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Using ARIA: Roles, states, and properties - Accessibility
aria defines semantics that can be applied to elements, with these divided into
roles (defining a type of user interface element) and states and properties that are supported by a role.
...
roles widget
roles button checkbox gridcell link menuitem menuitemcheckbox menuitemradio option progressbar radio scrollbar searchbox separator (when focusable) slider spinbutton switch tab tabpanel textbox treeitem composite
roles the techniques below describe each composite role as well as their required and optional child
roles.
... combobox grid (including row, gridcell, rowheader, columnheader
roles) listbox (including option role) menu menubar radiogroup (see radio role) tablist (including tab and tabpanel
roles) tree treegrid document structure
roles application article cell columnheader definition directory document feed figure group heading img list listitem math none note presentation row rowgroup rowheader separator table term textbox toolbar tooltip landmark
roles banner complementary contentinfo form main navigation region search live region
roles alert log marquee status timer window
roles alertdialog dialog states and properties widget attributes aria-autocomplete aria-checked aria-current aria-disabled aria-errormessage ...
WAI-ARIA Roles - Accessibility
this page lists reference pages covering all the wai-aria
roles discussed on mdn.
... for a full list of
roles, see using aria:
roles, states, and properties aria: alert rolethe alert role can be used to tell the user an element has been dynamically updated.
...it is used to provide a generic landmark for people to be able to navigate to easily when none of the other landmark
roles are appropriate.aria: row rolean element with role="row" is a row of cells within a tabular structure.
Gecko Roles
« at apis support page this page offers a list of accessible
roles used in gecko.
WAI-ARIA basics - Learn web development
there are three main features defined in the spec:
roles — these define what an element is or does.
... many of these are so-called landmark
roles, which largely duplicate the semantic value of html5 structural elements e.g.
... note: you can find a useful list of all the aria
roles and their uses, with links to futher information, in the wai-aria spec — see definition of
roles.
...And 7 more matches
Accessibility API cross-reference
all accessibility apis to date define a list of possible object
roles, or general types, such as button, menu item, text, etc.
... these tables describe how various accessibility apis define possible
roles of an object, and states.
... all accessibility apis to date define a list of possible object
roles, or general types, such as button, menu item, text, etc.
...And 7 more matches
ARIA: Region role - Accessibility
it is used to provide a generic landmark for people to be able to navigate to easily when none of the other landmark
roles are appropriate.
...landmark
roles provide a way to identify the organization and structure of a web page.
...screen readers use landmark
roles to provide keyboard navigation to important sections of a page.
...And 6 more matches
Web applications and ARIA FAQ - Accessibility
javascript toolkits aria
roles, states, and properties have been added to a number of popular javascript user interface toolkits, including: dojo/dijit jquery ui fluid infusion google closure google web toolkit bbc glow yahoo!
...unfortunately, there isn't a more semantic tag available to developers in html 4, so we need to include aria
roles and properties.
...var progressbar = document.getelementbyid("percent-loaded"); // set its aria
roles and states, so that assistive technologies know what kind of widget it is.
...And 6 more matches
ARIA: cell role - Accessibility
if a cell contains column or row header information, use the colheader or rowheader
roles, respecitively.
... associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties context
roles role="row" an element with role="row" is a row of cells within a tabular structure.
... subclass
roles role="gridcell" a cell in a row within a grid or treegrid.
...And 5 more matches
Gecko info for Windows accessibility vendors
roles, states and events: please read the msaa documentation on msdn if you are unfamiliar with these.
...these
roles can occur on content because of the new accessible dhtml technology which allows the author to specify the type of document or container.
...there are currently two techniques for parsing tables: 1) use acclocation() to get the coordinates for each cell and feed that into an algorithm that builds up your own table data structure, or 2) use isimpledomnode and parse the table see below for the complete list of
roles and notes about what we support intentional differences with internet explorer for the most part, where we support an msaa feature, we have tried to duplicate internet explorer's use of it.
...And 4 more matches
ARIA: row role - Accessibility
associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties context
roles role="rowgroup" an optional contextual row parent, it establishes a relationship between descendant rows.
... descendant
roles role="cell" a cell in a row within a tabular container.
... examples <div role="table" aria-label="semantic elements" aria-describedby="semantic_elements_table_desc" aria-rowcount="81"> <div id="semantic_elements_table_desc">semantic elements to use instead of aria's
roles</div> <div role="rowgroup"> <div role="row"> <span role="columnheader" aria-sort="none">aria role</span> <span role="columnheader" aria-sort="none">semantic element</span> </div> </div> <div role="rowgroup"> <div role="row" aria-rowindex="11"> <span role="cell">header</span> <span role="cell">h1</span> </div> <div role="row" aria-rowindex...
...And 4 more matches
ARIA: rowgroup role - Accessibility
associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties context
roles role="table" one of the three possible contexts (along with grid and treegrid) in which you'll find a row.
... descendant
roles role="row" a row of cells within a tabular structure.
... examples <div role="table" aria-label="semantic elements" aria-describedby="semantic_elements_table_desc" aria-rowcount="81"> <div id="semantic_elements_table_desc">semantic elements to use instead of aria's
roles</div> <div role="rowgroup"> <div role="row"> <span role="columnheader" aria-sort="none">aria role</span> <span role="columnheader" aria-sort="none">semantic element</span> </div> </div> <div role="rowgroup"> <div role="row" aria-rowindex="11"> <span role="cell">header</span> <span role="cell">h1</span> </div> <div role="row" aria-rowindex...
...And 4 more matches
ARIA: Navigation Role - Accessibility
landmark
roles provide a way to identify the organization and structure of a web page.
...screen readers use landmark
roles to provide keyboard navigation to important sections of a page.
... associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties aria-label a brief description of the purpose of the navigation, omitting the term "navigation", as the screen reader will read both the role and the contents of the label.
...And 3 more matches
ARIA: table role - Accessibility
<div role="table" aria-label="semantic elements" aria-describedby="semantic_elements_table_desc" aria-rowcount="81"> <div id="semantic_elements_table_desc">semantic elements to use instead of aria's
roles</div> <div role="rowgroup"> <div role="row"> <span role="columnheader" aria-sort="none">aria role</span> <span role="columnheader" aria-sort="none">semantic element</span> </div> </div> <div role="rowgroup"> <div role="row" aria-rowindex="11"> <span role="cell">header</span> <span role="cell">h1</span> </div> <div role="row" aria-rowindex="16"> ...
... all other semantic table elements, such as <tbody>, <thead>, <tr>, <th>, and <td> need to be added via associated
roles, such as rowgroup, row, columnheader, and cell.
... associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties role="rowgroup" an optional child of the table, the row group encapsulates a group of rows, similar to thead, tbody, and tfoot.
...And 3 more matches
ARIA - Accessibility
for instance, native elements have built-in keyboard accessibility,
roles and states.
...unfortunately, there isn't a more semantic tag available to developers in html 4, so we need to include aria
roles and properties.
...var progressbar = document.getelementbyid("percent-loaded"); // set its aria
roles and states, // so that assistive technologies know what kind of widget it is.
...And 3 more matches
Implementing a Microsoft Active Accessibility (MSAA) Server - Accessibility
te_offscreen [important] state_sizeable state_moveable state_selfvoicing state_focusable [important] state_selectable [important] state_linked [important] state_traversed [important] state_multiselectable [important] state_extselectable state_alert_low state_alert_medium state_alert_high state_protected [important] state_haspopup msaa
roles cheat sheet for information on what each role does, see the msdn role constants page.
... check with your assistive technology partners to find out what
roles you need to support.
... there's a very good chance they won't ask for more than the
roles marked [important]: there is no need to support the objects marked [inserted by system].
...And 3 more matches
Building accessible custom components in XUL - Archive of obsolete content
further reading grid element reference description element reference label element reference grid tutorial label tutorial adding
roles with dhtml accessibility download stage-2.zip install stage-2.xpi using the new dhtml accessibility techniques in firefox 1.5, we can declare the role of each element in our spreadsheet.
... you can find a list of all the supported
roles in firefox 1.5 on mozilla.org.
...<code> <window id="accjax" title="accjax spreadsheet" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul" xmlns:x2="http://www.w3.org/tr/xhtml2" xmlns:wairole="http://www.w3.org/2005/01/wai-rdf/guiroletaxonomy#" > </code> once the namespaces are in place, we define the
roles for each component of our spreadsheet.
...And 2 more matches
Accessibility Inspector - Firefox Developer Tools
here we are mainly talking about exposing information to people with visual disabilities — this is done via the accessibility apis available inside web browsers, which expose information on what
roles the different elements on your page play (e.g., are they just text, or are they buttons, links, form elements, etc.?).
... semantic dom elements have
roles assigned to them by default that hint at what their purpose is.
...in such a situation, you can use wai-aria role attributes to provide your own
roles.
...
roles and other information exposed by browser accessibility apis are presented in a hierarchical structure called the accessibility tree.
ARIA: form role - Accessibility
even if you are using the form landmark instead of <form>, you are encouraged to use native html form controls like button, input, select, and textarea associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties no role specific states or properties.
...</form> accessibility concerns use sparingly landmark
roles are intended to identify larger overall sections of the document.
... using too many landmark
roles can create "noise" in screen readers, making it difficult to understand the overall layout of the page.
... added benefits certain technologies such as browser extensions can generate lists of all landmark
roles present on a page, allowing non-screen reader users to also quickly identify and navigate to large sections of the document.
ARIA: List role - Accessibility
associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties listitem a single item in a list or directory.
... unlike the html <ol> and <ul>, the aria list
roles doesn't distinguish between ordered and unordered lists.
... for example, our above example should be rewritten as follows: <ul> <li>list item 1</li> <li>list item 2</li> <li>list item 3</li> </ul> or use an ordered list if the order of the list items matters: <ol> <li>list item 1</li> <li>list item 2</li> <li>list item 3</li> </ol> note: the aria list/listitem
roles don't distinguish between ordered and unordered lists.
... note: if you are marking up a list of items that will function as a tabbed interface, you should instead use the tab, tabpanel, and tablist
roles.
ARIA: Main role - Accessibility
screen readers use landmark
roles to provide keyboard navigation to important sections of a page.
... for those navigating via landmark
roles, the main role is an alternative for "skip to main content" links.there should only be one main landmark role per document.
... if a document contains two main
roles, say updating page content when triggered by javascript, the inactive main role's presence should be removed from assistive technology via techniques such as toggling the hidden attribute.
... <body> <a href="#main-content">skip to main content</a> <!-- navigation and header content --> <div id="main-content" role="main"> <!-- main page content --> </div> </body> webaim: "skip navigation" links added benefits certain technologies such as browser extensions can generate lists of all landmark
roles present on a page, allowing non-screen reader users to also quickly identify and navigate to large sections of the document.
Accessibility documentation index - Accessibility
here's where to file bugs: 13 using aria:
roles, states, and properties aria, accessibility, overview, reference aria defines semantics that can be applied to elements, with these divided into
roles (defining a type of user interface element) and states and properties that are supported by a role.
... 41 wai-aria
roles aria, aria
roles, accessibility, reference, rôles this page lists reference pages covering all the wai-aria
roles discussed on mdn.
... for a full list of
roles, see using aria:
roles, states, and properties 42 aria: comment role aria, aria role, comment, reference, annotations the comment landmark role semantically denotes a comment/reaction to some content on the page, or to a previous comment.
...it is used to provide a generic landmark for people to be able to navigate to easily when none of the other landmark
roles are appropriate.
ARIA Test Cases - Accessibility
new tests for internet explorer 8 rc1 on this msdn page the aria state/role mapping in ie8 to msaa
roles can be directly checked.
...finally, a list of currently non-mapped aria
roles is given.
...: at firefox ie opera safari jaws 9 - - n/a n/a jaws 10 - - - - voiceover (leopard) n/a n/a - fail window-eyes - - - - nvda - n/a - - zoom (leopard) pass n/a pass pass zoomtext - - - - orca - - - - live
roles: log + timer illinois log and timer example clc chat -- see the accompanying notes chatzilla (this is a real app but uses aria in an html area for chat) expected at behavior: (al) a screen reader should announce changes inside a log as if they are marked with aria-live="polite", unless the author overrides that with a specific aria-live property on an ancestor of the node that changes.
ARIA: Complementary role - Accessibility
"#">stop searching for the perfect lunch containers because i've found them</a></li> <li><a href="#">the time has come to finally decide what we should be calling these foods</a></li> <li><a href="#">17 really good posts we saw on tumblr this week</a></li> <li><a href="#">10 parent hacks we know work because we tried them</a></li> </ul> </div> accessibility concerns landmark
roles are intended to be used sparingly, to identify larger overall sections of the document.
... using too many landmark
roles can create "noise" in screen readers, making it difficult to understand the overall layout of the page.
... added benefits certain technologies such as browser extensions can generate lists of all landmark
roles present on a page, allowing non-screen reader users to also quickly identify and navigate to large sections of the document.
ARIA: contentinfo role - Accessibility
content is available under <a href="#">these licenses</a>.</p> </div> </body> accessibility concerns use sparingly landmark
roles are intended to identify larger overall sections of the document.
... using too many landmark
roles can create "noise" in screen readers, making it difficult to understand the overall layout of the page.
... added benefits certain technologies such as browser extensions can generate lists of all landmark
roles present on a page, allowing non-screen reader users to also quickly identify and navigate to large sections of the document.
ARIA: grid role - Accessibility
even though both data grids and layout grids employ the same aria
roles, states, and properties, differences in their content and purpose surface factors that are important to consider in keyboard interaction design.
... associated aria
roles, states, and properties
roles treegrid (subclass) if a grid has columns that can expanded or collapsed, a treegrid can be used.
... for many use cases, an html table element is sufficient as it and its elements already include many aria
roles.
ARIA: gridcell role - Accessibility
by referencing the parent elements with
roles of rowheader or columnheader applied to them via aria-describedby, it allows assistive technology to understand the position and relationship of the gridcell element to the rest of the table-style grouping of content.
... associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties grid communicates that a parent element is a a table or tree style grouping of information.
... <div role="gridcell">67</div> </div> </div> <div role="rowgroup"> <div role="row"> <div role="gridcell">saturn</div> <div role="gridcell">120,536</div> <div role="gridcell">10.7</div> <div role="gridcell">1433.5</div> <div role="gridcell">62</div> </div> </div> </div> accessibility concerns support for gridcell and certain gridcell-related aria
roles and properties have poor support with assistive technologies.
ARIA: Listitem role - Accessibility
associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties list a list of items.
...for example, our above example should be rewritten as follows: <ul> <li>list item 1</li> <li>list item 2</li> <li>list item 3</li> </ul> or use an ordered list if the order of the list items matters: <ol> <li>list item 1</li> <li>list item 2</li> <li>list item 3</li> </ol> note: the aria list/listitem
roles don't distinguish between ordered and unordered lists.
... note: if you are marking up a list of items that will function as a tabbed interface, you should instead use the tab, tabpanel, and tablist
roles.
ARIA: search role - Accessibility
examples <form id="search" role="search"> <label for="search-input">search this site</label> <input type="search" id="search-input" name="search" spellcheck="false"> <input value="submit" type="submit"> </form> accessibility concerns landmark
roles are intended to be used sparingly, to identify larger overall sections of the document.
... using too many landmark
roles can create "noise" in screen readers, making it difficult to understand the overall layout of the page.
... added benefits certain technologies such as browser extensions can generate lists of all landmark
roles present on a page, allowing non-screen reader users to also quickly identify and navigate to large sections of the document.
An overview of accessible web applications and widgets - Accessibility
designed to fill the gap between standard html tags and the desktop-style controls found in dynamic web applications, aria provides
roles and states that describe the behavior of most familiar ui widgets.
... the aria specification is split up into three different types of attributes:
roles, states, and properties.
...
roles describe widgets that aren't otherwise available in html 4, such as sliders, menu bars, tabs, and dialogs.
How to build custom form controls - Learn web development
it's basically a set of attributes that extend html so that we can better describe
roles, states and properties as though the element we've just devised was the native element it tries to pass for.
... it's also worth noting that aria defines
roles that are applied by default to standard html markup.
Gecko object attributes
applied to: any role xml-
roles if a dynamic content accessibility role string is used, it is exposed here.
...the role string may be a space-delimited list of
roles.
ROLE_TABLE
« gecko
roles page represents a table that contains rows and columns of cells, and optionally, row headers and column headers.
... also refer to the following
roles: role_columnheader, role_rowheader, role_column, role_row, role_cell.
nsIAccessibleRole
accessible/public/nsiaccessiblerole.idlscriptable this interface defines cross platform (gecko)
roles.
...also refer to the following
roles: role_columnheader, role_rowheader, role_column, role_row, role_cell.
Add to iPhoto
enurlswithrole = this.lib.declare("lsopenurlswithrole", ctypes.default_abi, // abi type osstatus, // returns osstatus corefoundation.cfarrayref, // array of files to open in the app optionbits, //
roles mask ctypes.voidptr_t, // inaeparam this.struct_lsapplicationparameters.ptr, // description of the app to launch ctypes.voidptr_t, // psn array pointer cfindex); // max psn count this function returns an oss...
... there are also a few constants used for the flags field in the lsapplicationparameters structure: this.kls
rolesnone = 1; this.kls
rolesviewer = 2; this.kls
roleseditor = 4; this.kls
rolesall = 0xffffffff; implementing the extension now that the mac os x apis we'll be using have been declared, we can write the core of the extension itself.
Establishing a connection: The WebRTC perfect negotiation pattern - Web APIs
however you make the determination, once these
roles are assigned to the two peers, they can then work together to manage signaling in a way that doesn't deadlock and doesn't require a lot of extra code to manage.
... an important thing to keep in mind is this: the
roles of caller and callee can switch during perfect negotiation.
ARIA annotations - Accessibility
aria annotation
roles and objects are currently exposed in: firefox from version 75 onwards, on windows and linux (on macos, we are first waiting for apple to define what safari will expose as apple-dialect attributes to voiceover, and will then follow suit.) chrome from version 81 onwards, currently behind the #enable-accessibility-expose-aria-annotations flag (go to chrome://flags to enable this.) unfortunatel...
...the semantics for this have long been available in html, via the <ins> and <del> elements: <p>freida’s pet is a <del>black cat called luna</del><ins>purple tyrannosaurus rex called tiny</ins>.</p> with the new additions, you now have new
roles available to provide the same semantics, should you be unable to use <ins> and <del> elements for some reason: <p>freida’s pet is a <span role="deletion">black cat called luna</span><span role="insertion">purple tyrannosaurus rex called tiny</span>.</p> however, this often isn’t enough — when you’ve got a content change like the one above that involves an insertion and a deletion, there...
ARIA: article role - Accessibility
associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties aria-posinset in the context of a feed, indicates the position of this particular article within that feed, based on a count starting at 1.
...this role does not require any specific
roles to be present among its children.
ARIA: banner role - Accessibility
in the case of a page containing nested document and/or application
roles, each nested document or application role may also have one banner landmark.
... associated aria
roles, states, and properties none keyboard interactions none required javascript features none examples here's a fake simple banner with a skip to navigation link, a logo, a title and a subtitle.
ARIA: Comment role - Accessibility
i think the cowbell could distract from the solo.</p> <p><time datetime="2019-03-30t21:02">march 30 2019, 21:02</time></p> </div> </div> accessibility concerns landmark
roles are intended to be used sparingly, to identify larger overall sections of the document.
... using too many landmark
roles can create "noise" in screen readers, making it difficult to understand the overall layout of the page.
ARIA: document role - Accessibility
this mode can be altered through various
roles, including the widget and application
roles.
... associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties aria-expanded include with a value of true or false if the document element is collapsible, to indicate if the document is currently expanded or collapsed.
ARIA: figure role - Accessibility
associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties aria-describedby the id of an element containing reference text serving as a caption.
...if you don't have control over the html semantics, you can improve the accessibility of html by adding these
roles and properties with javascript.
ARIA: Mark role - Accessibility
accessibility concerns landmark
roles are intended to be used sparingly, to identify larger overall sections of the document.
... using too many landmark
roles can create "noise" in screen readers, making it difficult to understand the overall layout of the page.
ARIA: Suggestion role - Accessibility
</p> <div id="comment-source">suggested by chris, <time datetime="2019-03-30t19:29">march 30 2019, 19:29</time></div> browsers tend to provide a default black strikethrough for deletions, and a black underline for insertions, but you’ll probably want to use accessibility concerns landmark
roles are intended to be used sparingly, to identify larger overall sections of the document.
... using too many landmark
roles can create "noise" in screen readers, making it difficult to understand the overall layout of the page.
ARIA: switch role - Accessibility
associated aria
roles, states, and properties aria-checked attribute the aria-checked attribute is required when using the switch role, as it represents the current state of the widget that the switch role is applied to.
... result the result looks like this: specifications specification status comment accessible rich internet applications (wai-aria) 1.1 recommendation defines aria in general along with all
roles, properties, and so forth.
<summary>: The Disclosure Summary element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role button permitted aria
roles no role permitted dom interface htmlelement attributes this element only includes the global attributes.
... warning: because the <summary> element has a default role of button (which strips all
roles from child elements), this example will not work for users of assistive technologies such as screen readers.
2006-10-06 - Archive of obsolete content
other links of interest: roadmap for accessible rich internet applications (wai-aria roadmap)
roles for accessible rich internet applications (wai-aria
roles) states and properties module for accessible rich internet applications (wai-aria states and properties) making ajax work with screen readers meetings accessibility hackfest 2006 - october 10-12 in cambridge, ma (more details) participants include the mozilla foundation, ibm, sun and novell to name a few.
Accessibility and Mozilla
all accessibility apis to date define a list of possible object
roles, or general types, such as button, menu item, text, etc.
SpiderMonkey Internals
atoms play three
roles: as literals referred to by unaligned 16-bit immediate bytecode operands, as unique string descriptors for efficient property name hashing, and as members of the root gc set for exact gc.
ROLE_ALERT
« gecko
roles page represents an alert or a condition that a user should be notified about.
ROLE_CELL
« gecko
roles page represents a cell within a table.
ROLE_COLUMNHEADER
« gecko
roles page represents a column header, providing a visual label for a column in a table.
ROLE_MENUITEM
« gecko
roles page represents a menu item, which is an entry in a menu that a user can choose to carry out a command, select an option.
ROLE_OUTLINEITEM
« gecko
roles page represents an item in an outline or tree structure.
ROLE_ROW
« gecko
roles page represents a row of cells within a table.
Implementation Details
supported features interfaces refer to specific pages to get information of supported interfaces for interested at api: core: gecko interfaces windows: msaa, ia2, ienumvariant and isimpledom* interfaces linux: at-spi
roles refer to specific pages to get information of supported
roles for interested at api: gecko msaa ia2 at-spi states refer to specific pages to get information of supported states for interested at api: gecko msaa ia2 at-spi relations refer to specific pages to get information of supported relations for interested at api: gecko msaa ia2 at-spi attributes object attributes refer to specific pages to get information of supported object attributes for interested at api: gecko msaa ia2 at-spi text attr...
AT APIs Support
there you will find information how at api interfaces,
roles, states and etc are mapped into gecko accessibility api and visa versa.
Index
see the role_* constants in
roles documentation.
Role
see the role_* constants in
roles documentation.
RTCIceRole - Web APIs
you can learn more about ice
roles in choosing a candidate pair in webrtc connectivity.
ARIA guides - Accessibility
error handling in forms labeling widgets labeling composite widgets and regions managing focus in composite widgets (aria-activedescendant vs roving tabindex) using landmark
roles handling dynamic updates & live regions virtual vs.
ARIA live regions - Accessibility
here is a screenshot of voiceover on mac announcing the update (via subtitles) to the live region: preferring specialized live region
roles in the following well-known predefined cases it is better to use a specific provided "live region role": role description compatibility notes log chat, error, game or other type of log to maximize compatibility, add a redundant aria-live="polite" when using this role.
Using the aria-describedby attribute - Accessibility
used by aria
roles all elements of the base markup related aria techniques using the aria-labelledby attribute compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for aria-describedby ...
Using the aria-invalid attribute - Accessibility
used in aria
roles all elements of the base markup related aria techniques using the aria-required attribute using the alert role compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for the aria-invalid property wai authoring practices for forms ...
Using the aria-label attribute - Accessibility
used by aria
roles all elements of the base markup related aria techniques using the aria-labelledby attribute compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for aria-label ...
Using the aria-labelledby attribute - Accessibility
</div> notes the most common accessibility api mapping for a label is the accessible name property used by aria
roles all elements of the base markup related aria techniques using the aria-label attribute using the aria-describedby attribute compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for aria-labelledby ...
Using the aria-orientation attribute - Accessibility
<a href="#" id="handle_zoomslider" role="slider" aria-orientation="vertical" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="17" aria-valuenow="14" > <span>11</span> </a> working examples: slider example notes used with aria
roles scrollbar listbox combobox menu tree separator slider tablist toolbar related aria techniques compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for the aria-orientation attribute ...
Using the aria-required attribute - Accessibility
d="firstname" type="text" aria-required="true" /> <br/> <label for="lastname">last name:</label> <input id="lastname" type="text" aria-required="true" /> <br/> <label for="streetaddress">street address:</label> <input id="streetaddress" type="text" /> </form> working examples: tooltip example (includes the use of the aria-required attribute) notes used in aria
roles combobox gridcell listbox radiogroup spinbutton textbox tree related aria techniques using the aria-invalid attribute compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for aria-required wai-aria authoring practices for forms constraint validation in html5 ...
Using the aria-valuemax attribute - Accessibility
<div role="slider" aria-valuenow="4" aria-valuemin="1" aria-valuemax="10"> working examples: progressbar example slider example spinbutton example notes used with aria
roles progressbar scrollbar slider spinbutton related aria techniques aria-valuemin aria-valuenow aria-valuetext compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for the aria-valuemax attribute ...
Using the aria-valuemin attribute - Accessibility
<div role="slider" aria-valuenow="4" aria-valuemin="1" aria-valuemax="10"> working examples: progressbar example slider example spinbutton example notes used with aria
roles progressbar scrollbar slider spinbutton related aria techniques aria-valuemax aria-valuenow aria-valuetext compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for the aria-valuemin attribute ...
Using the aria-valuenow attribute - Accessibility
<div role="slider" aria-valuenow="4" aria-valuemin="1" aria-valuemax="10"> working examples: progressbar example slider example spinbutton example notes used with aria
roles progressbar scrollbar slider spinbutton related aria techniques aria-valuemax aria-valuemin aria-valuetext compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for the aria-valuenow attribute ...
Using the aria-valuetext attribute - Accessibility
<div role="slider" aria-valuenow="1" aria-valuemin="1" aria-valuemax="7" aria-valuetext="sunday"> working examples: notes used with aria
roles progressbar scrollbar slider spinbutton related aria techniques aria-valuenow compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for the aria-valuetext attribute ...
Using the article role - Accessibility
post</h2> </header> <section class="content"> <p>a very interesting post</p> </section> <section class="comments"> <div class="comment" role="article"> <p>meaningful comment</p> </div> <div class="comment" role="article"> <p>positive comment</p> </div> </section> </article> notes aria attributes used related aria techniques aria techniques - list of
roles compatibility tbd: add support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources wai-aria specification for the article role ...
Using the status role - Accessibility
<p role="status">your changes were automatically saved.</p> working examples: notes aria attributes used status related aria techniques alert role live region
roles live region attributes compatibility the paciello group published some data on compatibility via their 2014 blog post: screen reader support for aria live regions tbd: add updated support information for common ua and at product combinations additional resources previous recommendations from wai-aria 1.0 (2014) for the status role ...
ARIA: tabpanel role - Accessibility
the aria tabpanel role indicates description an element with the tabpanel role associated
roles and attributes aria- keyboard interaction key action tab → ← delete required javascript features include note about semantic alternatives to using this role or attribute.
ARIA: alert role - Accessibility
description one of the five live region
roles, the alert role is used to provide the user with important, and usually time-sensitive, information, and often to tell the user an element has been dynamically updated.
ARIA: application role - Accessibility
associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties document, article used to indicate parts of the application that should be treated as normal web content aria-activedescendant used to manage focus inside the application.
ARIA: feed role - Accessibility
wai-aria
roles, states, and properties aria-labelled if the feed has no visible title, the feed element has a label specified with aria-label.
ARIA: img role - Accessibility
another example where this might be suitable is when using ascii emoji combinations, like the legendary "table flip": <div role="img" aria-label="table flip"> <p> (╯°□°)╯︵ ┻━┻ </p> </div> associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties aria-label an accessible name is required.
ARIA: tab role - Accessibility
associated
roles and attributes aria-selected boolean aria-controls id of element with tabpanel role id content keyboard interaction key action tab when focus is outside of the tablist moves focus to the active tab.
ARIA: heading role - Accessibility
associated wai-aria
roles, states, and properties aria-level the aria-level attribute specifies the heading level in the document structure.
overview - Accessibility
general resources dhtml style guide provides keyboard interaction recommendations wai-aria authoring practices guide checkbox aria toggle button and tri-state checkbox examples (from "the paciello group blog") aria example checkbox widgets from the university of illinois menu using wai-aria
roles and states with the yui menu control slider from the paciello group blog: aria slider, part one, part two, part threet (example) creating an accessible, internationalized dojo rating widget tabs enhancing tabview accessibility with wai-aria
roles and states, from the yui blog enhancing the jquery ui tabs accordingly to wcag 2.0 and aria tab panel example here on codetalks lightbox ...
Accessibility and Spacial Patterns - Accessibility
physical reactions web accessibility: understanding colors and luminance braille part 3: a step-by-step guide to typesetting ada braille correctly in adobe illustrator spatial math in brailleblaster (4 of 5) government literature nasa: designing with blue math spatial reasoning: why math talk is about more than numbers scientific literature colour constancy in context:
roles for local adaptation and levels of reference gamma oscillations and photosensitive epilepsy characterizing the patterned images that precipitate seizures and optimizing guidelines to prevent them arnold wilkins, john emmett, and graham harding contributers: heartfelt thanks to jim allan of the diagram center for his discussions on the topic of alternative means of education.
Mobile accessibility checklist - Accessibility
headings must not break hierarchical structure <h1>top level heading</h1> <h2>secondary heading</h2> <h2>another secondary heading</h2> <h3>low level heading</h3> aria landmark
roles should be used to describe an app or document structure, such as banner, complementary, contentinfo, main, navigation, search.
Robust - Accessibility
when scripting custom components, you will need to use wai-aria
roles and other features to make sure your controls will be interpreted and are able to be used as intended, e.g.
display - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
internal <display-internal> some layout models such as table and ruby have a complex internal structure, with several different
roles that their children and descendants can fill.
<a>: The Anchor element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role link when href attribute is present, otherwise no corresponding role permitted aria
roles when href attribute is present: button checkbox menuitem menuitemcheckbox menuitemradio option radio switch tab treeitem when href attribute is not present: any dom interface htmlanchorelement examples linking to an absolute url html <a href="https://www.mozilla.com"> mozilla </a>...
<area> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role link when href attribute is present, otherwise no corresponding role permitted aria
roles no role permitted dom interface htmlareaelement attributes this element's attributes include the global attributes.
<bdi>: The Bidirectional Isolate element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles any dom interface htmlelement attributes like all other html elements, this element supports the global attributes, except that the dir attribute behaves differently than normal: it defaults to auto, meaning its value is never inherited from the parent element.
<col> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles no role permitted dom interface htmltablecolelement attributes this element includes the global attributes.
<colgroup> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles no role permitted dom interface htmltablecolelement attributes this element's attributes include the global attributes.
<data> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles any dom interface htmldataelement attributes this element's attributes include the global attributes.
<footer> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role contentinfo, or no corresponding role if a descendant of an article, aside, main, nav or section element, or an element with role=article, complementary, main, navigation or region permitted aria
roles group, presentation or none dom interface htmlelement attributes this element only includes the global attributes.
<form> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
permitted parents any element that accepts flow content implicit aria role form if the form has an accessible name, otherwise no corresponding role permitted aria
roles search, none or presentation dom interface htmlformelement attributes this element includes the global attributes.
<header> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role banner, or no corresponding role if a descendant of an article, aside, main, nav or section element, or an element with role=article, complementary, main, navigation or region permitted aria
roles group, presentation or none dom interface htmlelement usage notes the <header> element is not sectioning content and therefore does not introduce a new section in the outline.
<img>: The Image Embed element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role with non-empty alt attribute or no alt attribute: img with empty alt attribute: no corresponding role permitted aria
roles with non-empty alt attribute: button checkbox link menuitem menuitemcheckbox menuitemradio option progressbar scrollbar separator slider switch tab treeitem with empty alt attribute, none or presentation with no alt attribute, no role permitted dom interface htmlimageelemen...
<input type="search"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
<span class="validity"></span> </div> </form> input { margin-right: 10px; } input:invalid ~ span:after { content: '✖'; padding-left: 5px; position: absolute; } input:valid ~ span:after { content: '✓'; padding-left: 5px; position: absolute; } this renders like so: examples you can see a good example of a search form used in context at our website-aria-
roles example (see it live).
<input>: The Input (Form Input) element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
no list attribute: textbox with list attribute: combobox type=text with no list attribute: textbox with list attribute: combobox type=url with no list attribute: textbox with list attribute: combobox type=color|date|datetime-local|file|hidden|month|password|time|week: no corresponding role permitted aria
roles type=button: link, menuitem, menuitemcheckbox, menuitemradio, option, radio, switch, tab type=checkbox: button when used with aria-pressed, menuitemcheckbox, option, switch type=image: link, menuitem, menuitemcheckbox, menuitemradio, radio, switch type=radio: menuitemradio type=text with no list attribute: combobox, searchbox, spinbutton type=color|date|datetime|da...
<label> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles no role permitted dom interface htmllabelelement specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of '<label>' in that specification.
<legend> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
permitted parents a <fieldset> whose first child is this <legend> element implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles no role permitted dom interface htmllegendelement attributes this element only includes the global attributes.
<li> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role listitem when child of an ol, ul or menu permitted aria
roles menuitem, menuitemcheckbox, menuitemradio, option, none, presentation, radio, separator, tab, treeitem dom interface htmllielement attributes this element includes the global attributes.
<map> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles no role permitted dom interface htmlmapelement attributes this element includes the global attributes.
<menu> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role list permitted aria
roles directory, group, listbox, menu, menubar, none, presentation, radiogroup, tablist, toolbar or tree dom interface htmlmenuelement attributes this element includes the global attributes.
<menuitem> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
(if specified, the type attribute of the <menu> element must be popup; if missing, the parent element of the <menu> must itself be a <menu> in the popup menu state.) permitted aria
roles none dom interface htmlmenuitemelement attributes this element includes the global attributes; in particular title can be used to describe the command, or provide usage hints.
<object> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles application, document, image dom interface htmlobjectelement attributes this element includes the global attributes.
<ol>: The Ordered List element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role list permitted aria
roles directory, group, listbox, menu, menubar, none, presentation, radiogroup, tablist, toolbar, tree dom interface htmlolistelement attributes this element also accepts the global attributes.
<s> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles any dom interface htmlelement attributes this element only includes the global attributes.
<section>: The Generic Section element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role region if the element has an accessible name, otherwise no corresponding role permitted aria
roles alert, alertdialog, application, banner, complementary, contentinfo, dialog, document, feed, log, main, marquee, navigation, none, note, presentation, search, status, tabpanel dom interface htmlelement attributes this element only includes the global attributes.
<select>: The HTML Select element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role combobox with no multiple attribute and no size attribute greater than 1, otherwise listbox permitted aria
roles menu with no multiple attribute and no size attribute greater than 1, otherwise no role permitted dom interface htmlselectelement specifications specification status comments html living standardthe definition of '<select>' in that specification.
<slot> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
permitted parents any element that accepts phrasing content implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles no role permitted dom interface htmlslotelement attributes this element includes the global attributes.
<span> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles any dom interface htmlspanelement (before html5, the interface was htmlelement) attributes this element only includes the global attributes.
<textarea> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role textbox permitted aria
roles no role permitted dom interface htmltextareaelement specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of '<textarea>' in that specification.
<th> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role columnheader or rowheader permitted aria
roles any dom interface htmltableheadercellelement attributes this element includes the global attributes.
<time> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role no corresponding role permitted aria
roles any dom interface htmltimeelement attributes like all other html elements, this element supports the global attributes.
<tr>: The Table Row element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
wed by a <tr> element, or if the row is the last element in its parent table group (<thead>, <tbody> or <tfoot>) element permitted parents <table> (only if the table has no child <tbody> element, and even then only after any <caption>, <colgroup>, and <thead> elements); otherwise, the parent must be <thead>, <tbody> or <tfoot> implicit aria role row permitted aria
roles any dom interface htmltablerowelement specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of 'tr element' in that specification.
<ul>: The Unordered List element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
implicit aria role list permitted aria
roles directory, group, listbox, menu, menubar, none, presentation, radiogroup, tablist, toolbar, tree dom interface htmlulistelement attributes this element includes the global attributes.
Regular expressions - JavaScript
the
roles of "class" and "argument" get reversed: in the case of .match(), the string class (or data type) owns the method and the regular expression is just an argument, while in the case of .exec(), it is the regular expression that owns the method, with the string being the argument.