SDK and XUL Comparison

Advantages of the SDK

Simplicity

The SDK provides high-level JavaScript APIs to simplify many common tasks in add-on development, and tool support which greatly simplifies the process of developing, testing, and packaging an add-on.

Compatibility

Although we can't promise we'll never break a High-Level API, maintaining compatibility across Firefox versions is a top priority for us.

We've designed the APIs to be forward-compatible with the new multiple process architecture (codenamed Electrolysis) planned for Firefox.

We also expect to support both desktop and mobile Firefox using a single edition of the SDK: so you'll be able to write one extension and have it work on both products.

Security

If they're not carefully designed, Firefox add-ons can open the browser to attack by malicious web pages. Although it's possible to write insecure add-ons using the SDK, it's not as easy, and the damage that a compromised add-on can do is usually more limited.

Restartlessness

Add-ons built with the SDK can be installed without having to restart Firefox.

Although you can write traditional add-ons that are restartless, you can't use XUL overlays in them, so most traditional add-ons would have to be substantially rewritten anyway.

User Experience Best Practices

The UI components available in the SDK are designed to align with the usability guidelines for Firefox, giving your users a better, more consistent experience.

Mobile Support

Starting in SDK 1.5, we've added experimental support for developing add-ons on the new native version of Firefox Mobile. See the tutorial on mobile development.

Advantages of XUL-based Add-ons

User interface flexibility

XUL overlays offer a great deal of options for building a UI and integrating it into the browser. Using only the SDK's supported APIs you have much more limited options for your UI.

XPCOM

Traditional add-ons have access to a vast amount of Firefox functionality via XPCOM. The SDK's supported APIs expose a relatively small set of this functionality.

Low-level APIs and Third-party Modules

That's not the whole story. If you need more flexibility than the SDK's High-Level APIs provide, you can use its Low-level APIs to load XPCOM objects directly or to manipulate the DOM directly as in a traditional bootstrapped extension.

Alternatively, you can load third-party modules, which extend the SDK's core APIs.

Note that by doing this you lose some of the benefits of programming with the SDK including simplicity, compatibility, and to a lesser extent security.