grid-auto-columns

The grid-auto-columns CSS property specifies the size of an implicitly-created grid column track or pattern of tracks.

If a grid item is positioned into a column that is not explicitly sized by grid-template-columns, implicit grid tracks are created to hold it. This can happen either by explicitly positioning into a column that is out of range, or by the auto-placement algorithm creating additional columns.

Syntax

/* Keyword values */
grid-auto-columns: min-content;
grid-auto-columns: max-content;
grid-auto-columns: auto;

/* <length> values */
grid-auto-columns: 100px;
grid-auto-columns: 20cm;
grid-auto-columns: 50vmax;

/* <percentage> values */
grid-auto-columns: 10%;
grid-auto-columns: 33.3%;

/* <flex> values */
grid-auto-columns: 0.5fr;
grid-auto-columns: 3fr;

/* minmax() values */
grid-auto-columns: minmax(100px, auto);
grid-auto-columns: minmax(max-content, 2fr);
grid-auto-columns: minmax(20%, 80vmax);

/* fit-content() values */
grid-auto-columns: fit-content(400px);
grid-auto-columns: fit-content(5cm);
grid-auto-columns: fit-content(20%);

/* multiple track-size values */
grid-auto-columns: min-content max-content auto;
grid-auto-columns: 100px 150px 390px;
grid-auto-columns: 10% 33.3%;
grid-auto-columns: 0.5fr 3fr 1fr;
grid-auto-columns: minmax(100px, auto) minmax(max-content, 2fr) minmax(20%, 80vmax);
grid-auto-columns: 100px minmax(100px, auto) 10% 0.5fr fit-content(400px);

/* Global values */
grid-auto-columns: inherit;
grid-auto-columns: initial;
grid-auto-columns: unset;

Values

<length>
Is a non-negative length.
<percentage>
Is a non-negative <percentage> value relative to the block size of the grid container. If the block size of the grid container is indefinite, the percentage value is treated like auto.
<flex>
Is a non-negative dimension with the unit fr specifying the trackโ€™s flex factor. Each <flex>-sized track takes a share of the remaining space in proportion to its flex factor.

When appearing outside a minmax() notation, it implies an automatic minimum (i.e. minmax(auto, <flex>)).

max-content
Is a keyword representing the largest maximal content contribution of the grid items occupying the grid track.
min-content
Is a keyword representing the largest minimal content contribution of the grid items occupying the grid track.
minmax(min, max)
Is a functional notation that defines a size range greater than or equal to min and less than or equal to max. If max is smaller than min, then max is ignored and the function is treated as min. As a maximum, a <flex> value sets the trackโ€™s flex factor. As a minimum, it is treated as zero (or minimal content, if the grid container is sized under a minimal content constraint).
fit-content(argument)
Represents the formula min(max-content, max(auto, argument)), which is calculated similar to auto (i.e. minmax(auto, max-content)), except that the track size is clamped at argument if it is greater than the auto minimum.
auto
Is a keyword that is identical to maximal content if it's a maximum. As a minimum it represents the largest minimum size (as specified by min-width/min-height) of the grid items occupying the grid track.

Note: auto track sizes (and only auto track sizes) can be streched by the align-content and justify-content properties.

Formal definition

Initial valueauto
Applies togrid containers
Inheritedno
Percentagesrefer to corresponding dimension of the content area
Computed valuethe percentage as specified or the absolute length
Animation typediscrete

Formal syntax

<track-size>+

where
<track-size> = <track-breadth> | minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth> ) | fit-content( [ <length> | <percentage> ] )

where
<track-breadth> = <length-percentage> | <flex> | min-content | max-content | auto
<inflexible-breadth> = <length> | <percentage> | min-content | max-content | auto

where
<length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage>

Examples

Setting grid column size

HTML

<div id="grid">
  <div id="item1"></div>
  <div id="item2"></div>
  <div id="item3"></div>
</div>

CSS

#grid {
  height: 100px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-areas: "a a";
  grid-gap: 10px;
  grid-auto-columns: 200px;
}

#grid > div {
  background-color: lime;
}

Result

Specifications

Specification Status Comment
CSS Grid Layout
The definition of 'grid-auto-columns' in that specification.
Candidate Recommendation Initial definition

Browser compatibility

DesktopMobile
ChromeEdgeFirefoxInternet ExplorerOperaSafariAndroid webviewChrome for AndroidFirefox for AndroidOpera for AndroidSafari on iOSSamsung Internet
grid-auto-columnsChrome Full support 57
Full support 57
Full support 29
Disabled
Disabled From version 29: this feature is behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.
Edge Full support 16
Full support 16
Full support 12
Alternate Name
Alternate Name Uses the non-standard name: -ms-grid-columns
Firefox Full support 70
Full support 70
No support 52 — 70
Notes
Notes Does not accept multiple track-size values. See bug 1339672.
No support 40 — 59
Notes Disabled
Notes Does not accept multiple track-size values. See bug 1339672.
Disabled From version 40 until version 59 (exclusive): this feature is behind the layout.css.grid.enabled preference (needs to be set to true). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.
IE Full support 10
Alternate Name
Full support 10
Alternate Name
Alternate Name Uses the non-standard name: -ms-grid-columns
Opera Full support 44
Full support 44
Full support 28
Disabled
Disabled From version 28: this feature is behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features preference.
Safari Full support 10.1WebView Android Full support 57Chrome Android Full support 57
Full support 57
Full support 29
Disabled
Disabled From version 29: this feature is behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.
Firefox Android Partial support 52
Notes
Partial support 52
Notes
Notes Does not accept multiple track-size values. See bug 1339672.
No support 40 — 59
Notes Disabled
Notes Does not accept multiple track-size values. See bug 1339672.
Disabled From version 40 until version 59 (exclusive): this feature is behind the layout.css.grid.enabled preference (needs to be set to true). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.
Opera Android Full support 43
Full support 43
Full support 28
Disabled
Disabled From version 28: this feature is behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features preference.
Safari iOS Full support 10.3Samsung Internet Android Full support 6.0

Legend

Full support
Full support
Partial support
Partial support
See implementation notes.
See implementation notes.
User must explicitly enable this feature.
User must explicitly enable this feature.
Uses a non-standard name.
Uses a non-standard name.

See also