:has()

The :has() CSS pseudo-class represents an element if any of the selectors passed as parameters (relative to the :scope of the given element) match at least one element.

/* Selects any <a>, as long as it has an <img> element directly inside it  */
/* Note that this is not supported in any browser yet */
let test = document.querySelector('a:has(> img)');

Syntax

:has( <relative-selector-list> )

where
<relative-selector-list> = <relative-selector>#

where
<relative-selector> = <combinator>? <complex-selector>

where
<combinator> = '>' | '+' | '~' | [ '|' ]
<complex-selector> = <compound-selector> [ <combinator>? <compound-selector> ]*

where
<compound-selector> = [ <type-selector>? <subclass-selector>* [ <pseudo-element-selector> <pseudo-class-selector>* ]* ]!

where
<type-selector> = <wq-name> | <ns-prefix>? '*'
<subclass-selector> = <id-selector> | <class-selector> | <attribute-selector> | <pseudo-class-selector>
<pseudo-element-selector> = ':' <pseudo-class-selector>
<pseudo-class-selector> = ':' <ident-token> | ':' <function-token> <any-value> ')'

where
<wq-name> = <ns-prefix>? <ident-token>
<ns-prefix> = [ <ident-token> | '*' ]? |
<id-selector> = <hash-token>
<class-selector> = '.' <ident-token>
<attribute-selector> = '[' <wq-name> ']' | '[' <wq-name> <attr-matcher> [ <string-token> | <ident-token> ] <attr-modifier>? ']'

where
<attr-matcher> = [ '~' | | | '^' | '$' | '*' ]? '='
<attr-modifier> = i | s

Description

The :has() pseudo-class takes a relative selector list as an argument. In earlier revisions of the CSS Selectors Level 4 specification, :has had a limitation that it couldn't be used within stylesheets. Instead, it could only be used with functions like document.querySelector(); this was due to performance concerns. This limitation has been removed because no browser implemented it that way. Instead, browsers currently only support the use of :has() within stylesheets.

Examples

Matching <a> elements that directly contain an <img>

The following selector matches only <a> elements that directly contain an <img> child:

a:has(> img)

Matching <h1> elements that are followed by a <p>

The following selector matches <h1> elements only if they have a <p> element directly following them:

h1:has(+ p)

Specifications

Specification Status Comment
Selectors Level 4
The definition of ':has()' in that specification.
Working Draft Initial definition

Browser compatibility

DesktopMobile
ChromeEdgeFirefoxInternet ExplorerOperaSafariAndroid webviewChrome for AndroidFirefox for AndroidOpera for AndroidSafari on iOSSamsung Internet
:has()Chrome No support No
Notes
No support No
Notes
Notes See bug 669058
Edge No support No
Notes
No support No
Notes
Notes See bug 669058
Firefox No support No
Notes
No support No
Notes
Notes See bug 418039
IE No support NoOpera No support NoSafari No support NoWebView Android No support NoChrome Android No support NoFirefox Android No support No
Notes
No support No
Notes
Notes See bug 418039
Opera Android No support NoSafari iOS No support NoSamsung Internet Android No support No

Legend

No support
No support
See implementation notes.
See implementation notes.

See also