The Promise.race()
method returns a promise that fulfills or rejects as soon as one of the promises in an iterable fulfills or rejects, with the value or reason from that promise.
Syntax
Promise.race(iterable);
Parameters
Return value
A pending Promise
that asynchronously yields the value of the first promise in the given iterable to fulfill or reject.
Description
The race
function returns a Promise
that is settled the same way (and takes the same value) as the first promise that settles amongst the promises of the iterable passed as an argument.
If the iterable passed is empty, the promise returned will be forever pending.
If the iterable contains one or more non-promise value and/or an already settled promise, then Promise.race
will resolve to the first of these values found in the iterable.
Examples
Asynchronicity of Promise.race
This following example demonstrates the asynchronicity of Promise.race
:
// we are passing as argument an array of promises that are already resolved, // to trigger Promise.race as soon as possible var resolvedPromisesArray = [Promise.resolve(33), Promise.resolve(44)]; var p = Promise.race(resolvedPromisesArray); // immediately logging the value of p console.log(p); // using setTimeout we can execute code after the stack is empty setTimeout(function(){ console.log('the stack is now empty'); console.log(p); }); // logs, in order: // Promise { <state>: "pending" } // the stack is now empty // Promise { <state>: "fulfilled", <value>: 33 }
An empty iterable causes the returned promise to be forever pending:
var foreverPendingPromise = Promise.race([]); console.log(foreverPendingPromise); setTimeout(function(){ console.log('the stack is now empty'); console.log(foreverPendingPromise); }); // logs, in order: // Promise { <state>: "pending" } // the stack is now empty // Promise { <state>: "pending" }
If the iterable contains one or more non-promise value and/or an already settled promise, then Promise.race
will resolve to the first of these values found in the array:
var foreverPendingPromise = Promise.race([]); var alreadyFulfilledProm = Promise.resolve(100); var arr = [foreverPendingPromise, alreadyFulfilledProm, "non-Promise value"]; var arr2 = [foreverPendingPromise, "non-Promise value", Promise.resolve(100)]; var p = Promise.race(arr); var p2 = Promise.race(arr2); console.log(p); console.log(p2); setTimeout(function(){ console.log('the stack is now empty'); console.log(p); console.log(p2); }); // logs, in order: // Promise { <state>: "pending" } // Promise { <state>: "pending" } // the stack is now empty // Promise { <state>: "fulfilled", <value>: 100 } // Promise { <state>: "fulfilled", <value>: "non-Promise value" }
Using Promise.race – examples with setTimeout
var p1 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { setTimeout(() => resolve('one'), 500); }); var p2 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { setTimeout(() => resolve('two'), 100); }); Promise.race([p1, p2]) .then(function(value) { console.log(value); // "two" // Both fulfill, but p2 is faster }); var p3 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { setTimeout(() => resolve('three'), 100); }); var p4 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('four')), 500); }); Promise.race([p3, p4]) .then(function(value) { console.log(value); // "three" // p3 is faster, so it fulfills }, function(reason) { // Not called }); var p5 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { setTimeout(() => resolve('five'), 500); }); var p6 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('six')), 100); }); Promise.race([p5, p6]) .then(function(value) { // Not called }, function(error) { console.log(error.message); // "six" // p6 is faster, so it rejects });
Specifications
Specification |
---|
ECMAScript (ECMA-262) The definition of 'Promise.race' in that specification. |
Browser compatibility
Desktop | Mobile | Server | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
race() | Chrome Full support 32 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 29 | IE No support No | Opera Full support 19 | Safari Full support 8 | WebView Android Full support 4.4.3 | Chrome Android Full support 32 | Firefox Android Full support 29 | Opera Android Full support 19 | Safari iOS Full support 8 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 2.0 | nodejs Full support 0.12 |
Legend
- Full support
- Full support
- No support
- No support