encodeURIComponent() - JavaScript
the encodeuricomponent() function encodes a uri by replacing each instance of certain characters by one, two, three, or four escape sequences representing the utf-8 encoding of the character (will only be four escape sequences for characters composed of two "surrogate" characters). the source for this interactive example is stored in a github repository. if you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. syntax encodeuricomponent(str); parameters str string. a component of a uri. return value a new string representing the provided string encoded as a uri component. description encodeuricomponent() escapes all characters except: not escaped: a-z a-z 0-9 - _ . ! ~ * ' ( ) e...
...ve examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. syntax encodeuricomponent(str); parameters str string. a component of a uri. return value a new string representing the provided string encoded as a uri component. description encodeuricomponent() escapes all characters except: not escaped: a-z a-z 0-9 - _ . ...
...https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. syntax encodeuricomponent(str); parameters str string. a component of a uri. return value a new string representing the provided string encoded as a uri component. description encodeuricomponent() escapes all characters except: not escaped: a-z a-z 0-9 - _ . ...
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Working with windows in chrome code
opening windows from a <script> in a window or an overlay to open a new window, we usually use a window.open or window.opendialog dom call, like this: var win = window.open("chrome://myextension/content/about.xul", "aboutmyextension", "chrome,centerscreen"); the first parameter to window.open is the uri of the xul file that describes the window and its contents. ...
... is the window's name; the name can be used in links or forms as the target attribute. this is different from the user-visible window title, which is specified using xul. the third, and optional, parameter is a list of special window features the window should have. the window.opendialog function works similarly, but lets you specify optional arguments that can be referenced from the javascript code. it also handles window features a little differently, including always assuming the dialog feature is specified. from xpcom components and modules if the window object is unavailable (for example, when opening a window from xpcom component code), you might want to use nsiwindowwatcher interface. its parameters are similar to window.open; in fact, window.open's implementation calls nsiwindowwat...
... but it also contains the user-defined properties for global variables and functions of the window. so, for example, to access the dom document corresponding to the window, you can use win.document. note however, that the open() call returns before the window is fully loaded, so some calls, like win.document.getelementbyid() will fail. to overcome this difficulty, you can move the initialization code to a load handler of the window being opened or pass a callback function, as described below. you can get a window object from a document using document.defaultview. content windows when a xul window contains a widget capable of displaying a page, such as <browser> or <iframe>, the document in that widget is, naturally, separate from the document of the chrome window itself. there also is a wi...
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String.prototype.charCodeAt() - JavaScript
the charcodeat() method returns an integer between 0 and 65535 representing the utf-16 code unit at the given index. the source for this interactive example is stored in a github repository. if you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. the utf-16 code unit matches the unicode code point for code points which can be represented in a single utf-16 code unit. if the unicode code point cannot be represented in a single utf-16 code unit (because its value is greater than 0xffff) then the code unit returned will be the first part of a surrogate pair for the code point. if you want the entire code point value, use codepointat(). ...
...code unit matches the unicode code point for code points which can be represented in a single utf-16 code unit. if the unicode code point cannot be represented in a single utf-16 code unit (because its value is greater than 0xffff) then the code unit returned will be the first part of a surrogate pair for the code point. if you want the entire code point value, use codepointat(). syntax str.charcodeat(index) parameters index an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than the length of the string. if index is not a number, it defaults to 0. return value a number representing the utf-16 code unit value of the character at the given index. if index is out of range, charcodeat() returns nan. description unicode code points range from 0 to 1114111 (0x10ffff). ...
...rcodeat(index) parameters index an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than the length of the string. if index is not a number, it defaults to 0. return value a number representing the utf-16 code unit value of the character at the given index. if index is out of range, charcodeat() returns nan. description unicode code points range from 0 to 1114111 (0x10ffff). the first 128 unicode code points are a direct match of the ascii character encoding. (for information on unicode, see the javascript guide.) note: charcodeat() will always return a value that is less than 65536. this is because the higher code points are represented by a pair of (lower valued) "surrogate" pseudo-characters which are used to comprise the real character. because of this, in order to examine (or repr...
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Using JavaScript code modules
javascript code modules are a concept introduced in gecko 1.9 and can be used for sharing code between different privileged scopes. modules can also be used to create global javascript singletons that previously required using javascript xpcom objects. a javascript code module is simply some javascript code located in a registered location. the module is loaded into a specific javascript scope, such as xul script or javascript xpcom script, using components.utils.import() or components.utils["import"](). ...
...odules can also be used to create global javascript singletons that previously required using javascript xpcom objects. a javascript code module is simply some javascript code located in a registered location. the module is loaded into a specific javascript scope, such as xul script or javascript xpcom script, using components.utils.import() or components.utils["import"](). creating a javascript code module a very simple javascript module looks like this: var exported_symbols = ["foo", "bar"]; function foo() { return "foo"; } var bar = { name : "bar", size : 3 }; var dummy = "dummy"; notice that the module uses normal javascript to create functions, objects, constants, and any other javascript type. the module also defines a special array named exported_symbols. any javascript it...
...item named in exported_symbols will be exported from the module and injected into the importing scope. ...
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HTTP response status codes - HTTP
http response status codes indicate whether a specific http request has been successfully completed. responses are grouped in five classes: informational responses (100–199), successful responses (200–299), redirects (300–399), client errors (400–499), and server errors (500–599). the below status codes are defined by section 10 of rfc 2616. you can find an updated specification in rfc 7231. if you receive a response that is not in this list, it is a non-standard response, possibly custom to the server's software. information responses 100 continue this interim response indicates that everything so far is ok and that the client should continue the request, or ignore the response if the request is already finished. ...
...dated specification in rfc 7231. if you receive a response that is not in this list, it is a non-standard response, possibly custom to the server's software. information responses 100 continue this interim response indicates that everything so far is ok and that the client should continue the request, or ignore the response if the request is already finished. ...
...e. information responses 100 continue this interim response indicates that everything so far is ok and that the client should continue the request, or ignore the response if the request is already finished. 101 switching protocol this code is sent in response to an upgrade request header from the client, and indicates the protocol the server is switching to. 102 processing (webdav) this code indicates that the server has received and is processing the request, but no response is available yet. 103 early hints this status code is primarily intended to be used with the link header, letting the user agent start preloading resources while the server prepares a response. successful responses 200 ok the request has succeeded. the meaning of the success depends on the http method: ...
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Code snippets - Archive of obsolete content
this is a quick list of useful code snippets (small code samples) available for developers of extensions for the various mozilla applications. many of these samples can also be used in xulrunner applications, as well as in actual mozilla code itself. these examples demonstrate how to accomplish basic tasks that might not be immediately obvious. general examples and demos from mdn articles a collection of examples and demos from articles. window code opening and manipulating windows toolbar toolbar related code sidebar sidebar related code forms forms related code xml code used to parse, write, manipulate, etc. ...
.... these examples demonstrate how to accomplish basic tasks that might not be immediately obvious. general examples and demos from mdn articles a collection of examples and demos from articles. window code opening and manipulating windows toolbar toolbar related code sidebar sidebar related code forms forms related code xml code used to parse, write, manipulate, etc. ...
...ks that might not be immediately obvious. general examples and demos from mdn articles a collection of examples and demos from articles. window code opening and manipulating windows toolbar toolbar related code sidebar sidebar related code forms forms related code xml code used to parse, write, manipulate, etc. ...
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Creating the Component Code
« previousnext » this chapter goes over the basic code required to handle the relationship between your component and xpcom. having the component found and registered properly is the goal of this first chapter of the tutorial. in the subsequent chapters, we can begin to work on the example weblock component functionality itself. use the calculator (after learning long division) you have to write a fair amount of code to create a component library that gets loaded into xpcom. an xpcom component needs to implement at least three interfaces that xpcom requires, and often others as well. there is more code in this chapter than you'll eventually need, however. using xpcom utilities to make things easier shows some simpler and more elegant ways to create an xpcom component using...
...r software that uses xpcom. registration provides the information that applications need in order to use components properly. the weblock component must do a number of things to register itself. specifically, the component library has to contain implementations for the component-related interfaces described in this chapter: nsimodule and nsifactory, which are entry points for your implementation code. once your component implements these interfaces, the rest of the registration process itself is simple. applications typically use regxpcom, described in the next section. the regxpcom program an explicit way to register a component is to run the application regxpcom. without any arguments passed to regxpcom, the program registers the component in the default component registry. we suggest th...
... locking features happens. you also have to create weblockmodule to implement the necessary nsimodule interface, and you have to create weblockfactory to implement nsifactory and create a factory that hands instances of your component to clients. ...
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RangeError: argument is not a valid code point - JavaScript
the javascript exception "invalid code point" occurs when nan values, negative integers (-1), non-integers (5.4), or values larger than 0x10ffff (1114111) are used with string.fromcodepoint(). message rangeerror: {0} is not a valid code point (firefox) rangeerror: invalid code point {0} (chromium) error type rangeerror what went wrong? ...
... the javascript exception "invalid code point" occurs when nan values, negative integers (-1), non-integers (5.4), or values larger than 0x10ffff (1114111) are used with string.fromcodepoint(). message rangeerror: {0} is not a valid code point (firefox) rangeerror: invalid code point {0} (chromium) error type rangeerror what went wrong? ...
...ntegers (5.4), or values larger than 0x10ffff (1114111) are used with string.fromcodepoint(). message rangeerror: {0} is not a valid code point (firefox) rangeerror: invalid code point {0} (chromium) error type rangeerror what went wrong? ...
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encodeURI() - JavaScript
the encodeuri() function encodes a uri by replacing each instance of certain characters by one, two, three, or four escape sequences representing the utf-8 encoding of the character (will only be four escape sequences for characters composed of two "surrogate" characters). the source for this interactive example is stored in a github repository. if you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. syntax encodeuri(uri) parameters uri a complete uri. return value a new string representing the provided string encoded as a uri. description the encodeuri() function does not encode characters that have special meaning (reserved characters) for a uri. the following example shows all the p...
...g encoded as a uri. description the encodeuri() function does not encode characters that have special meaning (reserved characters) for a uri. the following example shows all the parts that a uri "scheme" can possibly contain. note how certain characters are used to signify special meaning: http://username:password@www.example.com:80/path/to/file.php?foo=316&bar=this+has+spaces#anchor hence encodeuri() does not encode characters that are necessary to formulate a complete uri. also, encodeuri() does not encode a few additional characters, known as "unreserved marks", which do not have a reserved purpose but are allowed in a uri "as is". (see rfc2396) encodeuri() escapes all characters except: not escaped: a-z a-z 0-9 ; , / ? : @ & = + $ - _ . ! ~ * ' ( ) # examples encodeuri vs e...
...ri() does not encode characters that are necessary to formulate a complete uri. also, encodeuri() does not encode a few additional characters, known as "unreserved marks", which do not have a reserved purpose but are allowed in a uri "as is". (see rfc2396) encodeuri() escapes all characters except: not escaped: a-z a-z 0-9 ; , / ? : @ & = + $ - _ . ! ~ * ' ( ) # examples encodeuri vs encodeuricomponent encodeuri() differs from encodeuricomponent() as follows: var set1 = ";,/?:@&=+$#"; // reserved characters var set2 = "-_.!~*'()"; // unreserved marks var set3 = "abc abc 123"; // alphanumeric characters + space console.log(encodeuri(set1)); // ;,/?:@&=+$# console.log(encodeuri(set2)); // -_.!~*'() console.log(encodeuri(set3)); // abc%20abc%20123 (the space gets encoded as %20) ...
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JS_EncodeString
this article covers features introduced in spidermonkey 1.8 convert a javascript string to a c string. syntax char * js_encodestring(jscontext *cx, jsstring *str); char * js_encodestringtoutf8(jscontext *cx, js::handlestring str); // added in spidermonkey 24 name type description cx jscontext * a context. requires request. in a js_threadsafe build, the caller must be in a request on this jscontext.. str jsstring * / js::handlestring a string to encode. description js_encodestring and js_encodestringtoutf8 convert the specified javascript str to a c string (an array of 8-bit chars). if js_cstringsareutf8 is true, then the returned string of js_encodestring is utf-8, and the conversion is lossless. otherwise the high byte is si...
...the caller may modify it and is responsible for freeing it. ...
...the caller may modify it and is responsible for freeing it. note that for non-ascii strings, if js_cstringsareutf8 is false, these functions can return a corrupted copy of the contents of the string. ...
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TextDecoder - Web APIs
the textdecoder interface represents a decoder for a specific text encoding, such as utf-8, iso-8859-2, koi8-r, gbk, etc. a decoder takes a stream of bytes as input and emits a stream of code points. examples representing text with typed arrays this example shows how to decode a chinese/japanese character , as represented by five different typed arrays: uint8array, int8array, uint16array, int16array, and int32array. ...
...ts a decoder for a specific text encoding, such as utf-8, iso-8859-2, koi8-r, gbk, etc. a decoder takes a stream of bytes as input and emits a stream of code points. examples representing text with typed arrays this example shows how to decode a chinese/japanese character , as represented by five different typed arrays: uint8array, int8array, uint16array, int16array, and int32array. ...
... specific text encoding, such as utf-8, iso-8859-2, koi8-r, gbk, etc. a decoder takes a stream of bytes as input and emits a stream of code points. examples representing text with typed arrays this example shows how to decode a chinese/japanese character , as represented by five different typed arrays: uint8array, int8array, uint16array, int16array, and int32array. ...
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String.prototype.codePointAt() - JavaScript
the codepointat() method returns a non-negative integer that is the unicode code point value. the source for this interactive example is stored in a github repository. if you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. syntax str.codepointat(pos) parameters pos position of an element in str to return the code point value from. return value a number representing the code point value of the character at the given pos. if there is no element at pos, returns undefined. description if there is no element at the specified position, undefined is returned. if no utf-16 surrogate pair begins at pos, the code unit at pos is returned. polyfill the following extends strings to include the ...
... return the code point value from. return value a number representing the code point value of the character at the given pos. if there is no element at pos, returns undefined. description if there is no element at the specified position, undefined is returned. if no utf-16 surrogate pair begins at pos, the code unit at pos is returned. polyfill the following extends strings to include the codepointat() function as specified in ecmascript 2015 for browsers without native support. ...
... the given pos. if there is no element at pos, returns undefined. description if there is no element at the specified position, undefined is returned. if no utf-16 surrogate pair begins at pos, the code unit at pos is returned. polyfill the following extends strings to include the codepointat() function as specified in ecmascript 2015 for browsers without native support. ...
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KeyboardEvent.code - Web APIs
the keyboardevent.code property represents a physical key on the keyboard (as opposed to the character generated by pressing the key). in other words, this property returns a value that isn't altered by keyboard layout or the state of the modifier keys. if the input device isn't a physical keyboard, but is instead a virtual keyboard or accessibility device, the returned value will be set by the browser to match as closely as possible to what would happen with a physical keyboard, to maximize compatibility between physical and virtual input devices. ...
...e, the returned value will be set by the browser to match as closely as possible to what would happen with a physical keyboard, to maximize compatibility between physical and virtual input devices. this property is useful when you want to handle keys based on their physical positions on the input device rather than the characters associated with those keys; this is especially common when writing code to handle input for games that simulate a gamepad-like environment using keys on the keyboard. be aware, however, that you can't use the value reported by keyboardevent.code to determine the character generated by the keystroke, because the keycode's name may not match the actual character that's printed on the key or that's generated by the computer when the key is pressed. for example, the cod...
...s on the keyboard. be aware, however, that you can't use the value reported by keyboardevent.code to determine the character generated by the keystroke, because the keycode's name may not match the actual character that's printed on the key or that's generated by the computer when the key is pressed. for example, the code returned is "keyq" for the q key on a qwerty layout keyboard, but the same code value also represents the ' key on dvorak keyboards and the a key on azerty keyboards. that makes it impossible to use the value of code to determine what the name of the key is to users if they're not using an anticipated keyboard layout. ...
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PerformanceResourceTiming.encodedBodySize - Web APIs
example the following example, the value of the size properties of all "resource" type events are logged. ...
...dysize read-only property represents the size (in octets) received from the fetch (http or cache), of the payload body, before removing any applied content-codings. note: this feature is available in web workers. if the resource is retrieved from an application cache or a local resource, it must return the size of the payload body before removing any applied content-codings. syntax resource.encodedbodysize; return value a number representing the size (in octets) received from the fetch (http or cache), of the payload body, before removing any applied content-codings. example the following example, the value of the size properties of all "resource" type events are logged. function log_sizes(perfentry){ // check for support of the performanceentry.*size properties and print their val...
...ber representing the size (in octets) received from the fetch (http or cache), of the payload body, before removing any applied content-codings. example the following example, the value of the size properties of all "resource" type events are logged. function log_sizes(perfentry){ // check for support of the performanceentry.*size properties and print their values // if supported. ...
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Unicode property escapes - JavaScript
unicode property escapes regular expressions allows for matching characters based on their unicode properties. a character is described by several properties which are either binary ("boolean-like") or non-binary. for instance, unicode property escapes can be used to match emojis, punctuations, letters (even letters from specific languages or scripts), etc. note: for unicode property escapes to work, a regular expression must use the u flag which indicates a string must be considered as a series of unicode code points. see also regexp.prototype.unicode. note: some unicode properties encompasses much more characters than some character classes (such as \w which matches only latin letters, a to z) but the latter is better supported among browsers (as of january 2020). syntax the follo...
...ts. see also regexp.prototype.unicode. note: some unicode properties encompasses much more characters than some character classes (such as \w which matches only latin letters, a to z) but the latter is better supported among browsers (as of january 2020). syntax the following section is also duplicated on this cheatsheet. do not forget to edit it as well, thanks! // non-binary values \p{unicodepropertyvalue} \p{unicodepropertyname=unicodepropertyvalue} // binary and non-binary values \p{unicodebinarypropertyname} // negation: \p is negated \p \p{unicodepropertyvalue} \p{unicodebinarypropertyname} general_category (gc) script (sc) script_extensions (scx) see also propertyvaluealiases.txt unicodebinarypropertyname the name of a binary property. e.g.: ascii, alpha, math, dia...
...e} // binary and non-binary values \p{unicodebinarypropertyname} // negation: \p is negated \p \p{unicodepropertyvalue} \p{unicodebinarypropertyname} general_category (gc) script (sc) script_extensions (scx) see also propertyvaluealiases.txt unicodebinarypropertyname the name of a binary property. e.g.: ascii, alpha, math, diacritic, emoji, hex_digit, math, white_space, etc. see unicode data proplist.txt for more info. unicodepropertyname the name of a non-binary property: unicodepropertyvalue one of the tokens listed in the values section, below. many values have aliases or shorthand (e.g. the value decimal_number for the general_category property may be written nd, digit, or decimal_number). for most values, the unicodepropertyname part and equals sign may be omitted. if a...
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nsIScriptableUnicodeConverter
this legacy api represents binary data using the lower haft of each 16-bit code unit in a javascript string. if the other apis you are reading data from or writing data to don't require you to use this legacy representation, you should use textdecoder and textencoder (available to chrome javascript via components.utils.importglobalproperties) instead of this api. intl/uconv/idl/nsiscriptableuconv.idlscriptable this interface is a unicode encoder for use by scripts. inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 1.8 (firefox 1.5 / thunderbird 1.5 / seamonkey 1.0) implemented by: @mozilla.org/intl/scriptableunicodeconverter. ...
...rties) instead of this api. intl/uconv/idl/nsiscriptableuconv.idlscriptable this interface is a unicode encoder for use by scripts. inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 1.8 (firefox 1.5 / thunderbird 1.5 / seamonkey 1.0) implemented by: @mozilla.org/intl/scriptableunicodeconverter. ...
...nterface is a unicode encoder for use by scripts. inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 1.8 (firefox 1.5 / thunderbird 1.5 / seamonkey 1.0) implemented by: @mozilla.org/intl/scriptableunicodeconverter. ...
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BaseAudioContext.decodeAudioData() - Web APIs
the decodeaudiodata() method of the baseaudiocontext interface is used to asynchronously decode audio file data contained in an arraybuffer. in this case the arraybuffer is loaded from xmlhttprequest and filereader. the decoded audiobuffer is resampled to the audiocontext's sampling rate, then passed to a callback or promise. this is the preferred method of creating an audio source for web audio api from an audio track. this method only works on complete file data, not fragments of audio file data. ...
... arraybuffer is loaded from xmlhttprequest and filereader. the decoded audiobuffer is resampled to the audiocontext's sampling rate, then passed to a callback or promise. this is the preferred method of creating an audio source for web audio api from an audio track. this method only works on complete file data, not fragments of audio file data. syntax older callback syntax: baseaudiocontext.decodeaudiodata(arraybuffer, successcallback, errorcallback); newer promise-based syntax: promise<decodeddata> baseaudiocontext.decodeaudiodata(arraybuffer); parameters arraybuffer an arraybuffer containing the audio data to be decoded, usually grabbed from xmlhttprequest, windoworworkerglobalscope.fetch() or filereader. successcallback a callback function to be invoked when the decoding succes...
...se<decodeddata> baseaudiocontext.decodeaudiodata(arraybuffer); parameters arraybuffer an arraybuffer containing the audio data to be decoded, usually grabbed from xmlhttprequest, windoworworkerglobalscope.fetch() or filereader. successcallback a callback function to be invoked when the decoding successfully finishes. the single argument to this callback is an audiobuffer representing the decodeddata (the decoded pcm audio data). usually you'll want to put the decoded data into an audiobuffersourcenode, from which it can be played and manipulated how you want. errorcallback an optional error callback, to be invoked if an error occurs when the audio data is being decoded. return value void, or a promise object that fulfills with the decodeddata. example in this section we will firs...
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PerformanceResourceTiming.decodedBodySize - Web APIs
the decodedbodysize read-only property returns the size (in octets) received from the fetch (http or cache) of the message body, after removing any applied content-codings. if the resource is retrieved from an application cache or local resources, it returns the size of the payload after removing any applied content-codings. note: this feature is available in web workers. syntax resource.decodedbodysize; return value the size (in octets) received from the fetch (http or cache) of the message body, after removing any applied content-codings. example the following example, the value of the size properties of all "resource" type events are logged. function log_sizes(perfentry){ // check for support of the *size properties and print their values // if supported. ...
...ce.decodedbodysize; return value the size (in octets) received from the fetch (http or cache) of the message body, after removing any applied content-codings. example the following example, the value of the size properties of all "resource" type events are logged. function log_sizes(perfentry){ // check for support of the *size properties and print their values // if supported. ...
... octets) received from the fetch (http or cache) of the message body, after removing any applied content-codings. example the following example, the value of the size properties of all "resource" type events are logged. function log_sizes(perfentry){ // check for support of the *size properties and print their values // if supported. ...
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TextEncoder - Web APIs
textencoder takes a stream of code points as input and emits a stream of utf-8 bytes. note: there is a polyfill implementation to support non-utf-8 text encodings on github. example const encoder = new textencoder() const view = encoder.encode('€') console.log(view); // uint8array(3) [226, 130, 172] constructor textencoder() returns a newly constructed textencoder that will generate a byte stream with utf-8 encoding. properties the textencoder interface doesn't inherit any property. textencoder.prototype.encodingread only always returns "utf-8". methods the textencoder interface doesn't inherit any method. textencoder.prototype.encode() takes a usvstring as input, and returns a uint8array containing utf-8 encoded text. ...
... polyfill the below polyfill is compliant with the standard and therefore only supports utf-8. ...
...at will generate a byte stream with utf-8 encoding. properties the textencoder interface doesn't inherit any property. textencoder.prototype.encodingread only always returns "utf-8". methods the textencoder interface doesn't inherit any method. textencoder.prototype.encode() takes a usvstring as input, and returns a uint8array containing utf-8 encoded text. textencoder.prototype.encodeinto() takes a usvstring to encode and a destination uint8array to put resulting utf-8 encoded text into, and returns a dictionary object indicating the progress of the encoding. this is potentially more performant than the older encode() method. polyfill the below polyfill is compliant with the standard and therefore only supports utf-8. it is designed to work in ie5 "out of the box". however...
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Components.isSuccessCode
summary determines whether a given xpcom return code (that is, an nsresult value) indicates the success or failure of an operation, returning true or false respectively. syntax var succeeded = components.issuccesscode(returncode); parameters returncode the return code (of type nsresult) to be checked. description components.issuccesscode() may be used to determine whether an xpcom return code (an nsresult) indicates success or failure. an xpcom return code indicates success if its high-order bit is 0, and it indicates failure if its high-order bit is 1. note: a non-zero xpcom return code (that is, not ns_ok) does not necessarily indicate failure. ...
...however, if you are using asynchronous apis, it may be essential. ...
...however, if you are using asynchronous apis, it may be essential. ...
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KeyboardEvent.charCode - Web APIs
the charcode read-only property of the keyboardevent interface returns the unicode value of a character key pressed during a keypress event. do not use this property, as it is deprecated. use the key property instead. syntax var code = event.charcode; return value a number that represents the unicode value of the character key that was pressed. ...
...property of the keyboardevent interface returns the unicode value of a character key pressed during a keypress event. do not use this property, as it is deprecated. use the key property instead. syntax var code = event.charcode; return value a number that represents the unicode value of the character key that was pressed. ...
...of the keyboardevent interface returns the unicode value of a character key pressed during a keypress event. do not use this property, as it is deprecated. use the key property instead. syntax var code = event.charcode; return value a number that represents the unicode value of the character key that was pressed. ...
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Solve common problems in your JavaScript code - Learn web development
correctly. ...
...sure you don't place any semi-colons incorrectly. for example: correct wrong elem.style.color = 'red'; elem.style.color = 'red;' functions there are a number of things that can go wrong with functions. one of the most common errors is to declare the function, but not call it anywhere. ...
... alert('this is my function.'); }; this code won't do anything unless you call it with the following statement: myfunction(); function scope remember that functions have their own scope — you can't access a variable value set inside a function from outside the function, unless you declared the variable globally (i.e. not inside any functions), or return the value from the function. running code after a return statement remember also that when you return from a function, the javascript interpreter exits the function — no code after the return statement will run. in fact, some browsers (like firefox) will give you an error message in the developer console if you have code after a return statement. firefox gives you "unreachable code after return statement". object notation versus nor...
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Contributing to the Mozilla code base
and/or html/css firefox developers documentation devtools javascript and/or html/css contribute to devtools add-ons javascript and/or html/css contribute to add-ons firefox focus for android java contribute to firefox focus for android firefox for fire tv java contribute to firefox for fire tv firefox preview (mobile browser, codename: "fenix") kotlin contribute to firefox preview firefox for ios swift contribute to firefox for ios firefox focus for ios swift contribute to firefox focus for ios mozilla hubs javascript and/or html/css, vr contribute to mozilla hubs servo rust contribute to servo there are even many ways to contribute to the mozilla mis...
... using the components list. browse this component on bugzilla for related bugs ask in our matrix channels : #introduction:mozilla.org or #developers:mozilla.org find a bug we've identified as a good fit for new contributors. with more than a million bugs filed in bugzilla, it can be hard to know where to start, so we've created these bug categories to make getting involved a little easier: codetribute - our site for finding bugs that are mentored, some are good first bugs, some are slightly harder. your mentor will help guide you with the bug fix and through the submission and landing process. good first bugs - are the best way to take your first steps into the mozilla ecosystem. they're all about small changes, sometimes as little as a few lines, but they're a great way to learn about...
...er. your mentor will help guide you with the bug fix and through the submission and landing process. good first bugs - are the best way to take your first steps into the mozilla ecosystem. they're all about small changes, sometimes as little as a few lines, but they're a great way to learn about setting up your development environment, navigating bugzilla, and making contributions to the mozilla codebase. visit firefox-dev.tools - we list firefox developer tools bugs for new contributors. student projects - are larger projects, such as might be suitable for a university student for credit. of course, if you are not a student, feel free to fix one of these bugs. we maintain two lists: one for projects based on the existing codebase, and one for implementing new applications. use a bug sear...
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Error codes returned by Mozilla APIs
an error will typically be displayed on the error console, but can be captured using a try-catch block in javascript. these constants can be accessed through components.results. for example, by using components.results.ns_error_not_initialized general errors the following errors are general and can occur when using any component. ns_error_not_initialized (0xc1f30001) an attempt was made to use a component or object which has not yet been initialized. ...
...use a value was set to null when this was not expected. ns_error_abort (0x80004004) this error indicates that an operation failed and the caller should abort whatever action is being performed. this typically will occur if an operation could not complete properly. ns_error_failure (0x80004005) this is the most general of all the errors and occurs for all errors for which a more specific error code does not apply. ns_error_unexpected (0x8000ffff) an operation did not complete due to a condition which was not expected. this error occurred rather than continuing. ns_error_out_of_memory (0x8007000e) this error occurs when there is not enough memory available to carry out an operation, or an error occurred trying to allocate memory. ns_error_illegal_value (0x80070057) an argument supplied...
...eady been closed. ns_base_stream_oserror (0x80470003) this error occurs when an operating system error occurs. currently, this error only occurs when a file stream is closed. ns_base_stream_illegal_args (0x80470004) ns_base_stream_no_converter (0x80470005) ns_base_stream_bad_conversion (0x80470006) this error occurs when the component nsistringbundleservice has been set with a badly encoded property file. try using utf-8 encoding instead. see nsistringbundle. ns_base_stream_would_block (0x80470007) this error occurs when an attempt is made to read from a non blocking stream yet there is not enough data available to read without waiting for more. document and node errors the following errors can occur when using documents, nodes and elements. ns_error_dom_index_size_err (0x8...
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String.fromCharCode() - JavaScript
the static string.fromcharcode() method returns a string created from the specified sequence of utf-16 code units. the source for this interactive example is stored in a github repository. if you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. syntax string.fromcharcode(num1[, ...[, numn]]) parameters num1, ..., numn a sequence of numbers that are utf-16 code units. the range is between 0 and 65535 (0xffff). numbers greater than 0xffff are truncated. no validity checks are performed. return value a string of length n consisting of the n specified utf-16 code units. description this method returns a string and not a string object. ...
...rcode(num1[, ...[, numn]]) parameters num1, ..., numn a sequence of numbers that are utf-16 code units. the range is between 0 and 65535 (0xffff). numbers greater than 0xffff are truncated. no validity checks are performed. return value a string of length n consisting of the n specified utf-16 code units. description this method returns a string and not a string object. because fromcharcode() is a static method of string, you always use it as string.fromcharcode(), rather than as a method of a string object you created. returning supplementary characters in utf-16, the most common characters can be represented by a single 16-bit value (i.e. a code unit). ...
...a valid combination of two surrogates used to represent a supplementary character is known as a surrogate pair. ...
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Loading and running WebAssembly code - WebAssembly
webassembly is not yet integrated with <script type='module'> or es2015 import statements, thus there is not a path to have the browser fetch modules for you using imports. ...
... there is not a path to have the browser fetch modules for you using imports. the older webassembly.compile/webassembly.instantiate methods require you to create an arraybuffer containing your webassembly module binary after fetching the raw bytes, and then compile/instantiate it. this is analogous to new function(string), except that we are substituting a string of characters (javascript source code) with an array buffer of bytes (webassembly source code). the newer webassembly.compilestreaming/webassembly.instantiatestreaming methods are a lot more efficient — they perform their actions directly on the raw stream of bytes coming from the network, cutting out the need for the arraybuffer step. so how do we get those bytes into an array buffer and compiled? the following sections explain.
...and compiled? the following sections explain. using fetch fetch is a convenient, modern api for fetching network resources. ...
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Building Firefox with Rust code - Archive of obsolete content
our goal is to always ship a firefox release build with a stable rust toolchain release. ...
...our goal is to always ship a firefox release build with a stable rust toolchain release. ...
...fox release build with a stable rust toolchain release. if you don't have rust already, use the rustup tool to install it and update as new releases become available, or use the ./mach bootstrap command. the build system will generate a special 'rust unified library' crate, compiled to a static library (libgkrust.a) which is in turn linked into xul, so all public symbols will be available to c++ code. ...
...And 4 more matches

imgIEncoder
modules/libpr0n/public/imgiencoder.idlscriptable please add a summary to this article. ...
...lease add a summary to this article. ...
...eam last changed in gecko 1.9 (firefox 3) method overview void addimageframe( [array, size_is(length), const] in pruint8 data, in unsigned long length, in pruint32 width, in pruint32 height, in pruint32 stride, in pruint32 frameformat, in astring frameoptions); void encodeclipboardimage(in nsiclipboardimage aclipboardimage, out nsifile aimagefile); obsolete since gecko 1.9 void endimageencode(); void initfromdata([array, size_is(length), const] in pruint8 data, in unsigned long length, in pruint32 width, in pruint32 height, in pruint32 stride, in pruint32 inputformat, in astring outputoptions); void startimageencode(in pruint32 width, in pruint32 height, in pruint32 inputformat, in astring outputoptions); constants possible values for input format (note that not all image fo...
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RTCRtpTransceiver.setCodecPreferences() - Web APIs
the rtcrtptransceiver method setcodecpreferences() configures the transceiver's codecs given a list of rtcrtpcodeccapability objects specifying the new preferences for each codec. the specified set of codecs and configurations will be used for all future connections including this transceiver until this method is called again. when preparing to open an rtcpeerconnection, you can change the codec parameters from the user agent's default configuration by calling setcodecparameters() before calling either rtcpeerconnection.createoffer() or createanswer(). a guide to codecs supported by webrtc—and each codec's positive and negative characteristics—can be found in codecs used by webrtc. ...
.... when preparing to open an rtcpeerconnection, you can change the codec parameters from the user agent's default configuration by calling setcodecparameters() before calling either rtcpeerconnection.createoffer() or createanswer(). a guide to codecs supported by webrtc—and each codec's positive and negative characteristics—can be found in codecs used by webrtc. syntax rtcrtptransceiver.setcodecpreferences(codecs) parameters codecs an array of rtcrtpcodeccapability objects, in order of preference, each providing the parameters for one of the transceiver's supported codecs. if codecs is empty, the codec configurations are all returned to the user agent's defaults. note: any codecs not included in codecs will not be considered during the process of negotiating a connection. this ...
...ters codecs an array of rtcrtpcodeccapability objects, in order of preference, each providing the parameters for one of the transceiver's supported codecs. if codecs is empty, the codec configurations are all returned to the user agent's defaults. note: any codecs not included in codecs will not be considered during the process of negotiating a connection. this lets you prevent the use of codecs you don't wish to use. return value undefined exceptions invalidaccesserror the codecs list includes one or more codecs which are not supported by the transceiver. usage notes getting a list of supported codecs you can only include in the codecs list codecs which the transceiver actually supports. that means that either the associated rtcrtpsender or the rtcrtpreceiver needs to su...
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Canvas code snippets - Archive of obsolete content
this can be very useful to compare for example if a user has painted over another area as explained in this blog post. ...
... saving a canvas image to a file the following function accepts a canvas object and a destination file path string. the canvas is converted to a png file and saved to the specified location. the function returns a promise which resolves when the file has been completely s...
... saving a canvas image to a file the following function accepts a canvas object and a destination file path string. the canvas is converted to a png file and saved to the specified location. the function returns a promise which resolves when the file has been completely saved. function savecanvas(canvas...
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Bytecodes
a frame on the stack has space for javascript values (the tagged value format) in a few different categories. ...
...a frame on the stack has space for javascript values (the tagged value format) in a few different categories. ...
...a frame on the stack has space for javascript values (the tagged value format) in a few different categories. ...
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JS_EncodeCharacters
obsolete since jsapi 19this feature is obsolete. although it may still work in some browsers, its use is discouraged since it could be removed at any time. try to avoid using it. convert a 16-bit string to an 8-bit string. syntax jsbool js_encodecharacters(jscontext *cx, const jschar *src, size_t srclen, char *dst, size_t *dstlen); name type description cx jscontext * a context. src const jschar * the pointer to 16-bit values of jsstring. this can be obtained with js_getstringchars. srclen size_t the length of the source string, in 16-bit values. dst const char * the pointer to an array of bytes to be filled with encoded characters; or null. the caller is responsible for allocating an...
...er is responsible for allocating and freeing this buffer. dstlenp size_t * in/out parameter. on entry, if dst is non-null, *dstlenp must be the length of the destination string in 16-bit units. on success, *dstlenp receives the length of the converted string, in bytes. on failure, *dstlenp receives the number of bytes written to dst before the error occurred. description js_encodecharacters copies the characters of a jschar array into a char array, converting the 16-bit values to 8-bit values. if spidermonkey was built with js_c_strings_are_utf8 defined or js_setcstringsareutf8 was called, the string is converted to utf-8. otherwise each character is simply truncated to 8 bits. if utf-8 is turned on, the length of the encoded string may vary. to calculate the number of b...
...haracters of a jschar array into a char array, converting the 16-bit values to 8-bit values. if spidermonkey was built with js_c_strings_are_utf8 defined or js_setcstringsareutf8 was called, the string is converted to utf-8. otherwise each character is simply truncated to 8 bits. if utf-8 is turned on, the length of the encoded string may vary. to calculate the number of bytes needed, call js_encodecharacters twice, like this: /* determine how many bytes to allocate. ...
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BlobEvent.timecode - Web APIs
working draft initial definition. browser compatibility the compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. ...
... working draft initial definition. browser compatibility the compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. ...
... working draft initial definition. browser compatibility the compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. ...
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KeyboardEvent: code values - Web APIs
the following tables show what code values are used for each native scancode or virtual keycode on major platforms. the reason is that some browsers choose to interpret physical keys differently, there are some differences in which keys map to which codes. these tables show those variations when known. code values code values on windows this table shows the windows scan codes representing keys and the keyboardevent.code values which correspond to those hardware keys. only keys which generate scan codes on windows are listed. ...
...erpret physical keys differently, there are some differences in which keys map to which codes. these tables show those variations when known. code values code values on windows this table shows the windows scan codes representing keys and the keyboardevent.code values which correspond to those hardware keys. only keys which generate scan codes on windows are listed. ...
... differently, there are some differences in which keys map to which codes. these tables show those variations when known. code values code values on windows this table shows the windows scan codes representing keys and the keyboardevent.code values which correspond to those hardware keys. only keys which generate scan codes on windows are listed. ...
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Writing Web Audio API code that works in every browser - Developer guides
more, as a result of the spec being still in flux, some browsers use deprecated properties and method names that are not present in standards-compliant browsers: safari uses the old method names, firefox uses the new ones, and chrome and opera use both. in addition, not all features of web audio are already implemented in firefox yet. what do we do!? we don't want to maintain two or more separate code bases, and feature detection code is cumbersome! plus we want to write code that reliably works in the future, or at least, works with a minimum amount of changes. is there a way to satisfy all these constraints at the same time? probably! writing for today (and tomorrow) first, get a copy of audiocontext-monkeypatch by chris wilson. this little library will "normalise" the interfaces for you and...
...and it won't do anything if the unprefixed versions are already present. once you include it in your page, you can write in "modern web audio api" style, and do things such as: var audiocontext = new audiocontext(); everywhere, including chrome/ium, opera, safari, and ---of course!--- firefox. ...
...an write in "modern web audio api" style, and do things such as: var audiocontext = new audiocontext(); everywhere, including chrome/ium, opera, safari, and ---of course!--- firefox. also, if new methods such as start are not detected in some nodes, the library will also alias them to their old names. thus, start is mapped to noteon, stop to noteoff, and so on. ...
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The Unicode Bidirectional Text Algorithm - Developer guides
understanding this algorithm in at least basic terms is helpful when you're striving to produce localization-ready web content or apps. in this guide, we'll take a look at the bidi algorithm and learn in general what it does and how it applies to your content, so that you'll be better prepared when using the features of html and css to which the algorithm applies while determining the order and directionality of text during rendering. ...
...ity of text during rendering. fundamentals (base direction, character types, etc) the algorithm character level directionality directional runs (what they are, how base direction applies) handling neutral characters overriding the algorithm content about using html and css to override the default behavior of the algorithm; include info about isolating ranges etc. ...
.... fundamentals (base direction, character types, etc) the algorithm character level directionality directional runs (what they are, how base direction applies) handling neutral characters overriding the algorithm content about using html and css to override the default behavior of the algorithm; include info about isolating ranges etc. ...
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Unicode - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
for example, one character set would store japanese characters, and another would store the arabic alphabet. if it was not clearly marked which parts of the data were in which character set, other programs and computers would display the text incorrectly, or damage it during processing. ...
...for example, one character set would store japanese characters, and another would store the arabic alphabet. if it was not clearly marked which parts of the data were in which character set, other programs and computers would display the text incorrectly, or damage it during processing. ...
...her would store the arabic alphabet. if it was not clearly marked which parts of the data were in which character set, other programs and computers would display the text incorrectly, or damage it during processing. ...
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NSS Sample Code Sample_3_Basic Encryption and MACing
nss sample code 3: basic encryption and macing this example program demonstrates how to encrypt and mac a file. ...
... nss sample code 3: basic encryption and macing this example program demonstrates how to encrypt and mac a file. ...
...2.0. if a copy of the mpl was not distributed with this * file, you can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/mpl/2.0/. */ /* nspr headers */ #include <prthread.h> #include <plgetopt.h> #include <prerror.h> #include <prinit.h> #include <prlog.h> #include <prtypes.h> #include <plstr.h> /* * gather a cka_id */ secstatus gathercka_id(...
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NSS Sample Code sample5
nss sample code 5: pki encryption with a raw public & private key in der format /* example code to illustrate pki crypto ops (encrypt with public key, * decrypt with private key) * * no nss db needed. the public key & private key to use are * sourced from a base64-encoded der subjectpublickeyinfo structure, * and a base64-encoded der privatekeyinfo structure. * * there is no attempt to link the public & private key together * * this example does not do any padding. it simply encrypts/decrypts a block * of length equal to modulus length of the public/private key. ...
...re * sourced from a base64-encoded der subjectpublickeyinfo structure, * and a base64-encoded der privatekeyinfo structure. * * there is no attempt to link the public & private key together * * this example does not do any padding. it simply encrypts/decrypts a block * of length equal to modulus length of the public/private key. ...
...vate key together * * this example does not do any padding. it simply encrypts/decrypts a block * of length equal to modulus length of the public/private key. ...
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JS_EncodeStringToBuffer
this article covers features introduced in spidermonkey 1.8.5 convert a javascript string to a c string. syntax size_t js_encodestringtobuffer(jscontext *cx, jsstring *str, char *buffer, size_t length); name type description cx jscontext * a context. requires request. in a js_threadsafe build, the caller must be in a request on this jscontext. str jsstring * a string to encode. buffer char * a character buffer to receive encoded string. length size_t the size of buffer in bytes. description js_encodestringtobuffer converts the specified javascript str to a c string (an array of 8-bit chars) and fills the specified buffer with up to length bytes of the string. it returns the length of the whole stri...
... char * a character buffer to receive encoded string. length size_t the size of buffer in bytes. description js_encodestringtobuffer converts the specified javascript str to a c string (an array of 8-bit chars) and fills the specified buffer with up to length bytes of the string. it returns the length of the whole string encoding or (size_t)-1 if the string can't be encoded as bytes. if the returned value is greater than the length you specified, the string was truncated. to encode to utf8, use js::getdeflatedutf8stringlength and js::deflatestringtoutf8buffer instead. ...
...nd fills the specified buffer with up to length bytes of the string. it returns the length of the whole string encoding or (size_t)-1 if the string can't be encoded as bytes. if the returned value is greater than the length you specified, the string was truncated. to encode to utf8, use js::getdeflatedutf8stringlength and js::deflatestringtoutf8buffer instead. ...
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Mailnews and Mail code review requirements
mailnews and mail review rules patches affecting thunderbird user experience or interfaces note: it is recommended that when working on bugs that affect user experience or interfaces, that ui-review is obtained at an early stage in the patch development process. ...
... mailnews and mail review rules patches affecting thunderbird user experience or interfaces note: it is recommended that when working on bugs that affect user experience or interfaces, that ui-review is obtained at an early stage in the patch development process. ...
... mailnews and mail review rules patches affecting thunderbird user experience or interfaces note: it is recommended that when working on bugs that affect user experience or interfaces, that ui-review is obtained at an early stage in the patch development process. ...
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DOMException.code - Web APIs
candidate recommendation browser compatibility the compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. if you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request. ...
... candidate recommendation browser compatibility the compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. if you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request. ...
... candidate recommendation browser compatibility the compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. if you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request. ...
...And 2 more matches

HTMLImageElement.decode() - Web APIs
return value a promise which is resolved once the image data is ready to be used. exceptions encodingerror a domexception indicating that an error occurred while decoding the image. ...
...he dom. this can be used to initiate loading of the image prior to attaching it to an element in the dom (or adding it to the dom as a new element), so that the image can be rendered immediately upon being added to the dom. this, in turn, prevents the rendering of the next frame after adding the image to the dom from causing a delay while the image loads. ...
...g of the next frame after adding the image to the dom from causing a delay while the image loads. syntax var promise = htmlimageelement.decode(); parameters none. return value a promise which is resolved once the image data is ready to be used. exceptions encodingerror a domexception indicating that an error occurred while decoding the image. usage notes one potential use case for decode(): when loading very large images (for example, in an online photo album), you can present a low resolution thumbnail image initially and then replace that image with the full-resolution image by instantiating a new htmlimageelement, setting its source to the full-resolution image's url, then using decode() to get a promise which is resolved once the full-resolution image is ready for use. at tha...
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TextDecoder() - Web APIs
the textdecoder() constructor returns a newly created textdecoder object for the encoding specified in parameter. if the value for utflabel is unknown, or is one of the two values leading to a 'replacement' decoding algorithm ( "iso-2022-cn" or "iso-2022-cn-ext"), a domexception with the "typeerror" value is thrown. syntax decoder = new textdecoder(utflabel, options); parameters utflabeloptional is a domstring, defaulting to "utf-8", containing the label of the encoder. ...
... algorithm ( "iso-2022-cn" or "iso-2022-cn-ext"), a domexception with the "typeerror" value is thrown. syntax decoder = new textdecoder(utflabel, options); parameters utflabeloptional is a domstring, defaulting to "utf-8", containing the label of the encoder. ...
... 'iso-2022-jp' "csshiftjis", "ms_kanji", "shift-jis", "shift_jis", "sjis", "windows-31j", "x-sjis" 'shift-jis' "cseuckr", "csksc56011987", "euc-kr", "iso-ir-149", "korean", "ks_c_5601-1987", "ks_c_5601-1989", "ksc5601...
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unicode-range - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the unicode-range css descriptor sets the specific range of characters to be used from a font defined by @font-face and made available for use on the current page. if the page doesn't use any character in this range, the font is not downloaded; if it uses at least one, the whole font is downloaded. syntax /* <unicode-range> values */ unicode-range: u+26; /* single codepoint */ unicode-range: u+0-7f; unicode-range: u+0025-00ff; /* codepoint range */ unicode-range: u+4??; /* wildcard range */ unicode-range: u+0025-00ff, u+4??; /* multiple values */ values single codepoint a single unicode character code point, for example u+26. codepoint range a range of unicode code points. so for example, u+0025-00ff means include all characters in the range u+0025 ...
... description the purpose of this descriptor is to allow the font resources to be segmented so that a browser only needs to download the font resource needed for the text content of a particular page. ...
... description the purpose of this descriptor is to allow the font resources to be segmented so that a browser only needs to download the font resource needed for the text content of a particular page. ...
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unicode-bidi - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
the unicode-bidi css property, together with the direction property, determines how bidirectional text in a document is handled. for example, if a block of content contains both left-to-right and right-to-left text, the user-agent uses a complex unicode algorithm to decide how to display the text. the unicode-bidi property overrides this algorithm and allows the developer to control the text embedding. the unicode-bidi and direction properties are the only properties that are not affected by the all shorthand. note: this property is intended for document type definition (dtd) designers. web designers and similar authors should not override it. ...
...o display the text. the unicode-bidi property overrides this algorithm and allows the developer to control the text embedding. the unicode-bidi and direction properties are the only properties that are not affected by the all shorthand. note: this property is intended for document type definition (dtd) designers. web designers and similar authors should not override it. /* keyword values */ unicode-bidi: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: isolate; unicode-bidi: bidi-override; unicode-bidi: isolate-override; unicode-bidi: plaintext; /* global values */ unicode-bidi: inherit; unicode-bidi: initial; unicode-bidi: unset; syntax values normal the element does not offer an additional level of embedding with respect to the bidirectional algorithm. for inline elements, implicit reorde...
...his keyword applies the isolation behavior of the isolate keyword to the surrounding content and the override behavior of the bidi-override keyword to the inner content. plaintext this keyword makes the elements directionality calculated without considering its parent bidirectional state or the value of the direction property. the directionality is calculated using the p2 and p3 rules of the unicode bidirectional algorithm. this value allows the display of data that is already formatted using a tool following the unicode bidirectional algorithm. formal definition initial valuenormalapplies toall elements, though some values have no effect on non-inline elementsinheritednocomputed valueas specifiedanimation typediscrete formal syntax normal | embed | isolate | bidi-override | isolate-ov...
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decodeURIComponent() - JavaScript
the decodeuricomponent() function decodes a uniform resource identifier (uri) component previously created by encodeuricomponent or by a similar routine. the source for this interactive example is stored in a github repository. if you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. syntax decodeuricomponent(encodeduri) parameters encodeduri an encoded component of a uniform resource identifier. return value a new string representing the decoded version of the given encoded uniform resource identifier (uri) component. exceptions throws an urierror ("malformed uri sequence") exception when used wrongly. ...
...request. syntax decodeuricomponent(encodeduri) parameters encodeduri an encoded component of a uniform resource identifier. return value a new string representing the decoded version of the given encoded uniform resource identifier (uri) component. exceptions throws an urierror ("malformed uri sequence") exception when used wrongly. description replaces each escape sequence in the encoded uri component with the character that it represents. ...
...rm resource identifier. return value a new string representing the decoded version of the given encoded uniform resource identifier (uri) component. exceptions throws an urierror ("malformed uri sequence") exception when used wrongly. description replaces each escape sequence in the encoded uri component with the character that it represents. ...
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Forms related code snippets - Archive of obsolete content
here are some <form> related code snippets. date picker (before implementing it in a working environment, please read the note about the const statement compatibility) <!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>datepicker example - mdn</title> <script type="text/javascript"> /*\ |*| |*| datepicker example mdndeveloper network |*| |*| https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/code_snippets/forms |*| https://developer.mozilla.org/user:fusionchess |*| |*| this snippet is released under the gnu public license, version 3 or later. |*| http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0-standalone.html |*| \*/ (function () { function datepicker (otarget) { const otable = document.createelement("table"), ohrow = document.createelemen...
...n the preview of internet explorer 10. const is going to be defined by ecmascript 6, but with different semantics. similar to variables declared with the let statement, constants declared with const will be block-scoped. we used it only for didactic purpose. if you want a full browser compatibility of this library, please replace all the const statements with the var statements. ...
... going to be defined by ecmascript 6, but with different semantics. similar to variables declared with the let statement, constants declared with const will be block-scoped. we used it only for didactic purpose. if you want a full browser compatibility of this library, please replace all the const statements with the var statements. ...
...nsert some html tags or smiles or any custom text in a textarea. image preview before upload the filereader.prototype.readasdataurl() method can be useful, for example, to get a preview of an image before uploading it.[article] this example shows how to use it in this way. note: the filereader() constructor was not supported by internet explorer for versions before 10. for a full compatibility code you can see our crossbrowser possible solution for image preview. filter the digitation into a form field this example shows the use of the onkeypress event during a digitation into a form field in order to match some rules. ...

Code Samples - Archive of obsolete content
change the first line to specify the file that you want to launch. you can launch an executable file or some other file that your operating system knows how to open. note: on operating systems that use backslash characters, double each backslash character. on operating systems that use forward-slash characters, specify the file in the normal way. ...
...sh characters, double each backslash character. on operating systems that use forward-slash characters, specify the file in the normal way. const path = "c:\\windows\\charmap.exe" var file = components .classes["@mozilla.org/file/local;1"] .createinstance(components.interfaces.nsilocalfile) file.initwithpath(path) file.launch() open a web page if your button is in firefox or seamonkey, use code like this to open a web page. change the first line to specify the page that you want to open: const url = "http://www.mozilla.org/" document .getelementbyid("content") .webnavigation .loaduri(url, 0, null, null, null) if your button is in thunderbird or sunbird, use code like this to open a web page. change the first line to specify the page that you want to open: const url = "http://www...
...otherwise it opens the window: const name = "...internal name of the window..." const uri = "...chrome uri of the window..." var w = components ...
...= url components .classes["@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-protocol-service;1"] .getservice(components.interfaces.nsiexternalprotocolservice) .loadurl(uri) compose an e-mail to compose an e-mail, use the same code as in the section open a web page above. change the first line to specify: const url = "mailto://" open an application window to open one of the application's windows, use code like this. if the window already exists, this code just focusses it. otherwise it opens the window: const name = "...internal name of the window..." const uri = "...chrome uri of the window..." var w = components .classes["@mozilla.org/appshell/window-mediator;1"] .getservice(components.interfaces.nsiwindowmediator) .getmostrecentwindow(name) if (w) w.focus() else components .classes["@...

Codec - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
a codec (a blend word derived from "coder-decoder") is a program, algorithm, or device that encodes or decodes a data stream. a given codec knows how to handle a specific encoding or compression technology. ...
... a codec (a blend word derived from "coder-decoder") is a program, algorithm, or device that encodes or decodes a data stream. a given codec knows how to handle a specific encoding or compression technology. ...
... a codec (a blend word derived from "coder-decoder") is a program, algorithm, or device that encodes or decodes a data stream. a given codec knows how to handle a specific encoding or compression technology. ...
... a codec (a blend word derived from "coder-decoder") is a program, algorithm, or device that encodes or decodes a data stream. a given codec knows how to handle a specific encoding or compression technology. ...

The Firefox codebase: CSS Guidelines
this document contains guidelines defining how css inside the firefox codebase should be written, it is notably relevant for firefox front-end engineers. basics here are some basic tips that can optimize reviews if you are changing css: avoid !important but if you have to use it, make sure it's obvious why you're using it (ideally with a comment). the overriding css section contains more information about this. avoid magic numbers; prefer automatic sizing or alignment methods. some examples to avoid: absolutely positioned elements hardcoded values such as: vertical-align: -2px; . the reason you should avoid such "hardcoded" values is that, they don't necessarily work for all font-size configurations. avoid setting styles in javascript. it's generally better to set a cla...
... reused with or without changes. most of the time, the common component already follows the a11y/theme standards defined in this guide. so, when possible, always prefer editing common components to writing your own. also, it is good practice to introduce a common class when the new element you are styling reuses some styles from another element, this allows the maintenance cost and the amount of code duplication to be reduced. formatting spacing & indentation 2 spaces indentation is preferred add a space after each comma, except within color functions: linear-gradient(to bottom, black 1px, rgba(255,255,255,0.2) 1px) always add a space before !important. omit units on 0 values do this: margin: 0; not this: margin: 0px; use expanded syntax it is often harder to unde...
...olor: red; not this: border: red; put multiple selectors on different lines do this: h1, h2, h3 { font-family: sans-serif; text-align: center; } not this: h1, h2, h3 { font-family: sans-serif; text-align: center; } naming standards for class names lower-case-with-dashes is the most common. but camelcase is also used sometimes. try to follow the style of existing or related code. other tips assume ="true" in attribute selectors. example: use option[checked], not option[checked="true"]. avoid id selectors unless it is really the wanted goal, since ids have higher specificity and therefore are harder to override. using descendant selectors is good practice for performance when possible: for example: .autocomplete-item[selected] > .autocomplete-item...
...refore are harder to override. using descendant selectors is good practice for performance when possible: for example: .autocomplete-item[selected] > .autocomplete-item-title would be more efficient than .autocomplete-item[selected] .autocomplete-item-title overriding css before overriding any css rules, check whether overriding is really needed. sometimes, when copy-pasting older code, it happens that the code in question contains unnecessary overrides. this could be because the css that it was overriding got removed in the meantime. in this case, simply dropping the override should work. it is also good practice to look at whether the rule you are overriding is still needed: maybe the ux spec for the component has changed and that rule can actually be updated or removed. whe...

Working with Mozilla source code
the articles below will help you get your hands on the mozilla source code, learn to navigate the code, and how to get the changes you propose checked into the tree. getting a pre-configured mozilla build system virtual machine this is the easiest way to get started: use a virtualbox virtual machine which is already configured with a complete build environment for you to use. just boot the vm and build! viewing and searching mozilla source code online learn how to use searchfox, mozilla's online search and browsing tool for accessing the source code. this isn't a good way to download the code, but is a great way to search it. navigating the mozilla source code learn about the various folders in the mozilla source tree, and how to find what you're looking for. bugs for newco...
... svg cleanup guide guidelines and best practices for shipping new svgs. try servers mozilla products build on at least three platforms. ...
...e various folders in the mozilla source tree, and how to find what you're looking for. bugs for newcomers if you are new to the project and want something to work on, look here. interface development guide guidelines and documentation for how to create and update xpcom interfaces. the firefox codebase: css guidelines this document contains guidelines defining how css inside the firefox codebase should be written, it is notably relevant for firefox front-end engineers. ...
...codebase should be written, it is notably relevant for firefox front-end engineers. svg cleanup guide guidelines and best practices for shipping new svgs. try servers mozilla products build on at least three platforms. if you don't have access to them all, you can use the try servers to test your patches and make sure the tests pass. creating a patch once you've made a change to the mozilla code, the next step (after making sure it works) is to create a patch and submit it for review. this article needs to be updated fully for mercurial. getting commit access to the source code feel ready to join the few, the proud, the committers? find out how to get check-in access to the mozilla code. ...

JavaScript code modules
note: these are not the same thing as standard javascript modules. see export and import to learn more about how to use standard modules. javascript code modules let multiple privileged javascript scopes share code. for example, a module could be used by firefox itself as well as by extensions, in order to avoid code duplication. general topics using javascript code modules an introduction to how to use javascript code modules. components.utils.import how to import a javascript code module. components.utils.unload how to unload a javascript code module. code snippets: modules examples of how to use code modules. mozilla labs js modules this page features a list of javascript modules, along with download links and documentation, that extension developers can use in the...
...o how to use javascript code modules. components.utils.import how to import a javascript code module. components.utils.unload how to unload a javascript code module. code snippets: modules examples of how to use code modules. mozilla labs js modules this page features a list of javascript modules, along with download links and documentation, that extension developers can use in their code. standard code modules addonmanager.jsm an interface to install, manage, and uninstall add-ons. addonrepository.jsm provides a search of add-ons in the repository. assert.jsm implements the commonjs unit testing specification version 1.1, which provides a basic standardized interface for performing in-code logical assertions with optional, customizable error reporting. bookmarkhtml...
... customizableui.jsm allows you to interact with customizable buttons and items in firefox's main window ui. deferredtask.jsm run a task after a delay. ...
...he downloading capabilities of the platform. fileutils.jsm provides helpers for dealing with files. geometry.jsm provides routines for performing basic geometric operations on points and rectangles. http.jsm a wrapper for xmlhttprequest that provides convenient and simplified api for dealing with http requests. jni.jsm abstracts the js-ctypes to provide an interface that allows javascript code to call code running in native jvms. iso8601dateutils.jsm provides routines to convert between javascript date objects and iso 8601 date strings. log.jsm (formerly log4moz) provides a log4j style api for logging, log messages to various endpoints, such as the browser console or a file on disk. netutil.jsm provides helpful networking utility functions, including the ability to easily c...

Writing localizable code
this page tells you about best practices and guidelines when dealing with ui code with respect to localization. it is aimed at mozilla and extension developers. for technical details please also look at xul_tutorial:localization. about localizers a few notes about localizers for developers who rarely deal with them: localizers like tools, and they don't like editors, localization tools are often based on key-value pairs, at least some localizers have their talents focused on language skills and are not savvy in programming, or even building applications. ...
...bout localizers for developers who rarely deal with them: localizers like tools, and they don't like editors, localization tools are often based on key-value pairs, at least some localizers have their talents focused on language skills and are not savvy in programming, or even building applications. guidelines thus, there are a few guidelines you should follow to make localization of your code easier: choose good key names the names chosen for your keys (regardless of whether that's a dtd or a properties file) should be descriptive. think of them as long variable names. if you change the semantics of a localized string, change the key. this will more likely be a good key name, and it will help tools to pick up that the change you do is different from just a spell fix. try not to...
...r macros the use of #if #else #endif or #expand is strongly discouraged. there are few exceptions to this rule, but in general, the localized file should comply with standards and should not require build tools to be transformed. if you want to add build processing to localized files, be sure to request feedback from l10n@. in most cases, you can just as well put the processing into the content code and reference different key-value pairs in l10n. use a good source directory structure be sure to put the localizable files in the right place. the addition of new top-level directories is a compromise between module ownership in the cvsroot repository and the ease of localization. use a good chrome directory structure for a particular module mod, a target path jar:ab-cd.jar!/locale/ab-cd...
...mise between module ownership in the cvsroot repository and the ease of localization. use a good chrome directory structure for a particular module mod, a target path jar:ab-cd.jar!/locale/ab-cd/mod/foo.dtd has been widely tested and is a good place for your files referenced as chrome://mod/locale/foo.dtd. using a directory structure like this eases the localization process without the source code and is especcially recommended to extension authors. jar manifests can make this easy. l10n impact on frozen trees, there is the rule to not check in l10n-impact changes. so what does that mean? l10n-impact is any change to mozilla/@mod@/locales; localizers find out if they have to catch up on changes by doing bonsai queries, just as everybody else does. no change means that this query result...

NSS Sample Code Sample1
this is an example program that demonstrates how to do key generation and transport between cooperating servers. this program shows the following: rsa key pair generation naming rsa key pairs looking up a previously generated key pair by name creating aes and mac keys (or encryption and mac keys in general) wrapping symmetric keys using your own rsa key pair so that they can be stored on disk or in a database. ...
...a way to store large numbers of symmetric keys wrapping symmetric keys using an rsa key from another server unwrapping keys using your own rsa key pair the main part of the program shows a typical sequence of events for two servers that are trying to extablish a shared key pair. we will add message protection (encryption and macing) examples to this program in the future. sample code #include <iostream.h> #include "pk11pub.h" #include "keyhi.h" #include "nss.h" // key management for keys share among multiple hosts // // this example shows how to use nss functions to create and // distribute keys that need to be shared among multiple servers // or hosts. // // the management scheme assumes that one host is primary. it // generates the secret keys that will be used by all par...
...et_key_gen, 0, 160/8, 0); if (!key) { rv = 1; goto mac_done; } rv = wrapkey(key, pubkey, &mwrappedmackey); mac_done: if (key) pk11_freesymkey(key); } done: if (slot) pk11_freeslot(slot); return rv; } int server::exportpublickey(secitem **pubkeydata) { int rv = 0; seckeypublickey *pubkey = 0; rv = getpublickey(&pubkey); if (rv) goto done; *pubkeydata = seckey_encodedersubjectpublickeyinfo(pubkey); if (!*pubkeydata) { rv = 1; goto done; } done: if (pubkey) seckey_destroypublickey(pubkey); return rv; } int server::exportkeys(secitem *pubkeydata, secitem **wrappedenckey, secitem **wrappedmackey) { int rv; certsubjectpublickeyinfo *keyinfo = 0; seckeypublickey *pubkey = 0; secitem *data = 0; // make sure the keys are availa...
...v; } int server::exportkeys(secitem *pubkeydata, secitem **wrappedenckey, secitem **wrappedmackey) { int rv; certsubjectpublickeyinfo *keyinfo = 0; seckeypublickey *pubkey = 0; secitem *data = 0; // make sure the keys are available (server running) if (!menckey || !mmackey) { rv = 1; goto done; } // import the public key of the other server keyinfo = seckey_decodedersubjectpublickeyinfo(pubkeydata); if (!keyinfo) { rv = 1; goto done; } pubkey = seckey_extractpublickey(keyinfo); if (!pubkey) { rv = 1; goto done; } // export the encryption key rv = wrapkey(menckey, pubkey, &data); if (rv) goto done; // export the mac key rv = wrapkey(mmackey, pubkey, wrappedmackey); if (rv) goto done; // commit the rest of the operation *wrappedenck...

NSS Third-Party Code
often this is configurable at build time, with various trade-offs. ...
...often this is configurable at build time, with various trade-offs. ...
...often this is configurable at build time, with various trade-offs. ...
...often this is configurable at build time, with various trade-offs. ...

Getting SpiderMonkey source code
you can get the spidermonkey source code in gzipped form or directly from the mercurial repository. downloading gzipped spidermonkey source code you can download gzipped spidermonkey source code from the following urls: http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/spidermonkey/releases/ http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/spidermonkey/prereleases/ here is a command-line example of downloading and unzipping spidermonkey source code version 59.0: mkdir mozilla cd mozilla wget http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/spidermonkey/prereleases/59/pre1/mozjs-59.0a1.0.tar.bz2 tar xvf mozjs-59.0a1.0.tar.bz2 these commands should work on most platforms including windows, as long as on windows you are using the mozillabuild bash shell. ...
...and-line example of downloading and unzipping spidermonkey source code version 59.0: mkdir mozilla cd mozilla wget http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/spidermonkey/prereleases/59/pre1/mozjs-59.0a1.0.tar.bz2 tar xvf mozjs-59.0a1.0.tar.bz2 these commands should work on most platforms including windows, as long as on windows you are using the mozillabuild bash shell. getting the latest spidermonkey source code from mercurial the mercurial repository at https://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/ hosts the latest spidermonkey sources. mercurial is also known as hg. the following command line downloads the entire mozilla repository, including the full change history and a lot of gecko and firefox source code that isn't part of spidermonkey. it also changes to the spidermonkey directory (js/src). hg clone ...
...to the spidermonkey directory (js/src). hg clone https://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/ cd js/src to avoid getting the full change history, click the zip or gz links at https://hg.mozilla.org/index.cgi/mozilla-central/file/tip. this fetches a snapshot of the current mozilla tree. if you have problems with the instructions above, you can read the full details of using mercurial to get mozilla code here. that page also contains links to several bundles, which can be useful if you have a poor network connection. getting the latest spidermonkey source code from git the following command line downloads the entire mozilla repository, including the full change history and a lot of gecko and firefox source code that isn't part of spidermonkey. it also changes to the spidermonkey directory (js/s...
...cvs note: you will need to explicitly fetch the javascript shell sources even if you currently build another mozilla project, as there are files specific to the shell that are not normally found in a mozilla source tree. just like when you're fetching any other mozilla project from cvs, you need to log into the cvs server first. to do this, cd into the base directory you'd like to check out the code into, then enter the following command at your command line: cvs -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs-mirror.mozilla.org:/cvsroot login when prompted, enter the password anonymous. once you've logged in, cd into the root of your cvs tree and enter the following command: cvs -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs-mirror.mozilla.org:/cvsroot co -l mozilla/js/src mozilla/js/src/config mozilla/js/src/editline mozilla/j...

imgIDecoder
modules/libpr0n/public/imgidecoder.idlscriptable base class for a decoder that reads an image from an input stream and sends it to an imgiloader object. inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 1.7 this interface is the base class for decoders for specific image formats. method overview void close(); void flush(); void init(in imgiload aload); unsigned long writefrom(in nsiinputstream instr, in unsigned long count); methods close() closes the stream. void close(); parameters none. flush() flushes the stream. void flush(); parameters none. init() initializes an image decoder. void init( in imgiload aload ); parameters aload an imgiload object to receive the decoded image data. this object also implements the imgidec...
...you should always pass null as the first two parameters of the notification apis. writefrom() writes data into the stream from an input stream. ...
... output stream efficiently copy the data from the input stream into its internal buffer (if any). if this method was provided as an external facility, a separate char * buffer would need to be used in order to call the output stream's other write() method. ...
... order to call the output stream's other write() method. unsigned long writefrom( in nsiinputstream instr, in unsigned long count ); parameters instr the stream from which to read the encoded image data. ...

Finding the code for a feature
but here is how i find out. there are two key tools that you need. ...
...uiry, and i decided to follow my usual path and document what i do: hello i would like to add colours and tags to specific emails...by using nsimsgtagservice, can this be done? here is my (edited) response: nsimsgtagservice is used to store the list of valid tags, so it is not the correct way to tag messages. tags are applied using the message database property "keyword". i know the underlying code, but i don't remember the user interface level function to do it. but here is how i find out. there are two key tools that you need. the first is the dom inspector extension which i have routinely installed in all of my thunderbird installations. (for debug builds, you can make it appear by default using "ac_add_options --enable-extensions=default,venkman,inspector" which is part of my standard ...
... function to do it. but here is how i find out. there are two key tools that you need. the first is the dom inspector extension which i have routinely installed in all of my thunderbird installations. (for debug builds, you can make it appear by default using "ac_add_options --enable-extensions=default,venkman,inspector" which is part of my standard configuration). the second is mozilla's source code search tool mxr. i keep two prominent links to this on my firefox toolbar, one to comm-central string search, and one to comm-central file search. so, how did i use those to figure out how to do this? i know there is a menu command "tag" to tag the message - how does it do it? using dom inspector, i find the tag menu item, and i see that it uses command "cmd_tag". then i use mxr and look for "cm...
...ok at the last occurrence, and see it is just an enable item with no real action involved. oops, i guess i need to get the submenu instead. repeating this process, i see that the submenu items all call a function togglemessagetagmenu. looking that up in mxr, its underlying function uses a very strange call prevhdrfolder[toggler](messages, key) to change the key. trying to figure that out from the code, i see that is just a clever way to do the addkeywordstomessages or removekeywordsfrommessages method call. (please don't do that guys, it really makes code search difficult!) so the answer the your question is, use the nsimsgfolder method "addkeywordstomessages" (and now i remember that i knew that!). if you want examples, scan mxr for addkeywordstomessages. you'll find that the only decent ex...

MediaError.code - Web APIs
the read-only property mediaerror.code returns a numeric value which represents the kind of error that occurred on a media element. to get a text string with specific diagnostic information, see mediaerror.message. syntax var myerror = mediaerror.code; value a numeric value indicating the general type of error which occurred. the possible values are described below, in media error code constants. media error code constants name value description media_err_aborted 1 the fetching of the associated resource was aborted by the user's request. media_err_network 2 some kind of network error occurred which prevented the media from being successfully fetched, despite having previously been available. ...
... media_err_src_not_supported 4 the associated resource or media provider object (such as a mediastream) has been found to be unsuitable. ...
... media_err_aborted 1 the fetching of the associated resource was aborted by the user's request. media_err_network 2 some kind of network error occurred which prevented the media from being successfully fetched, despite having previously been available. media_err_decode 3 despite having previously been determined to be usable, an error occurred while trying to decode the media resource, resulting in an error. media_err_src_not_supported 4 the associated resource or media provider object (such as a mediastream) has been found to be unsuitable. example this example creates a <video> element, establishes an error handler for it, and then sets the element's src attribute to the video resource to present in the element. the error handler sim...
... (such as a mediastream) has been found to be unsuitable. example this example creates a <video> element, establishes an error handler for it, and then sets the element's src attribute to the video resource to present in the element. the error handler simply outputs a message var obj = document.createelement('video'); obj.onerror = function() {console.log("error with media: " + obj.error.code);} obj.src="https://example.com/blahblah.mp4"; specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of 'mediaerror.code' in that specification. living standard initial definition ...

RTCRtpCodecParameters - Web APIs
the rtcrtpcodecparameters dictionary, part of the webrtc api, is used to describe the configuration parameters for a single media codec. in addition to being the type of the rtcrtpparameters.codecs property, it's used when calling rtcrtptransceiver.setcodecpreferences() to configure a transceiver's codecs before beginning the offer/answer process to establish a webrtc peer connection. most of the fields in this property take values which are defined and maintained by the internet assigned numbers authority (iana). references to relevant iana documents are provided in the see also section at the end of this article. properties payloadtype optional the rtp payload type used to identify this codec. ...
...nswer process to establish a webrtc peer connection. most of the fields in this property take values which are defined and maintained by the internet assigned numbers authority (iana). references to relevant iana documents are provided in the see also section at the end of this article. properties payloadtype optional the rtp payload type used to identify this codec. ...
...evant iana documents are provided in the see also section at the end of this article. properties payloadtype optional the rtp payload type used to identify this codec. mimetype optional the codec's mime media type and subtype specified as a domstring of the form "type/subtype". iana maintains a registry of valid mime types. clockrate optional an unsigned long integer value specifying the codec's clock rate in hertz (hz). the clock rate is the rate at which the codec's rtp timestamp advances. most codecs have specific values or ranges of values they permit; see the iana payload format media type registry for details. ...
...lid mime types. clockrate optional an unsigned long integer value specifying the codec's clock rate in hertz (hz). the clock rate is the rate at which the codec's rtp timestamp advances. most codecs have specific values or ranges of values they permit; see the iana payload format media type registry for details. channels optional an unsigned short integer indicating the number of channels the codec should support. for example, for audio codecs, a value of 1 specifies monaural sound while 2 indicates stereo. sdpfmtpline optional a domstring containing the format-specific parameters field from the "a=fmtp" line in the codec's sdp, if one is present; see section 5.8 of the ietf specification for jsep. note: on an rtcrtpreceiver, the format-specific parameters come from the sdp sent by the ...

decodeURI() - JavaScript
the decodeuri() function decodes a uniform resource identifier (uri) previously created by encodeuri() or by a similar routine. the source for this interactive example is stored in a github repository. if you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. syntax decodeuri(encodeduri) parameters encodeduri a complete, encoded uniform resource identifier. return value a new string representing the unencoded version of the given encoded uniform resource identifier (uri). exceptions throws an urierror ("malformed uri sequence") exception when encodeduri contains invalid character sequences. ...
...ntax decodeuri(encodeduri) parameters encodeduri a complete, encoded uniform resource identifier. return value a new string representing the unencoded version of the given encoded uniform resource identifier (uri). exceptions throws an urierror ("malformed uri sequence") exception when encodeduri contains invalid character sequences. description replaces each escape sequence in the encoded uri with the character that it represents, but does not decode escape sequences that could not have been introduced by encodeuri. the character “#” is not decoded from escape sequences. ...
...s throws an urierror ("malformed uri sequence") exception when encodeduri contains invalid character sequences. description replaces each escape sequence in the encoded uri with the character that it represents, but does not decode escape sequences that could not have been introduced by encodeuri. the character “#” is not decoded from escape sequences. ...
... that it represents, but does not decode escape sequences that could not have been introduced by encodeuri. the character “#” is not decoded from escape sequences. examples decoding a cyrillic url decodeuri('https://developer.mozilla.org/ru/docs/javascript_%d1%88%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%bb%d1%8b'); // "https://developer.mozilla.org/ru/docs/javascript_шеллы" catching errors try { var a = decodeuri('%e0%a4%a'); } catch(e) { console.error(e); } // urierror: malformed uri sequence specifications specification ecmascript (ecma-262)the definition of 'decodeuri' in that specification. ...

Static Analysis for Windows Code under Linux - Archive of obsolete content
we highly recommend you to read the cross compiling manual and the dehydra build manual before you start the following reading. build gcc corss-compiler with plugin support by default gcc does not support plugins. dehydra requires patching gcc such that it can load plugins as shared libraries: # prepare a directory mkdir $home/dehydra cd $home/dehydra #obtain gcc 4.3 sources wget ftp://mirrors.kernel.org/gnu/gcc/gcc...-4.3.0.tar.bz2 tar jxvf gcc-4.3.0.tar.bz2 # get the patches which enable plugins cd gcc-4.3.0/ # create an hg repository. ...
...ect shared library. so, we should make a linux native compiler with plugin support to make treehydra! this sound crazy, but it may be the only right way to do this. just follow this and this to compile both dehydra and treehydra shared libraries. and these libraries can be used directly with our cross compiler. ...
...dra! ...

Using the DOM File API in chrome code - Extensions
if you want to use the dom file api in chrome code, you can do so without restriction. in fact, you get one bonus feature: you can create file objects specifying the path of the file on the user's computer. this only works from privileged code, so web content can't do it. this protects users from the inherent security risks associated with allowing web content free access to the contents of their disks. if you pass a path to the file constructor from unprivileged code (such as web content), an exception will be thrown. scope availability in the jsm scope file is available without needing to do anything special. ...
...llowing web content free access to the contents of their disks. if you pass a path to the file constructor from unprivileged code (such as web content), an exception will be thrown. scope availability in the jsm scope file is available without needing to do anything special. in bootstrap scope, this must be imported in like so: cu.importglobalproperties( [ "file" ] ) accessing a file by hard-coded pathname to reference a file by its path, you can simply use a string literal: var file = file.createfromfilename("path/to/some/file"); cross platform note: however using hard-coded paths raises cross platform issues since it uses a platform-dependent path separator (here "/"). in the xul/mozilla platform there isn't sadly an equivalent to java file.pathseparator (the system-dependent path-s...
... ...

Measuring performance using the PerfMeasurement.jsm code module
the first thing you need to do is to import the module into your scope: components.utils.import("resource://gre/modules/perfmeasurement.jsm") you can then create a perfmeasurement object. you give the constructor a bit-mask of events you're interested in; see note: at present, perfmeasurement.jsm is only functional on linux, but it is planned to add support for windows (bug 583322) and osx (bug 583323) as well, and we welcome patches for other operating systems. ...
... perfmeasurement.cache_references | perfmeasurement.cache_misses); this creates a new perfmeasurement object, configured to record the specified event types. it doesn't, however, start to record data. ...
...tty fast (but not fast enough), so we run it several thousand times: for (let i = 0; i < 10000; i++) { set_up_some_state(); monitor.start(); code_to_be_benchmarked(); monitor.stop(); clean_up_afterward(); } we call the perfmeasurement object's start() method when we want to start recording, and stop() when we want to stop recording. this lets us record information only for the specific code section we want to measure. since we enable monitoring immediately before calling code_to_be_benchmarked(), and disable it as soon as it returns, the code in set_up_some_state() and clean_up_afterward() is not measured. the monitor object automatically accumulates counts over start/stop cycles (that is, it doesn't automatically zero the counters each time you start recording). when you're done...

NSS Sample Code sample6
the symmetric keys can then be used * without ever exposing them in the clear. * * to encrypt, you need the id of the key to use. * to decrypt, you need the ciphertext and the id of the key that was used * to encrypt * * before running this example, create the nss database * certutil -n -d . * (enter "test" when prompted for password) */ #include "nss.h" #include "pk11pub.h" /* the key id can be any sequence of bytes. this example happens to use an * integer */ void genkey(int id); /* this callback is responsible for returning the password to the nss * key database. ...
...e running this example, create the nss database * certutil -n -d . * (enter "test" when prompted for password) */ #include "nss.h" #include "pk11pub.h" /* the key id can be any sequence of bytes. this example happens to use an * integer */ void genkey(int id); /* this callback is responsible for returning the password to the nss * key database. for example purposes, this function hardcodes the password. * in a real app, this function should obtain the password using secure means * such as prompting an operator, or retrieving it over a secure communication * channel */ char *passwdcb(pk11slotinfo *info, prbool retry, void *arg); int main(int argc, char **argv) { secstatus rv; /* initialize nss */ pk11_setpasswordfunc(passwdcb); /* the nss db must be initialized read...
...* already exists */ genkey(1); } void genkey(int id) { pk11slotinfo* slot = null; pk11symkey* key = null; secitem keyiditem; int keyid[1]; ck_mechanism_type ciphermech; /* using ckm_aes_cbc_pad mechanism for example */ ciphermech = ckm_aes_cbc_pad; slot = pk11_getinternalkeyslot(); /* slot = pk11_getbestslot(ciphermech, null); didn't work. * error code: token is read-only. ?? */ if (slot == null) { fprintf(stderr, "unable to find security device (err %d)\n", pr_geterror()); return; } keyid[0] = id; keyiditem.type = sibuffer; keyiditem.data = (void *)keyid; keyiditem.len = sizeof(keyid[0]); /* note: keysize must be 0 for fixed key-length algorithms like des. * since we're using aes in this exampl...

JSPrincipalsTranscoder
jsprincipalstranscoder is the type of a security callback that can be configured using js_setprincipalstranscoderjsapi 1.8 and earlier or js_setruntimesecuritycallbacksadded in spidermonkey 1.8.1. callback syntax typedef jsbool (*jsprincipalstranscoder)(jsxdrstate *xdr, jsprincipals **principalsp); name type description xdr jsxdrstate * the xdr reader/writer. principalsp jsprincipals ** if xdr->mode == jsxdr_decode, this is an out parameter: on success, *principalsp receives the deserialized principals. otherwise xdr->mode == jsxdr_encode, and *principalsp points to the jsprincipals object to be serialized. description the javascript engine uses this callback to serialize and deserialize p...
...d principals. otherwise xdr->mode == jsxdr_encode, and *principalsp points to the jsprincipals object to be serialized. description the javascript engine uses this callback to serialize and deserialize principals. each script function is associated with principals, which poses a problem for xdr. the application provides the jsprincipals objects, so it must also provide a jsprincipalstranscoder if it intends to serialize or deserialize principals. the callback xdr-encodes or -decodes a principals instance, based on whether xdr->mode is jsxdr_encode, in which case *principalsp should be encoded; or jsxdr_decode, in which case implementations must return a held (via jsprincipals_hold), non-null *principalsp out parameter. return js_true on success, js_false on any error, which the imple...
...ack xdr-encodes or -decodes a principals instance, based on whether xdr->mode is jsxdr_encode, in which case *principalsp should be encoded; or jsxdr_decode, in which case implementations must return a held (via jsprincipals_hold), non-null *principalsp out parameter. return js_true on success, js_false on any error, which the implementation must have reported. ...

Components.returnCode
components.returncode is a property which can hold an xpcom return code additionally to the value returned by the return statement. note that components.returncode is currently non-functional due to bug 287107. this problem was introduced in mozilla 1.4. usage components.returncode is a property that can be used to indicate to an xpcom caller of the javascript method that the method is returning a specific nsresult code. generally, xpconnect does a fine job of making it unnecessary for javascript code to worry about nsresult codes. by default the successful completion of the javascript method will cause xpconnect to return a result code of ns_ok to the caller. if the javascript code needs to signal failure then that is done by throwing an exception. however, there are a very few xpcom i...
...erally, xpconnect does a fine job of making it unnecessary for javascript code to worry about nsresult codes. by default the successful completion of the javascript method will cause xpconnect to return a result code of ns_ok to the caller. if the javascript code needs to signal failure then that is done by throwing an exception. however, there are a very few xpcom interfaces that specify success code return values. components.returncode exists in order to make it possible to implement these rare interfaces in javascript. ...
...ode of ns_ok to the caller. if the javascript code needs to signal failure then that is done by throwing an exception. however, there are a very few xpcom interfaces that specify success code return values. components.returncode exists in order to make it possible to implement these rare interfaces in javascript. ...

Testing Mozilla code
asan nightly projectthe asan nightly project involves building a firefox nightly browser with the popular addresssanitizer tool and enhancing it with remote crash reporting capabilities for any errors detected.clang static analysisthis document is split in two parts. ...
...r that detects use-after-free and out-of-bound bugs in c/c++ programs. it uses a compile-time instrumentation to check all reads and writes during the execution. in addition, the runtime part replaces the malloc and free functions to check dynamically allocated memory. more information on how asan works can be found on the address sanitizer wiki. fuzzing interfacethe fuzzing interface is glue code living in mozilla-central in order to make it easier for developers and security researchers to test c/c++ code with either libfuzzer or afl-fuzz.measuring code coverage on firefoxcode coverage essentially is about measuring how often certain lines are hit, branches taken or conditions met in a program, given some test that you run on it. there are different types of coverage metrics (see also th...
...this type of coverage is only concerned with hit counts for lines and branches.the valgrind test jobthe valgrind test job builds the browser and runs it under valgrind, which can detect various common memory-related errors. ...

Step through code - Firefox Developer Tools
the thinking here is that if you've got your devtools open in a separate window, as many people do, it can be easier to have the buttons available righ...
...from a function, returning execution to the caller split console when paused, you can press the esc key to open and close the split console to gain more insight into errors and variables: pause on breakpoints overlay since firefox 70, when your code is paused on a breakpoint an overlay appears on the viewport of the tab you are debugging. this lets you know what kind of breakpoint the code is paused on (breakpoint, event breakpoint, etc.), and also provides a step button and a play button. the thinking here is that if you've got your devtools open in a separate window, as many people do, it can be easier to have the buttons available right there to move the code forward while you are looking at the result. if you want to turn this feature off, since firefox 71 you can do so by goi...
...right there to move the code forward while you are looking at the result. if you want to turn this feature off, since firefox 71 you can do so by going to about:config in a new tab, setting the devtools.debugger.features.overlay pref to false, and restarting the browser. inline variable preview new in firefox 71, the source pane now gives you an instant preview of the variables on each line of code you've stepped through. see set a breakpoint > inline variable preview for more information. ...

BasicCardResponse.cardSecurityCode - Web APIs
example let's look at a sample payment request: var request = new paymentrequest(supportedinstruments, details, options); // call show() to trigger the browser's payment flow. request.show().then(function(instrumentresponse) { // do something with the response from the ui. console.log(instrumentresponse.details); }) .catch(function(err) { // do something with the error from request.show(). ...
...s successfully, the paymentresponse object available inside the fulfilled promise (instrumentresponse above) will have a paymentresponse.details property that will contain response details. this has to conform to the structure defined by the basiccardresponse dictionary, and may look something like this: { "cardnumber' : '9999999999999999", "cardholdername' : 'mr. dick straw", "cardsecuritycode" : "999", "expirymonth" : "07", "expiryyear" : "2021", "billingaddress" : { "country" : "gb", // etc. billing address is a paymentaddress object } } specifications specification status comment basic card paymentthe definition of 'cardsecuritycode' in that specification. working draft initial definition. browser compatibility the compatibili...
... browser compatibility the compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. if you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request. ...

KeyboardEvent.keyCode - Web APIs
the deprecated keyboardevent.keycode read-only property represents a system and implementation dependent numerical code identifying the unmodified value of the pressed key. this is usually the decimal ascii (rfc 20) or windows 1252 code corresponding to the key. if the key can't be identified, this value is 0. you should avoid using this if possible; it's been deprecated for some time. instead, you should use keyboardevent.code, if it's implemented. unfortunately, some browsers still don't have it, so you'll have to be careful to make sure you use one which is supported on all target browsers. web developers shouldn't use the keycode attribute for printable characters when handling keydown and keyup events. ...
...when implementing a shortcut key handler, the keypress event is usually better (at least when gecko is the runtime in use). see gecko keypress event for details. ...
...ast when gecko is the runtime in use). see gecko keypress event for details. example window.addeventlistener("keydown", function (event) { if (event.defaultprevented) { return; // should do nothing if the default action has been cancelled } var handled = false; if (event.key !== undefined) { // handle the event with keyboardevent.key and set handled true. } else if (event.keycode !== undefined) { // handle the event with keyboardevent.keycode and set handled true. } if (handled) { // suppress "double action" if event handled event.preventdefault(); } }, true); specifications specification status comment document object model (dom) level 3 events specificationthe definition of 'keyboardevent.keycode' in that specification. ...

RTCRtpCodecCapability - Web APIs
the webrtc api's rtcrtpcodeccapability dictionary provides information describing the capabilities of a single media codec. properties channels optional an unsigned integer value indicating the maximum number of channels supported by the codec; for example, a codec that supports only mono sound would have a value of 1; stereo codecs would have a 2, etc. clockrate an unsigned long integer specifying the codec's clock rate in hertz (hz). the iana maintains a list of codecs and their parameters, including their clock rates. mimetype a domstring indicating the codec's mime media type and subtype. see codecs used by webrtc for details about potential codecs that might be referenced here. sdpfmtpline optional a domstring giving the format specific parameters field from the a=fmtp line in...
...rtz (hz). the iana maintains a list of codecs and their parameters, including their clock rates. mimetype a domstring indicating the codec's mime media type and subtype. see codecs used by webrtc for details about potential codecs that might be referenced here. sdpfmtpline optional a domstring giving the format specific parameters field from the a=fmtp line in the sdp which corresponds to the codec, if such a line exists. if there is no parameters field, this property is left out. description rtcrtpcodeccapabilities describes the basic parameters for a single codec supported by the user's device. ...
... sdpfmtpline optional a domstring giving the format specific parameters field from the a=fmtp line in the sdp which corresponds to the codec, if such a line exists. if there is no parameters field, this property is left out. description rtcrtpcodeccapabilities describes the basic parameters for a single codec supported by the user's device. an array of objects of this type is returned in the codecs property of the rtcrtpcapabilities object returned in response to a call to either of the static functions rtcrtpsender.getcapabilities() or rtcrtpreceiver.getcapabilities(). examples tbd specifications specification status comment webrtc 1.0: real-time communication between browsersthe definition of 'rtcrtpcodeccapability' in that specification. candidate recomme...

unicode - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
the unicode attribute specifies one or more unicode characters indicating the sequence of unicode characters which corresponds to a glyph. if a character is provided, then this glyph corresponds to the given unicode character. if multiple characters are provided, then this glyph corresponds to the given sequence of unicode characters. one use of a sequence of characters is ligatures. for example, if unicode="ffl", then the given glyph will be used to render the sequence of characters "f", "f", and "l". it is often useful to refer to characters using xml character references expressed in hexadecimal notation or decimal notation. ...
...rovided, then this glyph corresponds to the given sequence of unicode characters. one use of a sequence of characters is ligatures. for example, if unicode="ffl", then the given glyph will be used to render the sequence of characters "f", "f", and "l". it is often useful to refer to characters using xml character references expressed in hexadecimal notation or decimal notation. for example, unicode="ffl" could be expressed as xml character references in hexadecimal notation as unicode="&#x66;&#x66;&#x6c;" or in decimal notation as unicode="&#102;&#102;&#108;". the unicode attribute contributes to the process for deciding which glyph(s) are used to represent which character(s). if the attribute is not provided for a given <glyph>, then the only way to use this glyph is via an <altglyph> r...
...for deciding which glyph(s) are used to represent which character(s). if the attribute is not provided for a given <glyph>, then the only way to use this glyph is via an <altglyph> reference. only one element is using this attribute: <glyph> context notes value <string> default value none animatable no <string> this value specifies one or more unicode characters corresponding to a glyph. specifications specification status comment scalable vector graphics (svg) 1.1 (second edition)the definition of 'unicode' in that specification. recommendation initial definition ...

Debug.setNonUserCodeExceptions - Archive of obsolete content
the debug.setnonusercodeexceptions property determines whether any try-catch blocks in this scope are to be treated by the debugger as user-unhandled. exceptions can be classified as thrown, user-unhandled or unhandled. syntax debug.setnonusercodeexceptions [= bool]; remarks if this property is set to true within a given scope, the debugger can then choose whether to take some specified action on exceptions thrown inside that scope: for instance, if the developer wishes to break on user-unhandled exceptions. setting this property to false is the same as never having set the property. for more information on debugging, see the active script debugging overview. example the following code shows how to set this property. ...
... to take some specified action on exceptions thrown inside that scope: for instance, if the developer wishes to break on user-unhandled exceptions. setting this property to false is the same as never having set the property. for more information on debugging, see the active script debugging overview. example the following code shows how to set this property. (function () { debug.setnonusercodeexceptions = true; try{ var x = null; x.y(); } catch (e) { // catch the exception. } })(); requirements supported in the following document modes: internet explorer 10 standards and internet explorer 11 standards. also supported in store apps (windows 8 and windows phone 8.1). not supported in the following document modes: quirks, internet explorer 6 standards, i...

Code splitting - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
code splitting is the splitting of code into various bundles or components which can then be loaded on demand or in parallel. as an application grows in complexity or is simply maintained, css and javascripts files or bundles grow in byte size, especially as the number and size of included third-party libraries increases. to prevent the requirement of downloading ginormous files, scripts can be split into multiple smaller files. then features required at page load can be downloaded immediately with additional scripts being lazy loaded after the page or application is interactive, thus improving performance. while the total amount of code is the same (and perhaps even a few bytes larger), the amount of code needed during initial load can be reduced. ...
...ading ginormous files, scripts can be split into multiple smaller files. then features required at page load can be downloaded immediately with additional scripts being lazy loaded after the page or application is interactive, thus improving performance. while the total amount of code is the same (and perhaps even a few bytes larger), the amount of code needed during initial load can be reduced. code splitting is a feature supported by bundlers like webpack and browserify which can create multiple bundles that can be dynamically loaded at runtime. see also bundling lazy loading http/2 tree shaking ...

privileged code - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
non-privileged - javascript on web-page. ...
... non-privileged - javascript on web-page. ...

NSS Sample Code Sample_2_Initialization of NSS
nss sample code 2: initializing nss this example program demonstrates how to initialize the nss database. this program illustrates password handling. ...
... nss sample code 2: initializing nss this example program demonstrates how to initialize the nss database. this program illustrates password handling. ...

NSS Sample Code sample2
* note: iv is only needed if cipher blocking chaining (cbc) mode of encryption * is used * * the recommended approach is to store and transport wrapped (encrypted) * des keys (ivs can be in the clear). however, it is a common (and dangerous) * practice to use raw des keys. this example shows the use of a raw key. ...
... ciphermech; pk11slotinfo* slot = null; pk11symkey* symkey = null; secitem* secparam = null; pk11context* enccontext = null; secitem keyitem, ivitem; secstatus rv, rv1, rv2; unsigned char data[1024], buf1[1024], buf2[1024]; int i, result_len, tmp1_outlen, tmp2_outlen; /* initialize nss * if your application code has already initialized nss, you can skip it * here. * this code uses the simplest of the init functions, which does not * require a nss database to exist */ rv = nss_nodb_init("."); if (rv != secsuccess) { fprintf(stderr, "nss initialization failed (err %d)\n", pr_geterror()); goto out; } /* choose mechanism: ckm_des_cbc_pad, ckm_des3_ecb, ckm_des3_cbc.

NSS Sample Code sample3
sample code 3: hashing, mac /* * demonstration program for hashing and macs */ #include <iostream.h> #include "pk11pub.h" #include "nss.h" static void printdigest(unsigned char *digest, unsigned int len) { int i; cout << "length: " << len << endl; for(i = 0;i < len;i++) printf("%02x ", digest[i]); cout << endl; } /* * main */ int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) { int status = 0; pk11slotinfo *slot = 0; pk11symkey *key = 0; pk11context *context = 0; unsigned char data[80]; unsigned char digest[20]; /*is there a way to tell how large the output is?*/ unsigned int len; secstatus s; /* initialize nss * if your application code has already initialized nss, you can skip it * here. ...
...n */ int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) { int status = 0; pk11slotinfo *slot = 0; pk11symkey *key = 0; pk11context *context = 0; unsigned char data[80]; unsigned char digest[20]; /*is there a way to tell how large the output is?*/ unsigned int len; secstatus s; /* initialize nss * if your application code has already initialized nss, you can skip it * here. ...

NSS Sample Code sample4
the db password should be "test" and the cert * nickname should be "testca" * here is one way of doing it: * # create ca cert db, if -f not provided, prompts for passwd * $ certutil -n -d . * # create ca cert, self-signed, generates key-pair, prompts for key * # type, cert type etc * # answers for prompts: 5,9,n,y,-1,n,5,6,7,9,n * $ certutil -s -s "cn=test ca, o=bogus inc, l=mtn view, st=ca, c=us" \ * -n testca -t ctu,ctu,ctu -v 60 -x -d . ...
...any ways to setup a public/private key to use - this * example shows one of them. * * this example does not do any padding. it simply encrypts/decrypts a block * of length equal to modulus length of the public/private key. */ #include "nss.h" #include "pk11pub.h" /* this callback is responsible for returning the password to the nss * key database. for example purposes, this function hardcodes the password. * in a real app, this function should obtain the password using secure means * such as prompting an operator, or retrieving it over a secure communication * channel */ char *passwdcb(pk11slotinfo *info, prbool retry, void *arg); int main(int argc, char **argv) { secstatus rv; certcertificate *cert = null; seckeypublickey *pubkey = null; seckeyprivatekey ...

JS_SetPrincipalsTranscoder
set the runtime-wide principals transcoder callback. this function is deprecated. in spidermonkey 1.8.1 or later, use js_setruntimesecuritycallbacks instead. syntax jsprincipalstranscoder js_setprincipalstranscoder(jsruntime *rt, jsprincipalstranscoder px); name type description rt jsruntime * the runtime to configure. px jsprincipalstranscoder the new principals transcoder. description js_setprincipalstranscoder sets a runtime-wide callback which the javascript engine uses to serialize and deserialize principals. this callback is described at jsprincipalstranscoder. js_setprincipalstranscoder returns the previous principals transcoder. ...
...me * the runtime to configure. px jsprincipalstranscoder the new principals transcoder. description js_setprincipalstranscoder sets a runtime-wide callback which the javascript engine uses to serialize and deserialize principals. this callback is described at jsprincipalstranscoder. js_setprincipalstranscoder returns the previous principals transcoder. ...

Using Mozilla code in other projects
mozilla provides a development platform for desktop applications, called xul, atop which you can build applications. various components of the platform, such as the spidermonkey javascript engine, can be used in your own projects without the rest of the platform. there are also modules that aren't used in firefox but are available for use by other applications; an example of this is rhino, the javascript engine written in java. you can embed gecko, the layout engine used by firefox to process web pages, as a browser within your own application. ...
...ilding xul applications the joy of xul an introduction to xul; a must read for new developers. xul reference the complete reference to xul. xulrunner a mozilla runtime package that can be used to bootstrap xul and xpcom applications with ease. mozilla toolkit information about the mozilla toolkit api. signing mozilla apps for mac os x how to code-sign applications based on mozilla code for mac os x's application security model. using mozilla components spidermonkey spidermonkey is the javascript runtime engine used by mozilla projects. nspr the netscape portable runtime provides a platform-neutral api for system level and libc-type functions. necko the mozilla networking library provide...

AddressErrors.languageCode - Web APIs
an object based on addresserrors includes a languagecode property when the address's languagecode property couldn't be validated. the returned string explains the error and should offer suggestions for how to correct it. syntax var languageerror = addresserrors.languagecode; value if the value specified in the paymentaddress object's languagecode property could not be validated, this property contains a domstring offering a human-readable explanation of the validation error and offers suggestions for correcting it. this validation might be as simple as ensuring the text of the string is compliant with the syntax defined in bcp-47, or as detailed as actually verifying that the specified string matches a value from a database. ...
...perty could not be validated, this property contains a domstring offering a human-readable explanation of the validation error and offers suggestions for correcting it. this validation might be as simple as ensuring the text of the string is compliant with the syntax defined in bcp-47, or as detailed as actually verifying that the specified string matches a value from a database. if the languagecode value was validated successfully, this property is not included in the addresserrors object. specifications specification status comment payment request apithe definition of 'addresserrors.languagecode' in that specification. candidate recommendation initial definition. ...

AddressErrors.regionCode - Web APIs
an object based on addresserrors includes a regioncode property when the address's regioncode property couldn't be validated. the returned string explains the error and should offer suggestions for how to correct it. syntax var regioncodeerror = addresserrors.regioncode; value if the value specified in the paymentaddress object's regioncode property could not be validated, this property contains a domstring offering a human-readable explanation of the validation error and offers suggestions for correcting it. if the regioncode value was validated successfully, this property is not included in the addresserrors object. usage notes the region code is derived from the iso 3166-2 country subdivision name standard. specifications specification status comment paymen...
... the validation error and offers suggestions for correcting it. if the regioncode value was validated successfully, this property is not included in the addresserrors object. usage notes the region code is derived from the iso 3166-2 country subdivision name standard. specifications specification status comment payment request apithe definition of 'addresserrors.regioncode' in that specification. candidate recommendation initial definition. ...

GeolocationPositionError.code - Web APIs
the following values are possible: value associated constant description 1 permission_denied the acquisition of the geolocation information failed because the page didn't have the permission to do it. 2 position_unavailable the acquisition of the geolocation failed because one or several internal sources of position returned an internal error. ...
... recommendation initial definition ...

PaymentAddress.postalCode - Web APIs
the postalcode read-only property of the paymentaddress interface returns a string containing a code used by a jurisdiction for mail routing, for example, the zip code in the united states or the postal index number (pin code) in india. syntax var paymentpostalcode = paymentaddress.postalcode; value a domstring which contains the postal code portion of the address. a postal code is a string (either numeric or alphanumeric) which is used by a postal service to optimize mail routing and delivery. various countries use different terms for this. in most of the world, it's known as the "post code" or "postal code." in the united states, the zip code is used. india uses pin codes. specifications specification status comment payment request apithe definition of 'paymen...
...lphanumeric) which is used by a postal service to optimize mail routing and delivery. various countries use different terms for this. in most of the world, it's known as the "post code" or "postal code." in the united states, the zip code is used. india uses pin codes. specifications specification status comment payment request apithe definition of 'paymentaddress.postalcode' in that specification. candidate recommendation initial definition. ...

PaymentAddress.regionCode - Web APIs
the regioncode read-only attribute of the paymentaddress interface returns a one-, two-, or three-alphanumeric code (domstring) representing the region of the address (e.g., "ca" for california, or "11" for lisbon, portugal). the code is derived from the iso 3166-2 standard, which defines codes for identifying the subdivisions (e.g., states, provinces, autonomous regions, etc.) of all countries in the world. if the browser can't determine the region code, or the country doesn't use regions for postal addresses, it returns an empty string. syntax var regioncode = paymentaddress.regioncode; value a domstring indicating the one to three character alphanumeric code representing the region portion of the address. this should correspond to region, but should be the iso 3166--2 standard's re...
...world. if the browser can't determine the region code, or the country doesn't use regions for postal addresses, it returns an empty string. syntax var regioncode = paymentaddress.regioncode; value a domstring indicating the one to three character alphanumeric code representing the region portion of the address. this should correspond to region, but should be the iso 3166--2 standard's region code. the string is empty if the region code couldn't be determined, isn't needed for the address's country, or was not provided. ...

TextDecoder.prototype.encoding - Web APIs
it can be one of the following values: the recommended encoding for the web: 'utf-8'. the legacy single-byte encodings: 'ibm866', 'iso-8859-2', 'iso-8859-3', 'iso-8859-4', 'iso-8859-5', 'iso-8859-6', 'iso-8859-7', 'iso-8859-8'', 'iso-8859-8i', 'iso-8859-10', 'iso-8859-13', 'iso-8859-14', 'iso-8859-15', 'iso-8859-16', 'koi8-r', 'koi8-u', 'macintosh', 'windows-874', 'windows-1250', 'windows-1251', 'windows-1252', 'windows-1253', 'windows-1254', 'windows-1255', 'windows-1256', 'windows-1257', 'windows-1258', or 'x-mac-cyrillic'. the legacy multi-byte chinese (simplified) encodings: 'gbk', 'gb18030', and 'hz-gb-2312'. ...
...18030', and 'hz-gb-2312'. the legacy multi-byte chinese (traditional) encoding: 'big5'. the legacy multi-byte japanese encodings: 'euc-jp', 'iso-2022-jp', and 'shift-jis'. the legacy multi-byte korean encodings: 'euc-kr', and 'iso-2022-kr'. the legacy miscelleanous encodings: 'utf-16be', 'utf-16le', and 'x-user-defined'. a special encoding, 'replacement', which only emits an error and an eof code point. it is used to prevent attacks that mismatch encodings between the client and server. it can happen with iso-2022-cn and iso-2022-cn-ext. syntax var b = decoder.decoding; specifications specification status comment encodingthe definition of 'textdecoder.encoding' in that specification. living standard initial definition. ...

TextEncoder() - Web APIs
the textencoder() constructor returns a newly created utf-8 textencoder object. syntax encoder = new textencoder(); parameters textencoder() takes no parameters since firefox 48 and chrome 53 note: prior to firefox 48 and chrome 53, an encoding type label was accepted as a paramer to the textencoder object, since then both browers have removed support for any encoder type other than utf-8, to match the spec. any type label passed into the textencoder constructor will now be ignored and a utf-8 textencoder will be created. exceptions textencoder() throws no exceptions since firefox 48 and chrome 53 note: prior to firefox 48 and chrome 53 an exception would be thrown for an unknown encoding type. specifications specification status comment encodi...
... label passed into the textencoder constructor will now be ignored and a utf-8 textencoder will be created. exceptions textencoder() throws no exceptions since firefox 48 and chrome 53 note: prior to firefox 48 and chrome 53 an exception would be thrown for an unknown encoding type. specifications specification status comment encodingthe definition of 'textencoder()' in that specification. living standard initial definition ...

Textures from code - Web APIs
« previousnext » this webgl example provides a simple demonstration of procedural texturing with fragment shaders. that is, using code to generate textures for use in shading webgl objects. drawing textures with code texturing a point sprite with calculations done per-pixel in the fragment shader. <p>texture from code. simple demonstration of procedural texturing</p> <canvas>your browser does not seem to support html5 canvas.</canvas> body { text-align : center; } canvas { width : 280px; height : 210px; margin : auto; padding : 0; border : none; background-color : black; } button { display : block; font-size : inherit; margin : auto; padding : 0.6em; } <script type="x-shader/x-vertex" id="vertex-shader"> #version 100 precis...
... « previousnext » ...

XPathException.code - Web APIs
specifications specification status comment document object model (dom) level 3 xpath specificationthe definition of 'xpathexception' in that specification. ...
... specifications specification status comment document object model (dom) level 3 xpath specificationthe definition of 'xpathexception' in that specification. ...

RegExp.prototype.unicode - JavaScript
the unicode property indicates whether or not the "u" flag is used with a regular expression. unicode is a read-only property of an individual regular expression instance. the source for this interactive example is stored in a github repository. if you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. property attributes of regexp.prototype.unicode writable no enumerable no configurable yes description the value of unicode is a boolean and true if the "u" flag was used; otherwise false. the "u" flag enables various unicode-related features. ...
...es and send us a pull request. property attributes of regexp.prototype.unicode writable no enumerable no configurable yes description the value of unicode is a boolean and true if the "u" flag was used; otherwise false. the "u" flag enables various unicode-related features. with the "u" flag, any unicode code point escapes will be interpreted as such, for example. you cannot change this property directly. it is read-only. examples using the unicode property var regex = new regexp('\u{61}', 'u'); console.log(regex.unicode); // true specifications specification ecmascript (ecma-262)the definition of 'regexp.prototype.unicode' in that specification. ...

unicode-bidi - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
the unicode-bidi attribute specifies how the accumulation of the background image is managed. note: as a presentation attribute, unicode-bidi can be used as a css property. see the css unicode-bidi property for more information. as a presentation attribute, it can be applied to any element but it has effect only on the following eleven elements: <altglyph>, <textpath>, <text>, <tref>, and <tspan> context notes value normal | embed | isolate | bidi-override | isolate-override | plaintext default value normal animatable no for a description of the values, please refer to the css unicode-bidi property. ...
...<tref>, and <tspan> context notes value normal | embed | isolate | bidi-override | isolate-override | plaintext default value normal animatable no for a description of the values, please refer to the css unicode-bidi property. specifications specification status comment css writing modes module level 3the definition of 'unicode-bidi' in that specification. proposed recommendation svg 2 only refers to css writing modes. introduced isolate, isolate-override, and plaintext keywords. scalable vector graphics (svg) 1.1 (second edition)the definition of 'unicode-bidi' in that specification. recommendation initial definition ...

Finding the code to modify - Archive of obsolete content
again, the dom inspector makes this easy. the "document - dom nodes" pane on the left-hand side of the inspector window displays a tree representation of the browser window's xul file. when you select a node in the tree, a red border flashes for several seconds around the visual representation of that node in the browser window. scroll down the tree to the statusbar node and select it. notice the flashing red border around the horizontal status bar at the bottom of the browser window. ...

Return Codes - Archive of obsolete content
reboot_needed 999 the files were installed, but one or more components were in use. restart the computer and the application to complete the installation process. on windows nt, you may only need to restart the application as long as you did not replace operating system files. ...

keycode - Archive of obsolete content
« xul reference home keycode type: string key code for keys that do not have displayable characters, such as the enter key or function keys, use this attribute instead of the key attribute. valid keys are listed at keyboard shortcuts. ...

Pseudocode - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
pseudocode refers to code-like syntax that is generally used to indicate to humans how some code syntax works, or illustrate the design of an item of code architecture. it won't work if you try to run it as code. learn more general knowledge pseudocode on wikipedia. ...

Code Samples
simply replace yourextensionid with your add-on's id. ...

Using workers in JavaScript code modules
te since gecko 8.0 (firefox 8.0 / thunderbird 8.0 / seamonkey 2.5)this feature is obsolete. although it may still work in some browsers, its use is discouraged since it could be removed at any time. try to avoid using it. note: as of gecko 8.0, the nsiworkerfactory interface has been removed starting in gecko 2.0 (firefox 4 / thunderbird 3.3 / seamonkey 2.1), you can use workers in javascript code modules (jsms). this lets you run code in a separate thread from your jsm. to create a chromeworker for this purpose, you need to use the nsiworkerfactory interface: var workerfactory = components.classes['@mozilla.org/threads/workerfactory;1'] .createinstance(components.interfaces.nsiworkerfactory); var worker = workerfactory.newchromeworker('script_url.js'); th...

L10n testing with xcode
setting up your l10n testing environment once you have your l10n testing environment set up in xcode, testing your firefox on ios localization is a breeze. follow the cloning and building instructions for firefox on ios. open the client.xcodeproj file in xcode. select the client project in the left pane and choose editor > import localizations from the toolbar and select your localized xliff file. a window will then appear showing the diff between the imported xliff file and the existing resources in the project folder. click the import button. xcode will import your translated strings into the project by adding them to the project folder and replacing the existing strings. next, you need to configure the ios app simulator to run the app in your locale. choose produc...

PRErrorCode
type for error codes that can be retrieved with pr_geterror. you can also set your own errors using pr_seterror. syntax #include <prerror.h> typedef print32 prerrorcode description the service nspr offers in this area is the ability to associate a thread-specific condition with an error number. the error number namespace is not well managed. nspr assumes error numbers starting at -6000 (decimal) and progressing towards zero. at present less than 100 error codes have been defined. if nspr's error handling is adopted by calling clients, then some sort of partitioning of the namespace will have to be employed. nspr does not attempt to address this issue. for nspr errors, see error codes. ...

NSS Code Coverage
if file was tested, link points to annotated source file (in tcov directory), otherwise to original source file (cvs directory). colors green: 70-100% of blocks tested. yellow: 40-70% of blocks tested. orange: 0-40% of blocks tested. red: file not tested. file is not part of any binary or library used by test suite. numbers in tested files example: 72.69% (165/227/731) 72.69% - ratio of tested blocks and total blocks in file (generated by tcov). 165 - tested blocks in file (generated by tcov). 227 - total blocks in file (generated by tcov). 31 - total lines in file (by wc -l command). ...

NSS Sample Code Sample_1_Hashing
nss sample code 1: hashing a file. this is an example program that demonstrates how to compute the hash of a file and save it to another file. this program illustrates the use of nss message apis. sample code 1 /* nspr headers */ #include <prprf.h> #include <prtypes.h> #include <plgetopt.h> #include <prio.h> /* nss headers */ #include <secoid.h> #include <secmodt.h> #include <sechash.h> typedef struct { const char *hashname; secoidtag oid; } nametagpair; /* the hash algorithms supported */ static const nametagpair hash_names[] = { { "md2", sec_oid_md2 }, { "md5", sec_oid_md5 }, { "sha1", sec_oid_sha1 }, { "sha256", sec_oid_sha256 }, { "sha384", sec_oid_sha384 }, { "sha512", sec_oid_sha512 } }; /* * maps a hash name to a secoidtag. * returns nul...

NSS Sample Code Utilities_1
nss sample code common: utilities this is a library of utilities used by many of the samples. this code shows the following: extract seed from noise file read der encoding from a file extract the password from a text file get the module password print as ascii or hexadecimal sample code #include <prlog.h> #include <termios.h> #include <base64.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <prprf.h> #include "util.h" /* * these utility functions are adapted from those found in * the sectool library used by the nss security tools and * other nss test applications. */ /* * newline */ static void newline(prfiledesc* out) { pr_fprintf(out, "\n"); } /* * printasascii */ void printasascii(prfiledesc* out, const unsigned char *data, unsigned int len) { ch...

NSS Sample Code
nss sample code the collection of sample code here demonstrates how nss can be used for cryptographic operations, certificate handling, ssl, etc. it also demonstrates some best practices in the application of cryptography. old samples in the process of being replaced. sample code 1: key generation and transport between servers sample code 2: symmetric encryption sample code 3: hashing, mac sample code 4: pki encryption sample code 5: pki encryption with a raw public & private key in der format sample code 6: persistent symmetric keys in nss database these are very old examples in need of replacement. see https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=490238 you are welcome to download the new samples via: hg clone https://hg.mozilla.org/projects/nss; cd nss; hg update sam...

Viewing and searching Mozilla source code online
uxp source code can be found at the pale moon repository. ...

Measuring Code Coverage on Firefox
documentation moved in-tree: https://firefox-source-docs.mozilla.org/tools/code-coverage/index.html ...

Using JS in Mozilla code
js language features that are implemented in the mozilla js engine are ordinarily safe to use in mozilla code. however, there are a few exceptions, listed here. js language features proper tail calls are not implemented. js standard library features feature standard can be used in code new proxy(target, handler) es2015 yes, but getprototypeof and setprototypeof handlers are not yet implemented. arraybuffer.transfer() proposed for es2016 no, nightly-only for now sharedarraybuffer, sharedint8array..., atomics proposed for es2016 no, nightly-only for now typedobject proposed for es2016 no, nightly-only for now simd proposed for es2016 no, nightly-only for now ...

AddressErrors.postalCode - Web APIs
an object based on addresserrors includes a postalcode property when the address's postalcode property couldn't be validated. the returned string explains the error and should offer suggestions for how to correct it. syntax var postcodeerror = addresserrors.postcode; value if the value specified in the paymentaddress object's postalcode property could not be validated, this property contains a domstring offering a human-readable explanation of the validation error and offers suggestions for correcting it. if the postalcode value was validated successfully, this property is not included in the addresserrors object. specifications specification status comment payment request apithe definition of 'addresserrors.postalcode' in that specification. candidate recomm...

AddressErrors.sortingCode - Web APIs
an object based on addresserrors includes a sortingcode property when the address's sortingcode property couldn't be validated. the returned string explains the error and should offer suggestions for how to correct it. syntax var sortingcodeerror = addresserrors.sortingcode; value if the value specified in the paymentaddress object's sortingcode property could not be validated, this property contains a domstring offering a human-readable explanation of the validation error and offers suggestions for correcting it. if the sortingcode value was validated successfully, this property is not included in the addresserrors object. specifications specification status comment payment request apithe definition of 'addresserrors.sortingcode' in that specification. candi...

FontFace.unicodeRange - Web APIs
the unicoderange property of the fontface interface retrieves or sets the range of unicode codepoints encompassing the font. it is equivalent to the unicode-range descriptor. syntax var unicoderangedescriptor = fontface.unicoderange; fontface.unicoderange = unicoderangedescriptor; value a cssomstring containing a descriptor as it would appear in a style sheet's @font-face rule. specifications specification status comment css font loading module level 3the definition of 'unicoderange' in that specification. working draft initial definition. ...

msExtendedCode - Web APIs
this feature is non-standard and is not on a standards track. do not use it on production sites facing the web: it will not work for every user. there may also be large incompatibilities between implementations and the behavior may change in the future. in the event of an error, the media element's error event will be fired. the element's error property will then contain an msextendedcode read-only property with platform-specific error code information. msextendedcode is a read-only proprietary property specific to internet explorer and microsoft edge. value type: long; the platform specific error code. example var video1 = object.getelementbyid("video1"); video1.addeventlistener('error', function () { var error = video1.error.msextendedcode; //... }, false); video.adde...

NavigatorID.appCodeName - Web APIs
the value of the navigatorid.appcodename property is always "mozilla", in any browser. this property is kept only for compatibility purposes. note: do not rely on this property to return a real product name. all browsers return "mozilla" as the value of this property. syntax codename = navigator.appcodename value the string "mozilla". specifications specification status comment html living standardthe definition of 'navigatorid.appcodename' in that specification. living standard initial definition ...

PaymentAddress.languageCode - Web APIs
the languagecode read-only property of the paymentaddress interface returns a string containing the bcp-47 language code for the address. this is used while localizing the displayy of the address, allowing the determination of the field separators and the order of fields when formatting the address. syntax var paymentlanguagecode = paymentaddress.languagecode; value a domstring providing the bcp-47 format language code indicating the language the address was written in, such as "en-us", "pt-br", or "ja-jp". ...

PaymentAddress.sortingCode - Web APIs
the sortingcode read-only property of the paymentaddress interface returns a string containing a postal sorting code such as is used in france. syntax var sortingcode = paymentaddress.sortingcode; value a domstring containing the sorting code portion of the address. specifications specification status comment payment request apithe definition of 'paymentaddress.sortingcode' in that specification. candidate recommendation initial definition. ...

RTCInboundRtpStreamStats.framesDecoded - Web APIs
the framesdecoded property of the rtcinboundrtpstreamstats dictionary indicates the total number of frames which have been decoded successfully for this media source. syntax var framesdecoded = rtcinboundrtpstreamstats.framesdecoded; value an integer value indicating the total number of video frames which have been decoded for this stream so far. this represents the number of frames that would have been displayed assuming no frames were skipped. specifications specification status comment identifiers for webrtc's statistics apithe definition of 'rtcinboundrtpstreamstats.framesdecoded' in that specification. candidate recommendation initial definition. ...

RTCOutboundRtpStreamStats.framesEncoded - Web APIs
the framesencoded property of the rtcoutboundrtpstreamstats dictionary indicates the total number of frames that have been encoded by this rtcrtpsender for this media source. syntax var framesencoded = rtcoutboundrtpstreamstats.framesencoded; value an integer value indicating the total number of video frames that this sender has encoded so far for this stream. note: this property is only valid for video streams. specifications specification status comment identifiers for webrtc's statistics apithe definition of 'rtcoutboundrtpstreamstats.framesencoded' in that specification. candidate recommendation initial definition. ...

RTCRtpStreamStats.codecId - Web APIs
the rtcrtpstreamstats dictionary's codecid property is a string which uniquely identifies the object that was inspected to produce the data in the rtccodecstats for the rtp stream. syntax var codecid = rtcrtpstreamstats.codecid; value a domstring which uniquely identifies the object from which the contents of the stream's rtccodecstats are derived. specifications specification status comment identifiers for webrtc's statistics apithe definition of 'rtcrtpstreamstats.codecid' in that specification. candidate recommendation initial definition. ...

SVGImageElement.decode - Web APIs
the decode() method of the svgimageelement interface initiates asynchronous decoding of an image, returning a promise that resolves once the image data is ready for use. syntax var promise = svgimageelement.decode(); parameters none. return value a promise which resolves once the image data is ready to be used, such as by appending it to the dom, replacing an existing image, and so forth. exceptions none. specifications specification status comment scalable vector graphics (svg) 2 candidate recommendation initial definition. html living standardthe definition of 'decode()' in that specification. living standard ...

SecurityPolicyViolationEvent.statusCode - Web APIs
the statuscode read-only property of the securitypolicyviolationevent interface is a number representing the http status code of the document or worker in which the violation occurred. syntax let status = violationeventinstance.statuscode; value a number representing the status code of the document or worker in which the violation occurred. example document.addeventlistener("securitypolicyviolation", (e) => { console.log(e.statuscode); }); specifications specification status comment content security policy level 3the definition of 'statuscode' in that specification. working draft initial definition ...

TextEncoder.encoding - Web APIs
the textencoder.encoding read-only property returns a domstring containing the name of the encoding algorithm used by the specific encoder. it can only have the following value utf-8. syntax b = encoder.encoding; specifications specification status comment encodingthe definition of 'textencoder.encoding' in that specification. living standard initial definition. ...

Warning: unreachable code after return statement - JavaScript
the javascript warning "unreachable code after return statement" occurs when using an expression after a return statement, or when using a semicolon-less return statement but including an expression directly after. message warning: unreachable code after return statement (firefox) error type warning what went wrong? unreachable code after a return statement might occur in these situations: when using an expression after a return statement, or when using a semicolon-less return statement but including an expression directly after. when an expression exists after a valid return statement, a warning is given to indicate that the code after the return statement is unreachable, meaning it can never be run. why should i have semicolons after return statements? in the case of semicolon...

unicode-range - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
the unicode-range attribute defines the range of iso 10646 characters possibly covered by the glyphs in a font. only one element is using this attribute: <font-face> usage notes value <urange># default value none animatable no <urange># this value is a comma-separated list of iso 10646 characters possibly covered by the glyphs in the font. specifications specification status comment scalable vector graphics (svg) 1.1 (second edition)the definition of 'unicode-range' in that specification. recommendation initial definition ...

Index - Web APIs
below is a list of all the apis and interfaces (object types) that you may be able to use while developing your web app or site. 2 angle_instanced_arrays api, reference, webgl, webgl extension the angle_instanced_arrays extension is part of the webgl api and allows to draw the same object, or groups of similar objects multiple times, if they share the same vertex data, primitive count and type. ...
...dresserrors, error, locality, payment request, payment request api, property, read-only, reference, dependentlocality, payment an object based on addresserrors includes a dependentlocality property when the address's dependentlocality property couldn't be validated. the returned string explains the error and should offer suggestions for how to correct it. 34 addresserrors.languagecode api, address, addresserrors, deprecated, language, languagecode, locale, payment request, payment request api, property, reference, payment an object based on addresserrors includes a languagecode property when the address's languagecode property couldn't be validated. the returned string explains the error and should offer suggestions for how to correct it. 35 addresserrors.
...esserrors, payment request, payment request api, phone, phone number, property, read-only, reference, telephone number, téléphone, validation, payment an object based on addresserrors includes a phone property when the address's phone property couldn't be validated. the returned string explains the error and should offer suggestions for how to correct it. 37 addresserrors.postalcode api, address, addresserrors, payment request, payment request api, post code, postal code, property, read-only, reference, validation, zip, zip code, payment, postalcode an object based on addresserrors includes a postalcode property when the address's postalcode property couldn't be validated. the returned string explains the error and should offer suggestions for how to correct it. ...
...And 178 more matches

Key Values - Web APIs
the tables below list the standard key values in various categories of key, with an explanation of what the key is typically used for. corresponding virtual keycodes for common platforms are included where available. learn how to use these key values in javascript using keyboardevent.key special values | modifier keys | whitespace keys | navigation keys | editing keys | ui keys | device keys | ime and composition keys | function keys | phone keys | multimedia keys | audio control keys | tv control keys | media controller keys | speech recognition keys | document keys | application selector keys | browser control keys | numeric keypad keys special values values of key which have special meanings other than identifying a specific key or character. keyboardevent.key value ...
... | function keys | phone keys | multimedia keys | audio control keys | tv control keys | media controller keys | speech recognition keys | document keys | application selector keys | browser control keys | numeric keypad keys special values values of key which have special meanings other than identifying a specific key or character. keyboardevent.key value description virtual keycode windows mac linux android "unidentified" the user agent wasn't able to map the event's virtual keycode to a specific key value. this can happen due to hardware or software constraints, or because of constraints around the platform on which the user agent is running. varies varies varies varies modifier keys modifiers are special ...
...form on which the user agent is running. varies varies varies varies modifier keys modifiers are special keys which are used to generate special characters or cause special actions when used in combination with other keys. examples include the shift and control keys, and lock keys such as caps lock and numlock. ...
...And 123 more matches

Index - Archive of obsolete content
mary! 9 add-ons add-ons, archive, extensions archived add-ons documentation. 10 add-on sdk add-on sdk, jetpack no summary! 11 builder no summary! 12 guides add-on sdk no summary! 13 content scripts add-on sdk many add-ons need to access and modify the content of web pages. but the main add-on code doesn't get direct access to web content. instead, sdk add-ons need to factor the code that gets access to web content into separate scripts that are called content scripts. this page describes how to develop and implement content scripts. 14 communicating with other scripts no summary! 15 communicating using "port" to enable add-on scripts and content...
...scripts. self provides: 23 contributor's guide no summary! 24 classes and inheritance add-on sdk no summary! 25 content processes add-on sdk no summary! 26 getting started add-on sdk learn how to contribute to the add-on sdk. 27 modules add-ons, extensions a module is a self-contained unit of code, which is usually stored in a file, and has a well defined interface. the use of modules greatly improves the maintainability of code, by splitting it up into independent components, and enforcing logical boundaries between them. unfortunately, javascript does not yet have native support for modules: it has to rely on the host application to provide it with functionality such as loading subscript...
...eral ways to emulate private properties using existing language features. this article discusses two common techniques: one using prefixes, the other closures. ...
...And 116 more matches

StringView - Archive of obsolete content
the aims of this library are: to create a c-like interface for strings (i.e., an array of character codes — an arraybufferview in javascript) based upon the javascript arraybuffer interface to create a highly extensible library that anyone can extend by adding methods to the object stringview.prototype to create a collection of methods for such string-like objects (since now: stringviews) which work strictly on arrays of numbers rather than on creating new immutable javascript strings to work with unicode encodings other than javascript's default utf-16 domstrings introduction as web applications become more and more powerful, adding features such as audio and video manipulation, access to raw data using websockets, and so forth, it has become clear that there are times when...
...numbers rather than on creating new immutable javascript strings to work with unicode encodings other than javascript's default utf-16 domstrings introduction as web applications become more and more powerful, adding features such as audio and video manipulation, access to raw data using websockets, and so forth, it has become clear that there are times when it would be helpful for javascript code to be able to quickly and easily manipulate raw binary data. in the past, this had to be simulated by treating the raw data as a string and using the charcodeat() method to read the bytes from the data buffer. however, this is slow and error-prone, due to the need for multiple conversions (especially if the binary data is not actually byte-format data, but, for example, 32-bit integers or floats...
...thod to read the bytes from the data buffer. however, this is slow and error-prone, due to the need for multiple conversions (especially if the binary data is not actually byte-format data, but, for example, 32-bit integers or floats). javascript typed arrays provide a mechanism for accessing raw binary data much more efficiently. the stringview constructor is one level above typed arrays. ...
...And 80 more matches

Index
# page tags and summary 1 xpcom add-ons, extensions, landing, mozilla, xpcom xpcom is a cross platform component object model, similar to microsoft com. it has multiple language bindings, allowing xpcom components to be used and implemented in javascript, java, and python in addition to c++. 2 accessing the windows registry using xpcom add-ons, code snippets, extensions, needsclassification, windows registry when implementing windows-specific functionality, it is often useful to access the windows registry for information about the environment or other installed programs. to this end, there exist xpcom interfaces to read and write registry data. this article will show you how to use the available interfaces in several mozilla products.
...new nsigenericfactory interface takes this a step further, by providing a single interface that can be reused anytime a simple implementation of nsifactory is needed. here is the interface, and a description of its use.</t> 10 how to pass an xpcom object to a new window needsexample, needshelp if you want to be able to call functions within an xpcom object from a xul window's code, you can do so if you pass the xpcom object as one of the arguments to the window creation method. 11 how to build a binary xpcom component using visual studio add-ons, extensions, xpcom this is a simple tutorial for building xpcom objects in c++ using visual studio. xpcom is mozilla’s cross platform component object model, similar to microsoft’s com technology. xpcom com...
...e classes indexed by cid. 22 components.interfaces xpcom:language bindings, xpconnect components.interfaces is a read-only object whose properties are interfaces indexed by their names. 23 components.interfacesbyid xpcom:language bindings, xpconnect components.interfacesbyid is a read-only array of classes indexed by iid. 24 components.issuccesscode xpcom, xpcom:language bindings, xpconnect determines whether a given xpcom return code (that is, an nsresult value) indicates the success or failure of an operation, returning true or false respectively. 25 components.lastresult xpcom:language bindings, xpconnect no summary! 26 components.manager xpcom:language bindings, xpconnect components.man...
...And 59 more matches

HTTP Index - HTTP
used by the server to advertise its support of partial requests. the value of this field indicates the unit that can be used to define a range. 55 access-control-allow-credentials access-control-allow-credentials, cors, http, reference, credentials, header the access-control-allow-credentials response header tells browsers whether to expose the response to frontend javascript code when the request's credentials mode (request.credentials) is include. 56 access-control-allow-headers cors, http, reference, response header, header the access-control-allow-headers response header is used in response to a preflight request which includes the access-control-request-headers to indicate which http headers can be used during the actual request. 57 acc...
...hods allowed when accessing the resource in response to a preflight request. 58 access-control-allow-origin access control, access-control-allow-origin, cors, dealing with cors, http, http header, how to fix cors, reference, security, cross-origin issue, header, origin the access-control-allow-origin response header indicates whether the response can be shared with requesting code from the given origin. 59 access-control-expose-headers cors, http, reference, header the access-control-expose-headers response header indicates which headers can be exposed as part of the response by listing their names. 60 access-control-max-age cors, http, reference, header the access-control-max-age response header indicates how long the results of a...
...plies to. the subpart is delimited by the boundary defined in the content-type header. used on the body itself, content-disposition has no effect. 71 content-encoding http, headers, reference the content-encoding entity header is used to compress the media-type. when present, its value indicates which encodings were applied to the entity-body. it lets the client know how to decode in order to obtain the media-type referenced by the content-type header. 72 content-language http, headers, reference the content-language entity header is used to describe the language(s) intended for the audience, so that it allows a user to differentiate according to the users' own preferred language. 73 content-length http, headers, reference the cont...
...And 58 more matches

Index
2 creating javascript tests automated testing, build documentation, guide, qa, spidermonkey in which test suite does your new test belong? 3 creating javascript jstest reftests ecmascript, guide, javascript, test in the js/src/tests directory, there are a few important subdirectories. ...
...foss guide, spidermonkey feel free to add your own spidermonkey-based open source projects (and if necessary add categories)! 5 future directions guide, mozilla, spidermonkey this article documents future directions in functionality, design, and coding practices for spidermonkey. it can be read as something like an "ideal future state" for the engine. that means the code as it is today won't match this document, and that's ok. whenever practical, new code and changes should move code closer to the ideal future. and of course, the idea of the future is always evolving in time as things change and we learn more. 6 gc rooting guide spidermonkey no summary! 7 gcintegration developing mozilla, firefox, garbage collection, intermedia...
... 6 gc rooting guide spidermonkey no summary! 7 gcintegration developing mozilla, firefox, garbage collection, intermediate, intro, jsapi, needsupdate, spidermonkey, tools, memory the spidermonkey garbage collector (gc) will be changing a lot in the future. this page is intended to explain the changes that are happening, with a focus on how they will affect gecko code that uses jsapi. at a high level, there are three issues to be aware of: 8 getting spidermonkey source code guide, spidermonkey you can get the spidermonkey source code in gzipped form or directly from the mercurial repository. 9 hacking tips spidermonkey this page list a few tips to help you investigate issues related to spidermonkey. all tips listed her...
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Index
abase), and nss will then transparently manage the database files. most of the time certificates and keys are supposed to be stored in the nss database. therefore, after initial import or creation, the programmer usually doesn't deal with their raw bytes. instead, the programmer will use lookup functions, and nss will provide an access handle that will be subsequently used by the application's code. those handles are reference counted. nss will usually create an in-memory (ram) presentation of certificates, once a certificate has been received from the network, read from disk, or looked up from the database, and prepare in-memory data structures that contain the certificate's properties, as well as providing a handle for the programmer to use. once the application is done with a handle, it ...
...free the associated resources. when working with handles to private keys it's usually difficult (and undesired) that an application gets access to the raw key data; therefore it may be difficult to extract such data from nss. the usual minimum requirement is that private keys must be wrapped using a protective layer (such as password-based encryption). the intention is to make it easier to review code for security. the less code that has access to raw secret keys, the less code that must be reviewed. nss has only limited functionality to look up raw keys. the preferred approach is to use certificates, and to look up certificates by properties such as the contained subject name (information that describes the owner of the certificate). for example, while nss supports random calculation (crea...
...ion is passed to the parser, which will analyze the asn.1 data stream accordingly. the templates are usually closely aligned to definitions found in rfc documents. a data block described as der is usually in asn.1 format. you must know which data you are expecting, and use the correct template for parsing, based on the context of your software's interaction. data described as pem is a base64 encoded presentation of der, usually wrapped between human readable begin/end lines. nss prefers the binary presentation, but is often capable to use base64 or ascii presentations, especially when importing data from files. a recent development adds support for loading external pem files that contain private keys, in a software library called nss-pem, which is separately available, but should eventually...
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Media container formats (file types) - Web media technologies
the format of audio and video media files is defined in two parts (three if a file has both audio and video in it, of course): the audio and/or video codecs used and the media container format (or file type) used. in this guide, we'll look at the container formats used most commonly on the web, covering basics about their specifications as well as their benefits, limitations, and ideal use cases. webrtc does not use a container at all. instead, it streams the encoded audio and video tracks directly from one peer to another using mediastreamtrack objects to represent each track. see codecs used by webrtc for information about codecs commonly used for making webrtc calls, as well as browser compatibility information around codec support in webrtc. common container formats while there are a v...
...hers support both audio and video. the mime types and extensions for each are listed.the most commonly used containers for media on the web are probably mpeg-4 (mp4), quicktime movie (mov), and the wavefile audio file format (wav). however, you may also encounter mp3, ogg, webm, avi, and other formats. ...
...pported by browsers, however; some combinations of container and codec are sometimes given their own file extensions and mime types as a matter of convenience, or because of their ubiquity. for example, an ogg file with only an opus audio track is sometimes referred to as an opus file, and might even have the extension .opus. but it's still actually just an ogg file. in other cases, a particular codec, stored in a certain container type, is so ubiquitous that the pairing is treated in a unique fashion. a good example of this is the mp3 audio file, which is in fact an mpeg-1 container with a single audio track encoded using mpeg-1 audio layer iii encoding. these files use the audio/mp3 mime type and the .mp3 extension, even though their containers are just mpeg. index of media container forma...
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Index - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms
, dictionary, glossary, index, landing, terminology web technologies contain long lists of jargon and abbreviations that are used in documentation and coding. this glossary provides definitions of words and abbreviations you need to know to successfully understand and build for the web. 2 404 glossary, http errors, infrastructure, navigation a 404 is a standard response code meaning that the server cannot find the requested resource. 3 502 502, bad gateway, glossary, http errors, infrastructure, navigation an http error code meaning "bad gateway". 4 alpn alpn, draft, glossary, needscontent, tls application-layer protocol negotiation (alpn) is a tls extension which indicates what application layer protocol is negotiating the e...
...antics and other metadata to html to cater to users of assistive technology. 7 arpa glossary, infrastructure .arpa (address and routing parameter area) is a top-level domain used for internet infrastructure purposes, especially reverse dns lookup (i.e., find the domain name for a given ip address). 8 ascii glossary, infrastructure ascii (american standard code for information interchange) is one of the most popular coding method used by computers for converting letters, numbers, punctuation and control codes into digital form. since 2007, utf-8 superseded it on the web. 9 atag atag, accessibility, authoring tool accessibility guidelines, glossary atag (authoring tool accessibility guidelines) is a w3c recommendation for building ac...
...iding metadata. 26 bandwidth glossary, infrastructure bandwidth is the measure of how much information can pass through a data connection in a given amount of time. it is usually measured in multiples of bits-per-second (bps), for example megabits-per-second (mbps) or gigabits-per-second (gbps). 27 base64 advanced, base64, javascript, typed arrays, uri, url, unicode problem, atob(), btoa() base64 is a group of similar binary-to-text encoding schemes that represent binary data in an ascii string format by translating it into a radix-64 representation. the term base64 originates from a specific mime content transfer encoding. 28 baseline css, glossary, svg, alignment, typography the baseline is a term used in european and west asian ...
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Handling common JavaScript problems - Learn web development
ification), things were often implemented in conflicting, incompatible ways, causing developers many nightmares. such incompatibility problems persisted well into the early 2000s, as old browsers were still being used and still needed supporting. this is one of the main reasons why libraries like jquery came into existence — to abstract away differences in browser implementations (e.g. ...
...many nightmares. such incompatibility problems persisted well into the early 2000s, as old browsers were still being used and still needed supporting. this is one of the main reasons why libraries like jquery came into existence — to abstract away differences in browser implementations (e.g. see the code snippet in how to make an http request) so developers only have to write one simple bit of code (see jquery.ajax()). ...
...e the code snippet in how to make an http request) so developers only have to write one simple bit of code (see jquery.ajax()). jquery (or whatever library you are using) will then handle the differences in the background, so you don't have to. things have improved significantly since then; modern browsers do a good job of supporting "classic javascript features", and the requirement to use such code has diminished as the requirement to support older browsers has lessened (although bear in mind that they have not gone away altogether). these days, most cross-browser javascript problems are seen: when poor-quality browser-sniffing code, feature-detection code, and vendor prefix usage block browsers from running code they could otherwise use just fine. when developers make use of new/nasce...
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NSS functions
most commonly used by applications to support ssl. the nss home page links to additional ssl documentation. if documentation is available for a function listed below, the function name is linked to either its mdc wiki page or its entry in the old ssl reference. ...
...r a function listed below, the function name is linked to either its mdc wiki page or its entry in the old ssl reference. the mozilla cross reference (mxr) link for each function provides access to the function definition, prototype definition, and source code references. the nss version column indicates which versions of nss support the function. ...
...he deprecated functions are not supported by the new ssl shared libraries. applications that want to use the ssl shared libraries must convert to calling the new replacement functions listed below. each function name is linked to its entry in the old ssl reference. ...
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sslfnc.html
gdir); parameter this function has the following parameter: configdir a pointer to a string containing the pathname of the directory where the certificate, key, and security module databases reside. returns the function returns one of these values: if successful, secsuccess. if unsuccessful, secfailure. use pr_geterror to retrieve the error code. description nss_init opens the certn.db, keyn.db, and secmod.db files (wheren is a numeric digit) in the specified directory. nss_init isnot idempotent, so call it only once. nss_init opens the database files read-only. if you are performing operations that require write permission, for example s/mime operations such as adding a certificate, use nss_initreadwrite instead. before call...
...gdir); parameter this function has the following parameter: configdir a pointer to a string containing the pathname of the directory where the certificate, key, and security module databases reside. returns the function returns one of these values: if successful, secsuccess. if unsuccessful, secfailure. use pr_geterror to retrieve the error code. description nss_initreadwrite opens the certn.db, keyn.db, and secmod.db files (wheren is a numeric digit) with both read and write permission in the specified directory. nss_initreadwrite isnot idempotent, so call it only once. use nss_initreadwrite rather than nss_init if you are performing operations that require write permission, such as some s/mime operations. before calling nss_...
... certificate and key database files be opened. syntax #include "nss.h" secstatus nss_nodb_init(char *reserved); parameter this function has the following parameter: reserved should be null.. returns the function returns one of these values: if successful, secsuccess. if unsuccessful, secfailure. use pr_geterror to retrieve the error code. description nss_nodb_init opens only the temporary database and the internal pkcs #112 module. unlike nss_init, nss_nodb_init allows applications that do not have access to storage for databases to run raw crypto, hashing, and certificate functions. nss_nodb_init isnot idempotent, so call it only once. before calling nss_nodb_init, your program must call pr_init. the policy flags f...
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Migrating from webkitAudioContext - Web APIs
the web audio api went through many iterations before reaching its current state. it was first implemented in webkit, and some of its older parts were not immediately removed as they were replaced in the specification, leading to many sites using non-compatible code. in this article, we cover the differences in web audio api since it was first implemented in webkit and how to update your code to use the modern web audio api. the web audio standard was first implemented in webkit, and the implementation was built in parallel with the work on the specification of the api. as the specification evolved and changes were made to the spec, some of the old implementation pieces were not removed from the webkit (and blink) implementations due to backwards compatibility reasons. new engines im...
...l with the work on the specification of the api. as the specification evolved and changes were made to the spec, some of the old implementation pieces were not removed from the webkit (and blink) implementations due to backwards compatibility reasons. new engines implementing the web audio spec (such as gecko) will only implement the official, final version of the specification, which means that code using webkitaudiocontext or old naming conventions in the web audio specification may not immediately work out of the box in a compliant web audio implementation. this article attempts to summarize the areas where developers are likely to encounter these problems and provide examples on how to port such code to standards based audiocontext, which will work across different browser engines. not...
... in a compliant web audio implementation. this article attempts to summarize the areas where developers are likely to encounter these problems and provide examples on how to port such code to standards based audiocontext, which will work across different browser engines. note: there is a library called webkitaudiocontext monkeypatch, which automatically fixes some of these changes to make most code targetting webkitaudiocontext to work on the standards based audiocontext out of the box, but it currently doesn't handle all of the cases below. please consult the readme file for that library to see a list of apis that are automatically handled by it. changes to the creator methods three of the creator methods on webkitaudiocontext have been renamed in audiocontext. creategainnode() has ...
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HTML text fundamentals - Learn web development
ctural markup. active learning: giving our content structure let's jump straight in with a live example. in the example below, add elements to the raw text in the input field so that it appears as a heading and two paragraphs in the output field. if you make a mistake, you can always reset it using the reset button. if you get stuck, press the show solution button to see the answer. playable code <h2>live output</h2> <div class="output" style="min-height: 50px;"> </div> <h2>editable code</h2> <p class="a11y-label">press esc to move focus away from the code area (tab inserts a tab character).</p> <textarea id="code" class="input" style="min-height: 100px; width: 95%">my short story i am a statistician and my name is trish. my legs are made of cardboard and i am married to a fish.</tex...
...</textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px; background: #f5f9fa; } var textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); var reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); var solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var code = textarea.value; var userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry = htmlsolu...
...var solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var code = textarea.value; var userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry = htmlsolution; solution.value = 'show solution'; updatecode(); }); solution.addeventlistener('click', function() { if(solution.value === 'show solution') { textarea.value = solutionentry; solution.value = 'hide solution'; } else { textarea.value = userentry; solution.value = 'show solution'; } updatecode(); }); var htmlsolution = '<h1>my short story</h1>\n<p>i am a statistician and my name is trish.</p>\n<p>my legs are made of ca...
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Mozilla internal string guide
introduction the string classes are a library of c++ classes which are used to manage buffers of wide (16-bit) and narrow (8-bit) character strings. the headers and implementation are in the xpcom/string directory. all strings are stored as a single contiguous buffer of characters. the 8-bit and 16-bit string classes have completely separate base classes, but share the same apis. as a result, you cannot assign a 8-bit string to a 16-bit string without some kind of conversion helper class or routine. ...
...ust convenient notation for constructing an ns[c]s[ubs]tring with a non-default ownership mode; they should not be thought of as different types. nsliteral[c]string which should rarely be constructed explicitly but usually through the ""_ns and u""_ns user-defined string literals. nsliteral[c]string is trivially constructible and destructible, and therefore does not emit construction/destruction code when stored in statics, as opposed to the other string classes. the major string classes the list below describes the main base classes. once you are familiar with them, see the appendix describing what class to use when. nsastring/nsacstring: the abstract base class for all strings. it provides an api for assignment, individual character access, basic manipulation of characters in the stri...
...by guaranteeing a null-terminated storage. this allows for a method (.get()) to access the underlying character buffer. the remainder of the string classes inherit from either nsastring or nsstring. thus, every string class is compatible with nsastring. since every string derives from nsastring (or nsacstring), they all share a simple api. common read-only methods: .length() - the number of code units (bytes for 8-bit string classes and char16_ts for 16-bit string classes) in the string. .isempty() - the fastest way of determining if the string has any value. use this instead of testing string.length == 0 .equals(string) - true if the given string has the same value as the current string. common methods that modify the string: .assign(string) - assigns a new value to the string. ...
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Useful string methods - Learn web development
eturns a number representing the index position of the substring — which character number of the main string the substring starts at. if the substring is not found inside the main string, it returns a value of -1. try this: browsertype.indexof('zilla'); this gives us a result of 2, because the substring "zilla" starts at position 2 (0, 1, 2 — so 3 characters in) inside "mozilla". such code could be used to filter strings. for example, we may have a list of web addresses and only want to print out the ones that contain "mozilla". this can be done in another way, which is possibly even more effective. try the following: browsertype.indexof('vanilla'); this should give you a result of -1 — this is returned when the substring, in this case 'vanilla', is not found in the main ...
... actually update the value of the browsertype variable in a real program, you'd have to set the variable value to be the result of the operation; it doesn't just update the substring value automatically. so you'd have to actually write this: browsertype = browsertype.replace('moz','van'); active learning examples in this section we'll get you to try your hand at writing some string manipulation code. in each exercise below, we have an array of strings, and a loop that processes each value in the array and displays it in a bulleted list. you don't need to understand arrays or loops right now — these will be explained in future articles. all you need to do in each case is write the code that will output the strings in the format that we want them in. each example comes with a "reset" button...
... an array of strings, and a loop that processes each value in the array and displays it in a bulleted list. you don't need to understand arrays or loops right now — these will be explained in future articles. all you need to do in each case is write the code that will output the strings in the format that we want them in. each example comes with a "reset" button, which you can use to reset the code if you make a mistake and can't get it working again, and a "show solution" button you can press to see a potential answer if you get really stuck. filtering greeting messages in the first exercise we'll start you off simple — we have an array of greeting card messages, but we want to sort them to list just the christmas messages. we want you to fill in a conditional test inside the if( ... )...
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JSAPI User Guide
this document explains how to embed spidermonkey, the mozilla javascript engine, in your c++ program. javascript is widely used for client-side scripts that run in the browser. but mozilla's javascript engine is a library that can be linked into any c++ program, not just a browser. many applications can benefit from scripting. these programs can execute javascript code from c++ using the spidermonkey api. note: the foss wiki page contains a few links to other libraries and programs that can make life easier when using spidermonkey and jsapi. what spidermonkey does the javascript engine compiles and executes scripts containing javascript statements and functions. the engine handles memory allocation for the objects needed to execute scripts, and it cleans up—garbage collects—objects it...
..., window.open, and xmlhttprequest. but in mozilla, all of these features are actually provided by other components, not the spidermonkey engine itself. spidermonkey provides a few core javascript data types—numbers, strings, arrays, objects, and so on—and a few methods, such as array.push. it also makes it easy for each application to expose some of its own objects and functions to javascript code. browsers expose dom objects. your application will expose objects that are relevant for the kind of scripts you want to write. it is up to the application developer to decide what objects and methods are exposed to scripts. hello world using the spidermonkey library to build spidermonkey from source, see spidermonkey build documentation. some systems (such as debian) provide spidermonkey as ...
... kind of scripts you want to write. it is up to the application developer to decide what objects and methods are exposed to scripts. hello world using the spidermonkey library to build spidermonkey from source, see spidermonkey build documentation. some systems (such as debian) provide spidermonkey as a prebuilt package. build it from source instead. your program will be easier to debug. c++ code accesses spidermonkey via the jsapi, by including the header "jsapi.h". an overview of jsapi functionality follows. for more details, see the jsapi reference. the spidermonkey universe in order to run any javascript code in spidermonkey, an application must have three key elements: a jsruntime, a jscontext, and a global object. this section describes what these things are. the next section expl...
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Advanced text formatting - Learn web development
previous overview: introduction to html next there are many other elements in html for formatting text, which we didn't get to in the html text fundamentals article. the elements described in this article are less known, but still useful to know about (and this is still not a complete list by any means). here you'll learn about marking up quotations, description lists, computer code and other related text, subscript and superscript, contact information, and more. prerequisites: basic html familiarity, as covered in getting started with html. html text formatting, as covered in html text fundamentals. objective: to learn how to use lesser-known html elements to mark up advanced semantic features. description lists in html text fundamentals, we walked t...
...t of definitions it's time to try your hand at description lists; add elements to the raw text in the input field so that it appears as a description list in the output field. you could try using your own terms and descriptions if you like. if you make a mistake, you can always reset it using the reset button. if you get really stuck, press the show solution button to see the answer. playable code <h2>live output</h2> <div class="output" style="min-height: 50px;"> </div> <h2>editable code</h2> <p class="a11y-label">press esc to move focus away from the code area (tab inserts a tab character).</p> <textarea id="code" class="input" style="min-height: 100px; width: 95%"> bacon the glue that binds the world together. eggs the glue that binds the cake together. coffee the drink that gets th...
...textarea> <div class="playable-buttons"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset"> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution"> </div> html { font-family: sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px; background: #f5f9fa; } const textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); const reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); const solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); const output = document.queryselector('.output'); const code = textarea.value; const userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry ...
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Cooperative asynchronous JavaScript: Timeouts and intervals - Learn web development
previous overview: asynchronous next this tutorial looks at the traditional methods javascript has available for running code asychronously after a set time period has elapsed, or at a regular interval (e.g. a set number of times per second), discusses what they are useful for, and considers their inherent issues. prerequisites: basic computer literacy, a reasonable understanding of javascript fundamentals. objective: to understand asynchronous loops and intervals and what they are useful for. ...
... and considers their inherent issues. prerequisites: basic computer literacy, a reasonable understanding of javascript fundamentals. objective: to understand asynchronous loops and intervals and what they are useful for. introduction for a long time, the web platform has offered javascript programmers a number of functions that allow them to asynchronously execute code after a certain time interval has elapsed, and to repeatedly execute a block of code asynchronously until you tell it to stop. these functions are: settimeout() execute a specified block of code once after a specified time has elapsed. setinterval() execute a specified block of code repeatedly with a fixed time delay between each call. requestanimationframe() the modern version of setint...
...sed, and to repeatedly execute a block of code asynchronously until you tell it to stop. these functions are: settimeout() execute a specified block of code once after a specified time has elapsed. setinterval() execute a specified block of code repeatedly with a fixed time delay between each call. requestanimationframe() the modern version of setinterval(). executes a specified block of code before the browser next repaints the display, allowing an animation to be run at a suitable framerate regardless of the environment it is being run in. the asynchronous code set up by these functions runs on the main thread (after their specified timer has elapsed). ...
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Document - Web APIs
ent set as the target for mouse events while the pointer is locked. null if lock is pending, pointer is unlocked, or if the target is in another document. documentorshadowroot.stylesheetsread only returns a stylesheetlist of cssstylesheet objects for stylesheets explicitly linked into, or embedded in a document. ...
...unlocked, or if the target is in another document. documentorshadowroot.stylesheetsread only returns a stylesheetlist of cssstylesheet objects for stylesheets explicitly linked into, or embedded in a document. event handlers document.onafterscriptexecute represents the event handling code for the afterscriptexecute event. document.onbeforescriptexecute represents the event handling code for the beforescriptexecute event. ...
...nly returns a stylesheetlist of cssstylesheet objects for stylesheets explicitly linked into, or embedded in a document. event handlers document.onafterscriptexecute represents the event handling code for the afterscriptexecute event. document.onbeforescriptexecute represents the event handling code for the beforescriptexecute event. document.oncopy represents the event handling code for the copy event. document.oncut represents the event handling code for the cut event. document.onfullscreenchange is an eventhandler representing the code to be called when the fullscreenchange event is raised. document.onfullscreenerror is an eventhandler representing the code to be called when the fullscreenerror event is raised. document.onpaste represents the event handling cod...
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WebIDL bindings
all webidl files should be placed in dom/webidl and added to the list in the moz.build file in that directory. ...
...st without the review; it will just annoy the dom peers and they'll make you get the review anyway. the configuration file, dom/bindings/bindings.conf, is basically a python dict that maps interface names to information about the interface, called a descriptor. there are all sorts of possible options here that handle various edge cases, but most descriptors can be very simple. all the generated code is placed in the mozilla::dom namespace. for each interface, a namespace whose name is the name of the interface with binding appended is created, and all the things pertaining to that interface's binding go in that namespace. there are various helper objects and utility methods in dom/bindings that are also all in the mozilla::dom namespace and whose headers are all exported into mozilla/dom (p...
...the idea is that walking the getparentobject chain will eventually get you to a window, so that every webidl object is associated with a particular window. for example, nsinode::getparentobject returns the node's owner document. the return type of getparentobject doesn't matter other than it must either singly...
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Graceful asynchronous programming with Promises - Learn web development
them in a lot more depth. essentially, a promise is an object that represents an intermediate state of an operation — in effect, a promise that a result of some kind will be returned at some point in the future. there is no guarantee of exactly when the operation will complete and the result will be returned, but there is a guarantee that when the result is available, or the promise fails, the code you provide will be executed in order to do something else with a successful result, or to gracefully handle a failure case. generally, you are less interested in the amount of time an async operation will take to return its result (unless of course, it takes far too long!), and more interested in being able to respond to it being returned, whenever that is. and of course, it's nice that it does...
...ted in order to do something else with a successful result, or to gracefully handle a failure case. generally, you are less interested in the amount of time an async operation will take to return its result (unless of course, it takes far too long!), and more interested in being able to respond to it being returned, whenever that is. and of course, it's nice that it doesn't block the rest of the code execution. one of the most common engagements you'll have with promises is with web apis that return a promise. let's consider a hypothetical video chat application. the application has a window with a list of the user's friends, and clicking on a button next to a user starts a video call to that user. that button's handler calls getusermedia() in order to get access to the user's camera and mi...
...able option; without promises, everything in the browser becomes unusable until the user decides what to do about the camera and microphone. so instead of waiting for the user, getting the chosen devices enabled, and directly returning the mediastream for the stream created from the selected sources, getusermedia() returns a promise which is resolved with the mediastream once it's available. ...
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Introducing a complete toolchain - Learn web development
articles in the series we will solidify your tooling knowledge by walking you through the process of building up a sample case study toolchain. we'll go all the way from setting up a sensible development environment and putting transformation tools in place to actually deploying your app on netlify. in this article we'll introduce the case study, set up our development environment, and set up our code transformation tools. prerequisites: familiarity with the core html, css, and javascript languages. objective: to solidify what we've learnt so far by working through a complete toolchain case study. there really are unlimited combinations of tools and ways to use them, what you see in this article and the next is only one way that the featured tools can be used fo...
...ctive: to solidify what we've learnt so far by working through a complete toolchain case study. there really are unlimited combinations of tools and ways to use them, what you see in this article and the next is only one way that the featured tools can be used for a project. note: it's also worth repeating that not all of these tools need to be run on the command line. many of today's code editors (such as vs code and atom) have integration support for a lot of tools via plugins. introducing our case study the toolchain that we are creating in this article will be used to build and deploy a mini site that lists data (taken from one of nasa's open apis) concerning potentially hazardous space objects that threaten our existence on earth! it looks like this: you can see a live v...
...t need to know react to follow this tutorial, but we've included this to give you an idea of how a non-native web language could be integrated into a toolchain. the latest built-in javascript features (at time of writing), such as import. useful development tools such as prettier for formatting and eslint for linting. postcss to provide css nesting capabilities. parcel to build and minify our code, and to write a bunch of configuration file content automatically for us. github to manage our source code control. netlify to automate our deployment process. you may not be familiar with all the above features and tools or what they are doing, but don't panic — we'll explain each part as we move through this article. toolchains and their inherent complexity as with any chain, the more l...
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imgIContainer
???????????????????. ...
...erfaces.imgicontainer); method overview void addrestoredata([array, size_is(acount), const] in char data, in unsigned long acount); native code only! obsolete since gecko 2.0 void appendframe(in print32 ax, in print32 ay, in print32 awidth, in print32 aheight, in gfximageformat aformat, [array, size_is(imagelength)] out pruint8 imagedata, out unsigned long imagelength); native code only! obsolete since gecko 2.0 void appendpalettedframe(in print32 ax, in print32 ay, in print32 awidth, in print32 aheight, in gfximageformat aformat, in pruint8 apalettedepth, [array, size_is(imagelength)] out pruint8 imagedata, out unsigned long imagelength, [array, size_is(palettelength)] out pruint32 palettedata, out unsigned long palettelength); native code only! obsolete since ge...
...dth, in print32 aheight, in gfximageformat aformat, in pruint8 apalettedepth, [array, size_is(imagelength)] out pruint8 imagedata, out unsigned long imagelength, [array, size_is(palettelength)] out pruint32 palettedata, out unsigned long palettelength); native code only! obsolete since gecko 2.0 void clear(); obsolete since gecko 1.9.2 gfximagesurface copycurrentframe(); native code only! obsolete since gecko 2.0 gfximagesurface copyframe(in pruint32 awhichframe, in pruint32 aflags); native code only! void decodingcomplete(); obsolete since gecko 2.0 void draw(in gfxcontext acontext, in gfxgraphicsfilter afilter, [const] in gfxmatrix auserspacetoimagespace, [const] in gfxrect afill, [const] in nsintrect asubimage, [const] in nsintsize aviewportsi...
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Digital audio concepts - Web media technologies
sampling audio audio is an inherently analog feature of the natural world. as an object vibrates, it causes the molecules surrounding it to vibrate as well. ...
... sampling audio audio is an inherently analog feature of the natural world. as an object vibrates, it causes the molecules surrounding it to vibrate as well. ...
... sampling audio audio is an inherently analog feature of the natural world. as an object vibrates, it causes the molecules surrounding it to vibrate as well. ...
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Python binding for NSS
r will be quite comfortable with python-nss. be "pythonic". the term pythonic means to follow accepted python paradigms and idoms in the python language and libraries. thus when deciding if the nss/nspr api should be rigidly followed or a more pythonic api provided the pythonic implementation wins because python programmers do not want to write c programs in python, rather they want their python code to feel like python code with the richness of full python. identifer names follow the preferred python style instead of the style in the nss/nspr c header files. classes are camel-case. class names always begin with a upper case letter and are then followed by a mix of lower and upper case letters, a upper case letter is used to separate words. acronyms always appear as a contiguous string...
...lso, any "global" values which are set in python-nss are actually thread-local. examples of this are the various callbacks which can be set and their parameters. thus each thread gets it own set of callbacks. many methods/functions provide sane default (keyword) parameters freeing the python programmer from having to specify all parameters yet allowing them to be overriden when necessary. error codes are never returned from methods/functions. python-nss follows the existing python exception mechanism. any error reported by nss/nspr is converted into a python exception and raised. the exact error code, error description, and often contextual error information will be present in the exception object. enumerated constants used in the nss/nspr api's are available in the python module under the ...
...ject. enumerated constants used in the nss/nspr api's are available in the python module under the exact same name as they appear in the c header files of nss/nspr. convenience functions are provided to translate between the numeric value of an enumerated constant and it's string representation and visa versa. python-nss internally supports utf-8. strings may be python str objects or python unicode objects. if a python unicode object is passed to a nss/nspr function it will be encoded as utf-8 first before being passed to nss/nspr. python-nss tries to be flexible when generating a print representation of complex objects. for simplicity you can receive a block of formatted text but if you need more control, such as when building gui elments you can access a list of "lines", each line is pai...
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Drawing graphics - Learn web development
cript objects module: around 2006–2007, mozilla started work on an experimental 3d canvas implementation. this became webgl, which gained traction among browser vendors, and was standardized around 2009–2010. webgl allows you to create real 3d graphics inside your web browser; the below example shows a simple rotating webgl cube: this article will focus mainly on 2d canvas, as raw webgl code is very complex. we will however show how to use a webgl library to create a 3d scene more easily, and you can find a tutorial covering raw webgl elsewhere — see getting started with webgl. note: basic canvas functionality is supported well across browsers, with the exception of ie 8 and below for 2d canvas, and ie 11 and below for webgl. active learning: getting started with a <canvas> if...
...g a constantly updating graph of stock prices, the fallback content could be a static image of the latest stock graph, with alt text saying what the prices are in text. creating and sizing our canvas let's start by creating our own canvas that we draw future experiments on to. first make a local copy of our 0_canvas_start.html file, and open it in your text editor. ...
... point (0, 0), the horizontal (x) axis runs from left to right, and the vertical (y) axis runs from top to bottom. drawing shapes tends to be done using the rectangle shape primitive, or by tracing a line along a certain path and then filling in the shape. below we'll show how to do both. simple rectangles let's start with some simple rectangles. first of all, take a copy of your newly coded canvas template (or make a local copy of 1_canvas_template.html if you didn't follow the above steps). next, add the following lines to the bottom of your javascript: ctx.fillstyle = 'rgb(255, 0, 0)'; ctx.fillrect(50, 50, 100, 150); if you save and refresh, you should see a red rectangle has appeared on your canvas. its top left corner is 50 pixels away from the top and left of the c...
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GlobalEventHandlers - Web APIs
eate an object of type globaleventhandlers. properties this interface doesn't include any properties except for the event handlers listed below. event handlers these event handlers are defined on the globaleventhandlers mixin, and implemented by htmlelement, document, window, as well as by workerglobalscope for web workers. globaleventhandlers.onabort is an eventhandler representing the code to be called when the abort event is raised. globaleventhandlers.onanimationcancel an eventhandler called when an animationcancel event is sent, indicating that a running css animation has been canceled. globaleventhandlers.onanimationend an eventhandler called when an animationend event is sent, indicating that a css animation has stopped playing. globaleventhandlers.onanimationiteratio...
...andlers.onanimationstart an eventhandler called when an animationstart event is sent, indicating that a css animation has started playing. globaleventhandlers.onauxclick an eventhandler called when an auxclick event is sent, indicating that a non-primary button has been pressed on an input device (e.g. a middle mouse button). ...
...as started playing. globaleventhandlers.onauxclick an eventhandler called when an auxclick event is sent, indicating that a non-primary button has been pressed on an input device (e.g. a middle mouse button). globaleventhandlers.onblur is an eventhandler representing the code to be called when the blur event is raised. globaleventhandlers.onerror is an onerroreventhandler representing the code to be called when the error event is raised. globaleventhandlers.onfocus is an eventhandler representing the code to be called when the focus event is raised. globaleventhandlers.oncancel is an eventhandler representing the code to be called when the cancel event is raised. globaleventhandlers.oncanplay is an eventhandler representing the code to be called when the canplay event is raised. ...
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Getting started with HTML - Learn web development
the element, put the opening tag <em> at the start of the line. to close the element, put the closing tag </em> at the end of the line. doing this should give the line italic text formatting! see your changes update live in the output area. if you make a mistake, you can clear your work using the reset button. if you get really stuck, press the show solution button to see the answer. playable code <h2>live output</h2> <div class="output" style="min-height: 50px;"> </div> <h2>editable code</h2> <p class="a11y-label">press esc to move focus away from the code area (tab inserts a tab character).</p> <textarea id="code" class="playable-code" style="min-height: 100px;width: 95%"> this is my text. </textarea> <div class="controls"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset" /> <inpu...
...s"> <input id="reset" type="button" value="reset" /> <input id="solution" type="button" value="show solution" /> </div> html { font-family: 'open sans light',helvetica,arial,sans-serif; } h2 { font-size: 16px; } .a11y-label { margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 0.7rem; width: 98%; } body { margin: 10px; background: #f5f9fa; } var textarea = document.getelementbyid('code'); var reset = document.getelementbyid('reset'); var solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var code = textarea.value; var userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry = htmlsolu...
...var solution = document.getelementbyid('solution'); var output = document.queryselector('.output'); var code = textarea.value; var userentry = textarea.value; function updatecode() { output.innerhtml = textarea.value; } reset.addeventlistener('click', function() { textarea.value = code; userentry = textarea.value; solutionentry = htmlsolution; solution.value = 'show solution'; updatecode(); }); solution.addeventlistener('click', function() { if(solution.value === 'show solution') { textarea.value = solutionentry; solution.value = 'hide solution'; } else { textarea.value = userentry; solution.value = 'show solution'; } updatecode(); }); var htmlsolution = '<em>this is my text.</em>'; var solutionentry = htmlsolution; textarea.addeventlistener('input', up...
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Index - Learn web development
se you must be familiar with the technique of your craft, but what really matters is what you want to accomplish. yes, it seems obvious, but too many projects fail not from a lack of technical know-how, but from lack of goals and vision. 17 how do i use github pages? beginner, github, guide, web, gh-pages, git, publish github is a "social coding" site. it allows you to upload code repositories for storage in the git version control system. you can then collaborate on code projects, and the system is open-source by default, meaning that anyone in the world can find your github code, use it, learn from it, and improve on it. you can do that with other people's code too! this article provides a basic guide to publishing content using github's gh-pages feature. 18 h...
...r a certain way, or act a certain way. the enclosing tags can make a word or image hyperlink to somewhere else, can italicize words, can make the font bigger or smaller, and so on. for example, take the following line of content: 40 how the web works beginner, client, dns, http, ip, infrastructure, learn, server, tcp, l10n:priority this theory is not essential to writing web code in the short term, but before long you'll really start to benefit from understanding what's happening in the background. 41 installing basic software beginner, browser, learn, setup, tools, webmechanics, l10n:priority, text editor that looks like a scary list, but fortunately, you can get started in web development without knowing anything about most of these. in this article...
...mmon pitfalls where appropriate. we'll probably add to this resource as time goes on. 51 cooperative asynchronous javascript: timeouts and intervals animation, beginner, codingscripting, guide, intervals, javascript, loops, asynchronous, requestanimationframe, setinterval, settimeout, timeouts this tutorial looks at the traditional methods javascript has available for running code asychronously after a set time period has elapsed, or at a regular interval (e.g. a set number of times per second), discusses what they are useful for, and considers their inherent issues. 52 general asynchronous programming concepts javascript, learn, promises, threads, asynchronous, blocking in this article, we'll run through a number of important concepts relating to asyn...
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nsIJSON
however, you should use native json instead if at all possible. implemented by: @mozilla.org/dom/json;1. ...
...however, you should use native json instead if at all possible. implemented by: @mozilla.org/dom/json;1. ...
...however, you should use native json instead if at all possible. implemented by: @mozilla.org/dom/json;1. ...
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Mozilla
a bird's-eye view of the mozilla framework the purpose of this article is to provide a high-level technical overview of the architecture of the extensible, object-based mozilla application framework. accessibility and mozilla accessibility is the idea that software (among other things) should be designed to be usable and, as much as possible, convenient to use for people with disabilities. ...
...ozilla strives to make its software accessible; the documents below cover the ways in which we do so. add-ons add-ons allow developers to extend and modify the functionality of firefox. adding a new css property this page describes how to add a new css property to the style system. the style system is the part of the code in gecko that is responsible for producing a computed value for every property for every element. see the gecko overview for more information about the style system. adding a new event this draft document covers how to add a new event to the mozilla (firefox) source code. adding a new word to the en-us dictionary occ...
...nology lets firefox help protect users by comparing the urls the user visits to a list of known scam sites, and presenting a warning to the user when they visit a site on the list. an introduction to hacking mozilla this guide introduces the mozilla project and provides an overview for developers interested in contributing to or exploring the various parts of the codebase. android-specific test suites there are several android-specific test suites that run on the firefox for android codebase: api change rules until further notice, the following rules govern api changes: application cache implementation overview this happens in nshttpchannel::opencacheentry(). all top level document ...
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Signing an XPI - Archive of obsolete content
note: these instructions are outdated. for an extension to work in firefox it must be signed by mozilla, not by yourself. see signing and distributing your add-on. note: these instructions are for how to test with a self-signed certificate. see signing an extension for a practical guide. introduction this article describes how to sign your own firefox extensions with a code-signing certificate on a windows platform. it was developed from the linux article so you want to sign your xpi package? by mozdev group's pete collins. this article is a mirror of the original, with minor reformatting, some new info and all links updated in march 2010. get network security services 1. download the latest network security services (nss) package from the mozilla ftp site at https://ftp.mozilla.
...e of these files (e.g. certutil.exe) in the system directory (\windows\system32\) so ensure the new paths are first in the path search list. c:\> set path=c:\apps\nss-3.11.4\bin\;c:\apps\nss-3.11.4\lib\;c:\apps\nspr-4.6\lib\;%path% an easier way is to copy everything from your new directories c:\apps\nss-3.11.4\ and c:\apps\nspr-4.6\ including sub directories to the same directory - fx c:\apps\codesigning\ - and then run every command from that. initialize the certificate database decide which folder to create the certificate database in. use this command to create it (note the trailing dot is required). c:\projects\codesigning\> certutil -n -d . the dot will cause the database to be created in the current directory. you will be prompted for the nss certificate database password - don...
...ry command from that. initialize the certificate database decide which folder to create the certificate database in. use this command to create it (note the trailing dot is required). c:\projects\codesigning\> certutil -n -d . the dot will cause the database to be created in the current directory. you will be prompted for the nss certificate database password - don't forget it! ...
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Making asynchronous programming easier with async and await - Learn web development
previous overview: asynchronous next more recent additions to the javascript language are async functions and the await keyword, part of the so-called ecmascript 2017 javascript edition (see ecmascript next support in mozilla). these features basically act as syntactic sugar on top of promises, making asynchronous code easier to write and to read afterwards. they make async code look more like old-school synchronous code, so they're well worth learning. this article gives you what you need to know. prerequisites: basic computer literacy, a reasonable understanding of javascript fundamentals, an understanding of async code in general and promises. objective: to understand promises and how to use them. the basics of async/await there are two parts to us...
...s code, so they're well worth learning. this article gives you what you need to know. prerequisites: basic computer literacy, a reasonable understanding of javascript fundamentals, an understanding of async code in general and promises. objective: to understand promises and how to use them. the basics of async/await there are two parts to using async/await in your code. the async keyword first of all we have the async keyword, which you put in front of a function declaration to turn it into an async function. an async function is a function that knows how to expect the possibility of the await keyword being used to invoke asynchronous code. try typing the following lines into your browser's js console: function hello() { return "hello" }; hello(); the func...
... using await. by only adding the necessary handling when the function is declared async, the javascript engine can optimize your program for you. sweet! the await keyword the real advantage of async functions becomes apparent when you combine it with the await keyword — in fact, await only works inside async functions. this can be put in front of any async promise-based function to pause your code on that line until the promise fulfills, then return the resulting value. in the meantime, other code that may be waiting for a chance to execute gets to do so. you can use await when calling any function that returns a promise, including web api functions. here is a trivial example: async function hello() { return greeting = await promise.resolve("hello"); }; hello().then(alert); of cours...
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Arrays - Learn web development
he list, like loop through it and do the same thing to every value. maybe we've got a series of product items and their prices stored in an array, and we want to loop through them all and print them out on an invoice, while totaling all the prices together and printing out the total price at the bottom. if we didn't have arrays, we'd have to store every item in a separate variable, then call the code that does the printing and adding separately for each item. this would be much longer to write out, less efficient, and more error-prone. if we had 10 items to add to the invoice it would already be annoying, but what about 100 items, or 1000? we'll return to this example later on in the article. as in previous articles, let's learn about the real basics of arrays by entering some examples into ...
...annoying, but what about 100 items, or 1000? we'll return to this example later on in the article. as in previous articles, let's learn about the real basics of arrays by entering some examples into browser developer console. creating arrays arrays consist of square brackets and elements that are separated by commas. suppose we want to store a shopping list in an array. paste the following code into the console: let shopping = ['bread', 'milk', 'cheese', 'hummus', 'noodles']; shopping; in the above example, each element is a string, but in an array we can store various data types — strings, numbers, objects, and even other arrays. we can also mix data types in a single array — we do not have to limit ourselves to storing only numbers in one array, and in another only strings. f...
...e length property. try the following: shopping.length; // should return 5 this has other uses, but it is most commonly used to tell a loop to keep going until it has looped through all the items in an array. so for example: let sequence = [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13]; for (let i = 0; i < sequence.length; i++) { console.log(sequence[i]); } you'll learn about loops properly later on (in our looping code article), but briefly, this code is saying: start looping at item number 0 in the array. stop looping at the item number equal to the length of the array. this works for an array of any length, but in this case it stops looping at item number 7 (this is good, as the last item — which we want the loop to include — is item 6). for each item, print it out to the browser console with console...
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TypeScript support in Svelte - Learn web development
k briefly about the pros and cons of using typescript. even if you are not planning to adopt it, this article will be useful for allowing you to learn what it has to offer and help you make your own decision. if you are not interested at all in typescript, you can skip to the next chapter, where we will look at different options for deploying our svelte applications, further resources, and more. ...
...atic typing for javascript typescript is a superset of javascript that provides features such as optional static typing, classes, interfaces, and generics. the goal of typescript is to help catch mistakes early through its type system and make javascript development more efficient. one of the big benefits is enabling ides to provide a richer environment for spotting common errors as you type the code. ...
...escript is a superset of javascript that provides features such as optional static typing, classes, interfaces, and generics. the goal of typescript is to help catch mistakes early through its type system and make javascript development more efficient. one of the big benefits is enabling ides to provide a richer environment for spotting common errors as you type the code. ...
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Hacking Tips
ese tips only apply to debug builds of the js shell; they will not function in a release build. debugging tips getting help (from js shell) use the help function to get the list of all primitive functions of the shell with their description. note that some functions have been moved under an 'os' object, and help(os) will give brief help on just the members of that "namespace". getting the bytecode of a function (from js shell) the shell has a small function named dis to dump the bytecode of a function with its source notes. without arguments, it will dump the bytecode of its caller. js> function f () { return 1; } js> dis(f); flags: loc op ----- -- main: 00000: one 00001: return 00002: stop source notes: ofs line pc delta desc args ---- ---- ----- ------ -------- -...
... some variants of this function such as js::dumpscript etc are convenient for debugging. printing the js stack (from gdb) in jsobj.cpp, a function named js::dumpbacktrace prints a backtrace à la gdb for the js stack. ...
... some variants of this function such as js::dumpscript etc are convenient for debugging. printing the js stack (from gdb) in jsobj.cpp, a function named js::dumpbacktrace prints a backtrace à la gdb for the js stack. ...
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Shell global objects
tions always available version([number]) get or force a script compilation version number. options([option ...]) get or toggle javascript options. load(['foo.js' ...]) load files named by string arguments. filename is relative to the current working directory. loadrelativetoscript(['foo.js' ...]) load files named by string arguments. filename is relative to the calling script. evaluate(code[, options]) evaluate code as though it were the contents of a file. options is an optional object that may have these properties: isrunonce use the isrunonce compiler option (default: false) noscriptrval use the no-script-rval compiler option (default: false) filename filename for error messages and debug info linenumber starting line number for error messages and debug info ...
...if the property is omitted or v is null, don't attribute the sour...
...hout an exception value, as for slow scripts or out-of-memory) and return 'terminated' element if present with value v, convert v to an object o and mark the source as being attached to the dom element o. if the property is omitted or v is null, don't attribute the source to any dom element. elementattributename if present and not undefined, the name of property of element that holds this code. this is what debugger.source.prototype.elementattributename returns. sourcemapurl if present with value v, convert v to a string, and provide that as the code's source map url. if omitted, attach no source map url to the code (although the code may provide one itself, via a //#sourcemappingurl comment). sourceislazy if present and true, indicates that, after compilation, script source sh...
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Strict mode - JavaScript
sometimes you'll see the default, non-strict mode referred to as "sloppy mode". this isn't an official term, but be aware of it, just in case. javascript's strict mode, introduced in ecmascript 5, is a way to opt in to a restricted variant of javascript, thereby implicitly opting-out of "sloppy mode". strict mode isn't just a subset: it intentionally has different semantics from normal code. browsers not supporting strict mode will run strict mode code with different behavior from browsers that do, so don't rely on strict mode without feature-testing for support for the relevant aspects of strict mode. strict mode code and non-strict mode code can coexist, so scripts can opt into strict mode incrementally. strict mode makes several changes to normal javascript semantics: eliminates some ...
...support for the relevant aspects of strict mode. strict mode code and non-strict mode code can coexist, so scripts can opt into strict mode incrementally. strict mode makes several changes to normal javascript semantics: eliminates some javascript silent errors by changing them to throw errors. fixes mistakes that make it difficult for javascript engines to perform optimizations: strict mode code can sometimes be made to run faster than identical code that's not strict mode. prohibits some syntax likely to be defined in future versions of ecmascript. see transitioning to strict mode, if you want to change your code to work in the restricted variant of javascript. invoking strict mode strict mode applies to entire scripts or to individual functions. it doesn't apply to block statement...
...ohibits some syntax likely to be defined in future versions of ecmascript. see transitioning to strict mode, if you want to change your code to work in the restricted variant of javascript. invoking strict mode strict mode applies to entire scripts or to individual functions. it doesn't apply to block statements enclosed in {} braces; attempting to apply it to such contexts does nothing. eval code, function code, event handler attributes, strings passed to windowtimers.settimeout(), and related functions are entire scripts, and invoking strict mode in them works as expected. strict mode for scripts to invoke strict mode for an entire script, put the exact statement "use strict"; (or 'use strict';) before any other statements. // whole-script strict mode syntax 'use strict'; var v = "hi!
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Building accessible custom components in XUL - Archive of obsolete content
r and cell is defined in the value attribute. the flex attributes are simply for layout. note: the row and column headers are denoted by description elements, and individual cells are denoted by label elements. this is not an accessibility requirement; as we'll see in the next section, the actual xul elements are irrelevant because we will define the role of each element in a separate attribute. ...
... <description value="expense"/> <label value="conference fee" flex="1"/> <label value="lodging" flex="1"/> <label value="dinner" flex="1"/> <label value="lodging" flex="1"/> <label value="breakfast" flex="1"/> <label value="lunch" flex="1"/> <label value="dinner" flex="1"/> </column> <-- several columns omitted for brevity --> </columns> </grid> </code> now we can use css to add some minimal styling to make it actually look like a spreadsheet. <code> @namespace url("http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul"); grid.spreadsheet { border: thin solid; } grid.spreadsheet label { border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 1px solid black; margin: 0; padding: 3px; } grid.spreadsheet description { color: black; b...
...the final product looks like this: <caption>xul spreadsheet with 7 rows and 5 columns</caption> although this has the visual layout of a spreadsheet, assistive technologies will only see it as a collection of individual, unrelated text labels. if we inspect this with the msaa...
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What is JavaScript? - Learn web development
at we use to apply styling to our html content, for example setting background colors and fonts, and laying out our content in multiple columns. javascript is a scripting language that enables you to create dynamically updating content, control multimedia, animate images, and pretty much everything else. (okay, not everything, but it is amazing what you can achieve with a few lines of javascript code.) the three layers build on top of one another nicely. let's take a simple text label as an example. we can mark it up using html to give it structure and purpose: <p>player 1: chris</p> then we can add some css into the mix to get it looking nice: p { font-family: 'helvetica neue', helvetica, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1px; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; border:...
... so what can it really do? the core client-side javascript language consists of some common programming features that allow you to do things like: store useful values inside variables. in the above example for instance, we ask for a new name to be entered then store that name in a variable called ...
...o do things like: store useful values inside variables. in the above example for instance, we ask for a new name to be entered then store that name in a variable called name. operations on pieces of text (known as "strings" in programming). in the above example we take the string "player 1: " and join it to the name variable to create the complete text label, e.g. ''player 1: chris". running code in response to certain events occurring on a web page. we used a click event in our example above to detect when the button is clicked and then run the code that updates the text label. and much more! what is even more exciting however is the functionality built on top of the client-side javascript language. so-called application programming interfaces (apis) provide you with extra superpowers...
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Debugger.Script - Firefox Developer Tools
debugger.script a debugger.script instance may refer to a sequence of bytecode in the debuggee or to a block of webassembly code. for the former, it is the debugger api’s presentation of a jsapi jsscript object. the two cases are distinguished by their format property being "js" or "wasm". debugger.script for jsscripts for debugger.script instances referring to a jsscript, they are distinguished by their format property being "js". each of the following is represented by a single jsscript object: the body of a function—that is, all the code in the function that is not contained within some nested function. the code passed to a single call to eval, excluding the bodies of any functions that code defines. the contents of a <script> element. a dom event han...
...nted by a single jsscript object: the body of a function—that is, all the code in the function that is not contained within some nested function. the code passed to a single call to eval, excluding the bodies of any functions that code defines. the contents of a <script> element. a dom event handler, whether embedded in html or attached to the element by other javascript code. code appearing in a javascript: url. the debugger interface constructs debugger.script objects as scripts of debuggee code are uncovered by the debugger: via the onnewscript handler method; via debugger.frame’s script properties; via the functionscript method of debugger.object instances; and so on. for a given debugger instance, spidermonkey constructs exactly one debugger.script in...
...e debugger interface constructs debugger.script objects as scripts of debuggee code are uncovered by the debugger: via the onnewscript handler method; via debugger.frame’s script properties; via the functionscript method of debugger.object instances; and so on. for a given debugger instance, spidermonkey constructs exactly one debugger.script instance for each underlying script object; debugger code can add its own properties to a script object and expect to find them later, use == to decide whether two expressions refer to the same script, and so on. (if more than one debugger instance is debugging the same code, each debugger gets a separate debugger.script instance for a given script. ...
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Debugger.Object - Firefox Developer Tools
s (perhaps two functions are called on the same object), spidermonkey presents the same debugger.object instance to the debugger each time. this means that the debugger can use the == operator to recognize when two debugger.object instances refer to the same debuggee object, and place its own properties on a debugger.object instance to store metadata about particular debuggee objects. ...
...ct instance to the debugger each time. this means that the debugger can use the == operator to recognize when two debugger.object instances refer to the same debuggee object, and place its own properties on a debugger.object instance to store metadata about particular debuggee objects. javascript code in different compartments can have different views of the same object. ...
... to the same debuggee object, and place its own properties on a debugger.object instance to store metadata about particular debuggee objects. javascript code in different compartments can have different views of the same object. for example, in firefox, code in privileged compartments sees content dom element objects without redefinitions or extensions made to that object's properties by content code. (in firefox terminology, privileged code sees the element through an "xray wrapper".) to ensure that debugger code sees each object just as the debuggee would, each debugger.object instance presents its referent as it would be seen from a particular compartment. this "viewing compartment" is chosen to match the way the debugger came across the referent. as a consequence, a single debugger instan...
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A first splash into JavaScript - Learn web development
le "guess the number" game, step by step. prerequisites: basic computer literacy, a basic understanding of html and css, an understanding of what javascript is. objective: to have a first bit of experience at writing some javascript, and gain at least a basic understanding of what writing a javascript program involves. ...
......
..., etc. the code syntax looks different, but the concepts are still largely the same. thinking like a programmer one of the hardest things to learn in programming is not the syntax you need to learn, but how to apply it to solve real world problems. you need to start thinking like a programmer — this generally involves looking at descriptions of what your program needs to do, working out what code features are needed to achieve those things, and how to make them work together. this requires a mixture of hard work, experience with the programming syntax, and practice — plus a bit of creativity. the more you code, the better you'll get at it. we can't promise that you'll develop "programmer brain" in five minutes, but we will give you plenty of opportunity to practice thinking like a prog...
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Signaling and video calling - Web APIs
ted as part of our websocket documentation (this article link is forthcoming; it isn't actually online yet) to support opening a two-way video call between users. you can try out this example on glitch, and you can remix the example to experiment with it as well. you can also look at the full project on github. note: if you try out the example on glitch, please note that any changes made to the code will immediately reset any connections. in addition, there is a short timeout period; the glitch instance is for quick experiments and testing only. the signaling server establishing a webrtc connection between two devices requires the use of a signaling server to resolve how to connect them over the internet. a signaling server's job is to serve as an intermediary to let two peers find and es...
...e signaling server. readying the chat server for signaling our chat server uses the websocket api to send information as json strings between each client and the server. the server supports several message types to handle tasks, such as registering new users, setting usernames, and sending public chat messages. to allow the server to support signaling and ice negotiation, we need to update the code. we'll have to allow directing messages to one specific user instead of broadcasting to all connected users, and ensure unrecognized message types are passed through and delivered, without the server needing to know what they are. this lets us send signaling messages using this same server, instead of needing a separate server. let's take a look which changes we need to make to the chat server s...
...to support doing so. ...
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NSS_3.12_release_notes.html
g/nspr/releases/v4.7.1/. ...
...ve the following versions: sqlite3: 3.3.17 nssckbi: 1.70 softokn3 and freebl3: 3.12.0.3 other nss libraries: 3.12.0.3 new in nss 3.12 3 new shared library are shipped with nss 3.12: nssutil sqlite nssdbm 1 new include file is shipped with nss3.12: utilrename.h new functions in the nss shared library: cert_checknamespace (see cert.h) cert_encodecertpoliciesextension (see cert.h) cert_encodeinfoaccessextension (see cert.h) cert_encodeinhibitanyextension (see cert.h) cert_encodenoticereference (see cert.h) cert_encodepolicyconstraintsextension (see cert.h) cert_encodepolicymappingextension (see cert.h) cert_encodesubjectkeyid (see certdb/cert.h) cert_encodeusernotice (see cert.h) cert_findcrlentryreasonexten (see cert.h) cert_findcrlnumberexten (see cert.h) cert_findnameconstraintsext...
....h for details): ckk: keys ckk_camellia ckm: mechanisms ckm_sha224_rsa_pkcs ckm_sha224_rsa_pkcs_pss ckm_sha224 ckm_sha224_hmac ckm_sha224_hmac_general ckm_sha224_key_derivation ckm_camellia_key_gen ckm_camellia_ecb ckm_camellia_cbc ckm_camellia_mac ckm_camellia_mac_general ckm_camellia_cbc_pad ckm_camellia_ecb_encrypt_data ckm_camellia_cbc_encrypt_data ckg: mfgs ckg_mgf1_sha224 new error codes (see secerr.h): sec_error_not_initialized sec_error_token_not_logged_in sec_error_ocsp_responder_cert_invalid sec_error_ocsp_bad_signature sec_error_out_of_search_limits sec_error_invalid_policy_mapping sec_error_policy_validation_failed sec_error_unknown_aia_location_type sec_error_bad_http_response sec_error_bad_ldap_response sec_error_failed_to_encode_data sec_error_bad_info_access_location ...
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nss tech note1
how to use the nss asn.1 and quickder decoders nss technical note: 1 nss 3.6 contains several decoders for asn.1 and der.two of them are extensively used and are part of the public nss api : the "classic" asn.1 decoder, written by lisa repka . this was written to be a generic decoder, that includes both der (distinguished encoding rules) and ber (basic encoding rules).† it handles both streaming and non-streaming input. the "quickder" decoder, written by julien pierre for nss 3.6 . this decoder was written when performance issues were discovered with the classic decoder. it can only decode der .† it does not handle streaming input, and requires that all input be present before beginning to decode. despite their differences, the two decoders have a lot in common. quick...
...ritten by julien pierre for nss 3.6 . this decoder was written when performance issues were discovered with the classic decoder. it can only decode der .† it does not handle streaming input, and requires that all input be present before beginning to decode. despite their differences, the two decoders have a lot in common. quickder was written to be as compatible as possible with the classic decoder, in order to ease migration to it in areas of critical performance bottlenecks. for this reason, i will first describe all the common functionality of the two decoders, before outlining their differences. ...
...de. despite their differences, the two decoders have a lot in common. quickder was written to be as compatible as possible with the classic decoder, in order to ease migration to it in areas of critical performance bottlenecks. for this reason, i will first describe all the common functionality of the two decoders, before outlining their differences. ...
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Appendix: What you should know about open-source software licenses - Archive of obsolete content
source software (oss) licenses are, what types of licenses exist, and when they’re appropriate. what is an oss license? what are the different kinds of oss licenses and what are their key characteristics? applying an oss license oss licensing today and in the future references what is an oss license? an open-source software license is a statement that anyone is free to use your source code in whatever way they want. the open source definition states what conditions the oss license must satisfy. perhaps surprisingly, these licenses enforce their terms through the exercise of copyright. understanding copyright all software licenses, not just open source, enforce their terms based on copyright. it’s easiest to understand if we think of it as being implemented in terms of the copyr...
...an oss license? so now you’re wondering, what conditions does an oss license place on software? this can be briefly answered by the open source definition, which was determined by the open source initiative (osi). this covers three rights and six conditions. what is important to us now is the following three rights: open source rights: a user can create and distribute copies of the source code; a user can obtain a program’s source code; a user can modify the source code. any oss license will include these rights. the user is free to use (duplicate, distribute, and modify) the source code, following certain conditions. this means that the author is granting users the use of the work in the strong, authorial sense, and when i write “use” in the rest of this document it is gener...
...rce code, following certain conditions. this means that the author is granting users the use of the work in the strong, authorial sense, and when i write “use” in the rest of this document it is generally in that sense. these conditions will vary from one license to the next, but the open source definition stipulates the following minimum conditions: the integrity of the author’s source code must be preserved; no discrimination may be made against individuals or organizations; no discrimination may be made based on field of endeavor; no additional licensing can be required when redistributing; license must not be specific to a product; license must not interfere with other software. the “no discrimination may be made against individuals or organizations” rule means that yo...
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Mozilla Crypto FAQ - Archive of obsolete content
c software, particularly for commercial sale or distribution, then you should consult an attorney with expertise in the particular laws and regulations that apply in your jurisdiction. i've updated this version of the mozilla crypto faq to discuss the situation now that the rsa public key algorithm is in the public domain and a full open source crypto implementation is being added to the mozilla code base. information in the faq also reflects the new u.s. encryption export regulations published on january 14, 2000, the release on february 11, 2000, of source code for ssl, s/mime, and general pki functionality for use in the mozilla project, and the "bernstein advisory" issued by the bureau of export administration on february 17, 2000. the questions in this faq address mozilla's support for ...
... to mozilla contributors relating to encryption functionality in mozilla, and general questions on u.s. regulation of encryption technology. cryptographic functionality in mozilla have all the issues with mozilla and crypto now been resolved? almost. now that the rsa patent is in the public domain, mozilla crypto development can proceed with minimal restrictions. in the near future the mozilla code base will include a complete open source cryptographic library, and mozilla will include ssl support as a standard feature. after the u.s. government relaxed u.s. export regulations in january 2000 to allow export of source code for open source software implementing encryption, the major remaining legal obstacle to mozilla crypto development was the fact that rsa security, inc., held a u.s. pate...
... after the u.s. government relaxed u.s. export regulations in january 2000 to allow export of source code for open source software implementing encryption, the major remaining legal obstacle to mozilla crypto development was the fact that rsa security, inc., held a u.s. patent on the rsa public key algorithm. in february 2000 iplanet e-commerce solutions (a sun-netscape alliance) released source code through mozilla.org for the personal security manager and network security services software; this source code included support for the ssl protocol, but due to the rsa patent and related legal issues it did not originally contain code for rsa or other cryptographic algorithms. on september 6, 2000, rsa security released the rsa patent into the public domain, two weeks before the patent was sche...
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Client-side storage - Learn web development
ics of client-side apis objective: to learn how to use client-side storage apis to store application data. client-side storage? elsewhere in the mdn learning area we talked about the difference between static sites and dynamic sites. most major modern web sites are dynamic — they store data on the server using some kind of database (server-side storage), then run server-side code to retrieve needed data, insert it into static page templates, and serve the resulting html to the client to be displayed by the user's browser. client-side storage works on similar principles, but has different uses. it consists of javascript apis that allow you to store data on the client (i.e. on the user's machine) and then retrieve it when needed. this has many distinct uses, such as: pe...
...ins a simple website with a header, content, and footer, and a form for entering your name. let's build up the example, so you can understand how it works. first, make a local copy of our personal-greeting.html file in a new directory on your computer. next, note how our html references a javascript file called index.js (see line 40). we need to create this and write our javascript code into it. create an index.js file in the same directory as your html file. we'll start off by creating references to all the html features we need to manipulate in this example — we'll create them all as constants, as these references do not need to change in the lifecycle of the app. add the following lines to your javascript file: // create needed constants const rememberdiv = docume...
...#submitname'); const forgetbtn = document.queryselector('#forgetname'); const h1 = document.queryselector('h1'); const personalgreeting = document.queryselector('.personal-greeting'); next up, we need to include a small event listener to stop the form from actually submitting itself when the submit button is pressed, as this is not the behavior we want. add this snippet below your previous code: // stop the form from submitting when a button is pressed form.addeventlistener('submit', function(e) { e.preventdefault(); }); now we need to add an event listener, the handler function of which will run when the "say hello" button is clicked. the comments explain in detail what each bit does, but in essence here we are taking the name the user has entered into the text input box and...
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Deploying our app - Learn web development
prerequisites: familiarity with the core html, css, and javascript languages. objective: to finish working through our complete toolchain case study, focusing on deploying the app. ...
...fecycle. as such, it's important to create a toolchain that handles these problems in a way that requires as little manual intervention as possible. here's just a few things to consider for this particular project: generating a production build: ensuring files are minimised, chunked, have tree-shaking applied, and that versions are "cache busted". running tests: these can range from "is this code formatted properly?" to "does this thing do what i expect?", and ensuring failing tests prevent deployment. actually deploying the updated code to a live url: or potentially a staging url so it can be reviewed first. note: cache busting is a new term that we haven't met before in the module. this is the strategy of breaking a browser's own caching mechanism, which forces the browser to downlo...
...to "does this thing do what i expect?", and ensuring failing tests prevent deployment. actually deploying the updated code to a live url: or potentially a staging url so it can be reviewed first. note: cache busting is a new term that we haven't met before in the module. this is the strategy of breaking a browser's own caching mechanism, which forces the browser to download a new copy of your code. parcel (and indeed many other tools) will generate filenames that are unique to each new build. this unique filename "busts" your browser's cache, thereby making sure the browser downloads the fresh code each time an update is made to the deployed code. the above tasks also break down into further tasks; note that most web development teams will have their own terms and processes for at least ...
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Client-side tooling overview - Learn web development
file for a tool like webpack can be hundreds of lines long, most of which are magical incantations that seem to do the job but which only a master engineer will fully understand! from time to time, even the most experienced of web developers get stuck on a tooling problem; it is possible to waste hours attempting to get a tooling pipeline working before even touching a single line of application code. if you have found yourself struggling in the past, then don’t worry — you are not alone. in these articles, we won’t answer every question about web tooling, but we will provide you with a useful starting point of understanding the fundamentals, which you can then build from. as with any complex topic, it is good to start small, and gradually work your way up to more advanced uses. the m...
...odern tooling ecosystem today's modern developer tooling ecosystem is huge, so it's useful to have a broad idea of what main problems the tools are solving. if you jump on your favourite search engine and look for "front-end developer tools" you're going to hit a huge spectrum of results ranging from text editors, to browsers, to the type of pens you can use to take notes. though your choice of code editor is certainly a tooling choice, this series of articles will go beyond that, focusing on developer tools that help you produce web code more efficiently. from a high-level perspective, you can put client-side tools into the following three broad categories of problems to solve: safety net — tools that are useful during your code development. transformation — tools that transform co...
...-level perspective, you can put client-side tools into the following three broad categories of problems to solve: safety net — tools that are useful during your code development. transformation — tools that transform code in some way, e.g. turning an intermediate language into javascript that a browser can understand. post-development — tools that are useful after you have written your code, such as testing and deployment tools. let's look at each one of these in more detail. safety net these are tools that make the code you write a little better. this part of the tooling should be specific to your own development environment, though it’s not uncommon for companies to have some kind of policy or pre-baked configuration available to install so that all their developers are all...
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Tracing JIT
this document is talking about deprecated feature. the tracing jit in spidermonkey consists of a generic, low level component called nanojit which is co-maintained between adobe and mozilla, and a spidermonkey-specific high level component called jstracer. the nanojit component is language agnostic, and contains no knowledge about spidermonkey or any other part of the mozilla codebase. the jstracer component consists of a monitor and a recorder. the monitor watches the executing spidermonkey interpreter. when the monitor determines that the interpreter has entered a region of code that would benefit from native compilation, the monitor activates the recorder. the recorder records the activity of the interpreter, using nanojit to build an efficient, native representation of the execu...
...nitor watches the executing spidermonkey interpreter. when the monitor determines that the interpreter has entered a region of code that would benefit from native compilation, the monitor activates the recorder. the recorder records the activity of the interpreter, using nanojit to build an efficient, native representation of the execution called a fragment. the monitor then calls into the native code stored in the fragment. a schematic diagram of the components of the tracing jit follows: generic low level component: nanojit/* the files in the nanojit directory define the nanojit component. nanojit/lir.* the nanojit/lir.cpp and nanojit/lir.h files define the intermediate representation lir, which is used as input to nanojit. lir is a conventional three-address, linear ssa code. a sing...
...pipeline and assembler transform the lins values into nins values. nanojit/fragmento.* the nanojit/fragment.cpp and nanojit/fragmento.cpp files define the fragment and fragmento classes. a fragmento is a resource-management object that allocates and stores a set of fragments and pages, and manages their lifecycle. a fragmento owns its associated fragments. a fragment represents a single linear code sequence, typically terminating in a jump to another fragment or back to the beginning of the fragment. a fragment's code is stored in a set of associated pages and guardrecords allocated from the fragment's owning fragmento. a fragment initially holds no pages. as the compilation pipeline inserts lir instructions (lins values) into the fragment, it allocates pages to store the lir code. later, w...
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SpiderMonkey Internals
this document is talking about partially obsolete things. design walk-through at heart, spidermonkey is a fast interpreter that runs an untyped bytecode and operates on values of type js::value—type-tagged values that represent the full range of javascript values. in addition to the interpreter, spidermonkey contains a just-in-time (jit) compiler, a garbage collector, code implementing the basic behavior of javascript values, a standard library implementing ecma 262-5.1 §15 with various extensions, and a few public apis. ...
... to the interpreter, spidermonkey contains a just-in-time (jit) compiler, a garbage collector, code implementing the basic behavior of javascript values, a standard library implementing ecma 262-5.1 §15 with various extensions, and a few public apis. interpreter like many portable interpreters, spidermonkey's interpreter is mainly a single, tremendously long function that steps through the bytecode one instruction at a time, using a switch statement (or faster alternative, depending on the compiler) to jump to the appropriate chunk of code for the current instruction. a js-to-js function call pushes a javascript stack frame without growing the c stack. ...
...common cases are inlined in the interpreter loop, breaking any abstractions that stand in the way. so optimizations such as dense arrays and the property cache are, alas, not transparently tucked away in the jsarray.* and jsobj.* files. ...
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nsIPluginHost
dom/plugins/base/nsipluginhost.idlscriptable please add a summary to this article. ...
... dom/plugins/base/nsipluginhost.idlscriptable please add a summary to this article. ...
...rts last changed in gecko 2.0 (firefox 4 / thunderbird 3.3 / seamonkey 2.1) method overview nsifile createtempfiletopost(in string apostdataurl); native code only! void createtmpfiletopost(in string apostdataurl, out string atmpfilename); native code only! obsolete since gecko 2.0 void deletepluginnativewindow(in nspluginnativewindowptr apluginnativewindow); native code only! void destroy(); native code only! void findproxyforurl(in string aurl, out string aresult); native code only! nsiplugin getplugin(in string amimetype); native code only! void getplugincount(out unsigned long aplugincount); obsolete since gecko 1.8 nsiplugin getpluginfactory(in string amimetype); native code only! obsolete since gecko 1.9.2 ...
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Xray vision
xray vision helps javascript running in a privileged security context safely access objects created by less privileged code, by showing the caller only the native version of the objects. gecko runs javascript from a variety of different sources and at a variety of different privilege levels. the javascript code that along with the c++ core, implements the browser itself is called chrome code and runs using system privileges. if chrome-privileged code is compromised, the attacker can take over the user's computer. javascript loaded from normal web pages is called content code. because this code is being loaded from arbitrary web pages, it is regarded as untrusted and potentially hostile, both to other websites and to the user. as well as these two levels of privilege, chrome cod...
.... because this code is being loaded from arbitrary web pages, it is regarded as untrusted and potentially hostile, both to other websites and to the user. as well as these two levels of privilege, chrome code can create sandboxes. the security principal defined for the sandbox determines its privilege level. if an expanded principal is used, the sandbox is granted certain privileges over content code and is protected from direct access by content code. the security machinery in gecko ensures that there's asymmetric access between code at different privilege levels: so for example, content code can't access objects created by chrome code, but chrome code can access objects created by content. however, even the ability to access content objects can be a security risk for chrome code. javas...
...ts created by chrome code, but chrome code can access objects created by content. however, even the ability to access content objects can be a security risk for chrome code. javascript's a highly malleable language. scripts running in web pages can add extra properties to dom objects (also known as expando properties) and even redefine standard dom objects to do something unexpected. if chrome code relies on such modified objects, it can be tricked into doing things it shouldn't. for example: window.confirm() is a dom api that's supposed to ask the user to confirm an action, and return a boolean depending on whether they clicked "ok" or "cancel". ...
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Introduction to events - Learn web development
ts, how they work in browsers, and how events may differ in different programming environments. a series of fortunate events as mentioned above, events are actions or occurrences that happen in the system you are programming — the system produces (or "fires") a signal of some kind when an event occurs, and provides a mechanism by which an action can be automatically taken (that is, some code running) when the event occurs. for example, in an airport, when the runway is clear for take off, a signal is communicated to the pilot. as a result, the plane can safely takeoff. in the case of the web, events are fired inside the browser window, and tend to be attached to a specific item that resides in it — this might be a single element, set of elements, the html document loaded in the ...
...ent. the user chooses a key on the keyboard. the user resizes or closes the browser window. a web page finishes loading. a form is submitted. a video is played, paused, or finishes. an error occurs. you can gather from this (and from glancing at the mdn event reference) that there are a lot of events that can be responded to. each available event has an event handler, which is a block of code (usually a javascript function that you as a programmer create) that runs when the event fires. when such a block of code is defined to run in response to an event, we say we are registering an event handler. note: event handlers are sometimes called event listeners — they are pretty much interchangeable for our purposes, although strictly speaking, they work together. the listener listens out ...
... note: web events are not part of the core javascript language — they are defined as part of the apis built into the browser. a simple example let's look at a simple example of what we mean here. ...
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Setting up your own test automation environment - Learn web development
specific configuration options for browsers to be tested, for example you can set a specific version and os to test in the forbrowser() method: let driver = new webdriver.builder() .forbrowser('firefox', '46', 'mac') .build(); you could also set these options using an environment variable, for example: selenium_browser=firefox:46:mac let's create a new test to allow us to explore this code as we talk about it. inside your selenium test project directory, create a new file called quick_test.js, and add the following code to it: var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver'), by = webdriver.by, until = webdriver.until; var driver = new webdriver.builder() .forbrowser('firefox') .build(); getting the document you want to test to load the page you actually want to te...
... features in this section and the ones below it. you can use any url to point to your resource, including a file:// url to test a local document: driver.get('file:///users/chrismills/git/learning-area/tools-testing/cross-browser-testing/accessibility/fake-div-buttons.html'); or driver.get('http://localhost:8888/fake-div-buttons.html'); but it is better to use a remote server location so the code is more flexible — when you start using a remote server to run your tests (see later on), your code will break if you try to use local paths. add this line to the bottom of quick_test.js now: driver.get('http://mdn.github.io/learning-area/tools-testing/cross-browser-testing/accessibility/native-keyboard-accessibility.html'); interacting with the document now we've got a document to test, w...
...etc. the actual selection is done by the findelement() method, which accepts as a parameter a selection method. for example, to select an element by id: const element = driver.findelement(by.id('myelementid')); one of the most useful ways to find an element by css — the by.css method allows you to select an element using a css selector enter the following at the bottom of your quick_test.js code now: const button = driver.findelement(by.css('button:nth-of-type(1)')); testing your element there are many ways to interact with your web documents and elements on them. you can see useful common examples starting at getting text values on the webdriver docs. if we wanted to get the text inside our button, we could do this: button.gettext().then(function(text) { console.log('button text ...
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XPIDL
array<t> const nstarray<t>& nstarray<t>& array the c++-exposed type t will be an owned variant. (e.g. ns[c]string, refptr<t>, or uint32_t) string, wstring, [ptr] native and [ref] native ar...
...nt to use this type but autf8string or acstring unsigned long uint32_t uint32_t* number unsigned long long uint64_t uint64_t* number unsigned short uint16_t uint16_t* number wchar char16_t char16_t* string full unicode set permitted wstring const char16_t* char16_t** string full unicode set permitted most of the time you don't want to use this type but astring. array<t> const nstarray<t>& nstarray<t>& array the c++-exposed type t will be an owned variant. (e.g. ns[c]string, refptr<t>, or uint32_t) string, wstring, [ptr] native and [ref] native are unsupported as element types. in addition to this list, nearly every idl file incl...
... ? nscidptr const nscid* nscid** ? nsiid const nsiid nsiid* ? nsid const nsid nsid* ? nscid const nscid nscid* ? ...
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Debugger.Frame - Firefox Developer Tools
al environment in which the execution is taking place, and so on. for a given debugger instance, spidermonkey creates only one debugger.frame instance for a given visible frame. every handler method called while the debuggee is running in a given frame is given the same frame object. similarly, walking the stack back to a previously accessed frame yields the same frame object as before. ...
...debuggee is running in a given frame is given the same frame object. similarly, walking the stack back to a previously accessed frame yields the same frame object as before. debugger code can add its own properties to a frame object and expect to find them later, use == to decide whether two expressions refer to the same frame, and so on. (if more than one debugger instance is debugging the same code, each debugger gets a separate debugger.frame instance for a given frame. ...
...ck back to a previously accessed frame yields the same frame object as before. debugger code can add its own properties to a frame object and expect to find them later, use == to decide whether two expressions refer to the same frame, and so on. (if more than one debugger instance is debugging the same code, each debugger gets a separate debugger.frame instance for a given frame. ...
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sslerr.html
this page is part of the ssl reference that we are migrating into the format described in the mdn style guide. if you are inclined to help with this migration, your help would be very much appreciated. upgraded documentation may be found in the current nss reference nss and ssl error codes chapter 8 nss and ssl error codes nss error codes are retrieved using the nspr function pr_geterror. in addition to the error codes defined by nspr, pr_geterror retrieves the error codes described in this chapter. ssl error codes sec error codes ssl error codes table 8.1 error codes defined in sslerr.h constant value description ssl_error_export_only_server -12288 "unable to communicate securely. peer does not support high-grade encryption." ...
...284 "unable to communicate securely with peer: peers's certificate was rejected." a certificate was received from the remote system and was passed to the certificate authentication callback function provided by the local application. that callback function returned secfailure, and the bad certificate callback function either was not configured or did not choose to override the error code returned by the certificate authentication callback function. -12283 (unused) ssl_error_bad_client -12282 "the server has encountered bad data from the client." this error code should occur only on sockets that are acting as servers. it is a generic error, used when none of the other more specific error codes defined in this file applies. ...
...error_bad_client -12282 "the server has encountered bad data from the client." this error code should occur only on sockets that are acting as servers. it is a generic error, used when none of the other more specific error codes defined in this file applies. ssl_error_bad_server -12281 "the client has encountered bad data from the server." this error code should occur only on sockets that are acting as clients. it is a generic error, used when none of the other more specific error codes defined in this file applies. ssl_error_unsupported_certificate_type -12280 "unsupported certificate type." the operation encountered a certificate that was not one of the well known certificate types handled by the certificate library...
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mozIStorageStatement
boolean step(); void execute(); attributes attribute type description columncount unsigned long number of columns returned. read only. parametercount unsigned long number of parameters. read only. params mozistoragestatementparams the current list of named parameters, which may be set. only available to javascript code. read only. row mozistoragestatementrow the current row, with access to all data members by name. available only to javascript code. read only. state long the current state defined by mozistoragestatement.moz_storage_statement_invalid, mozistoragestatement.moz_storage_statement_ready, or mozistoragestatement.moz_storage_statement_executing. read only. statem...
...istoragestatement clone(); return value a mozistoragestatement that is a copy of the current statement. getparametername() obtains the name of the parameter for the specified index. autf8string getparametername( in unsigned long aparamindex ); parameters aparamindex the zero-based numerical index for the parameter to be bound. this will be one less than the number used in the sql (<code>?1</code> maps to <code>0</code>, and so on). return value an autf8string representing the parameter name for the specified index. getparameterindex() obtains the index of the parameter with the specified name. this method was added in 1.9.0. in 1.8.1 you had to use getparameterindexes(). see bug 388048 for details. unsigned long getparameterindex( in autf8string aname ); parameters ...
...meterindex( in autf8string aname ); parameters aname name of the parameter to get the index for. for parameter 'foo', name's format is ':foo' in 1.9.0 and 1.9.1. in 1.9.2 the ':' was dropped and name's value should be just 'foo'. see bug 528166 for details. return value the zero-based numerical index for the parameter to be bound. this will be one less than the number used in the sql (<code>?1</code> maps to <code>0</code>, and so on). getcolumnname() obtains the name of the column for the specified index. autf8string getcolumnname( in unsigned long acolumnindex ); parameters acolumnindex the zero-based numerical index for the column to get data from. return value an autf8string with the of the column name for the specified index. getcolumnindex() obtains the ind...
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nsITextInputProcessor
lizes dom events from minimum information, and doesn't dispatch some events if they are not necessary. this means that even when gecko changes the dom event behavior, it may not be necessary that the users of this interface need to be updated, i.e., the implementation of this class can be a cushion from the impact of gecko's change. you can create an instance of this interface with the following code: var tip = components.classes["@mozilla.org/text-input-processor;1"]. createinstance(components.interfaces.nsitextinputprocessor); next, you need to get the rights to create composition or dispatch keyboard events with begininputtransaction() or begininputtransactionfortests(): if (!tip.begininputtransaction(window, callback)) { return; } if begininputtransaction() or begininp...
... commit string with its argument: tip.commitcompositionwith("foo-bar-buzz"); when you cancel composition, just do this: tip.cancelcomposition(); when you dispatch keydown event (and one or more keypress events), just do this: var keyevent = new keyboardevent("", // type attribute value should be empty. { key: "enter", // required. code: "enter", // optional. keycode: keyboardevent.dom_vk_return, // required if printable key, but optional if non-printable key. location: keyboardevent.dom_vk_standard, // optional, may be computed from code attribute value. repeat: false, // optional. }); // the other attributes are ...
...le key. location: keyboardevent.dom_vk_standard, // optional, may be computed from code attribute value. repeat: false, // optional. }); // the other attributes are always ignored. var dodefault = tip.keydown(keyevent); when you dispatch keyup event, just do this: var keyevent = new keyboardevent("", { key: "a", code: "keya", keycode: keyboardevent.dom_vk_a }); var dodefault = tip.keyup(keyevent); startcomposition(), flushpendingcomposition(), commitcomposition(), commitcompositionwith(), and cancelcomposition() can take a keyboardevent which causes modifying the composition state. specifying a keyboard event is strongly recommended if the textinputprocessor emulates input from keyboard. for example: tip.
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Debugger - Firefox Developer Tools
value indicating whether this debugger instance’s handlers, breakpoints, and the like are currently enabled. it is an accessor property with a getter and setter: assigning to it enables or disables this debugger instance; reading it produces true if the instance is enabled, or false otherwise. this property is initially true in a freshly created debugger instance. this property gives debugger code a single point of control for disentangling itself from the debuggee, regardless of what sort of events or handlers or “points” we add to the interface. allowunobservedasmjs a boolean value indicating whether asm.js code running inside this debugger instance’s debuggee globals is invisible to debugger api handlers and breakpoints. setting this to false inhibits the ahead-of-time asm.j...
...this is an accessor property with a getter and setter. it is initially false in a freshly created debugger instance. ...
.... setting this flag to true is intended for uses of subsystems of the debugger api (e.g, debugger.source) for purposes other than step debugging a target javascript program. allowwasmbinarysource a boolean value indicating whether webassembly sources will be available in binary form. the webassembly text generation will be disabled. ...
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eval() - JavaScript
warning: executing javascript from a string is an enormous security risk. it is far too easy for a bad actor to run arbitrary code when you use eval(). see never use eval()!, below. the eval() function evaluates javascript code represented as a string. the source for this interactive example is stored in a github repository. if you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. syntax eval(string) parameters string a string representing a javascript expression, statement, or sequence of statements. the expression can include variables and properties of existing objects. return value the completion value of evaluating the given code. if the completion value is empty, undefined is ret...
...tation in a generic fashion by using tostring(). var expression = new string('2 + 2'); eval(expression.tostring()); // returns 4 if you use the eval function indirectly, by invoking it via a reference other than eval, as of ecmascript 5 it works in the global scope rather than the local scope. this means, for instance, that function declarations create global functions, and that the code being evaluated doesn't have access to local variables within the scope where it's being called. function test() { var x = 2, y = 4; console.log(eval('x + y')); // direct call, uses local scope, result is 6 var geval = eval; // equivalent to calling eval in the global scope console.log(geval('x + y')); // indirect call, uses global scope, throws referenceerror because `x` is undefined ...
... = 4; console.log(eval('x + y')); // direct call, uses local scope, result is 6 var geval = eval; // equivalent to calling eval in the global scope console.log(geval('x + y')); // indirect call, uses global scope, throws referenceerror because `x` is undefined (0, eval)('x + y'); // another example of indirect call } never use eval()! ...
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Chapter 4: Using XPCOM—Implementing advanced processes - Archive of obsolete content
draft this page is not complete. « previousnext » fixme: we should include a link to the mdc list of snippets fixme: we need to add a part about 'why and how to create your own component' c++/js this document was authored by hiroshi shimoda of clear code inc. and was originally published in japanese for the firefox developers conference summer 2007. mr. shimoda is a co-author of firefox 3 hacks (o'reilly japan, 2008). this chapter explains how to use xpcom to implement advanced processes using only javascript. introduction javascript lacks functions for opening files and character-code conversion, among other things. a different mechanism is needed to perform these functions. internet explorer handles this using activex; in firefox, we use the cross-platform component ob...
... extension will be packaged with a special xpcom component developed specifically for it. note: if you're developing components in c++ or other compiled languages, be sure to include binaries for every platform. reference materials to get an idea of what kinds of functions embedded xpcom can handle, take a look at the api reference and the interface definitions from xpidl in the actual source code. note: interface definition language (idl) is a language for giving standard definitions of objects, methods, and so forth. the xpidl (cross-platform idl) used by mozilla is a partial extension to the corba idl. you can perform a full-text search of the firefox source code in mozilla cross-reference using character strings, filenames, etc as search keys. if you’re having trouble with any of ...
...g standard definitions of objects, methods, and so forth. the xpidl (cross-platform idl) used by mozilla is a partial extension to the corba idl. you can perform a full-text search of the firefox source code in mozilla cross-reference using character strings, filenames, etc as search keys. if you’re having trouble with any of the details of the interface, it is helpful to search on the source code for usage examples within firefox. note: to look at the firefox 3 source code, choose "firefox 3" in the starting points list. for firefox 3.5 choose "mozilla 1.9.1." for the current development trunk of firefox, choose "mozilla central" and for thunderbird, choose "comm. central". calling xpcom from xpconnect use the xpconnect technology to use xpcom in javascript. listing 1 shows how you c...
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MCD, Mission Control Desktop, AKA AutoConfig - Archive of obsolete content
ference file is located in $install_dir_moz_app/defaults/pref, for example in thunderbird this would be repectively for windows/linux: c:\program files\mozilla thunderbird\defaults\pref /usr/lib/thunderbird/default/pref ( it used to be in /usr/lib/thunderbird-version#/default/pref as in /usr/lib/thunderbird-5/default/pref ) for the record/history purpose ... the old netscape 4.x the file is encoded (byte-shift/rotary is 7), and the presence of the file (netscape.cfg) in the mozilla_home directory suffices for it to be read and executed. for mozilla 1.x.x, firefox, thunderbird or netscape 7 it is still a javascript file, the byte-shift is 13 by default, but can be removed using the pref("general.config.obscure_value", 0); preference in any appropriate .js file dedicated to autoconfig (here ...
...up: # cat /usr/lib/thunderbird/defaults/pref/tb-autoconf.js // 20100526 - modification autoconfig jehan. // pref("general.config.obscure_value", 0); // for mcd .cfg files pref('general.config.filename', 'thunderbird.cfg'); // for mcd .cfg files it used to be in previous releases (up until 7.0) in /usr/lib/thunderbird-x.0/default/pref/autoconf.js the first pref just tells us that we won't encode the file (no more rotary 13 or 7 cf below), the second pref is the name of the file to be read: /usr/lib/thunderbird/thunderbird.cfg. (or firefox.cfg if for firefox...) file encoding if needed, the encoding can be done with the perl script: moz-byteshift.pl available at http://www.alain.knaff.lu/howto/mozi...z-byteshift.pl. for netscape 4.x the convert function from the client customization ki...
...mail.smtpserver.smtp1.username", ""); lockpref("mail.smtpservers", "smtp1"); lockpref("mail.startup.enabledmailcheckonce", true); lockpref("mailnews.quotingprefs.version", 1); lockpref("mailnews.ui.threadpane.version", 5); /* 3) define here (because if set after "4)" below it doesn't work!) processldapvalues which is eventually called by getldapattributes() just below, check getldapattributes() code from $mozilla_home/defaults/autoconfig/prefcalls.js to see the inside call to "user defined" processldapvalues */ function processldapvalues(values) { if(values) { // set the global var with the values returned from the ldap query ldap_values = values; var uid = getldapvalue(values, "uid"); var cn = getldapvalue(values, "cn"); var mail = getldapvalue(values, "mail"); var...
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LiveConnect Overview - Archive of obsolete content
the chapter assumes you are familiar with java programming. working with wrappers in javascript, a wrapper is an object of the target language data type that encloses an object of the source language. when programming in javascript, you can use a wrapper object to access methods and fields of the java object; calling a method or accessing a property on the wrapper results in a call on the java object. on the java side, javascript objects are wrapped in an instance of the class netscape.javascript.jsobject and passed to java. ...
...a communication when you refer to a java package or class, or work with a java object or array, you use one of the special liveconnect objects. all javascript access to java takes place with these objects, which are summarized in the following table. table 9.1 the liveconnect objects object description javaarray a wrapped java array, accessed from within javascript code. javaclass a javascript reference to a java class. javaobject a wrapped java object, accessed from within javascript code. javapackage a javascript reference to a java package. note: because java is a strongly typed language and javascript is weakly typed, the javascript runtime engine converts argument values into the appropriate data types for the other...
...de shortcuts for commonly used java packages. for example, you can use the following: var mystring = new java.lang.string("hello world"); instead of the longer version: var mystring = new packages.java.lang.string("hello world"); working with java arrays when any java method creates an array and you reference that array in javascript, you are working with a javaarray. for example, the following code creates the javaarray x with ten elements of type int: var x = java.lang.reflect.array.newinstance(java.lang.integer, 10); like the javascript array object, javaarray has a length property which returns the number of elements in the array. unlike array.length, javaarray.length is a read-only property, because the number of elements in a java array are fixed at the time of creation. package and c...
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Server-side web frameworks - Learn web development
nses, and what a server-side web application needs to do in order to respond to requests from a web browser. with this knowledge under our belt, it's time to explore how web frameworks can simplify these tasks, and give you an idea of how you'd choose a framework for your first server-side web application. prerequisites: basic computer literacy. basic understanding of how server-side code handles and responds to http requests (see client-server overview). objective: to understand how web frameworks can simplify development/maintenance of server-side code and to get readers thinking about selecting a framework for their own development. the following sections illustrate some points using code fragments taken from real web frameworks. don't be concerned if it does...
... overview server-side web frameworks (a.k.a. "web application frameworks") are software frameworks that make it easier to write, maintain and scale web applications. ...
...meworks (not every framework will necessarily provide all of these features!). work directly with http requests and responses as we saw in the last article, web servers and browsers communicate via the http protocol — servers wait for http requests from the browser and then return information in http responses. web frameworks allow you to write simplified syntax that will generate server-side code to work with these requests and responses. this means that you will have an easier job, interacting with easier, higher-level code rather than lower level networking primitives. the example below shows how this works in the django (python) web framework. every "view" function (a request handler) receives an httprequest object containing request information, and is required to return an httprespo...
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OS.File for the main thread
this page details how to use file i/o from the main thread. for other uses of os.file, please see the corresponding page. using os.file from a jsm to import os.file into your chrome code, add the following line at the start of your script: components.utils.import("resource://gre/modules/osfile.jsm") promises before using os.file from the main thread, you need some understanding of the promise library. see the promise object documentation for details. also, os.file plays very nicely with task.jsm. ...
...he main thread, you need some understanding of the promise library. see the promise object documentation for details. also, os.file plays very nicely with task.jsm. example: read the contents of a file as text the following snippet opens a file "file.txt" and read its contents as a string, using the default encoding (utf-8). the content is read asynchronously. the result is a promise. let decoder = new textdecoder(); // this decoder can be reused for several reads let promise = os.file.read("file.txt"); // read the complete file as an array promise = promise.then( function onsuccess(array) { return decoder.decode(array); // convert this array to a text } ); this example requires firefox 18 or a more recent version. example: write a string to a file the followi...
...or a more recent version. example: write a string to a file the following snippet writes the text "this is some text" to a string "file.txt", using the default encoding (utf-8). ...
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NSS API Guidelines
nss api guidelines newsgroup: mozilla.dev.tech.crypto introduction this document describes how the nss code is organized, the libraries that get built from the nss sources, and guidelines for writing nss code. these guidelines will familiarize you with some of the ways things can be done in the nss code. this will help you understand existing nss code. it should also help you understand how to write new code, and where to place it. some of the guidelines in this document, are more forward-looking than documentary. these rules are here to help us all immediately achieve more consistent and usable code, but some existing code won't follow all these rules. nss api structure this section explains the structure and relationships of the nss libraries. the layering section explains h...
...the libraries section descibes the nss libraries, the functionality each provides, and the layer in which the library (mostly) operates. layering each separate component of the api should live in its own layer. the functions in these apis should never call api layers above them. ...
...apis may be completely opaque to higher level layers. that is, access to these functions should only be provided by the api directly above them. the nss apis are layered, as shown in this diagram: the boxes in the gray section, towards the center, are exported only through pkcs #11. pkcs #11 is only exported through the wrappers. the areas which need the most work (both here and throughout the code) is: the relationship of the certificate library with just about every other component (most noticeably pkcs #12, pkcs #7, and pkcs #11) splitting low key and high key components more clearly the crypto wrappers (pkcs #11 wrappers) and high key pkcs #12 and pkcs #5 libraries nss compiles into the libraries described below. the layer indicates the main layer, seen in the previous dia...
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nsIFile
e state of any file or directory at the position represented by the nsifile and create, move or copy items in the filesystem. an nsifile can be retrieved by either instantiating an nsilocalfile using a platform specific path string or by using cross-platform locations retrieved from the directory service. all methods with string parameters have two forms. the preferred form operates on utf-16 encoded characters strings. an alternate form operates on characters strings encoded in the "native" charset. a string containing characters encoded in the native charset cannot be safely passed to javascript via xpconnect. therefore, the utf-16 forms are scriptable, but the "native methods" are not. in addition, the native form cannot deal with files whose name contains characters outside the default s...
...therefore, you must not use the native form unless it is guaranteed that the path passed to a native form function is always ascii. ...
...therefore, you must not use the native form unless it is guaranteed that the path passed to a native form function is always ascii. ...
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nsIPrincipal
urity context. on the web, for example, a typical principal is comprised of an url scheme, host, and port. inherits from: nsiserializable last changed in gecko 2.0 (firefox 4 / thunderbird 3.3 / seamonkey 2.1) for details on principals, how they work, and how to get the appropriate one, see security check basics. ...
... 2.0 (firefox 4 / thunderbird 3.3 / seamonkey 2.1) for details on principals, how they work, and how to get the appropriate one, see security check basics. ...
...how to get the appropriate one, see security check basics. ...
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Writing WebSocket servers - Web APIs
erver. a websocket server is explained on a very low level here. websocket servers are often separate and specialized servers (for load-balancing or other practical reasons), so you will often use a reverse proxy (such as a regular http server) to detect websocket handshakes, pre-process them, and send those clients to a real websocket server. this means that you don't have to bloat your server code with cookie and authentication handlers (for example). the websocket handshake first, the server must listen for incoming socket connections using a standard tcp socket. depending on your platform, this may be handled for you automatically. for example, let's assume that your server is listening on example.com, port 8000, and your socket server responds to get requests at example.com/chat. wa...
...ge may never be displayed (browsers do not display it). if the server doesn't understand that version of websockets, it should send a sec-websocket-version header back that contains the version(s) it does understand. in the example above, it indicates version 13 of the websocket protocol. the most interesting header here is sec-websocket-key. let's look at that next. note: regular http status codes can be used only before the handshake. after the handshake succeeds, you have to use a different set of codes (defined in section 7.4 of the spec). server handshake response when the server receives the handshake request, it should send back a special response that indicates that the protocol will be changing from http to websocket. that header looks something like the following (remember eac...
... websockets connection but interprets the data as a http request. so if the key was "dghlihnhbxbszsbub25jzq==", the sec-websocket-accept header's value is "s3pplmbitxaq9kygzzhzrbk+xoo=". once the server sends these headers, the handshake is complete and you can start swapping data! note: the server can send other headers like set-cookie, or ask for authentication or redirects via other status codes, before sending the reply handshake. keeping track of clients this doesn't directly relate to the websocket protocol, but it's worth mentioning here: your server must keep track of clients' sockets so you don't keep handshaking again with clients who have already completed the handshake. the same client ip address can try to connect multiple times. however, the server can deny them if they at...
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Functions - JavaScript
ng functions function declarations a function definition (also called a function declaration, or function statement) consists of the function keyword, followed by: the name of the function. a list of parameters to the function, enclosed in parentheses and separated by commas. the javascript statements that define the function, enclosed in curly brackets, {...}. for example, the following code defines a simple function named square: function square(number) { return number * number; } the function square takes one parameter, called number. the function consists of one statement that says to return the parameter of the function (that is, number) multiplied by itself. the statement return specifies the value returned by the function: return number * number; primitive parameters (s...
...pressions are convenient when passing a function as an argument to another function. the following example shows a map function that should receive a function as first argument and an array as second argument. function map(f, a) { let result = []; // create a new array let i; // declare variable for (i = 0; i != a.length; i++) result[i] = f(a[i]); return result; } in the following code, the function receives a function defined by a function expression and executes it for every element of the array received as a second argument. function map(f, a) { let result = []; // create a new array let i; // declare variable for (i = 0; i != a.length; i++) result[i] = f(a[i]); return result; } const f = function(x) { return x * x * x; } let numbers = [0, 1, 2, 5, 10]; let ...
...s the specified actions with the indicated parameters. for example, if you define the function square, you could call it as follows: square(5); the preceding statement calls the function with an argument of 5. the function executes its statements and returns the value 25. functions must be in scope when they are called, but the function declaration can be hoisted (appear below the call in the code), as in this example: console.log(square(5)); /* ... */ function square(n) { return n * n } the scope of a function is the function in which it is declared (or the entire program, if it is declared at the top level). note: this works only when defining the function using the above syntax (i.e. function funcname(){}). the code below will not work. this means that function hoisting only works...
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JavaScript Daemons Management - Archive of obsolete content
the following daemons management framework is the major version of setinterval – a little framework. introduction sometimes a page uses dozens and dozens of animations. ...
...ally a clone of it. the architecture of the daemon constructor explicitly avoids the use of closures. it also offers an alternative way to pass the this object to the callback functions (see the "this" problem for details). ...
...ne of it. the architecture of the daemon constructor explicitly avoids the use of closures. it also offers an alternative way to pass the this object to the callback functions (see the "this" problem for details). advantages of this approch: abstraction passage of this object to javascript timers (both setinterval and settimeout) optimisation (avoiding closures) modularity the code the code of this framework is split into three files: daemon.js (the core) daemon-safe.js (an extension of the core which adds a replacement of setinterval with a recursive invocation of settimeout) daemon-methods.js (a wide and highly scalable collection of methods) the only independent module is daemon.js: both the daemon-safe.js module and the daemon-methods.js module require daemon.js to work. ...
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Tabbed browser - Archive of obsolete content
multiple meanings for the word 'browser' the word 'browser' is used several ways. of course the entire application firefox is called "a browser". ...
... multiple meanings for the word 'browser' the word 'browser' is used several ways. of course the entire application firefox is called "a browser". ...
... multiple meanings for the word 'browser' the word 'browser' is used several ways. of course the entire application firefox is called "a browser". ...
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Using the Right Markup to Invoke Plugins - Archive of obsolete content
mended mechanism to invoke plugins. its use is subject to a few caveats that this section outlines. traditionally, the object element has been used differently by microsoft internet explorer and by mozilla-based browsers such as netscape 7. in ie, the object element is used to invoke a plugin that is built on the activex architecture. ...
...s that this section outlines. traditionally, the object element has been used differently by microsoft internet explorer and by mozilla-based browsers such as netscape 7. in ie, the object element is used to invoke a plugin that is built on the activex architecture. ...
...ove example, the classid attribute that goes along with the object element points to a "clsid:" urn followed by the unique identifier of an activex control (in the above example, the string beginning with "d27..."). this is, in fact, the unique identifier of macromedia's flash plugin, and developers are expected to know such unique identifiers in order to invoke the component of their choice. the codebase attribute used above points to a location that houses the cab file containing the activex control. in this context, the codebase attribute is used as an obtainment mechanism -- that is to say, a way to obtain a control if it isn't present. if the flash activex control is not installed, ie will then go to the url referenced by the codebase attribute and retrieve the activex control. additional...
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Images in HTML - Learn web development
pyright violations are illegal and unethical. in addition, never point your src attribute at an image hosted on someone else's website that you don't have permission to link to. this is called "hotlinking". again, stealing someone's bandwidth is illegal. it also slows down your page, leaving you with no control over whether the image is removed or replaced with something embarrassing. ...
...ing. our above code would give us the following result: note: elements like <img> and <video> are sometimes referred to as replaced elements. this is because the element's content and size are defined by an external resource (like an image or video file), not by the contents of the element itself. note: you can find the finished example from this section running on github (see the source code too.) alternative text the next attribute we'll look at is alt. its value is supposed to be a textual description of the image, for use in situations where the image cannot be seen/displayed or takes a long time to render because of a slow internet connection. ...
...ment itself. note: you can find the finished example from this section running on github (see the source code too.) alternative text the next attribute we'll look at is alt. its value is supposed to be a textual description of the image, for use in situations where the image cannot be seen/displayed or takes a long time to render because of a slow internet connection. for example, our above code could be modified like so: <img src="images/dinosaur.jpg" alt="the head and torso of a dinosaur skeleton; it has a large head with long sharp teeth"> the easiest way to test your alt text is to purposely misspell your filename. if for example our image name was spelled dinosooooor.jpg, the browser wouldn't display the image, and would display the alt text instead: so, why woul...
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Choosing the right approach - Learn web development
een completed, so that the callback can in turn do something with the result. this is the precursor to promises; it's not as efficient or flexible. use only when necessary. useful for... ...
...g asynchronous javascript, in particular async callbacks settimeout() settimeout() is a method that allows you to run a function after an arbitrary amount of time has passed. useful for... ...
...assed. useful for... single delayed operation repeating operation multiple sequential operations multiple simultaneous operations yes yes (recursive timeouts) yes (nested timeouts) no code example here the browser will wait two seconds before executing the anonymous function, then will display the alert message (see it running live, and see the source code): let mygreeting = settimeout(function() { alert('hello, mr. ...
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Build your own function - Learn web development
the essential theory dealt with in the previous article, this article provides practical experience. here you will get some practice building your own, custom function. along the way, we'll also explain some useful details of dealing with functions. prerequisites: basic computer literacy, a basic understanding of html and css, javascript first steps, functions — reusable blocks of code. objective: to provide some practice in building a custom function, and explain a few more useful associated details. active learning: let's build a function the custom function we are going to build will be called displaymessage(). it will display a custom message box on a web page and will act as a customized replacement for a browser's built-in alert() function. we've seen ...
...pt> element to put our javascript in. next, add the following inside the <script> element: function displaymessage() { } we start off with the keyword function, which means we are defining a function. this is followed by the name we want to give to our function, a set of parentheses, and a set of curly braces. ...
...ion displaymessage() { } we start off with the keyword function, which means we are defining a function. this is followed by the name we want to give to our function, a set of parentheses, and a set of curly braces. any parameters we want to give to our function go inside the parentheses, and the code that runs when we call the function goes inside the curly braces. ...
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Introduction to client-side frameworks - Learn web development
ptimized javascript instructions. angular uses typescript, a superset of javascript that we’ll look at in a little more detail in the next chapter. vue evan you first released vue in 2014, after working on and learning from the original angularjs project. vue is the youngest of the big four, but has enjoyed a recent uptick in popularity. vue, like angularjs, extends html with some of its own code. apart from that, it mainly relies on modern, standard javascript. start learning vue react facebook released react in 2013. by this point, it had already been using react to solve many of its problems internally. react itself is not technically a framework; it's a library for rendering ui components. react is used in combination with other libraries to make applications — react and react na...
... cracks start to show. the real problem is this: every time we change our application’s state, we need to update the ui to match. we can examine the difficulty of this problem by looking at just one feature of our todo list app: rendering a list of tasks. the verbosity of dom changes building html elements and rendering them in the browser at the appropriate time takes a surprising amount of code. let's say that our state is an array of objects structured like this: const state = [ { id: 'todo-0', name: 'learn some frameworks!' } ] how do we show one of those tasks to our user? we want to represent each task as a list item – an html <li> element inside of an unordered list element (a <ul>). how do we make it? that could look something like this: function buildtodoitemel(i...
... the tenth line of this snippet references another build function: builddeletebuttonel(). it follows a similar pattern to the one we used to build a list item element: function builddeletebuttonel(id) { const button = document.createelement('button'); const textcontent = document.createtextnode('delete'); button.setattribute('type', 'button'...
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Handling common HTML and CSS problems - Learn web development
prerequisites: familiarity with the core html, css, and javascript languages; an idea of the high level principles of cross browser testing. ...
... prerequisites: familiarity with the core html, css, and javascript languages; an idea of the high level principles of cross browser testing. ...
...gh level principles of cross browser testing. objective: to be able to diagnose common html and css cross browser problems, and use appropriate tools and techniques to fix them. the trouble with html and css some of the trouble with html and css lies with the fact that both languages are fairly simple, and often developers don't take them seriously, in terms of making sure the code is well-crafted, efficient, and semantically describes the purpose of the features on the page. in the worst cases, javascript is used to generate the entire web page content and style, which makes your pages inaccessible, and less performant (generating dom elements is expensive). in other cases, nascent features are not supported consistently across browsers, which can make some features and st...
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Eclipse CDT Manual Setup
etup most people should be reading the eclipse cdt page instead of this one, now that mach ide eclipse is a thing. this page contains the content that used to live on the eclipse cdt page that most people will likely just consider noise. there is valuable information here that should be integrated back into that page, but a large amount of it is now taken care of by the mach project generation code. for now it's stored here until that integration happens in order that the eclipse cdt page isn't hugely cluttered with mostly redundant information, make setting up eclipse look much more complicated than it is nowadays. setup time some points in the rest of this document below are old and taken care of by the mach commands described above (although some of the project configuration is not d...
...these instructions if you're doing so for the first time. (this assumes that you already have a copy of the mozilla source, and that you have also built the source so that you have a pre-existing object directory. if that is not the case, then get your build going now so that it can be running while you continue with the instructions below. faq: wait, why does eclipse need an object directory?) code assistance out of the box, eclipse can provide some code assistance for the mozilla source, but it will be incomplete and often just plain broken. if you set up eclipse as detailed below, you will experience much better results. important background to help you make sense of the instructions that follow (and so that you can modify them to meet your own needs if necessary), this section provide...
...ance for the mozilla source, but it will be incomplete and often just plain broken. if you set up eclipse as detailed below, you will experience much better results. ...
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Using XPCOM Utilities to Make Things Easier
xpcom macros the xpcom framework includes a number of macros for making c++ development easier. ...
... xpcom macros the xpcom framework includes a number of macros for making c++ development easier. ...
... xpcom macros the xpcom framework includes a number of macros for making c++ development easier. though they overlap somewhat (e.g., high-level macros expand to other macros), they fall into the following general categories. ...
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Debugger.Object - Firefox Developer Tools
s (perhaps two functions are called on the same object), spidermonkey presents the same debugger.object instance to the debugger each time. this means that the debugger can use the == operator to recognize when two debugger.object instances refer to the same debuggee object, and place its own properties on a debugger.object instance to store metadata about particular debuggee objects. ...
...ct instance to the debugger each time. this means that the debugger can use the == operator to recognize when two debugger.object instances refer to the same debuggee object, and place its own properties on a debugger.object instance to store metadata about particular debuggee objects. javascript code in different compartments can have different views of the same object. ...
...o the same debuggee object, and place its own properties on a debugger.object instance to store metadata about particular debuggee objects. javascript code in different compartments can have different views of the same object. for example, in firefox, code in privileged compartments sees content dom element objects without redefinitions or extensions made to that object’s properties by content code. (in firefox terminology, privileged code sees the element through an “xray wrapper”.) to ensure that debugger code sees each object just as the debuggee would, each debugger.object instance presents its referent as it would be seen from a particular compartment. this “viewing compartment” is chosen to match the way the debugger came across the referent. as a consequence, a single debugge...
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Debugger.Source - Firefox Developer Tools
debugger.source a debugger.source instance represents either a piece of javascript source code or the serialized text of a block of webassembly code. the two cases are distinguished by the latter having its introductiontype property always being "wasm" and the former having its introductiontype property never being "wasm". each debugger instance has a separate collection of debugger.source instances representing the source code that has been presented to the system. a debugger may place its own properties on debugger.source instances, to store metadata about particular pieces of source code. ...
...ver being "wasm". each debugger instance has a separate collection of debugger.source instances representing the source code that has been presented to the system. a debugger may place its own properties on debugger.source instances, to store metadata about particular pieces of source code. debugger.source for javascript for a debugger.source instance representing a piece of javascript source code, its properties provide the source code itself as a string, and describe where it came from. each debugger.script instance refers to the debugger.source instance holding the source code from which it was produced. ...
...each script indicates the substring of the overall source to which it corresponds. a debugger.source instance may represent only a portion of a larger source document. ...
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Index - Firefox Developer Tools
e, and edit the document object model of documents - usually web pages or xul windows. the dom hierarchy can be navigated using a two-paned window that allows a variety of different views on the document and all nodes within. 7 dom inspector faq dom_inspector the file menu contains approaches which will allow you to inspect a document. 8 dom inspector internals code, tools, internals, organisation, source there are three main facets to dom inspector. the one you are likely to be most familiar with is its inspector.xul-based primary ui. this is the two-pane inspector that appears when ctrl+shift+i (or cmd+shift+i) is pressed from one of the applications for which dom inspector has explicit support (i.e., menuitems placed via overlay). 9 intro...
...refox devtools application panel. 14 browser console browser, debugging, tools, web development, webdevelopment:tools the browser console is like the web console, but applied to the whole browser rather than a single content tab. 15 browser toolbox debug, firefox, javascript the browser toolbox enables you to debug add-ons and the browser's own javascript code rather than just web pages like the normal toolbox. the browser toolbox's context is the whole browser rather than just single page on a single tab. 16 dom property viewer dom, tools, web development the dom property viewer lets you inspect the properties of the dom as an expandable tree structure, starting from the window object of the current page or the selected iframe. ...
...s, web development the dom property viewer lets you inspect the properties of the dom as an expandable tree structure, starting from the window object of the current page or the selected iframe. 17 debugger-api debugger, intermediate, intro, javascript, tools mozilla’s javascript engine, spidermonkey, provides a debugging interface named debugger which lets javascript code observe and manipulate the execution of other javascript code. both firefox’s built-in developer tools and the firebug add-on use debugger to implement their javascript debuggers. however, debugger is quite general, and can be used to implement other kinds of tools like tracers, coverage analysis, patch-and-continue, and so on. 18 debugger when called as a constructor, the...
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Background Tasks API - Web APIs
the cooperative scheduling of background tasks api (also referred to as the background tasks api or simply the requestidlecallback() api) provides the ability to queue tasks to be executed automatically by the user agent when it determines that there is free time to do so. concepts and usage the main thread of a web browser is centered around its event loop. ...
...red to as the background tasks api or simply the requestidlecallback() api) provides the ability to queue tasks to be executed automatically by the user agent when it determines that there is free time to do so. concepts and usage the main thread of a web browser is centered around its event loop. this code draws any pending updates to the document currently being displayed, runs any javascript code the page needs to run, accepts events from input devices, and dispatches those events to the elements that should receive them. in addition, the event loop handles interactions with the operating system, updates to the browser's own user interface, and so forth. it's an extremely busy chunk of code, and your main javascript code may run right inside this thread along with all of this. certainly m...
... to run, accepts events from input devices, and dispatches those events to the elements that should receive them. in addition, the event loop handles interactions with the operating system, updates to the browser's own user interface, and so forth. it's an extremely busy chunk of code, and your main javascript code may run right inside this thread along with all of this. certainly most if not all code that is capable of making changes to the dom is running in the main thread, since it's common for user interface changes to only be available to the main thread. because event handling and screen updates are two of the most obvious ways users notice performance issues, it's important for your code to be a good citizen of the web and help to prevent stalls in the execution of the event loop. in t...
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JavaScript Object Management - Archive of obsolete content
namespace declaration is best located in a file of its own, so that you have this one js file that should be included in all of your xul files. ...
...namespace declaration is best located in a file of its own, so that you have this one js file that should be included in all of your xul files. ...
...namespace declaration is best located in a file of its own, so that you have this one js file that should be included in all of your xul files. we'll be using the placeholder 〈namespace〉 below. this needs to be replaced with an identifier name which is unique to your add-on. ...
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Client-Server Overview - Learn web development
previous overview: first steps next now that you know the purpose and potential benefits of server-side programming we're going to examine in detail what happens when a server receives a "dynamic request" from a browser. as most website server-side code handles requests and responses in similar ways, this will help you understand what you need to do when writing most of your own code. prerequisites: basic computer literacy. a basic understanding of what a web server is. ...
...de code handles requests and responses in similar ways, this will help you understand what you need to do when writing most of your own code. prerequisites: basic computer literacy. a basic understanding of what a web server is. objective: to understand client-server interactions in a dynamic website, and in particular what operations need to be performed by server-side code. there is no real code in the discussion because we haven't yet chosen a web framework to use to write our code! this discussion is however still very relevant, because the described behaviour must be implemented by your server-side code, irrespective of which programming language or web framework you select. web servers and http (a primer) web browsers communicate with web servers using...
...t time a resource was updated, and then only use the (more "expensive") get request to download the resource if it has changed. put: update an existing resource (or create a new one if it doesn't exist). delete: delete the specified resource. trace, options, connect, patch: these verbs are for less common/advanced tasks, so we won't cover them here. additional information can be encoded with the request (for example, html form data). information can be encoded as: url parameters: get requests encode data in the url sent to the server by adding name/value pairs onto the end of it — for example http://mysite.com?name=fred&age=11. you always have a question mark (?) separating the rest of the url from the url parameters, an equals sign (=) separating each name from its ass...
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Starting WebLock
somewhat indirect. the only way to register directly for a notification via the observer service is to instantiate an nsiobserver object. this works for most cases, but consider the case when you have this notification create a component. since the component hasn't been created yet, there are no instantiated nsiobserver objects that can be passed into the nsiobserverservice, nor can the component code do anything until it is loaded. registering for notifications the nsiobserverservice interface has methods for registering and unregistering an nsiobserver object. these two methods are used to dynamically add or remove an observer to a notification topic. but weblock needs to be instantiated and added to the observer service automatically, which also implies some sort of persistent data (after...
...o be started up. the category name also maps nicely onto the notion of a notification "topic." the topic name could be something like "xpcom-startup", for instance, and the name-value pair could contain the contract ids required to create the components requesting startup. in fact, this is exactly how categories are used to handle registration with xpcom for startup notification. ...
...the inverse of this function is the unregistration callback, where it's a good idea to undo whatever the registration function did. ...
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nsIVariant
ypes. we mark the interface [scriptable] so that js can use methods that refer to this interface. but we mark all the methods and attributes [noscript] since any nsivariant object will be automatically converted to a js type anyway. ...
...erted to a js type anyway. ...
...ged in gecko 2.0 (firefox 4 / thunderbird 3.3 / seamonkey 2.1) method overview acstring getasacstring(); native code only! nsresult getasarray(out pruint16 type, out nsiid iid, out pruint32 count, out voidptr ptr); violates the xpcom interface guidelines astring getasastring(); native code only! autf8string getasautf8string(); native code only! prbool getasbool(); native code only! char getaschar(); native code only! domstring getasdomstring(); native code only! double getasdouble(); native code only! float getasfloat(); native code only! nsresult getasid(out nsid retval); violates the xpcom interface guidelines print16 ...
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nsIWindowMediator
nsisimpleenumerat...
... out nsiwidget outbelow); native code only! nsisimpleenumerator getenumerator(in wstring awindowtype); nsidomwindow getmostrecentwindow(in wstring awindowtype); nsidomwindow getouterwindowwithid(in unsigned long long aouterwindowid); nsisimpleenumerator getxulwindowenumerator(in wstring awindowtype); pruint32 getzlevel(in nsixulwindow awindow); native code only! nsisimpleenumerator getzorderdomwindowenumerator(in wstring awindowtype, in boolean afronttoback); nsisimpleenumerator getzorderxulwindowenumerator(in wstring awindowtype, in boolean afronttoback); void registerwindow(in nsixulwindow awindow); native code only! void removelistener(in nsiwindowmediatorlistener alistener); void setzlevel(in nsixulw...
...rdomwindowenumerator(in wstring awindowtype, in boolean afronttoback); nsisimpleenumerator getzorderxulwindowenumerator(in wstring awindowtype, in boolean afronttoback); void registerwindow(in nsixulwindow awindow); native code only! void removelistener(in nsiwindowmediatorlistener alistener); void setzlevel(in nsixulwindow awindow, in pruint32 azlevel); native code only! void setzposition(in nsixulwindow inwindow, in unsigned long inposition, in nsixulwindow inbelow); native code only! void unregisterwindow(in nsixulwindow awindow); native code only! void updatewindowtimestamp(in nsixulwindow awindow); native code only! void updatewindowtitle(in nsixulwindow awindow, in wstring intitle ); native code only! constant...
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nsIXPConnect
js/src/xpconnect/idl/nsixpconnect.idlnot scriptable provides the xpconnect service. ...
...its from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 2.0 (firefox 4 / thunderbird 3.3 / seamonkey 2.1) to access the xpconnect service, use code like this: nsresult rv; nscomptr<nsixpconnect> xpconnect = do_getservice(nsixpconnect::getcid(), &rv); if (ns_succeeded(rv)) { /* use the object */ } method overview void addjsholder(in voidptr aholder, in nsscriptobjecttracerptr atracer); native code only! void clearallwrappednativesecuritypolicies(); nsixpconnectjsobjectholder createsandbox(in jscontextptr cx, in nsiprincipal principal); native code only! nsistackframe createstackframelocation(in pruint32 alanguage, in string afilename, in string afunctionname, in print32 alinenumber, in nsistackframe acaller); void debugdump(in short depth); vo...
... obsolete since gecko 2.0 ...
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SubtleCrypto.importKey() - Web APIs
the pkcs #8 format is defined in rfc 5208., using the asn.1 notation: privatekeyinfo ::= sequence { version version, privatekeyalgorithm privatekeyalgorithmidentifier, privatekey privatekey, attributes [0] implicit attributes optional } the importkey() method expects to receive this object as an arraybuffer containing the der-encoded form of the privatekeyinfo. der is a set of rules for encoding asn.1 structures into a binary form. you are most likely to encounter this object in pem format. pem format is a way to encode binary data in ascii. it consists of a header and a footer, and in between, the base64-encoded binary data. a pem-encoded privatekeyinfo looks like this: -----begin private key----- mig2ageambagbyqgsm49ageg...
... convert the resulting string into an arraybuffer. see the examples section for more concrete guidance. subjectpublickeyinfo you can use this format to import or export rsa or elliptic curve public keys. subjectpublickey is defined in rfc 5280, section 4.1 using the asn.1 notation: subjectpublickeyinfo ::= sequence { algorithm ...
...o you can use this format to import or export rsa or elliptic curve public keys. ...
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Chapter 5: Let's build a Firefox extension - Archive of obsolete content
. the chrome manifest plays two important roles: it registers the contents of the chrome packages, and invokes the cross-package overlay. developing a simple extension: hello world in this section, we will write an extremely simple “hello world” extension that only displays the time.3 phase 1: test install our first step will be to perform a test installation consisting of the minimum code needed to add a new menu item to the tools menu (figure 3). fixme: figure 3: menu after phase 1 complete source file structure first set up the work folders you’ll use to organize your extension’s source files. the folder can be wherever you want, but for the purposes of this guide, we’ll assume it’s at c:\extensions\helloworld . create folders and files in your work folder as shown in...
.../description> </em:targetapplication> </description> </rdf> create the chrome manifest fill in the chrome.manifest file as shown in listing 2. listing 2: content for chrome.manifest content helloworld content/ overlay chrome://browser/content/browser.xul chrome://helloworld/content/overlay.xul register the content package (content instruction) line 1, beginning content, contains the code used to register the chrome’s content package. here, helloworld is a package name, and content/ is a relative path to the folder where the source file is stored. registering the content package makes it so that the overlay.xul file in the content folder can be accessed using the chrome url, chrome://helloworld/content/overlay.xul. xul cross-package overlay (overlay instruction) line 2, beginn...
...me’s content package. here, helloworld is a package name, and content/ is a relative path to the folder where the source file is stored. registering the content package makes it so that the overlay.xul file in the content folder can be accessed using the chrome url, chrome://helloworld/content/overlay.xul. xul cross-package overlay (overlay instruction) line 2, beginning overlay, contains the code used to invoke the cross-package overlay, overlaying the firefox browser window, at chrome://browser/content/browser.xul with chrome://helloworld/content/overlay.xul. finding overlay merge points the next step is to find the “merge points” where the overlay document will insert its content into the base document. there are a number of ways to go about this; here, we’ll use the dom inspect...
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Appendix D: Loading Scripts - Archive of obsolete content
because there are such a diverse array of add-ons, and because the needs of developers have grown organically over time, the gecko runtime provides a number of means to dynamically load and execute javascript files. each of these means has its own advantages and disadvantages, as well as its own quirks which may trap the unwary. below is an overview of the more common means of loading scripts, along with some of their primary advantages, disadvantages, quirks, and use cases. ...
...utomatically loaded into the context of the xul window in question and executed immediately and synchronously. advantages familiarity: these tags are very similar to the html script tags familiar to most web developers. simplicity: the simple, declarative nature of these tags make them easy to find and understand at a glance. speed: script tags may or may not be loaded from pre-compiled bytecode in the fastload cache (gecko 1.x) or startup cache (gecko 2), which means they don't necessarily need to read as source and compiled with each restart. flexibility: script tags provide a means to specify the character set and javascript version of the scripts to be loaded, which many other methods do not. debuggable: development tools support debugging javascript loaded by script tags disadva...
...oaded by script tags disadvantages scoping: scripts loaded via script tags share the global scope with all other scripts loaded into the same window. these tags provide no means to load scripts into a private or otherwise specific scope. speed: even if these scripts are loaded from a cache, only read and compile time are reduced. the scripts still need to execute all of their initialization code and allocate and initialize all of their data structures each time the script is loaded. loading: script loaded via script tags run in partially loaded documents. problems can ensue if the script immediately attempts to access dom nodes. this is easily resolved by deferring the work to a dynamically added onload hander. (a standalone xul window can use an onload attribute.) example the follow...
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JXON - Archive of obsolete content
onvention. it is very similar to the previous one, except that nodes which do not contain other recognizable nodes than text or cdatasection are not treated as objects, but directly as booleans, strings, numbers or date objects (see the parker convention). empty nodes (i.e. which do not contain other element nodes, text nodes, cdatasection nodes or attr nodes) have the default value true (see the code considerations). also, this time we use a function instead of a constructor. the function's argument can be the entire xml document, a documentfragment, or simply an element node within it. nodeattributes have the “@” prefix, as suggested by the badgerfish convention. in many cases, this is the most practical conversion method. /*\ |*| |*| jxon snippet #3 mdndeveloper network |*| |*| https...
...ar myobject = { "employee": new string("john smith"), "manager": "lisa carlucci" }; myobject.employee["@type"] = "usher"; // test alert(myobject.manager); // "lisa carlucci" alert(myobject.employee["@type"]); // "usher" alert(myobject.employee); // "john smith" note: this algorithm represents a special case of conversion. the generated javascript object tree is not stringifyable (see the code considerations). it is very practical for internal javascript access, but don't use it if you want to transfer the tree via json string! as for the third algorithm, nodes which do not contain other recognizable nodes than text or cdatasection are not treated as objects, but directly as booleans, strings, numbers (primitive values) or date objects; and empty nodes (i.e. which do not contain other...
... this is a good solution if you want to automate the creation of an xml document. it is a bad choic...
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Building up a basic demo with the PlayCanvas engine - Game development
there is one helpe...
...n-canvas"); /* all our javascript code goes here */ </script> </body> </html> it contains some basic information like the document <title>, and some css to set the width and height of the <canvas> element that playcanvas will use to 100% so that it will fill the entire available viewport space. the first <script> element includes the playcanvas library in the page; we will write our example code in the second one. there is one helper variable already included, which will store a reference to the <canvas> element. before reading on, copy this code to a new text file and save it in your working directory as index.html. playcanvas application to begin developing our game we have to create the playcanvas application first (using the given <canvas> element), and then start the update loop.
... there is one helper variable already included, which will store a reference to the <canvas> element. before reading on, copy this code to a new text file and save it in your working directory as index.html. playcanvas application to begin developing our game we have to create the playcanvas application first (using the given <canvas> element), and then start the update loop. add the following code to the bottom of your second <script> element: var app = new pc.application(canvas); app.start(); the pc global object contains all the playcanvas functions available in the engine. next, we'll set the canvas to fill the window, and automatically change its resolution to be the same as the canvas size. again, add the following lines at the bottom of your script. app.setcanvasfillmode(pc.fill...
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Desktop mouse and keyboard controls - Game development
enabled devices, it would be good to add mouse and keyboard support, so the game can be playable also on desktop. that way we can broaden the list of supported platforms. we'll look at this below. it's also easier to test control-independent features like gameplay on desktop if you develop it there, so you don't have to push the files to a mobile device every time you make a change in the source code. note: the captain rogers: battle at andromeda is built with phaser and managing the controls is phaser-based, but it could also be done in pure javascript. the good thing about using phaser is that it offers helper variables and functions for easier and faster development, but it's totally up to you which approach you chose. pure javascript approach let's think about implementing pure javascr...
...uting the keyuphandler function, so we know when it's no longer pressed. to do that we'll hold the information on whether the keys we are interested in are pressed or not: var rightpressed = false; var leftpressed = false; var uppressed = false; var downpressed = false; then we will listen for the keydown and keyup events and act accordingly in both handler functions. ...
...hen it's no longer pressed. to do that we'll hold the information on whether the keys we are interested in are pressed or not: var rightpressed = false; var leftpressed = false; var uppressed = false; var downpressed = false; then we will listen for the keydown and keyup events and act accordingly in both handler functions. ...
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Adding vector graphics to the Web - Learn web development
s. svg is for marking up graphics, not content. at the simplest end of the spectrum, you've got elements for creating simple shapes, like <circle> and <rect>. ...
...for creating svg images, most people use a vector graphics editor like inkscape or illustrator. ...
...for creating svg images, most people use a vector graphics editor like inkscape or illustrator. ...
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Debugging on Mac OS X
if you want to debug from the terminal see debugging mozilla with lldb. for specific information on a way to debug hangs, see debugging a hang on os x. creating a debuggable build first, you need to build the application you're going to debug using --disable-optimize--enable-debug-symbols in your .mozconfig (also add --enable-debug if you want assertions etc. compiled in). see building firefox for macos if you need help creating your own build. ...
...tended attribute from the downloaded nightly: $ xattr -r -d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/nightly.app local builds local builds of mozilla-central do not enable hardened runtime and hence do not have debugging restrictions. as a result, some functionality will be permitted on local builds, but blocked on production builds which have hardened runtime enabled. bug 1522409 was filed to automate codesigning local builds to enable hardened runtime by default and eliminate this discrepancy. to obtain a hardened runtime build without using try infrastructure, a developer can manually codesign builds using the macos codesign(1) command with the developer.entitlements.xml file from the tree. this requires creating a codesigning identity. disabling system integrity protection (sip) if debugging ...
...oduction build is required, follow apple's documented steps for disabling system integrity protection (sip). note that disabling sip bypasses hardened runtime restrictions which can mask some bugs that only occur with hardened runtime so it is recommended to test fixes with sip enabled. disabling sip has system security implications that should be understood before taking this step. creating an xcode project if you try to create a new xcode project in an existing directory then xcode will delete its existing contents (xcode will warn you beforehand). to work around that, the steps below have you initialize the project outside the mozilla source tree, close the project, copy the .xcodeproj project "file" into the source tree, and then reopen the project to finish setting it up. note also th...
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Creating localizable web applications
an important step of developing a web application or creating web content is making sure that it can be localized. listed below are good practices and recommendations that should be followed in order to make your content easily localizable. note: most of the code snippets used in the examples below come from an early version of the getpersonas.com website. in some cases, the code snippets were slightly changed to better illustrate the recommendations or for clarity. cheatsheet don't hardcode english text, formats (numbers, dates, addresses, etc.), word order or sentence structure. don't put text or numbers in images. don't forget about right-to-left locales. take advantage of printf() (or equivalents) and use variables in the english strings. write semantic code (e.g. don't ...
...rity. cheatsheet don't hardcode english text, formats (numbers, dates, addresses, etc.), word order or sentence structure. don't put text or numbers in images. don't forget about right-to-left locales. take advantage of printf() (or equivalents) and use variables in the english strings. write semantic code (e.g. don't use text and <img/> for decorations; instead, use css). document your code so that localizers know what they're translating (e.g. in gettext use comments and contexts). app logic detect the locale correctly be smart about detecting the user's locale correctly. you can use one or more of the following techniques: http accept-language headers, the ua string, ip geolocation. ...
...ecorations; instead, use css). document your code so that localizers know what they're translating (e.g. in gettext use comments and contexts). app logic detect the locale correctly be smart about detecting the user's locale correctly. you can use one or more of the following techniques: http accept-language headers, the ua string, ip geolocation. see examples of the addons.mozillaorg code at /addons/trunk/site/app/config/language.php and /addons/trunk/site/app/config/language.inc.php. the language_config class expects arrays of valid languages & supported languages. always give the user a possibility to change the locale (e.g. by adding locale dropdown menu at bottom of page) and remember this choice for the future visits. ...
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Using the clipboard
l the application has decided what it needs. this allows the clipboard to be used by another application right away. let's break down the steps needed to copy data to the clipboard. first, we need to create an xpcom object to wrap what we want to copy. we'll assume that we want to copy some text. we will use the interface nsisupportsstring which can be used to represent strings (specifically, unicode strings). the following boilerplate utility functions will be used in all later code examples. // import the services module for future use, if we're not in // a browser window where it's already loaded. components.utils.import('resource://gre/modules/services.jsm'); // create a constructor for the built-in supports-string class. const nssupportsstring = components.constructor("@mozilla.org/su...
... .getinterface(ci.nsiwebnavigation); res.init(source); } return res; } here, the string "text to copy" will be copied but you can replace this with the text string that you want to copy. now that we have the object to copy, a transferring object needs to be created: var str = "text to copy"; var trans = transferable(sourcewindow); trans.adddataflavor("text/unicode"); // we multiply the length of the string by 2, since it's stored in 2-byte utf-16 // format internally. trans.settransferdata("text/unicode", supportsstring(str), str.length * 2); the first line gets the transferring component which implements nsitransferable. next we need to initialize it with a "privacy context", which will ensure that source data from inside private browsing mode will be c...
...t is unrelated to web content the user is viewing, you can pass a null privacy context to the init method. the next step is to tell the transferable what type of data we want to use. the type of data is referred to as a data flavor. the function adddataflavor is used to tell the transferable that it needs to transfer data of a certain flavor. ...
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MIME types (IANA media types) - HTTP
ated with a slash (/) between them, comprise a mime type. no whitespace is allowed in a mime type: type/subtype the type represents the general category into which the data type falls, such as video or text. the subtype identifies the exact kind of data of the specified type the mime type represents. for example, for the mime type text, the subtype might be plain (plain text), html (html source code), or calendar (for icalendar/.ics) files. each type has its own set of possible subtypes, and a mime type always has both a type and a subtype, never just one or the other. an optional parameter can be added to provide additional details: type/subtype;parameter=value for example, for any mime type whose main type is text, the optional charset parameter can be used to specify the character set...
...e. generic binary data (or binary data whose true type is unknown) is application/octet-stream. other common examples include application/pdf, application/pkcs8, and application/zip. audio list at iana audio or music data. examples include audio/mpeg, audio/vorbis. example reserved for use as a placeholder in examples showing how to use mime types. these should never be used outside of sample code listings and documentation. example can also be used as a subtype; for instance, in an example related to working with audio on the web, the mime type audio/example can be used to indicate that the type is a placeholder and should be replaced with an appropriate one when using the code in the real world. font list at iana font/typeface data. common examples include font/woff, font/ttf, and font...
...iana image or graphical data including both bitmap and vector still images as well as animated versions of still image formats such as animated gif or apng. common examples are image/jpeg, image/png, and image/svg+xml. model list at iana model data for a 3d object or scene. examples include model/3mf and model/vml. text list at iana text-only data including any human-readable content, source code, or textual data such as comma-separated value (csv) formatted data. examples include text/plain, text/csv, and text/html. video list at iana video data or files, such as mp4 movies (video/mp4). for text documents without a specific subtype, text/plain should be used. similarly, for binary documents without a specific or known subtype, application/octet-stream should be used. multipart types...
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Chapter 3: Introduction to XUL—How to build a more intuitive UI - Archive of obsolete content
and was originally published in japanese for the firefox developers conference summer 2007. shimoda-san is a co-author of firefox 3 hacks (o'reilly japan, 2008). before you learn how to develop extensions, let's learn about xul, the xml-based user-interface language, which is one of the building blocks for extensions. ...
...ly does not have an explicit specification. note: although there is a specification document, its markup is based on implementations and markup as of 2001, and current xul differs from it in many aspects. for the latest xul specifications, please see the xul reference on mdc and the xul page in the mozilla wiki. for each element that i explain in this chapter, i will illustrate it with a source code example. you can type these examples up and open them in firefox to see how they behave and appear. you can download a file with all the source code examples from: fixme: attache the translated tarball - paul task !. xul display methods xul is used almost exclusively in mozilla applications like firefox and thunderbird, and extensions for them, but other web browsers based on firefox or the gec...
...xul is used almost exclusively in mozilla applications like firefox and thunderbird, and extensions for them, but other web browsers based on firefox or the gecko engine, and even web-based content also used xul. for example, there is the mozilla amazon browser, which helps with shopping at amazon, and the presentation method in xul, a tool for writing and displaying presentations to try out the code samples in this chapter, save them as text files with .xul extensions and drag and drop them into the firefox browser window. fixme: explain how setting this option and use next listings if we want to run firefox displaying none of its gui and only the contents of a certain xul file, we can launch firefox and set the option: -chrome file_url.xul another way, as shown in listing 1, is to use th...
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Migrate apps from Internet Explorer to Mozilla - Archive of obsolete content
browsers, like internet explorer 4, that were built before the conception of w3c standards inherited many quirks. ...
...is and have never added extensive support for the w3c-compliant ones. before i go into the differences between mozilla and internet explorer, i'll cover some basic ways you can make a web application extensible in order to add new browser support later. ...
...liant ones. before i go into the differences between mozilla and internet explorer, i'll cover some basic ways you can make a web application extensible in order to add new browser support later. since different browsers sometimes use different apis for the same functionality, you can often find multiple if() else() blocks throughout the code to differentiate between the browsers. the following code shows blocks designated for internet explorer: . . . var elm; if (ns4) elm = document.layers["myid"]; else if (ie4) elm = document.all["myid"] the above code isn't extensible, so if you want it to support a new browser, you must update these blocks throughout the web application. the easiest way to eliminate the need to recode for a new browser is to abstract out functionality. rather t...
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Back to the Server: Server-Side JavaScript On The Rise - Archive of obsolete content
ke a look at various ssjs implementations and some examples of putting them to use. server-side javascript (ssjs) via embedded javascript engines the extension of javascript to the server is made possible via embedded javascript engines. the two most well established engines are spidermonkey and rhino, both currently maintained by the mozilla foundation. spidermonkey is the code name for the first ever javascript engine, an open source c implementation which can be found embedded in leading software products such as mozilla firefox, adobe acrobat, and aptana jaxer. rhino is a java implementation of javascript which is commonly embedded in java applications to expose scripting capability. the helma web application framework is an example of rhino in use. the dojo toolkit ...
...s querying a mysql database for some employee contact information. it is assumed that you have already downloaded, extracted, and consumed the necessary documentation to get up and running with some basic rhino scripts. if you don’t already have it, you’ll need to also download the jdbc driver for mysql, extract the class files, and include the path in your classpath environment variable. the code in listing 1 is a sample javascript script which incorporates java classes to handle the database query. listing 1 - querying a mysql database from rhino // import the java sql packages importpackage( java.sql ); // load the mysql driver java.lang.class.forname( "com.mysql.jdbc.driver" ); // create connection to the database var conn = drivermanager.getconnection( "jd...
...here, we’re including all the classes in the java.sql namespace in the script. the appropriate database driver for mysql is loaded and the connection string to a database named rhino on my local machine is configured using the user account urhino with the password of prhino. the sql s...
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Windows Media in Netscape - Archive of obsolete content
control is supported and available for use. javascript will dynamically write out what browser you are running, and what kind of windows media player technology you may have. ...
...media player technology you may have. example 1: client-side detection scripts browser architecture supports: netscapeplugin windows media player installed: true windows media scriptable: false windows media version: pluginversion a complete source code listing showing how that detection was done can be found here (devedge-temp). ...
...vexobject and activexobject work very similarly, with one key difference: both take a programmatic id (progid) and use it to create a reference to the windows media player. the progid of windows media player is mediaplayer.mediaplayer.1. while the progid cannot be used to create a windows media player object that exposes all its properties and methods, it is useful for rapid detections. ...
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JavaScript basics - Learn web development
with javascript is more challenging than getting comfortable with html and css. you may have to start small, and progress gradually. to begin, let's examine how to add javascript to your page for creating a hello world! example. (hello world! is the standard for introductory programming examples.) important: if you haven't been following along with the rest of our course, download this example code and use it as a starting point. go to your test site and create a new folder named scripts. within the scripts folder, create a new file called main.js, and save it. in your index.html file, enter this code on a new line, just before the closing </body> tag: <script src="scripts/main.js"></script> this is doing the same job as the <link> element for css. it applies the javascript to the...
... scripts folder, create a new file called main.js, and save it. in your index.html file, enter this code on a new line, just before the closing </body> tag: <script src="scripts/main.js"></script> this is doing the same job as the <link> element for css. it applies the javascript to the page, so it can have an effect on the html (along with the css, and anything else on the page). add this code to the main.js file: const myheading = document.queryselector('h1'); myheading.textcontent = 'hello world!'; make sure the html and javascript files are saved. then load index.html in your browser. ...
... if the javascript loads first and it is supposed to affect the html that hasn't loaded yet, there could be problems. placing javascript near the bottom of an html page is one way to accommodate this dependency. to learn more about alternative approaches, see script loading strategies. ...
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Inheritance in JavaScript - Learn web development
y the properties inside the constructor: function person(first, last, age, gender, interests) { this.name = { first, last }; this.age = age; this.gender = gender; this.interests = interests; }; the methods are all defined on the constructor's prototype. for example: person.prototype.greeting = function() { alert('hi! i\'m ' + this.name.first + '.'); }; note: in the source code, you'll also see bio() and farewell() methods defined. later you'll see how these can be inherited by other constructors. say we wanted to create a teacher class, like the one we described in our initial object-oriented definition, which inherits all the members from person, but also includes: a new property, subject — this will contain the subject the teacher teaches. an updated greeting...
...: a new property, subject — this will contain the subject the teacher teaches. an updated greeting() method, which sounds a bit more formal than the standard greeting() method — more suitable for a teacher addressing some students at school. defining a teacher() constructor function the first thing we need to do is create a teacher() constructor — add the following below the existing code: function teacher(first, last, age, gender, interests, subject) { person.call(this, first, last, age, gender, interests); this.subject = subject; } this looks similar to the person constructor in many ways, but there is something strange here that we've not seen before — the call() function. this function basically allows you to call a function defined somewhere else, but in the current ...
...uld have simply done this: function teacher(first, last, age, gender, interests, subject) { this.name = { first, last }; this.age = age; this.gender = gender; this.interests = interests; this.subject = subject; } but this is just redefining the properties anew, not inheriting them from person(), so it defeats the point of what we are trying to do. it also takes more lines of code. inheriting from a constructor with no parameters note that if the constructor you are inheriting from doesn't take its property values from parameters, you don't need to specify them as additional arguments in call(). so, for example, if you had something really simple like this: function brick() { this.width = 10; this.height = 20; } you could inherit the width and height properties by ...
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Introduction to the server side - Learn web development
ng this article you'll understand the additional power available to websites through server-side coding. prerequisites: basic computer literacy. a basic understanding of what a web server is. objective: to gain familiarity with what server-side programming is, what it can do, and how it differs from client-side programming. most large-scale websites use server-side code to dynamically display different data when needed, generally pulled out of a database stored on a server and sent to the client to be displayed via some code (e.g. html and javascript). perhaps the most significant benefit of server-side code is that it allows you to tailor website content for individual users. dynamic sites can highlight content that is more relevant based on user preferences ...
...icate with web servers using the hypertext transfer protocol (http). when you click a link on a web page, submit a form, or run a search, an http request is sent from your browser to the target server. the request includes a url identifying the affected resource, a method that defines the required action (for example to get, delete, or post the resource), and may include additional information encoded in url parameters (the field-value pairs sent via a query string), as post data (data sent by the http post method), or in associated cookies. web servers wait for client request messages, process them when they arrive, and reply to the web browser with an http response message. the response contains a status line indicating whether or not the request succeeded (e.g. "http/1.1 200 ok" for succe...
...ating whether or not the request succeeded (e.g. "http/1.1 200 ok" for success). the body of a successful response to a request would contain the requested resource (e.g. a new html page, or an image, etc...), which could then be displayed by the web browser. static sites the diagram below shows a basic web server architecture for a static site (a static site is one that returns the same hard-coded content from the server whenever a particular resource is requested). when a user wants to navigate to a page, the browser sends an http "get" request specifying its url. the server retrieves the requested document from its file system and returns an http response containing the document and a success status (usually 200 ok). if the file cannot be retrieved for some reason, an error status is r...
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mozIStorageBindingParams
bindingparams objects by calling the mozistoragebindingparamsarray.newbindingparams(). ...
...hod overview void bindbyindex(in unsigned long aindex, in nsivariant avalue); void bindblobbyindex(in unsigned long aindex, [array, const, size_is(avaluesize)] in octet avalue, in unsigned long avaluesize); void binddoublebyindex(in unsigned long aindex, in double avalue); native code only! void bindint32byindex(in unsigned long aindex, in long avalue); native code only! void bindint64byindex(in unsigned long aindex, in long long avalue); native code only! void bindnullbyindex(in unsigned long aindex); native code only! void bindstringbyindex(in unsigned long aindex, in astring avalue); native code only! void bindutf8stringbyindex(in unsigned long aindex, in autf8string avalue); native code only! void bindbyname(...
...ve code only! void bindutf8stringbyindex(in unsigned long aindex, in autf8string avalue); native code only! void bindbyname(in autf8string aname, in nsivariant avalue); void bindblobbyname(in autf8string aname, [array, const, size_is(avaluesize)] in octet avalue, in unsigned long avaluesize); void binddoublebyname(in autf8string aname, in double avalue); native code only! void bindint32byname(in autf8string aname, in long avalue); native code only! void bindint64byname(in autf8string aname, in long long avalue); native code only! void bindnullbyname(in autf8string aname); native code only! void bindstringbyname(in autf8string aname, in astring avalue); native code only! void bindutf8stringbyname(in autf8string ana...
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nsILocalFileMac
xpcom/io/nsilocalfilemac.idlscriptable please add a summary to this article. ...
... xpcom/io/nsilocalfilemac.idlscriptable please add a summary to this article. ...
... xpcom/io/nsilocalfilemac.idlscriptable please add a summary to this article. ...
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Index
up wizard. 3 account examples extensions, thunderbird this article provides examples on accessing and manipulating thunderbird accounts. account interfaces provides an overview of the related interfaces. see an overview of thunderbird components for a general description of the thunderbird user interface and related programmatic interfaces. 4 account interfaces code snippets, extension development, thunderbird this page contains a list of the interfaces that you'll will most likely use when writing extensions that work with email or other accounts. see account examples for examples and code snippets. 5 activity manager thunderbird 3, thunderbird the activity manager is a simple component that understands how to display a combinatio...
...ve status bar to give the user notifications concerning what thunderbird is doing and how thunderbird has handled user requests. 6 activity manager interfaces thunderbird this page describes the programmatic interfaces behind the activity manager component. the functionality of the component is described on the activity manager page, and the activity manager examples page has code snippets. see nsiactivitymanager.idl and nsiactivity.idl files for source documentation. 7 address book interfaces mailnews, mozilla, seamonkey, thunderbird this page contains a list of the interfaces that you'll will most likely hit when writing patches for the address book or writing extensions. the complete list of interfaces for the address book can be found here. address...
...es for source documentation. 7 address book interfaces mailnews, mozilla, seamonkey, thunderbird this page contains a list of the interfaces that you'll will most likely hit when writing patches for the address book or writing extensions. the complete list of interfaces for the address book can be found here. address book examples show how to perform various tasks and provide code snippets. 8 address book examples mailnews, seamonkey, thunderbird this article provides examples on accessing and manipulating thunderbird address books. address book interfaces provides an overview of the related interfaces. see an overview of thunderbird components for a general description of the thunderbird user interface and related programmatic interfaces. 9 ...
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Using Objective-C from js-ctypes
it uses the default system voice and waits until the speaking is done. ...
...it uses the default system voice and waits until the speaking is done. ...
...it uses the default system voice and waits until the speaking is done. ...
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EventTarget.addEventListener() - Web APIs
true, indicates that the function specified by listener will never call preventdefault(). if a passive listener does call preventdefault(), the user agent will do nothing other than generate a console warning. see improving scrolling performance with passive listeners to learn more. mozsystemgroup a boolean indicating that the listener should be added to the system group. available only in code running in xbl or in the chrome of the firefox browser. usecapture optional a boolean indicating whether events of this type will be dispatched to the registered listener before being dispatched to any eventtarget beneath it in the dom tree. events that are bubbling upward through the tree will not trigger a listener designated to use capture. event bubbling and capturing are two ways of pr...
...ardless of the usecapture parameter. note: usecapture has not always been optional. ideally, you should include it for the widest possible browser compatibility. wantsuntrusted a firefox (gecko)-specific parameter. if true, the listener receives synthetic events dispatched by web content (the default is false for browser chrome and true for regular web pages). this parameter is useful for code found in add-ons, as well as the browser itself. return value undefined usage notes the event listener callback the event listener can be specified as either a callback function or an object that implements eventlistener, whose handleevent() method serves as the callback function. the callback function itself has the same parameters and return value as the handleevent() method; that is, th...
...re parameters to the function (complicating things enormously when dealing with optional values), the third parameter was changed to an object that can contain various properties defining the values of options to configure the process of removing the event listener. because older browsers (as well as some not-too-old browsers) still assume the third parameter is a boolean, you need to build your code to handle this scenario intelligently. you can do this by using feature detection for each of the options you're interested in. for example, if you want to check for the passive option: let passivesupported = false; try { const options = { get passive() { // this function will be called when the browser // attempts to access the passive property. passivesuppor...
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WebAssembly Concepts - WebAssembly
this article explains the concepts behind how webassembly works including its goals, the problems it solves, and how it runs inside the web browser's rendering engine. what is webassembly? ...
... what is webassembly? webassembly is a new type of code that can be run in modern web browsers and provides new features and major gains in performance. it is not primarily intended to be written by hand, rather it is designed to be an effective compilation target for low-level source languages like c, c++, rust, etc. this has huge implications for the web platform — it provides a way to run code written in multiple languages on the web at near-native speed, with client apps running on the web that previously couldn’t have done so. what’s more, you don’t even have to know how to create webassembly code to take advantage of it. webassembly modules can be imported into a web (or node.js) app, exposing webassembly functions for use via javascript. javascript frameworks could make use ...
...ctions for use via javascript. javascript frameworks could make use of webassembly to confer massive performance advantages and new features while still making functionality easily available to web developers. webassembly goals webassembly is being created as an open standard inside the w3c webassembly community group with the following goals: be fast, efficient, and portable — webassembly code can be executed at near-native speed across different platforms by taking advantage of common hardware capabilities. be readable and debuggable — webassembly is a low-level assembly language, but it does have a human-readable text format (the specification for which is still being finalized) that allows code to be written, viewed, and debugged by hand. keep secure — webassembly is specified...
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Creating Reusable Modules - Archive of obsolete content
you then import and use these modules from other parts of your add-on using the require() statement, in exactly that same way that you import core sdk modules like page-mod or panel. it can often make sense to structure a larger or more complex add-on as a collection of modules. ...
... // work with returned nsilocalfile... } return path; } hash function firefox has built-in support for hash functions, exposed via the nsicryptohash xpcom interface the documentation page for that interface includes an example of calculating an md5 hash of a file's contents, given its path. ...
... } return path; } hash function firefox has built-in support for hash functions, exposed via the nsicryptohash xpcom interface the documentation page for that interface includes an example of calculating an md5 hash of a file's contents, given its path. ...
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The Essentials of an Extension - Archive of obsolete content
you can open it with any text editor. the file is formatted in a special flavor of xml called rdf. rdf used to be the central storage mechanism for firefox, but it is now being replaced for a simpler database system. we'll discuss both of these storage systems further ahead in the tutorial. now let's look at the important parts of the file. <em:id>helloworld@xulschool.com</em:id> this is the unique identifier for the extension. ...
...lled, that you can see in the add-ons manager. there are many other tags that can be added, for contributors and translators. the full specification of the install.rdf file has all the details. since extensions can be translated to multiple languages, it is often necessary to translate the extension's description, or even its name. a localized description and name can be added with the following code: <em:localized> <description> <em:locale>es-es</em:locale> <em:name>xul school hola mundo</em:name> <em:description>bienvenido a xul school!</em:description> </description> </em:localized> the es-es locale string indicates that this is the spanish (es) localization for spain (es). you can add as many <em:localized> sections as you need. for firefox 2, localizing this file is...
...indow title bars are all examples of elements that are typically part of the chrome. taken from chrome registration. in other words, the chrome is everything you see in firefox. all firefox windows can be seen as having two parts: (1) the chrome and (2) possibly a content area, like the one that displays web pages in a firefox tab. windows like the downloads window are pure chrome. most of the code for an extension resides in the chrome folder, just like in the hello world example. as we saw in the directory structure of the unpacked extension, the chrome is composed of 3 sections: content, locale and skin. the 3 are necessary for most extensions. if we open the chrome.manifest file (again, any text editor will do), we see that the same 3 sections are mentioned: content xulschoolhello...
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Install script template - Archive of obsolete content
x = "my"; var suffix_description = "my plugin files"; var company_name = "mypluginco"; var plugin_description = "my exemplary plugin mine all mine"; // registry constant paths // these will be used when the win32 registry keys are written var hkey_local_machine = "hkey_local_machine"; var hkey_current_user = "hkey_current_user"; var reg_moz_path = "software\\mozillaplugins"; // my own error code in case secondary installation fails var nosecondaryinstall = 1; // error return codes need some memory var err; // error return codes when we try and install to the current browser var errblock1; // error return codes when we try and do a secondary installation var errblock2 = 0; // global variable containing our secondary install location var secondaryfolder; //special error values use...
...lid, qualifiedsecondaryfolderdll, qualifiedsecondaryfolderxpt, plugin_description, company_name, software_name, version, mimetype, suffix, suffix_description); logcomment("first install installation: registerplid("+hkey_current_user+") returned, status "+hklm_status); if (hkcu_status != 0) { logcomment("could not write to the registry. errorcode="+hkcu_status); return hkcu_status; } } return 0; } /** * function for preinstallation of plugin (firstinstall). * you should not stop the install process because the function failed, * you still have a chance to install the plugin for the already * installed gecko browsers. * * @param dirpath directory path from getfolder * @param spacerequired required space in kil...
...erplid: registry key not writable"); return registrykeynotwritableerror; } // if we can't find the plidpath create the key if (!winreg.keyexists(plidpath)) { logcomment("moz registerplid: creating missing key "+plidpath+"."); myregstatus = winreg.createkey(plidpath, ""); if (myregstatus != 0) { logcomment("moz registerplid: could not create the key, "+plidpath+"as expected. errorcode="+myregstatus); return myregstatus; } } // ok were done, let's write info about our plugin, path, productname, etc // write a subkey to mozillaplugins with our plid //var mysetstrrc = winreg.setvaluestring(plidpath, plidid, dllabsolutepath); mymozillapluginpath = plidpath+"\\"+plidid; // for instance. software\mozillaplugins\@cycore.com/cult3dviewer myregstatus = winreg.createkey(p...
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Using XPInstall to Install Plugins - Archive of obsolete content
rms that mozilla and netscape browsers based on mozilla (such as netscape 7) are deployed. it can be a way to ensure a smooth user-experience when obtaining plugins, without obliging the user to exit the browsing environment to launch a binary installer (the classic setup.exe experience on windows) or obliging the user to restart their browser. for plugin vendors who have already written a native code (e.g. exe) installer, xpinstall can wrap this native installer and run it so that the user never has to leave the browsing environment and click on the exe to run it. this article presents a guideline for improving the plugin installation experience for netscape gecko browsers using xpinstall. a definition of terms xpinstall is an installer technology, and the name itself stands for "cross pla...
...t file called install.js, which is the install logic that drives the installation. this includes instructions on where to install the software, and what messages to feed to the user. you can create an xpinstall file by first zipping all the items you want installed with winzip (create a zip archive) and then renaming it with the xpi file extension instead of the zip file extension. unlike native code installers (for example, files called setup.exe), the programming language for install operations in xpi is javascript. since the file format that contains the software and the install.js javascript file is a cross-platform file (zip) and since javascript is understood by mozilla browsers on all platforms, often one single xpi package can be deployed on all platforms. this is, in fact, how skins ...
...lla browsers on all platforms, often one single xpi package can be deployed on all platforms. this is, in fact, how skins and themes are installed to mozilla browsers, changing their look and feel. this article focuses on how to install plugins. which browsers support xpinstall? currently, all mozilla browsers released by mozilla.org support xpinstall, and a family of browsers based on mozilla code support xpinstall. in particular, this includes: recent netscape browsers such as netscape 6.2.x and netscape 7.0, which are both based on netscape gecko, which is at the core of the mozilla browser recent beta-only versions of the aol software based on netscape gecko, the layout engine of the mozilla project. caveats: aol time warner's compuserve browser, also based on netscape gecko, does...
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Examples - Archive of obsolete content
ideally, upload the file to a web server and you're done. please note that the examples 4, 5 and 6 require a file named style.css to exist in the same directory as the example. you can get the contents of style.css at the bottom of this page. ...
...ideally, upload the file to a web server and you're done. please note that the examples 4, 5 and 6 require a file named style.css to exist in the same directory as the example. you can get the contents of style.css at the bottom of this page. ...
... </p> <dl> <dt>mozilla 1.1+/opera 7</dt> <dd>do not apply css or execute the javascript.</dd> <dt>netscape 7.0x/mozilla 1.0.x</dt> <dd>do ...
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How to build custom form controls - Learn web development
you may consider building your own controls. in this article, we will discuss how to build a custom control. to that end, we will work with an example: rebuilding the <select> element. we will also discuss how, when, and whether building your own control makes sense, and what to consider when building a control is a requirement. note: we'll focus on building the control, not on how to make the code generic and reusable; that would involve some non-trival javascript code and dom manipulation in an unknown context, and that is out of the scope of this article. design, structure, and semantics before building a custom control, you should start by figuring out exactly what you want. this will save you some precious time. in particular, it's important to clearly define all the states of your ...
...ss="option">banana</li> <li class="option">strawberry</li> <li class="option">apple</li> </ul> </div> note the use of class names; these identify each relevant part regardless of the actual underlying html elements used. this is important to make sure that we don't bind our css and javascript to a strong html structure, so that we can make implementation changes later without breaking code that uses the control. for example, what if you wish to implement the equivalent of the <optgroup> element later on? class names, however, provide no semantic value. in this current state, the screen reader user only "sees" an unordered list. we will add aria semantics in a bit. creating the look and feel using css now that we have a structure, we can start designing our control. the whole poi...
... an ellipsis */ display : inline-block; width : 100%; overflow : hidden; white-space : nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; vertical-align: top; } we don't need an extra element to design the down arrow; instead, we're using the :after pseudo-element. it could also be implemented using a simple background image on the select class. ...
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UI pseudo-classes - Learn web development
ates selection — that could be confusing. having a purely visual indicator solves this problem. note: this also shows how you can combine a pseudo-class and pseudo-element if required. back to our required/optional example from before, this time we'll not alter the appearance of the input itself — we'll use generated content to add an indicating label (see it live here, and see the source code here). first of all, we'll add a paragraph to the top of the form to say what you are looking for: <p>required fields are labelled with "required".</p> screenreader users will get "required" read out as an extra bit of information when they get to each required input, which sighted users will get our label. since form inputs don't directly support having generated content put on them (this is...
...tes are (matched with) :invalid, but also matched by :out-of-range, as you'll see later on. there are some other ways to make an element matched by :valid/:invalid, as you'll see in the client-side form validation article. but we'll keep things simple for now. let's go in and look at a simple example of :valid/:invalid (see valid-invalid.html for the live version, and also check out the source code). as in the previous example, we've got extra <span>s to generate content on, which we'll use to provide indicators of valid/invalid data: <div> <label for="fname">first name *: </label> <input id="fname" name="fname" type="text" required> <span></span> </div> to provide these indicators, we use the following css: input + span { position: relative; } input + span::before { position...
...ass. so why have both? the issue is really one of semantics — out-of-range is a more specific type of invalid communication, so you might want to provide a different message for out-of-range inputs, which will be more helpful to users than just saying "invalid". you might even want to provide both. let's look at an example that does exactly this. our out-of-range.html demo (see also the source code) builds on top of the previous example to provide out-of-range messages for the numeric inputs, as well as saying whether they are required. the numeric input looks like this: <div> <label for="age">age (must be 12+): </label> <input id="age" name="age" type="number" min="12" max="120" required> <span></span> </div> and the css looks like this: input + span { position: relative; } in...
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Video and audio content - Learn web development
uch features added, with the <video> and <audio> elements, and some shiny new javascript apis for controlling them. we'll not be looking at javascript here — just the basic foundations that can be achieved with html. we won't be teaching you how to produce audio and video files — that requires a completely different skillset. we have provided you with sample audio and video files and example code for your own experimentation, in case you are unable to get hold of your own. note: before you begin here, you should also know that there are quite a few ovps (online video providers) like youtube, dailymotion, and vimeo, and online audio providers like soundcloud. such companies offer a convenient, easy way to host and consume videos, so you don't have to worry about the enormous bandwidth co...
... unable to get hold of your own. note: before you begin here, you should also know that there are quite a few ovps (online video providers) like youtube, dailymotion, and vimeo, and online audio providers like soundcloud. such companies offer a convenient, easy way to host and consume videos, so you don't have to worry about the enormous bandwidth consumption. ovps even usually offer ready-made code for embedding video/audio in your webpages; if you use that route, you can avoid some of the difficulties we discuss in this article. we'll be discussing this kind of service a bit more in the next article. the <video> element the <video> element allows you to embed a video very easily. a really simple example looks like this: <video src="rabbit320.webm" controls> <p>your browser doesn't su...
...accessing the page doesn't support the <video> element, allowing us to provide a fallback for older browsers. this can be anything you like; in this case, we've provided a direct link to the video file, so the user can at least access it some way regardless of what browser they are using. the embedded video will look something like this: you can try the example live here (see also the source code.) using multiple source formats to improve compatibility there's a problem with the above example, which you may have noticed already if you've tried to access the live link above with an older browser like internet explorer or even an older version of safari. the video won't play, because different browsers support different video (and audio) formats. fortunately, there are things you can do t...
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Getting started with Svelte - Learn web development
environment, create a sample app, understand the structure of the project, and see how to run it locally and build it for production. prerequisites: at minimum, it is recommended that you are familiar with the core html, css, and javascript languages, and have knowledge of the terminal/command line. svelte is a compiler that generates minimal and highly optimized javascript code from our sources; you'll need a terminal with node + npm installed to compile and build your app. objective: to setup a local svelte development environment, create and build a starter app, and understand the basics of how it works. svelte: a new approach to building rich user interfaces svelte provides a different approach to building web apps than some of the other frame...
...t from scratch letting svelte drive your ui or you can incrementally integrate it into an existing application. nevertheless, svelte is particularly appropriate to tackle the following situations: web applications intended for low power devices: applications built with svelte have smaller bundle sizes, which is ideal for devices with slow network connections and limited processing power. less code means less kb to download, parse, execute, and keep hanging around in memory. highly interactive pages or complex visualizations: if you are building data-visualizations that need to display a large number of dom elements, the performance gains that come from a framework with no runtime overhead will ensure that user interactions are snappy and responsive. onboarding people with basic web devel...
...ive. onboarding people with basic web development knowledge: svelte has a shallow learning curve. web developers with basic html, css, and javascript knowledge can easily grasp svelte specifics in a short time and start building web applications. moreover, with the help of sapper (a framework based on svelte), you can also develop applications with advanced features like server-side rendering, code splitting, file-based routing and offline support. and then there's also svelte native, which lets you build native mobile applications. how does svelte work? being a compiler, svelte can extend html, css, and javascript, generating optimal javascript code without any runtime overhead. to achieve this, svelte extends vanilla web technologies in the following ways: it extends html by allowing...
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Working with Svelte stores - Learn web development
t shows notifications on screen, which can receive messages from any component. in this case, the alert component is independent from the rest — it is not a parent or child of any other — so the messages don't fit into the component hierarchy. we will also see how to develop our own custom store to persist the todo information to web storage, allowing our todos to persist over page reloads. code along with us git clone the github repo (if you haven't already done it) with: git clone https://github.com/opensas/mdn-svelte-tutorial.git then to get to the current app state, run cd mdn-svelte-tutorial/06-stores or directly download the folder's content: npx degit opensas/mdn-svelte-tutorial/06-stores remember to run npm install && npm run dev to start your app in development mode. re...
...with us git clone the github repo (if you haven't already done it) with: git clone https://github.com/opensas/mdn-svelte-tutorial.git then to get to the current app state, run cd mdn-svelte-tutorial/06-stores or directly download the folder's content: npx degit opensas/mdn-svelte-tutorial/06-stores remember to run npm install && npm run dev to start your app in development mode. repl to code along with us using the repl, start at https://svelte.dev/repl/d1fa84a5a4494366b179c87395940039?version=3.23.2 dealing with our app state we have already seen how our components can communicate with each other using props, two-way data binding, and events. in all these cases we were dealing with communication between parent and child components. but not all application state belongs inside yo...
... display a message whenever the store is modified. create a new file — stores.js — inside your src directory. give it the following content: import { writable } from 'svelte/store' export const alert = writable('welcome to the to-do list app!') note: stores can be defined and used outside of svelte components, so you can organize them in any way you please. in the above code we import the writable() function from svelte/store and use it to create a new store called alert with an initial value of "welcome to the to-do list app!". we then export the store. creating the actual component let's now create our alert component and see how we can read values from the store. create another new file named src/components/alert.svelte. give it the following content...
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Signing Mozilla apps for Mac OS X
mac os x's gatekeeper functionality prevents users from launching applications that haven't been code-signed, in order to help keep their computers secure. firefox and thunderbird releases are both signed before shipping; this article describes the process. signing mozilla apps without the signing server firefox and thunderbird are built using mozilla's release automation infrastructure. on mac os x, part of this infrastructure is automatic signing of the ".app" folder using apple's codesign tool. ...
...s release automation infrastructure. on mac os x, part of this infrastructure is automatic signing of the ".app" folder using apple's codesign tool. for projects that don't use mozilla's release automation and would like to be signed for secure launching on os 10.8 mountain lion and later, this guide should provide some insight into how to make sure applications are signed correctly using apple's codesign tool. apple's code signing guide is also a good resource on the subject. getting a signing certificate in order to code-sign an application, you need a signing certificate. while testing and debugging for test and debug purposes, the easiest way to get a signing certificate is to use apple's keychain feature to create one. there are good instructions available under "to use the certificat...
... creating a private key, certificate signing request, and importing your new developer id into the keychain access application on your mac. if the "developer id" radio button is greyed out you probably have a group account. these types of accounts only allow for the "agent" role to create developer ids. contact the person who created your group apple developer account if you get stuck here. the codesign tool apple provides a tool called codesign; this command-line application is used to add a signature to an application bundle. the man page for codesign is available online, or you can simply type "man codesign" in a terminal window. the main options of note are: -s your-signing-identity lets you specify the signing certificate you want to sign the application with your-signing-identity ...
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An Overview of XPCOM
oped and built independently of one another. in order to allow interoperability between components within an application, xpcom separates the implementation of a component from the interface, which we discuss in interfaces. but xpcom also provides several tools and libraries that enable the loading and manipulation of these components, services that help the developer write modular cross-platform code, and versioning support, so that components can be replaced or upgraded without breaking or having to recreate the application. using xpcom, developers create components that can be reused in different applications or that can be replaced to change the functionality of existing applications. xpcom not only supports component software development, it also provides much of the functionality that a...
...libraries (a dll on windows, for example, or a dso on unix), which can include one or more components. when two or more related components are grouped together in a binary library, the library is referred to as a module. modular, component-based programming makes software easier to develop and maintain and has some well-known advantages: benefit description reuse modular code can be reused in other applications and other contexts. updates you can update components without having to recompile the whole application. performance when code is modularized, modules that are not necessary right away can be "lazy loaded", or not loaded at all, which can improve the performance of your application. maintenance even when you are not updating ...
...les that are not necessary right away can be "lazy loaded", or not loaded at all, which can improve the performance of your application. maintenance even when you are not updating a component, designing your application in a modular way can make it easier for you to find and maintain the parts of the application that you are interested in. mozilla has over four million lines of code, and no single individual understands the entire codebase. the best way to tackle a project of this size is to divide it into smaller, more manageable pieces, use a component programming model, and to organize related sets of components into modules. the network library, for example, consists of components for each of the protocols, http, ftp, and others, which are bundled together and linked int...
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nsIMimeConverter
the nsimimeconverter service allows you to convert headers into and out of mime format. inherits from: nsisupports implemented by: @mozilla.org/messenger/mimeconverter;1. ...
... the nsimimeconverter service allows you to convert headers into and out of mime format. inherits from: nsisupports implemented by: @mozilla.org/messenger/mimeconverter;1. ...
... the nsimimeconverter service allows you to convert headers into and out of mime format. inherits from: nsisupports implemented by: @mozilla.org/messenger/mimeconverter;1. ...
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Plug-in Basics - Plugins
and innovative plug-ins. with the plug-in api, you can create dynamically loaded plug-ins that can: register one or more mime types draw into a part of a browser window receive keyboard and mouse events obtain data from the network using urls post data to urls add hyperlinks or hotspots that link to new urls draw into sections on an html page communicate with javascript/dom from native code you can see which plug-ins are installed on your system and have been properly associated with the browser by consulting the installed plug-ins page. go to the help menu, and click help and then about plug-ins. type "about:plugins" in the location bar. the installed plug-ins page lists each installed plug-in along with its mime type or types, description, file extensions, and the current state ...
...ooks for plugin modules in particular places on the system. for more information about where gecko looks for plugin modules on different systems, see how gecko finds plug-ins. when the user opens a page that contains embedded data of a media type that invokes a plug-in, the browser responds with the following sequence of actions: check for a plug-in with a matching mime type load the plug-in code into memory initialize the plug-in create a new instance of the plug-in gecko can load multiple instances of the same plug-in on a single page, or in several open windows at the same time. if you are browsing a page that has several embedded realaudio clips, for example, the browser will create as many instances of the realplayer plug-in as are needed (though of course playing several realaud...
...are browsing a page that has several embedded realaudio clips, for example, the browser will create as many instances of the realplayer plug-in as are needed (though of course playing several realaudio files at the same time would seldom be a good idea). when the user leaves the page or closes the window, the plug-in instance is deleted. when the last instance of a plug-in is deleted, the plug-in code is unloaded from memory. a plug-in consumes no resources other than disk space when it is not loaded. the next section, understanding the runtime model, describes these stages in more detail. understanding the runtime model plug-ins are dynamic code modules that are associated with one or more mime types. when the browser starts, it enumerates the available plug-ins (this step varies according ...
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Capabilities, constraints, and settings - Web APIs
historically, writing scripts for the web that work intimately with web apis has had a well-known challenge: often, your code needs to know whether or not an api exists and if so, what its limitations are on the user agent it's running on. figuring this out has often been difficult, and has usually involved looking at some combination of which user agent (or browser) you're running on, which version it is, looking to see if certain objects exist, trying to see whether various things work or not and determining what errors occur, and so forth. the result has been a lot of very fragile code, or a reliance on libraries which figure this stuff out for you, then implement polyfills to patch the holes in the implementation on your behalf. the twin concepts of constraints and capabilities let the b...
...s desired, with the standard 16:9 aspect ratio. there's no guarantee that the resulting track will match any of these, but the user agent should do its best to match as many as possible. the prioritization of the properties is simple: if two properties' requested values are mutually exclusive, then the one listed first in the constraint set will be used. as an example, if the browser running the code above couldn't provide a 1920x1080 track but could do 1920x900, then that's what would be provided. simple constraints like these, specifying a single value, are always treated as non-required. the user agent will try to provide what you request but will not guarantee that what you get will match. however, if you use simple values for properties when calling mediastreamtrack.applyconstraints(), ...
...mediatracksettings. for example: function whichcamera(track) { return track.getsettings().facingmode; } this function uses getsettings() to obtain the track's currently in-use values for the constrainable properties and returns the value of facingmode. example: constraint exerciser in this example, we create an exerciser which lets you experiment with media constraints by editing the source code describing the constraint sets for audio and video tracks. you can then apply those changes and see the result, including both what the stream looks like and what the actual media settings are set to after applying the new constraints. the html and css for this example are pretty simple, and aren't shown here. you can look at the complete example by clicking here. html content <p>experiment w...
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String - JavaScript
ty lookup occurs, javascript will automatically wrap the string primitive and call the method or perform the property lookup. let s_prim = 'foo' let s_obj = new string(s_prim) console.log(typeof s_prim) // logs "string" console.log(typeof s_obj) // logs "object" string primitives and string objects also give different results when using eval(). ...
...imitives passed to eval are treated as source code; string objects are treated as all other objects are, by returning the object. for example: let s1 = '2 + 2' // creates a string primitive let s2 = new string('2 + 2') // creates a string object console.log(eval(s1)) // returns the number 4 console.log(eval(s2)) // returns the string "2 + 2" for these reasons, the code may break when it encounters string objects when it expects a primitive string instead, although generally, authors need not worry about the distinction. a string object can always be converted to its primitive counterpart with the valueof() method. ...
...tring "2 + 2" for these reasons, the code may break when it encounters string objects when it expects a primitive string instead, although generally, authors need not worry about the distinction. a string object can always be converted to its primitive counterpart with the valueof() method. ...
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Lexical grammar - JavaScript
t to right and is converted into a sequence of input elements which are tokens, control characters, line terminators, comments or white space. ecmascript also defines certain keywords and literals and has rules for automatic insertion of semicolons to end statements. control characters control characters have no visual representation but are used to control the interpretation of the text. unicode format-control characters code point name abbreviation description u+200c zero width non-joiner <zwnj> placed between characters to prevent being connected into ligatures in certain languages (wikipedia). u+200d zero width joiner <zwj> placed between characters that would not normally be connected in order to cause the characters to be rend...
...acters to prevent being connected into ligatures in certain languages (wikipedia). u+200d zero width joiner <zwj> placed between characters that would not normally be connected in order to cause the characters to be rendered using their connected form in certain languages (wikipedia). ...
... rendered using their connected form in certain languages (wikipedia). u+feff byte order mark <bom> used at the start of the script to mark it as unicode and the text's byte order (wikipedia). white space white space characters improve the readability of source text and separate tokens from each other. these characters are usually unnecessary for the functionality of the code. minification tools are often used to remove whitespace in order to reduce the amount of data that needs to be transferred. ...
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Archived Mozilla and build documentation - Archive of obsolete content
you perform queries on the contents of a cvs archive; you can: get a list of checkins, see what checkins have been made by a given person, or on a given cvs branch, or in a particular time period. it also includes tools for looking at checkin logs (and comments); doing diffs between various versions of a file; and finding out which person is responsible for changing a particular line of code ("cvsblame"). bookmark keywords practically every web surfer has bookmarks, of course, and power surfers usually have hundreds stuffed into folders within folders. in addition to being handy pointers to useful resources, bookmarks in mozilla can be used to make the address bar itself a power tool. searches, lookups, package tracking, and even word defin...
...ozilla extension is an installable enhancement to the mozilla browser that provides additional functionality (for example linky, which adds an item to the context menu for opening multiple links in a document or selection). this tutorial walks you through the process of building a mozilla extension that adds an icon to mozilla's status bar showing the current status of the mozilla source code (i.e. whether or not the latest version of the code is compiling successfully and passing tests). the extension will access tinderbox, mozilla.org's webtool for tracking source code status, to get the status of the code. creating a skin for firefox/getting started download the latest version of firefox and install it. be sure to install the dom inspector...
...e. probe data can be collected with scripts written in d (no, not that one). mozilla dtrace support has been added by the sun dtrace team and can be used on solaris 10 and mac os x 10.5. embedding faq embedding mozilla in a java application using javaxpcom xulrunner ships with the javaxpcom component, which allows java code to interact with xpcom objects. as you will see in this article, working with xpcom objects in java is not that much different than doing so in c++. error console the error console is a tool available in most mozilla-based applications that is used for reporting errors in the application chrome and in web pages user opens. it reports javascript-related ...
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From object to iframe — other embedding technologies - Learn web development
familiar with youtube, but many people don't know about some of the sharing facilities it has available. let's look at how youtube allows us to embed a video in any page we like using an <iframe>. first, go to youtube and find a video you like. below the video, you'll find a share button — select this to display the sharing options. select the embed button and you'll be given some <iframe> code — copy this. insert it into the input box below, and see what the result is in the output. for bonus points, you could also try embedding a google map in the example: go to google maps and find a map you like. click on the "hamburger menu" (three horizontal lines) in the top left of the ui. select the share or embed map option. select the embed map option, which will give you some <ifr...
...copy this. insert it into the input box below, and see what the result is in the output. for bonus points, you could also try embedding a google map in the example: go to google maps and find a map you like. click on the "hamburger menu" (three horizontal lines) in the top left of the ui. select the share or embed map option. ...
...ontal lines) in the top left of the ui. select the share or embed map option. select the embed map option, which will give you some <iframe> code — copy this. insert it into the input box below, and see what the result is in the output. if you make a mistake, you can always reset it using the reset button. if you get really stuck, press the show solution button to see an answer. ...
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Introducing asynchronous JavaScript - Learn web development
javascript, and what use cases it has. synchronous javascript to allow us to understand what asynchronous javascript is, we ought to start off by making sure we understand what synchronous javascript is. this section recaps some of the information we saw in the previous article. a lot of the functionality we have looked at in previous learning area modules is synchronous — you run some code, and the result is returned as soon as the browser can do so. let's look at a simple example (see it live here, and see the source): const btn = document.queryselector('button'); btn.addeventlistener('click', () => { alert('you clicked me!'); let pelem = document.createelement('p'); pelem.textcontent = 'this is a newly-added paragraph.'; document.body.appendchild(pelem); }); in this b...
...button is pressed in the alert box. you can try it for yourself: <button>click me</button> note: it is important to remember that alert(), while being very useful for demonstrating a synchronous blocking operation, is terrible for use in real world applications. asynchronous javascript for reasons illustrated earlier (e.g. related to blocking), many web api features now use asynchronous code to run, especially those that access or fetch some kind of resource from an external device, such as fetching a file from the network, accessing a database and returning data from it, accessing a video stream from a web cam, or broadcasting the display to a vr headset. why is this difficult to get to work using synchronous code? let's look at a quick example. when you fetch an image from a serve...
...let's look at a quick example. when you fetch an image from a server, you can't return the result immediately. ...
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Dynamic behavior in Svelte: working with variables and props - Learn web development
javascript languages, and have knowledge of the terminal/command line. you'll need a terminal with node + npm installed to compile and build your app. objective: learn and put into practice some basic svelte concepts, like creating components, passing data using props, render javascript expressions into our markup, modify the components state and iterating over lists. ...
...o (if you haven't already done it) with: git clone https://github.com/opensas/mdn-svelte-tutorial.git then to get to the current app state, run cd mdn-svelte-tutorial/03-adding-dynamic-behavior or directly download the folder's content: npx degit opensas/mdn-svelte-tutorial/03-adding-dynamic-behavior remember to run npm install && npm run dev to start your app in development mode. repl to code along with us using the repl, start at https://svelte.dev/repl/c862d964d48d473ca63ab91709a0a5a0?version=3.23.2 working with todos our todos.svelte component is currently just displaying static markup; let's start making it a bit more dynamic. we'll take the tasks information from the markup and store it in a todos array. we'll also create two variables to keep track of the total number of task...
...ate your first component', completed: true }, { id: 3, name: 'complete the rest of the tutorial', completed: false } ] let totaltodos = todos.length let completedtodos = todos.filter(todo => todo.completed).length </script> now let's do something with that information. let's start by showing a status message. find the <h2> heading with an id of list-heading and replace the hardcoded number of active and completed tasks with dynamic expressions: <h2 id="list-heading">{completedtodos} out of {totaltodos} items completed</h2> go to the app, and you should see the "2 out of 3 items completed" message as before, but this time the information is coming from the todos array. to prove it, go to that array, and try changing some of the todo object's completed property...
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Package management basics - Learn web development
t of software that was probably written by someone else and ideally solves a single problem for you. a web project can have any number of dependencies, ranging from none to many, and your dependencies might include sub-dependencies that you didn't explicitly install — your dependencies may have their own dependencies. a simple example of a useful dependency that your project might need is some code to calculate relative dates as human-readable text. you could certainly code this yourself, but there's a strong chance that someone else has already solved this problem — why waste time reinventing the wheel? moreover, a reliable third-party dependency will likely have been tested in a lot of different situations, making it more robust and cross-browser compatible than your own solution. a pr...
... vue — or a very small utility like our human-readable date library, or it can be a command line tool such as prettier or eslint, which we talked about in previous articles. without modern build tools, dependencies like this might be included in your project using a simple <script> element, but this might not work right out of the box and you will likely need some modern tooling to bundle your code and dependencies together when they are released on the web. a bundle is the term that’s generally used to refer to a single file on your web server that contains all the javascript for your software — typically compressed as much as possible to help reduce the time it takes to get your software downloaded and displayed in your visitors’ browser. in addition, what happens if you find a bet...
...ind a better tool that you want to use instead of the current one, or a new version of your dependency is released that you want to update to? this is not too painful for a couple of dependencies, but in larger projects with many dependencies this kind of thing can become really challenging to keep track of. it makes more sense to use a package manager such as npm, as this will guarantee that the code is added and removed cleanly, as well as a host of other advantages. what exactly is a package manager? we've met npm already, but stepping back from npm itself, a package manager is a system that will manage your project dependencies. the package manager will provide a method to install new dependencies (also referred to as "packages"), manage where packages are stored on your file system, an...
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Internationalized Domain Names (IDN) Support in Mozilla Browsers
aracters for user input into a browser's location bar or url's embedded in web pages. at the network protocol level, there is no change in the restriction that only a subset of ascii characters be used in url/uri. ...
... ascii characters be used in url/uri. if end users input non-ascii characters as part of a domain name or if a web page contains a link using a non-ascii domain name, the application must convert such input into a special encoded format using only the usual ascii subset characters. rfc 3490 (internationalizing domain names in applications (idna)) defines characters used in idn to be drawn from unicode standard 3.2. it also defines how an application should process non-ascii characters in such a way to conform to existing host name character restrictions. ...
... the process will convert uppercase characters to lowercase ones (case folding), unify characters with multiple representation, e.g. ...
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Enc Dec MAC Using Key Wrap CertReq PKCS10 CSR
2.0. if a copy of the mpl was not distributed with this * file, you can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/mpl/2.0/. ...
...2.0. if a copy of the mpl was not distributed with this * file, you can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/mpl/2.0/. ...
... rv = readderfromfile(&reqder, infilename, ascii); if (rv) { rv = secfailure; goto cleanup; } certreq = (certcertificaterequest*) port_arenazalloc (arena, sizeof(certcertificaterequest)); if (!certreq) { rv = secfailure; goto cleanup; } certreq->arena = arena; /* since cert request is a signed data, must decode to get the inner data */ port_memset(&signeddata, 0, sizeof(signeddata)); rv = sec_asn1decodeitem(arena, &signeddata, sec_asn1_get(cert_signeddatatemplate), &reqder); if (rv) { rv = secfailure; goto cleanup; } rv = sec_asn1decodeitem(arena, certreq, sec_asn1_get(cert_certificaterequesttemplate), &...
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sample2
2.0. if a copy of the mpl was not distributed with this * file, you can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/mpl/2.0/. ...
...*/ #ifndef port_errortostring #define port_errortostring(err) pr_errortostring((err), pr_language_i_default) #endif /* sample 6 commands */ typedef enum { generate_csr, add_cert_to_db, save_cert_to_header, encrypt, decrypt, sign, verify,...
...ically from nss versions earlier than 3.13 */ #ifndef sec_error_base #define sec_error_base (-0x2000) typedef enum { sec_error_io = sec_error_base + 0, sec_error_token_not_logged_in = (sec_error_base + 155), sec_error_end_of_list } secerrorcodes; #endif /* port_errortostring introduced in nss 3.13. on earlier versions of nss that * don't support error tables, pr_errortostring will return "unknown code". */ #ifndef port_errortostring #define port_errortostring(err) pr_errortostring((err), pr_language_i_default) #endif /* sample 6 commands */ typedef enum { generate_csr, add_cert_to_db, save_cert_to_header, encrypt, decrypt, sign, verify, unknown } commandtype; typedef enum { symkey = 0, mackey = 1, iv = 2, mac = 3, pad = 4, pubkey = 5, lab = 6, certenc= 7, certvfy= 8, sig = 9 } headertype; /* *...
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Introduction to XPCOM for the DOM
warning: this document has not yet been reviewed by the dom gurus, it might contain some errors. this document is an introduction to the use of xpcom in the context of the dom code. the use of xpcom and nscomptr's described in this document covers about 80% of what you need to know to read the dom code, and even write some. for more advanced topics, please see the xpcom page. the tracking bug for this document is bug 99592. target audience: people who would like a quick introduction to the use of c++ and xpcom in the dom code. the understanding of the content of this document is a requirement to read the rest of the dom hacking guide. important note: this document assumes some knowledge of c++, specially the object-oriented part of it. i learned c++ by reading "c++ primer" from st...
... would like a quick introduction to the use of c++ and xpcom in the dom code. the understanding of the content of this document is a requirement to read the rest of the dom hacking guide. important note: this document assumes some knowledge of c++, specially the object-oriented part of it. i learned c++ by reading "c++ primer" from stanley lippman and josee lajoie, then experimenting on the dom code. i recommend that book to all the beginners out there. introduction to the introduction the dom makes extensive use of xpcom. in fact, to do anything with the dom implementation you need xpcom. you do not, however, need to know all the hairy details, if you just intend to read the code or to work with the existing framework. the numerous macros and facilities brought by the dom, as well as nsc...
... virtual functions. an interface can also be defined using xpidl. this is described in section 1.e, "how to add an interface". since an interface doesn't have any implementation, it has to be implemented by a non-abstract class -- a concrete class. if the interface is called nsifoo and the class is called nsfoo, we say that "nsfoo implements nsifoo", or that "nsfoo inherits from nsifoo". ...
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Xptcall Porting Status
mike shaver <shaver@mozilla.org> is the best contact regarding 'nix (unix, linux, finux, etc.) ports of xptcall. ...
...egcs 1.1. he notes that the vtbl scheme is different. he is hoping that others will help test the changes using these two compilers on the various pl...
...bert's details <font color="white">done</font> mac ppc roger lawrence <rogerl@net...
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DOMException - Web APIs
ception) that occurs as a result of calling a method or accessing a property of a web api. this is basically how error conditions are described in web apis. each exception has a name, which is a short "camelcase" style string identifying the error or abnormal condition. constructor domexception() returns a domexception object with a specified message and name. properties domexception.code read only returns a short that contains one of the error code constants, or 0 if none match. this field is used for historical reasons. new dom exceptions don't use this anymore: they put this info in the domexception.name attribute. domexception.message read only returns a domstring representing a message or description associated with the given error name. domexception.name read only ...
...domstring that contains one of the strings associated with an error name. error names common error names are listed here. some apis define their own sets of names, so this is not necessarily a complete list. ...
... not necessarily a complete list. note: because historically the errors were identified by a numeric value that corresponded with a named variable defined to have that value, some of the entries below indicate the legacy code value and constant name that were used in the past. indexsizeerror the index is not in the allowed range. for example, this can be thrown by the range object. (legacy code value: 1 and legacy constant name: index_size_err) hierarchyrequesterror the node tree hierarchy is not correct. ...
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Using IndexedDB - Web APIs
e operation, like adding or retrieving data. wait for the operation to complete by listening to the right kind of dom event. do something with the results (which can be found on the request object). with these big concepts under our belts, we can get to more concrete stuff. creating and structuring the store using an experimental version of indexeddb in case you want to test your code in browsers that still use a prefix, you can use the following code: // in the following line, you should include the prefixes of implementations you want to test. window.indexeddb = window.indexeddb || window.mozindexeddb || window.webkitindexeddb || window.msindexeddb; // don't use "var indexeddb = ..." if you're not in a function. // moreover, you may need references to some window.idb* obj...
...rt the object's constants for older browsers window.idbkeyrange = window.idbkeyrange || window.webkitidbkeyrange || window.msidbkeyrange; // (mozilla has never prefixed these objects, so we don't need window.mozidb*) beware that implementations that use a prefix may be buggy, or incomplete, or following an old version of the specification. therefore, it is not recommended to use it in production code. it may be preferable to not support a browser than to claim to support it and fail: if (!window.indexeddb) { console.log("your browser doesn't support a stable version of indexeddb. such and such feature will not be available."); } opening a database we start the whole process like this: // let us open our database var request = window.indexeddb.open("mytestdatabase", 3); see that? op...
...pgradeneeded event trigger. so for example, don't use 2.4 as a version number: var request = indexeddb.open("mytestdatabase", 2.4); // don't do this, as the version will be rounded to 2 generating handlers the first thing you'll want to do with almost all of the requests you generate is to add success and error handlers: request.onerror = function(event) { // do something with request.errorcode! }; request.onsuccess = function(event) { // do something with request.result! }; which of the two functions, onsuccess() or onerror(), gets called? if everything succeeds, a success event (that is, a dom event whose type property is set to "success") is fired with request as its target. once it is fired, the onsuccess() function on request is triggered with the success event as its argument. ...
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SubtleCrypto.encrypt() - Web APIs
ing mode, as specified in nist sp800-38a. aes-gcm this represents aes in galois/counter mode, as specified in nist sp800-38d. one major difference between this mode and the others is that gcm is an "authenticated" mode, which means that it includes checks that the ciphertext has not been modified by an attacker. examples note: you can try the working examples out on github. ...
...aes-gcm this represents aes in galois/counter mode, as specified in nist sp800-38d. one major difference between this mode and the others is that gcm is an "authenticated" mode, which means that it includes checks that the ciphertext has not been modified by an attacker. examples note: you can try the working examples out on github. ...
...-38d. one major difference between this mode and the others is that gcm is an "authenticated" mode, which means that it includes checks that the ciphertext has not been modified by an attacker. examples note: you can try the working examples out on github. rsa-oaep this code fetches the contents of a text box, encodes it for encryption, and encrypts it with using rsa-oaep. see the complete code on github. ...
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Movement, orientation, and motion: A WebXR example - Web APIs
as well as to help ensure you understand the way the functions and data that are used during xr rendering work together. screenshot of this example in action the core of this example—the spinning, textured, lighted cube—is taken from our webgl tutorial series; namely, the penultimate article in the series, covering lighting in webgl. while reading this article and the accompanying source code, it's helpful to keep in mind that the display for a 3d headset is a single screen, divided in half. the left half of the screen is seen only by the left eye, while the right half is only seen by the right eye. rendering the scene for immersive presentation requires multiple renders of the scene—once from the perspective of each eye. when rendering the left eye, the xrwebgllayer has its viewpo...
...polyfill, we allow the example to work on many browsers that don't yet have webxr implementations in place, and we smooth out any transient deviations from the specification that occur during these still somewhat experimental days of the webxr specification. options this example has a number of options you can configure by adjusting the values of constants before you load it in the browser. ...
...${err}`); } } this takes as its only input a string, where, which is used to indicate what part of the program generated the error, since similar errors can have in multiple situations. the vertex and fragment shaders the vertex and fragment shaders are both exactly the same as those used in the example for our article lighting in webgl. refer to that if you're interested in the glsl source code for the basic shaders used here. suffice it to say that the vertex shader computes the position of each vertex given the initial positions of each vertex and the transforms that need to be applied to convert them to simulate the viewer's current position and orientation. the fragment shader returns the color of each vertex, interpolating as needed from the values found in the texture and applyin...
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Rendering and the WebXR frame animation callback - Web APIs
e representing the position and orientation of the viewer by creating an xrrigidtransform representing that position and orientation, then calling the xrreferencespace method getoffsetreferencespace(). then the first animation frame is scheduled by calling the xrsession method requestanimationframe(), providing a callback function, mydrawframe(), whose job is to render the frame. note that this code doesn't have a loop! instead, the frame rendering code—in this case, a function named mydrawframe()—is responsible for scheduling time to draw another frame by once again calling requestanimationframe(). refresh rate and frame rate assuming you've called the xrsession method requestanimationframe() since the last time the screen refreshed, the browser will call your frame renderer callback ...
...tually 120 hz, though, you can get by with just refreshing 60 times per second anyway, and targeting that is usually a good baseline to follow. 60 fps is already beyond the point at which most people can easily detect that the animation isn't simply a series of still images going by really fast. in other words, when in doubt, you can assume that the display is refreshing at 60 hz. as long as your code is written properly, everything will be fine. renderer performance concerns clearly, you have very little time to render your scene each frame. not only that, but if your renderer itself runs longer than that amount of time, you can cause not just the frame to get dropped, but that time to be wasted entirely, blocking other code from getting to run at all for that frame. not only that, but if ...
... tearing occurs when the the display hardware starts the next refresh cycle while the previous frame is still being drawn to the screen. as a result, you wind up with the visual effect of the top part of the screen showing the new frame, while the bottom part of the frame shows some combination of the previous frame and possibly even the frame before that one. your mission, then, is to keep your code tight and lightweight enough that you don't overrrun the time available to you or otherwise cause dropped frames or excessively abuse the main thread. for these reasons, unless your renderer is fairly small and lightweight, with little to do, you should consider offloading everything you can to a worker so you can be computing the next frame while the browser handles other things. by simply havi...
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Using CSS transforms - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
lements are, the smaller they are. setting perspective this example shows a cube with the perspective set at different positions. how quick the cube shrinks is defined by the perspective property. the smaller its value is, the deeper the perspective is. html the html below creates four copies of the same box, with the perspective set at different values. ...
...hey are. setting perspective this example shows a cube with the perspective set at different positions. how quick the cube shrinks is defined by the perspective property. the smaller its value is, the deeper the perspective is. html the html below creates four copies of the same box, with the perspective set at different values. ...
... this example shows a cube with the perspective set at different positions. how quick the cube shrinks is defined by the perspective property. the smaller its value is, the deeper the perspective is. html the html below creates four copies of the same box, with the perspective set at different values. ...
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Closures - JavaScript
a closure is the combination of a function bundled together (enclosed) with references to its surrounding state (the lexical environment). in other words, a closure gives you access to an outer function’s scope from an inner function. in javascript, closures are created every time a function is created, at function creation time. lexical scoping consider the following example code: function init() { var name = 'mozilla'; // name is a local variable created by init function displayname() { // displayname() is the inner function, a closure alert(name); // use variable declared in the parent function } displayname(); } init(); init() creates a local variable called name and a function called displayname(). the displayname() function is an inner function that is defined inside...
...displayname(). the displayname() function is an inner function that is defined inside init() and is available only within the body of the init() function. note that the displayname() function has no local variables of its own. however, since inner functions have access to the variables of outer functions, displayname() can access the variable name declared in the parent function, init(). run the code using this jsfiddle link and notice that the alert() statement within the displayname() function successfully displays the value of the name variable, which is declared in its parent function. this is an example of lexical scoping, which describes how a parser resolves variable names when functions are nested. the word lexical refers to the fact that lexical scoping uses the location where a vari...
...e that the alert() statement within the displayname() function successfully displays the value of the name variable, which is declared in its parent function. this is an example of lexical scoping, which describes how a parser resolves variable names when functions are nested. ...
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Compiling a New C/C++ Module to WebAssembly - WebAssembly
when you’ve written a new code module in a language like c/c++, you can compile it into webassembly using a tool like emscripten. let’s look at how it works. emscripten environment setup first, let's set up the required development environment. prerequisites get the emscripten sdk, using these instructions: https://emscripten.org/docs/getting_started/downloads.html compiling an example with the environment set up, let's look at how to use it to compile a c example to emscripten. there are a number of options available when compiling with emscripten, but the main two scenarios we'll cover are: compiling to wasm and creating html to run our code in, plus all the javascript "glue" code needed to run the wasm in the web environment. compiling to wasm and just creating the javascript...
... first we need an example to compile. ...
...e directory as your hello.c file, and run the following command: emcc hello.c -s wasm=1 -o hello.html the options we’ve passed in with the command are as follows: -s wasm=1 — specifies that we want wasm output. if we don’t specify this, emscripten will just output asm.js, as it does by default. ...
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Using the WebAssembly JavaScript API - WebAssembly
if you have already compiled a module from another language using tools like emscripten, or loaded and run the code yourself, the next step is to learn more about using the other features of the webassembly javascript api. this article teaches you what you’ll need to know. note: if you are unfamiliar with the basic concepts mentioned in this article and need more explanation, read webassembly concepts first, then come back. some simple examples let’s run through some examples that explain how to use the webassembly javascript api, and how to use it to load a wasm module in a web page. note: you can find the sample code in our webassembly-examples github repo. preparing the example first we need a wasm module! grab our simple.wasm file and save a copy in a new directory on your...
...c (export "exported_func") i32.const 42 call $i)) in the second line, you will see that the import has a two-level namespace — the internal function $i is imported from imports.imported_func. we need to reflect this two-level namespace in javascript when writing the object to be imported into the wasm module. create a <script></script> element in your html file, and add the following code to it: var importobject = { imports: { imported_func: arg => console.log(arg) } }; streaming the webassembly module new in firefox 58 is the ability to compile and instantiate webassembly modules directly from underlying sources. this is achieved using the webassembly.compilestreaming() and webassembly.instantiatestreaming() methods. these methods are easier than their non-streaming coun...
... { imported_func: arg => console.log(arg) } }; streaming the webassembly module new in firefox 58 is the ability to compile and instantiate webassembly modules directly from underlying sources. this is achieved using the webassembly.compilestreaming() and webassembly.instantiatestreaming() methods. these methods are easier than their non-streaming counterparts, because they can turn the byte code directly into module/instance instances, cutting out the need to separately put the response into an arraybuffer. this example (see our instantiate-streaming.html demo on github, and view it live also) shows how to use instantiatestreaming() to fetch a wasm module, import a javascript function into it, compile and instantiate it, and access its exported function — all in one step. add the fol...
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Browser Detection and Cross Browser Support - Archive of obsolete content
fuse simple tests. introduction in an ideal world, we could author html, xml, css and javascript and only worry about the w3c and ecma standards. however, we don't quite live in such a world yet. due to bugs, incomplete implementations of the standards and legacy browsers, web developers must be able to determine which browser a visitor is using and provide the appropriate content and scripting code path. although browser detection is perhaps the most common scripting task that every web developer faces, it seems that the variety of different strategies in use for detecting browsers is unlimited. as a member of the netscape evangelism team who has spent over a year investigating existing web content, i can say without a doubt that most compatibility problems found on the web today are due t...
...l 1.0 and rfc 2068 - hypertext transfer protocol 1.1). the most common approach at this time was to distinguish user agents by vendor and version using the reported user agent string. although this approach was considered reasonable at the time, this approach caused problems for browser vendors right from the beginning. the original netscape browsers used a user agent string which began with the code name for the netscape browser followed by its version number, e.g. mozilla/version followed by a comment token which gave additional information regarding the operating system being used, etc. since the earliest browser detection techniques were based upon looking for a netscape based browser and only provided customized content to browsers which used the mozilla/version user agent string, other ...
..., etc. since the earliest browser detection techniques were based upon looking for a netscape based browser and only provided customized content to browsers which used the mozilla/version user agent string, other browser vendors standardized on using mozilla/version to signal that they were compatible with a particular netscape version. since other browsers pretended to be netscape browsers and encoded their version information in a non-standard fashion in the user agent comment area, the task of determining which browser was being used became more complicated than it should have been. netscape navigator 2 introduced the ability to run javascript in web browsers. as browser evolution continued, differences in the implementation of scripting and the objects supported by browsers appeared. web ...
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Getting started with React - Learn web development
om are often discussed in the same spaces as — and utilized to solve the same problems as — other true web development frameworks. when we refer to react as a "framework", we’re working with that colloquial understanding. react's primary goal is to minimize the bugs that occur when developers are building uis. it does this through the use of components — self-contained, logical pieces of code that describe a portion of the user interface. these components can be composed together to create a full ui, and react abstracts away much of the rendering work, leaving you to concentrate on the ui design. use cases unlike the other frameworks covered in this module, react does not enforce strict rules around code conventions or file organization. this allows teams to set conventions that wor...
... for small pieces of an interface, it's not as easy to "drop into" an application as a library like jquery, or even a framework like vue — it is more approachable when you build your entire app with react. in addition, many of the developer-experience benefits of a react app, such as writing interfaces with jsx, require a compilation process. adding a compiler like babel to a website makes the code on it run slowly, so developers often set up such tooling with a build step. react arguably has a heavy tooling requirement, but it can be learned. this article is going to focus on the use case of using react to render the entire user interface of an application, using tooling provided by facebook’s own create-react-app tool. how does react use javascript? react utilizes features of modern ...
...cle is going to focus on the use case of using react to render the entire user interface of an application, using tooling provided by facebook’s own create-react-app tool. how does react use javascript? react utilizes features of modern javascript for many of its patterns. its biggest departure from javascript comes with the use of jsx syntax. jsx extends javascript's syntax so that html-like code can live alongside it. for example: const heading = <h1>mozilla developer network</h1>; this heading constant is known as a jsx expression. react can use it to render that <h1> tag in our app. suppose we wanted to wrap our heading in a <header> tag, for semantic reasons? the jsx approach allows us to nest our elements within each other, just like we do with html: const header = ( <header> ...
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Eclipse CDT
therefore, it is not recommended for use if your machine only has 4 gb of ram. installing eclipse regarding llvm4eclipsecdt, do not install or select this toolchain for mozilla development. ...
...therefore, it is not recommended for use if your machine only has 4 gb of ram. installing eclipse regarding llvm4eclipsecdt, do not install or select this toolchain for mozilla development. ...
... can increase eclipse's memory limits using the eclipse.ini that lives alongside the eclipse binary. set an initial heap space of 1 gb and max heap space of 5 gb, say, by modifying the values of the following two lines in eclipse.ini: -xms1g -xmx5g if you fail to increase these limits, then you will likely find that eclipse either hangs when it tries to index the mozilla source or else that the code intelligence is very broken after the indexing "completes". express setup for the eclipse indexer to work well you must first build mozilla, so that it includes headers from the objdir etc. these can be found and processed by eclipse. note: your moz_objdir must be outside the mozilla source directory. once your build is complete, mach can then generate a useful eclipse project on your behal...
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IPDL Tutorial
all messages for multi-process plugins and tabs in firefox are declared in the ipdl language. to experiment with adding a new ipdl protocol, see creating a new protocol. all ipdl messages are sent between parent and a child end points, called actors. an ipdl protocol declares how actors communicate: it declares the possible messages that may be sent between actors, as well as a state machine describing when messages are allowed to be sent. ...
...ed to be sent. the parent actor is typically the more permanent side of the conversation: parent/child actors parent child ipc tabs chrome process content process ipc plugins content process plugin process each protocol is declared in a separate file. the ipdl compiler generates several c++ headers from each ipdl protocol. ...
...t process plugin process each protocol is declared in a separate file. the ipdl compiler generates several c++ headers from each ipdl protocol. this generated code manages the details of the underlying communication layer (sockets and pipes), constructing and sending messages, ensuring that all actors adhere to their specifications, and handling many error conditions. the following ipdl code defines a very basic interaction of browser and plugin actors: async protocol pplugin { child: async init(nscstring pluginpath); async shutdown(); parent: async ready(); }; this code declares the pplugin protocol. two messages can be sent from the parent to the child, init() and shutdown(). one message can be sent from the child to the parent, ready(). ipdl protocols start with the let...
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Utility functions
the public functions listed here perform initialization tasks and other services. if documentation is available for a function listed below, the function name is linked to either its mdc wiki page or its entry in the old ssl reference. the mozilla cross reference (mxr) link for each function provides access to the function definition, prototype definition, and source code references. ...
...nction listed below, the function name is linked to either its mdc wiki page or its entry in the old ssl reference. the mozilla cross reference (mxr) link for each function provides access to the function definition, prototype definition, and source code references. the nss version column indicates which versions of nss support the function. ...
... reference. the mozilla cross reference (mxr) link for each function provides access to the function definition, prototype definition, and source code references. the nss version column indicates which versions of nss support the function. ...
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Introduction to the JavaScript shell
to get the spidermonkey javascript shell, see the spidermonkey build documentation or download a compiled binary for your platform from the nightly builds. ...
...hells. note: starting with spidermonkey 44 (firefox 44 / thunderbird 44 / seamonkey 2.41), the standard, web-compatible javascript version is used by default (and not js1.7+ anymore). the version() shell builtin is still there for testing legacy features. running the javascript shell the shell offers two modes of operation. you can use it as an interactive shell, in which you type javascript code at a prompt and get instant gratification, which is handy for experimenting or testing new features. you can also pass in, on the command line, a javascript program file to run, in which case the program is run automatically. after following the build documentation and installing the built shell using make install, you can run the shell in interactive mode using the command: js [ if you get "...
...mentation and installing the built shell using make install, you can run the shell in interactive mode using the command: js [ if you get " symbol lookup error: ./js: undefined symbol: pr_setcurrentthreadname" e.g. from a bash console when using a pre-compiled binary, try <path to your firefox's run-mozilla.sh>/run-mozilla.sh ./js -- that worked for me] if you'd like to run the javascript code in the file foo.js, you can use this command: js foo.js to run foo.js then drop into the interactive shell, do this: js -f foo.js -i reference note: because the javascript shell is used as a test environment for the javascript engine, the available options and built-in functions can change over time. command line options there are a number of command line options you can specify to contr...
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JS::CompileOptions
ntents. to counter this attack, html5 specifies that script errors should be sanitized ("muted") when the script is not same-origin with the global for which it is loaded. callers should set this flag for cross-origin scripts, and it will be propagated appropriately to child scripts and passed back in jserrorreports. const char *filename() const returns filename of the source code. ...
...source belongs to a dom element in the following cases: source belongs to a <script> element if it is the element's text content (that is, it is written out as the body of the <script> element in the markup text), or is the source document referenced by its src attribute. ...
...onst char *intro, unsigned line, jsscript *script, uint32_t offset) compileoptions &maybemakestrictmode(bool strict) properties properties of js::readonlycompileoptions name type description version jsversion version of the script. versionset bool true if version is set. ...
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nsIWebBrowserPersist
ks 4096 fail on broken in-line links. persist_flags_cleanup_on_failure 8192 automatically cleanup after a failed or cancelled operation, deleting all created files and directories. this flag does nothing for failed upload operations to remote servers. persist_flags_autodetect_apply_conversion 16384 let the webbrowserpersist decide whether the incoming data is encoded and whether it needs to go through a content converter, for example to decompress it. persist_flags_append_to_file 32768 append the downloaded data to the target file. this can only be used when persisting to a local file. persist_flags_force_allow_cookies 65536 force relevant cookies to be sent with this load even if normally they wouldn't be. persist_s...
...used when persisting to a local file. persist_flags_force_allow_cookies 65536 force relevant cookies to be sent with this load even if normally they wouldn't be. persist_state_ready 1 persister is ready to save data. persist_state_saving 2 persister is saving data. persist_state_finished 3 persister has finished saving data. ...
...ies to be sent with this load even if normally they wouldn't be. persist_state_ready 1 persister is ready to save data. persist_state_saving 2 persister is saving data. persist_state_finished 3 persister has finished saving data. encode_flags_selection_only 1 output only the current selection as opposed to the whole document. encode_flags_formatted 2 for plain text output. convert html to plain text that looks like the html. implies wrap (except inside <pre>), since html wraps. html output: always do prettyprinting, ignoring existing formatting. encode_flags_raw 4 output without formatting or wrapping the content. this flag may be used to preserve the original formatting as much as possible. enc...
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In depth: Microtasks and the JavaScript runtime environment - Web APIs
g of tasks and microtasks, there are things about how the javascript runtime operates under the hood that may be useful to understand. that's what this section covers introduction javascript is an inherently single-threaded language. it was designed in an era in which this was a positive choice; there were few multi-processor computers available to the general public, and the expected amount of code that would be handled by javascript was relatively low at that time. as time passed, of course, we know that computers have evolved into powerful multi-core systems, and javascript has become one of the most prolifically-used languages in the computing world. a vast number of the most popular applications are based at least in part on javascript code. to support this, it was necessary to find wa...
...s as part of the web api (settimeout() and setinterval()), the javascript environment provided by web browsers has gradually advanced to include powerful features that enable scheduling of tasks, multi-threaded application development, and so forth. to understand where queuemicrotask() comes into play here, it's helpful to understand how the javascript runtime operates when scheduling and running code. javascript execution contexts note: the details here are generally not important to most javascript programmers. this information is provided as a basis for why microtasks are useful and how they function; if you don't care, you can skip this and come back later if you find that you need to. when a fragment of javascript code runs, it runs inside an execution context. there are three types ...
...javascript execution contexts note: the details here are generally not important to most javascript programmers. this information is provided as a basis for why microtasks are useful and how they function; if you don't care, you can skip this and come back later if you find that you need to. when a fragment of javascript code runs, it runs inside an execution context. there are three types of code that create a new execution context: the global context is the execution context created to run the main body of your code; that is, any code that exists outside of a javascript function. each function is run within its own execution context. this is frequently referred to as a "local context." using the ill-advised eval() function also creates a new execution context. each context is, in ...
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Using Web Workers - Web APIs
web workers are a simple means for web content to run scripts in background threads. the worker thread can perform tasks without interfering with the user interface. in addition, they can perform i/o using xmlhttprequest (although the responsexml and channel attributes are always null). once created, a worker can send messages to the javascript code that created it by posting messages to an event handler specified by that code (and vice versa). this article provides a detailed introduction to using web workers. web workers api a worker is an object created using a constructor (e.g. worker()) that runs a named javascript file — this file contains the code that will run in the worker thread; workers run in another global context that is different from the current window. thus, using the win...
...the case of dedicated workers (standard workers that are utilized by a single script; shared workers use sharedworkerglobalscope). a dedicated worker is only accessible from the script that first spawned it, whereas shared workers can be accessed from multiple scripts. note: see the web workers api landing page for reference documentation on workers and additional guides. you can run whatever code you like inside the worker thread, with some exceptions. for example, you can't directly manipulate the dom from inside a worker, or use some default methods and properties of the window object. but you can use a large number of items available under window, including websockets, and data storage mechanisms like indexeddb. see functions and classes available to workers for more details. data is ...
...er, multiplied together, and the result is returned to the page and displayed. this example is rather trivial, but we decided to keep it simple while introducing you to basic worker concepts. more advanced details are covered later on in the article. worker feature detection for slightly more controlled error handling and backwards compatibility, it is a good idea to wrap your worker accessing code in the following (main.js): if (window.worker) { ... } spawning a dedicated worker creating a new worker is simple. all you need to do is call the worker() constructor, specifying the uri of a script to execute in the worker thread (main.js): var myworker = new worker('worker.js'); sending messages to and from a dedicated worker the magic of workers happens via the postmessage() meth...
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WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.btoa() - Web APIs
the windoworworkerglobalscope.btoa() method creates a base64-encoded ascii string from a binary string (i.e., a string object in which each character in the string is treated as a byte of binary data). you can use this method to encode data which may otherwise cause communication problems, transmit it, then use the atob() method to decode the data again. for example, you can encode control characters such as ascii values 0 through 31. syntax var encodeddata = scope.btoa(stringtoencode); parameters stringtoencode the binary string to encode. return value an ascii string containing the base64 representation of stringtoencode. exceptions invalidcharactererror the string contained a character that did not fit in a single byte. see "unicode strings" below for more detail. example...
...ascii values 0 through 31. syntax var encodeddata = scope.btoa(stringtoencode); parameters stringtoencode the binary string to encode. return value an ascii string containing the base64 representation of stringtoencode. exceptions invalidcharactererror the string contained a character that did not fit in a single byte. see "unicode strings" below for more detail. example const encodeddata = window.btoa('hello, world'); // encode a string const decodeddata = window.atob(encodeddata); // decode the string unicode strings the btoa() function takes a javascript string as a parameter. in javascript strings are represented using the utf-16 character encoding: in this encoding, strings are represented as a sequence of 16-bit (2 byte) units. every ascii character fits into the fir...
...e of one of these units, but many other characters don't. base64, by design, expects binary data as its input. in terms of javascript strings, this means strings in which each character occupies only one byte. ...
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Setting up adaptive streaming media sources - Developer guides
ost modern browsers. mpeg-dash hls (http live streaming) in order to adaptively stream media we need to split the media up into chunks. we are required to provide several different quality files split up over several time points. the more qualities and time points there are, the more 'adaptive' your stream will be, but we will usually want to find a pragmatic balance between size, time to encode and adaptiveness. the good news is that once we have encoded our media in the appropriate format we are pretty good to go. for adaptive streaming over http, no special server-side components are required. both mpeg-dash and hls use a playlist format to structure the component piece of media that make the possible streams. various bitrate streams are broken into segments and placed in appropriat...
...s. a media presentation description (mpd) file is used to hold the information on the various streams and the bandwidths they are associated with. in your video source (src) attribute you point to the mpd instead of to the media file as you would with non-adaptive media. the mpd file tells the browser where the various pieces of media are located, it also includes meta data such as mimetype and codecs and there are other details such as byte-ranges in there too - it is an xml document and in many cases will be generated for you. there are a few profiles we can use. we're going to take a look at ondemand profile for video on demand (vod) and the live profile. for live services streaming, the live profile is a requirement. the stream switching capabilities are identical between the profiles.
...w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns="urn:mpeg:dash:schema:mpd:2011" xsi:schemalocation="urn:mpeg:dash:schema:mpd:2011 dash-mpd.xsd" type="static" mediapresentationduration="pt654s" minbuffertime="pt2s" profiles="urn:mpeg:dash:profile:isoff-on-demand:2011"> <baseurl>http://example.com/ondemand/</baseurl> <period> <!-- english audio --> <adaptationset mimetype="audio/mp4" codecs="mp4a.40.5" lang="en" subsegmentalignment="true" subsegmentstartswithsap="1"> <representation id="1" bandwidth="64000"> <baseurl>elephantsdream_aac48k_064.mp4.dash</baseurl> </representation> </adaptationset> <!-- video --> <adaptationset mimetype="video/mp4" codecs="avc1.42401e" subsegmentalignment="true" subsegmentstartswithsap="1"> <representation id="2"...
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Appendix C: Avoiding using eval in Add-ons - Archive of obsolete content
using eval in add-ons is almost always unnecessary, and many times even a security vulnerability. moreover, code using eval is harder to parse for a human mind, is often pretty complex, and relies on assumptions that are not necessarily true in the future or even now. this article is aimed at presenting alternatives to common eval uses in add-ons and other javascript code. add-on authors are strongly encouraged to update their code to eliminate all instances of eval, no matter if the add-on is to be hosted in the mozilla add-ons gallery or not. in order to host your add-on with mozilla it is crucial to minimize or completely eliminate eval use in order to receive a positive review and have your add-on made public. if it cannot be easily proven that an eval() call is benign and necessary be...
...because there are no viable alternatives, a mozilla add-ons gallery reviewer will generally reject the submission! parsing json mozilla provides native json support since firefox 3. there is simply no need to parse json using eval. additionally, parsing json retrieved from a remote location becomes a security vulnerability when parsed with the eval function. basically, you are executing remote code with full chrome access; that is, introducing a remote code execution vulnerability. even if you trust the remote server; for example, because it is one you rent and administer yourself, there is a huge security risk, because of, but not limited to: you might discontinue your project or sell it, so that it is possible another person with malicious intentions takes over your domain. the server...
... you rent and administer yourself, there is a huge security risk, because of, but not limited to: you might discontinue your project or sell it, so that it is possible another person with malicious intentions takes over your domain. the server and/or domain name might be compromised. if using an unencrypted, insecure connection, a man-in-the-middle attacker might replace the json with attack code before it arrives at the user. use native json since firefox 3.5 you should use json. really, just use it! note: do not use json parsers implemented in javascript. these implementations are less efficient and often also contain serious security vulnerabilities. such implementations are meant to be used within a very different security context, namely a website, where the origin of the data is...
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Inner-browsing extending the browser navigation paradigm - Archive of obsolete content
rowsing, a simple request to retrieve the next set of message headers that replace the currently viewed message headers can dramatically improve user experience. implementing inner-browsing on top of html pages modern browsers have good support for the w3c dom and javascript allowing fine-grained control over page content. instead of forcing the reader to follow links to new pages, the javascript code can act as the mediator for information access. if the user clicks on a link item, the script will be responsible to load the information from the data source and to apply that into the current document. there are basically two steps in this process: data load: acquisition of information data acquisition can be implemented using javascript and remote procedure calls using soap-based rpc mechanism...
...sts retrieving different contents at the same time. example using iframes and javascript: stock ticker this section describes a stock ticker application based on the inner-browsing model. the stock ticker is a web page with a stock ticker element that displays updated stock symbol information. the web page receives updates to its contents but only redraws the stock ticker element information. the code includes the dhtml element. we've separated this sample in two main components following the model. the data loader module and the data binder module. the data loader module is responsible for the requests and retrieves the stock data information from the web. it also sends an event to the data binder module. the data binder module is responsible for the binding of the data with the html interfac...
... components following the model. the data loader module and the data binder module. the data loader module is responsible for the requests and retrieves the stock data information from the web. it also sends an event to the data binder module. the data binder module is responsible for the binding of the data with the html interface. in addition to these components, you will also find the piece of code that is responsible for the dhtml ticker. note that the ticker is a completely separated component. the data binder will put the content in the proper place, so the existing dhtml ticker application is able to handle it. special markup to support the model it's important to add special markup that fulfills the requirements of the application. this example uses an iframe element as the mechanism t...
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Nanojit - Archive of obsolete content
overview nanojit is a small, cross-platform c++ library that emits machine code. both the tamarin jit and the spidermonkey jit (a.k.a. tracemonkey) use nanojit as their back end. you can get nanojit by cloning the tamarin-redux mercurial repository at http://hg.mozilla.org/tamarin-redux. it's in the nanojit directory. the input for nanojit is a stream of nanojit lir instructions. the term lir is compiler jargon for a language used internally in a compiler that is usually cross-platform but very close to machine language. it is an acronym for "low-level intermediate representation". a compiler's lir is typically one of several partly-compiled representations of a program that a compiler produces on the way from raw source code to machine code. an application using nanojit creates a ...
... lirwriter objects, all of which implement the same interface as lirbufwriter. this chain of lirwriter objects forms a pipeline for the instructions to pass through. each lirwriter can perform an optimization or other task on the program as it passes through the system and into the lirbuffer. once the instructions are in the lirbuffer, the application calls nanojit::compile() to produce machine code, which is stored in a nanojit::fragment. internally to nanojit, another set of filters operates on the lir as it passes from the lirbuffer toward the assembler. the result of compilation is a function that the application can call from c via a pointer to the first instruction. example the following code works with spidermonkey's hacked version of nanojit. figuring out how to compile it is left...
...e "jsapi.h" #include "jstracer.h" #include "nanojit.h" using namespace nanojit; const uint32_t cache_size_log2 = 20; static avmplus::gc gc = avmplus::gc(); static avmplus::avmcore core = avmplus::avmcore(); int main() { logcontrol lc; #ifdef debug lc.lcbits = lc_readlir | lc_assembly; #else lc.lcbits = 0; #endif // set up the basic nanojit objects. ...
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Building up a basic demo with Babylon.js - Game development
babylon.js is one of the most popular 3d game engines used by developers. as with any other 3d library it provides built-in functions to help you implement common 3d functionality more quickly. in this article we'll take you through the real basics of using babylon.js, including setting up a development environment, structuring the necessary html, and writing the javascript code. we will try to create a simple demo first — a cube rendered on the screen. if you have already worked through our building up a basic demo series with three.js, playcanvas or a-frame (or you are familiar with other 3d libraries) you'll notice that babylon.js works on similar concepts: camera, light and objects. environment setup to start developing with babylon.js, you don't need much. you should start of...
...there is on...
...s"); /* all our javascript code goes here */ </script> </body> </html> it contains some basic information like the document <title>, and some css to set the width and height of the <canvas> element (which babylon.js will use to render the content on) to fill the entire available viewport space. the first <script> element includes the babylon.js library in the page; we will write our example code in the second one. there is one helper variable already included, which will store a reference to the <canvas> element. before reading on, copy this code to a new text file and save it in your working directory as index.html. initialising the babylon.js engine we have to create a babylon.js engine instance first (passing it the <canvas> element to render on) before we start developing our game...
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GLSL Shaders - Game development
ex shaders and fragment (pixel) shaders. vertex shaders transform shape positions into 3d drawing coordinates. fragment shaders compute the renderings of a shape's colors and other attributes. glsl is not as intuitive as javascript. glsl is strongly typed and there is a lot of math involving vectors and matrices. it can get very complicated — very quickly. in this article we will make a simple code example that renders a cube. to speed up the background code we will be using the three.js api. as you may remember from the basic theory article, a vertex is a point in a 3d coordinate system. vertices may, and usually do, have additional properties. the 3d coordinate system defines space and the vertices help define shapes in that space. shader types a shader is essentially a function requir...
...e and the vertices help define shapes in that space. shader types a shader is essentially a function required to draw something on the screen. shaders run on a gpu (graphics processing unit), which is optimized for such operations. using a gpu to deal with shaders offloads some of the number crunching from the cpu. this allows the cpu to focus its processing power on other tasks, like executing code. vertex shaders vertex shaders manipulate coordinates in a 3d space and are called once per vertex. the purpose of the vertex shader is to set up the gl_position variable — this is a special, global, and built-in glsl variable. gl_position is used to store the position of the current vertex. the void main() function is a standard way of defining the gl_position variable. everything inside v...
...on about the rgba color. demo let's build a simple demo to explain those shaders in action. be sure to read three.js tutorial first to grasp the concept of the scene, its objects, and materials. note: remember that you don't have to use three.js or any other library to write your shaders — pure webgl (web graphics library) is more than enough. we've used three.js here to make the background code a lot simpler and clearer to understand, so you can just focus on the shader code. three.js and other 3d libraries abstract a lot of things for you — if you wanted to create such an example in raw webgl, you'd have to write a lot of extra code to actually make it work. environment setup to start with the webgl shaders you don't need much. you should: make sure you are using a modern brows...
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Client-side form validation - Learn web development
t types of client-side validation that you'll encounter on the web: built-in form validation uses html5 form validation features, which we've discussed in many places throughout this module. this validation generally doesn't require much javascript. built-in form validation has better performance than javascript, but it is not as customizable as javascript validation. javascript validation is coded using javascript. this validation is completely customizable, but you need to create it all (or use a library). using built-in form validation one of the most significant features of html5 form controls is the ability to validate most user data without relying on javascript. this is done by using validation attributes on form elements. we've seen many of these earlier in the course, but to re...
...mismatch, valuemissing, or a customerror. built-in form validation examples in this section, we'll test out some of the attributes that we discussed above. simple start file let's start with a simple example: an input that allows you to choose whether you prefer a banana or a cherry. this example involves a simple text <input> with an associated <label> and a submit <button>. find the source code on github at fruit-start.html and a live example below. <form> <label for="choose">would you prefer a banana or cherry?</label> <input id="choose" name="i_like"> <button>submit</button> </form> input:invalid { border: 2px dashed red; } input:valid { border: 2px solid black; } to begin, make a copy of fruit-start.html in a new directory on your hard drive. the required attribute ...
...ghtgreen); } input:valid { border: 2px solid black; } this css causes the input to have a red dashed border when it is invalid and a more subtle solid black border when valid. we also added a background gradient when the input is required and invalid. try out the new behavior in the example below: note: you can find this example live on github as fruit-validation.html (see also the source code.) try submitting the form without a value. note how the invalid input gets focus, a default error message ("please fill out this field") appears, and the form is prevented from being sent. the presence of the required attribute on any element that supports this attribute means the element matches the :required pseudoclass whether it has a value or not. if the <input> has no value, the input wi...
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Sending forms through JavaScript - Learn web development
h stands for "asynchronous javascript and xml". how is it different? the xmlhttprequest (xhr) dom object can build http requests, send them, and retrieve their results. historically, xmlhttprequest was designed to fetch and send xml as an exchange format, which has since been superceded by json. but neither xml nor json fit into form data request encoding. form data (application/x-www-form-urlencoded) is made of url-encoded lists of key/value pairs. for transmitting binary data, the http request is reshaped into multipart/form-data. note: the fetch api is often used in place of xhr these days — it is a modern, updated version of xhr, which works in a similar fashion but has some advantages. most of the xhr code you'll see in this article could be swapped out for fetch. if you control t...
... but if you want to use a third party service, you need to send the data in the format the services require. so how should we send such data? the different techniques you'll require are done below. ...
...ata, the http request is reshaped into multipart/form-data. note: the fetch api is often used in place of xhr these days — it is a modern, updated version of xhr, which works in a similar fashion but has some advantages. most of the xhr code you'll see in this article could be swapped out for fetch. if you control the front-end (the code that's executed in the browser) and the back-end (the code which is executed on the server), you can send json/xml and process them however you want. but if you want to use a third party service, you need to send the data in the format the services require. so how should we send such data? the different techniques you'll require are done below. sending form data there are 3 ways to send form data: building an xmlhttprequest manually. using a stan...
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Fetching data from the server - Learn web development
e a long time. to begin this example, make a local copy of ajax-start.html and the four text files — verse1.txt, verse2.txt, verse3.txt, and verse4.txt — in a new directory on your computer. in this example, we will load a different verse of the poem (which you may well recognize) via xhr when it's selected in the drop-down menu. just inside the <script> element, add the following code. this stores a reference to the <select> and <pre> elements in constants and defines an onchange event handler function so that when the select's value is changed, its value is passed to an invoked function updatedisplay() as a parameter. const versechoose = document.queryselector('select'); const poemdisplay = document.queryselector('pre'); versechoose.onchange = function() { const verse =...
...ue is changed, its value is passed to an invoked function updatedisplay() as a parameter. const versechoose = document.queryselector('select'); const poemdisplay = document.queryselector('pre'); versechoose.onchange = function() { const verse = versechoose.value; updatedisplay(verse); }; let's define our updatedisplay() function. first of all, put the following beneath your previous code block — this is the empty shell of the function. note: steps 4 - 9 will all be performed within this function. function updatedisplay(verse) { } we'll start our function by constructing a relative url pointing to the text file we want to load, as we'll need it later. the value of the <select> element at any time is the same as the text inside the selected <option> (unless you specify ...
... it to, which is done using the send() method. add the following below your previous addition to complete the function. this line should rest just above the closing curly brace of your updatedisplay() function. request.send(); one problem with the example as it stands is that it won't show any of the poem when it first loads. to fix this, add the following two lines at the bottom of your code (just above the closing </script> tag) to load verse 1 by default, and make sure the <select> element always shows the correct value: updatedisplay('verse 1'); versechoose.value = 'verse 1'; serving your example from a server modern browsers will not run xhr requests if you just run the example from a local file. this is because of security restrictions (for more on web security, read web...
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Introduction to web APIs - Learn web development
overview: client-side web apis next first up, we'll start by looking at apis from a high level — what are they, how do they work, how to use them in your code, and how are they structured? ...
...how are they structured? we'll also take a look at what the different main classes of apis are, and what kind of uses they have. prerequisites: basic computer literacy, a basic understanding of html and css, javascript basics (see first steps, building blocks, javascript objects). objective: to gain familiarity with apis, what they can do, and how you can use them in your code. what are apis? application programming interfaces (apis) are constructs made available in programming languages to allow developers to create complex functionality more easily. they abstract more complex code away from you, providing some easier syntax to use in its place. as a real-world example, think about the electricity supply in your house, apartment, or other dwellings. if you wa...
...would be really inefficient and, if you are not an electrician, difficult and dangerous to attempt. image source: overloaded plug socket by the clear communication people, on flickr. in the same way, if you want to say, program some 3d graphics, it is a lot easier to do it using an api written in a higher-level language such as javascript or python, rather than try to directly write low level code (say c or c++) that directly controls the computer's gpu or other graphics functions. note: see also the api glossary entry for further description. apis in client-side javascript client-side javascript, in particular, has many apis available to it — these are not part of the javascript language itself, rather they are built on top of the core javascript language, providing you with extra ...
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Advanced Svelte: Reactivity, lifecycle, accessibility - Learn web development
hods and variables. the following new components will be developed throughout the course of this article: moreactions: displays the check all and remove completed buttons, and emits the corresponding events required to handle their functionality. newtodo: displays the <input> field and add button for adding a new todo. todosstatus: displays the "x out of y items completed" status heading. ...
...e github repo (if you haven't already done it) with: git clone https://github.com/opensas/mdn-svelte-tutorial.git then to get to the current app state, run cd mdn-svelte-tutorial/05-advanced-concepts or directly download the folder's content: npx degit opensas/mdn-svelte-tutorial/05-advanced-concepts remember to run npm install && npm run dev to start your app in development mode. repl to code along with us using the repl, start at https://svelte.dev/repl/76cc90c43a37452e8c7f70521f88b698?version=3.23.2 working on the moreactions component now we'll tackle the check all and remove completed buttons. let's create a component that will be in charge of displaying the buttons and emitting the corresponding events. create a new file — components/moreactions.svelte. when the ...
...ynced with the "real" dom. this is much faster than directly updating the dom and allows the framework to apply many optimization techniques. these frameworks, by default, basically re-run all our javascript on every change against this virtual dom, and apply different methods to cache expensive calculations and optimize execution. they make little to no attempt to understand what our javascript code is doing. svelte doesn't use a virtual dom representation. instead, it parses and analyzes our code, creates a dependency tree, and then generates the required javascript to update only the parts of the dom that need to be updated. this approach usually generates optimal javascript code with minimal overhead, but it also has its limitations. sometimes svelte cannot detect changes to variables b...
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Obsolete Build Caveats and Tips
these tips, while helpful, are jarring and superfluous to the majority of new mozilla builders who are mainly interested in building the latest version of firefox. therefore, instead of deleting all these nuggets of information, it's best to collect them all here and remove them from the majority happy path documentation. each piece of information should mention the page and the section it originally came from. ...
... this note below seems redundant as this is true by default https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dh8che7s%28v=vs.110%29.aspx note: starting with gecko 7.0, you should no longer include "-zc:wchar_t-" in the command line when...
...2008 pro or express with sp1 (free) (warning ! from firefox 10, the compilator is visual studio 2010; if you want to use it, you must use a previous version of it !), or 2005 professional from build_instructions those who need to work with the code for firefox 3/mozilla 1.9 and earlier can check out the latest source using cvs. in reality, you should probably not need to do this, since that code is very obsolete. this note below seems redundant as this is true by default https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dh8che7s%28v=vs.110%29.aspx note: starting with gecko 7.0, you should no longer include "-zc:wchar_t-" in the command line when building on windows. if you're using visual studio, go to project properties > c/c++ > language > treat wchar_t as built-in type and set it to "yes".
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nsIDocShell
obsolete since gecko 1.8 nsisimpleenumerator getdocshellenumerator(in long aitemtype, in long adirection); nsidomstorage getsessionstorageforprincipal(in nsiprincipal principal, in domstring documenturi, in boolean create); nsidomstorage getsessionstorageforuri(in nsiuri uri, in domstring documenturi); ...
...er, in boolean top); void createaboutblankcontentviewer(in nsiprincipal aprincipal); void createloadinfo(out nsidocshellloadinfo loadinfo); void detacheditorfromwindow(); violates the xpcom interface guidelines void finishrestore(); void firepagehidenotification(in boolean isunload); native code only! void fireunloadnotification(); native code only! obsolete since gecko 1.8 nsisimpleenumerator getdocshellenumerator(in long aitemtype, in long adirection); nsidomstorage getsessionstorageforprincipal(in nsiprincipal principal, in domstring documenturi, in boolean create); nsidomstorage getsessionstorageforuri(in nsiuri uri, in domstring documenturi); void historypurged(in long numentries); v...
... void preparefornewcontentmodel...
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Add to iPhoto
o "add image to iphoto". choose it, and iphoto will start up (if it's not already running) and import the image. declaring the apis the first thing we have to do is declare the mac os x apis we'll be using. this extension uses a number of methods and data types, as well as constants, from three system frameworks. ...
...) and import the image. declaring the apis the first thing we have to do is declare the mac os x apis we'll be using. this extension uses a number of methods and data types, as well as constants, from three system frameworks. since a lot of this stuff is repetitive, we'll only look at selected parts of the code to get an idea how things work. you can download the extension and poke through the code inside it if you'd like to see all of it. for the sake of organization, i chose to implement each system framework (and, mind you, i only declare the apis i actually use, not all of them) as a javascript object containing all the types and methods that framework's api. note: in a few cases, this code takes the easy way out by using ctypes.voidptr_t instead of a typed pointer. that's not really ...
...s the easy way out by using ctypes.voidptr_t instead of a typed pointer. that's not really the ideal way to do things but saved some time for this simple example. some of this may change as i refine the example in the future; i'll update the article if and when that happens. some global types there are a few global data types used by all of our frameworks. these are declared near the top of the code: const osstatus = ctypes.int32_t; const cfindex = ctypes.long; const optionbits = ctypes.uint32_t; osstatus used to represent the status code resulting from an operation. cfindex a core foundation long integer type used to represent indexes into lists. i debated including this in the corefoundation object, and probably would have if i were being more formal, but opted against it for clari...
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Using microtasks in JavaScript with queueMicrotask() - Web APIs
ugh the windoworworkerglobalscope mixin. tasks vs microtasks to properly discuss microtasks, it's first useful to know what a javascript task is and how microtasks differ from tasks. this is a quick, simplified explanation, but if you would like more details, you can read the information in the article in depth: microtasks and the javascript runtime environment. tasks a task is any javascript code which is scheduled to be run by the standard mechanisms such as initially starting to run a program, an event callback being run, or an interval or timeout being fired. these all get scheduled on the task queue. tasks get added to the task queue when: a new javascript program or subprogram is executed (such as from a console, or by running the code in a <script> element) directly. an event f...
...only tasks which were already in the task queue when the event loop pass began will be executed during the current iteration. the rest will have to wait until the following iteration. ...
...de handles these tasks one after another, in the order in which they were enqueued. only tasks which were already in the task queue when the event loop pass began will be executed during the current iteration. the rest will have to wait until the following iteration. microtasks at first the difference between microtasks and tasks seems minor. and they are similar; both are made up of javascript code which gets placed on a queue and run at an appropriate time. however, whereas the event loop runs only the tasks present on the queue when the iteration began, one after another, it handles the microtask queue very differently. there are two key differences. first, each time a task exits, the event loop checks to see if the task is returning control to other javascript code. if not, it runs all...
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Using Service Workers - Web APIs
rience even when offline, before then getting more data from the network (commonly known as offline first). this is already available with native apps, which is one of the main reasons native apps are often chosen over web apps. setting up to play with service workers many service workers features are now enabled by default in newer versions of supporting browsers. if however you find that demo code is not working in your installed versions, you might need to enable a pref: firefox nightly: go to about:config and set dom.serviceworkers.enabled to true; restart browser. chrome canary: go to chrome://flags and turn on experimental-web-platform-features; restart browser (note that some features are now enabled by default in chrome.) opera: go to opera://flags and enable support for service...
...abled to true; restart browser. chrome canary: go to chrome://flags and turn on experimental-web-platform-features; restart browser (note that some features are now enabled by default in chrome.) opera: go to opera://flags and enable support for serviceworker; restart browser. microsoft edge: go to about:flags and tick enable service workers; restart browser. you’ll also need to serve your code via https — service workers are restricted to running across https for security reasons. github is therefore a good place to host experiments, as it supports https. in order to facilitate local development, localhost is considered a secure origin by browsers as well. basic architecture with service workers, the following steps are generally observed for basic set up: the service worker url...
...pare a traditional synchronous callback structure to its asynchronous promise equivalent. sync try { const value = myfunction(); console.log(value); } catch(err) { console.log(err); } async myfunction().then((value) => { console.log(value); }).catch((err) => { console.log(err); }); in the first example, we have to wait for myfunction() to run and return value before any more of the code can execute. in the second example, myfunction() returns a promise for value, then the rest of the code can carry on running. when the promise resolves, the code inside then will be run, asynchronously. now for a real example — what if we wanted to load images dynamically, but we wanted to make sure the images were loaded before we tried to display them? this is a standard thing to want to d...
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SubtleCrypto.verify() - Web APIs
ntered: invalidaccesserror raised when the encryption key is not a key for the requested verifying algorithm or when trying to use an algorithm that is either unknown or isn't suitable for a verify operation. supported algorithms the verify() method supports the same algorithms as the sign() method. examples note: you can try the working examples out on github. ...
...s not a key for the requested verifying algorithm or when trying to use an algorithm that is either unknown or isn't suitable for a verify operation. supported algorithms the verify() method supports the same algorithms as the sign() method. examples note: you can try the working examples out on github. rsassa-pkcs1-v1_5 this code uses a public key to verify a signature. see the complete code on github. ...
... an algorithm that is either unknown or isn't suitable for a verify operation. supported algorithms the verify() method supports the same algorithms as the sign() method. examples note: you can try the working examples out on github. rsassa-pkcs1-v1_5 this code uses a public key to verify a signature. see the complete code on github. /* fetch the contents of the "message" textbox, and encode it in a form we can use for sign operation. */ function getmessageencoding() { const messagebox = document.queryselector(".rsassa-pkcs1 #message"); let message = messagebox.value; let enc = new textencoder(); return enc.encode(message); } /* fetch the encoded message-to-sign and verify it against the stored signature. * if it checks out, set the "valid" class on the signature. * otherwis...
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WebGL model view projection - Web APIs
tion of the clip space that all of the points must fit into. it is a cube two units on each side, with one corner at (-1,-1,-1) and the opposite corner at (1,1,1). the center of the cube is the point (0,0,0). this 8 cubic meter coordinate system used by clip space is known as normalized device coordinates (ndc). you may encouter that term from time to time while researching and wokring with webgl code. for this section we will put our data into the clip space coordinate system directly. normally model data is used that is in some arbitrary coordinate system, and is then transformed using a matrix, converting the model coordinates into the clip space coordinate system. for this example, it's easiest to illustrate how clip space works by simply using model coordinate values ranging from (-1,-1,...
...we will put our data into the clip space coordinate system directly. normally model data is used that is in some arbitrary coordinate system, and is then transformed using a matrix, converting the model coordinates into the clip space coordinate system. for this example, it's easiest to illustrate how clip space works by simply using model coordinate values ranging from (-1,-1,-1) to (1,1,1). ...
...in addition there is a jsfiddle link at the bottom of each section. ...
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Writing a WebSocket server in C# - Web APIs
//enter to an infinite cycle to be able to handle every change in stream while (true) { while (!stream.dataavailable); byte[] bytes = new byte[client.available]; stream.read(bytes, 0, bytes.length); } handshaking when a client connects to a server, it sends a get request to upgrade the connection to a websocket from a simple http request. this is known as handshaking. this sample code can detect a get from the client. note that this will block until the first 3 bytes of a message are available. alternative solutions should be investigated for production environments. using system.text; using system.text.regularexpressions; while(client.available < 3) { // wait for enough bytes to be available } byte[] bytes = new byte[client.available]; stream.read(bytes, 0, bytes.lengt...
...ehash( encoding.utf8.getbytes( new system.text.regularexpressions.regex("sec-websocket-key: (.*)").match(data).groups[1].value.trim() + "258eafa5-e914-47da-95ca-c5ab0dc85b11" ) ) ) + eol + eol); stream.write(response, 0, response.length); } decoding messages after a successful handshake, the client will send encoded messages to the server. if we send "mdn", we get these bytes: 129 131 61 84 35 6 112 16 109 let's take a look at what these bytes mean. the first byte, which currently has a value of 129, is a bitfield that breaks down as such: fin (bit 0) rsv1 (bit 1) rsv2 (bit 2) rsv3 (bit 3) opcode (bit 4:7) 1 0 0 0 0x1=...
...(bit 0) rsv1 (bit 1) rsv2 (bit 2) rsv3 (bit 3) opcode (bit 4:7) 1 0 0 0 0x1=0001 fin bit: this bit indicates whether the full message has been sent from the client. messages may be sent in frames, but for now we will keep things simple. rsv1, rsv2, rsv3: these bits must be 0 unless an extension is negotiated which supplies a nonzero value to them. opcode: these bits describe the type of message received. opcode 0x1 means this is a text message. full list of opcodes the second byte, which currently has a value of 131, is another bitfield that breaks down as such: mask (bit 0) payload length (bit 1:7) 1 0x83=0000011 mask bit: defines whether the "payload data" is masked. if set to 1, a masking key is present...
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Using XMLHttpRequest - Web APIs
to address (or point to) parts of it. manually parsing and serializing xml to strings or objects. using xmlserializer to serialize dom trees to strings or to files. regexp can be used if you always know the content of the xml document beforehand. you might want to remove line breaks, if you use regexp to scan with regard to line breaks. however, this method is a "last resort" since if the xml code changes slightly, the method will likely fail. note: xmlhttprequest can now interpret html for you using the responsexml property. read the article about html in xmlhttprequest to learn how to do this. processing a responsetext property containing an html document if you use xmlhttprequest to get the content of a remote html webpage, the responsetext property is a string containing the raw ...
... in the article html in xmlhttprequest. inject the content into the body of a document fragment via fragment.body.innerhtml and traverse the dom of the fragment. regexp can be used if you always know the content of the html responsetext beforehand. you might want to remove line breaks, if you use regexp to scan with regard to linebreaks. however, this method is a "last resort" since if the html code changes slightly, the method will likely fail. handling binary data although xmlhttprequest is most commonly used to send and receive textual data, it can be used to send and receive binary content. there are several well tested methods for coercing the response of an xmlhttprequest into sending binary data. these involve utilizing the overridemimetype() method on the xmlhttprequest object and...
...request submitting forms without the formdata api does not require other apis for most use cases. the only case where you need an additional api is if you want to upload one or more files, where you use the filereader api. a brief introduction to the submit methods an html <form> can be sent in four ways: using the post method and setting the enctype attribute to application/x-www-form-urlencoded (default); using the post method and setting the enctype attribute to text/plain; using the post method and setting the enctype attribute to multipart/form-data; using the get method (in this case the enctype attribute will be ignored). now, consider the submission of a form containing only two fields, named foo and baz. if you are using the post method the server will receive a string simi...
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border-color - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
sl()> = hsl( <hue> <percentage> <percentage> [ / <alpha-value> ]? ) | hsl( <hue>, <percentage>, <percentage>, <alpha-value>? )<hsla()> = hsla( <hue> <percentage> <percentage> [ / <alpha-value> ]? ) | hsla( <hue>, <percentage>, <percentage>, <alpha-value>? ...
...ntage> <percentage> [ / <alpha-value> ]? ) | hsl( <hue>, <percentage>, <percentage>, <alpha-value>? )<hsla()> = hsla( <hue> <percentage> <percentage> [ / <alpha-value> ]? ) | hsla( <hue>, <percentage>, <percentage>, <alpha-value>? ...
...]? ) | hsl( <hue>, <percentage>, <percentage>, <alpha-value>? )<hsla()> = hsla( <hue> <percentage> <percentage> [ / <alpha-value> ]? ) | hsla( <hue>, <percentage>, <percentage>, <alpha-value>? ...
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Audio and Video Delivery - Developer guides
ument.createelement('video') perhaps?) deliver the media file to the player. html audio <audio controls preload="auto"> <source src="audiofile.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"> <!-- fallback for browsers that don't support mp3 --> <source src="audiofile.ogg" type="audio/ogg"> <!-- fallback for browsers that don't support audio tag --> <a href="audiofile.mp3">download audio</a> </audio> the code above will create an audio player that attempts to preload as much audio as possible for smooth playback. note: the preload attribute may be ignored by some mobile browsers. for further info see cross browser audio basics (html5 audio in detail) html video <video controls width="640" height="480" poster="initialimage.png" autoplay muted> <source src="videofile.mp4" type="video/mp4"> <!
...we instruct the video to autoplay but to be muted by default. note: the autoplay attribute may be ignored by some mobile browsers. also, the autoplay feature can be controversial when misused. it's strongly recommended that you read the autoplay guide for media and web audio apis to l...
...dio/ogg')) { myaudio.setattribute('src','audiofile.ogg'); } myaudio.currenttime = 5; myaudio.play(); we set the source of the audio depending on the type of audio file the browser supports, then set the play-head 5 seconds in and attempt to play it. note: play will be ignored by most browsers unless issued by a user-initiated event. it's also possible to feed an <audio> element a base64 encoded wav file, allowing to generate audio on the fly: <audio id="player" src="data:audio/x-wav;base64,uklgrvc..."></audio> speak.js employs this technique. try the demo. javascript video var myvideo = document.createelement('video'); if (myvideo.canplaytype('video/mp4')) { myvideo.setattribute('src','videofile.mp4'); } else if (myvideo.canplaytype('video/webm')) { myvideo.setattribute('src',...
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<input type="datetime-local"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
reported by their operating system, whereas the date/time value is always formatted yyyy-mm-ddthh:mm. when the above value submitted to the server, for example, it will look like partydate=2017-06-01t08:30. note: also bear in mind that if such data is submitted via http get, the colon character will need to be escaped for inclusion in the url parameters, e.g. partydate=2017-06-01t08%3a30. see encodeuri() for one way to do this. you can also get and set the date value in javascript using the htmlinputelement.value property, for example: var datecontrol = document.queryselector('input[type="datetime-local"]'); datecontrol.value = '2017-06-01t08:30'; there are several methods provided by javascript's date that can be used to convert numeric date information into a properly-formatted string,...
...09:50">(gmt -9:30) taiohae</option> <option value="-09:00">(gmt -9:00) alaska</option> <option value="-08:00">(gmt -8:00) pacific time (us &amp; canada)</option> ... </select> in either case, the date/time and time zone values would be submitted to the server as separate data points, and then you'd need to store them appropriately in the database on the server-side. note: the above code snippet is taken from all world timezones in an html select element. validation by default, <input type="datetime-local"> does not apply any validation to entered values. the ui implementations generally don't let you enter anything that isn't a date/time — which is helpful — but a user might still fill in no value and submit, or enter an invalid date and/or time (e.g. the 32nd of april). ...
...eft: 5px; } important: html form validation is not a substitute for scripts that ensure that the entered data is in the proper format. it's far too easy for someone to make adjustments to the html that allow them to bypass the validation, or to remove it entirely. it's also possible for someone to simply bypass your html entirely and submit the data directly to your server. if your server-side code fails to validate the data it receives, disaster could strike when improperly-formatted data is submitted (or data which is too large, is of the wrong type, and so forth). handling browser support as mentioned above, the major problem with using date inputs at the time of writing is browser support — only chrome/opera and edge support it on desktop, and most modern browsers on mobile. as an ...
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Browser detection using the user agent - HTTP
fers between browsers, instead of checking the user agent string, you should instead implement a test to detect how the browser implements the api and determine how to use it from that. an example of feature detection is as follows. in 2017, chrome unflagged experimental lookbehind support in regular expressions, but no other browser supported it. ...
...o this: // this code snippet splits a string in a special notation if (navigator.useragent.indexof("chrome") !== -1){ // yes! ...
...])/. it will cause a syntax error in // browsers that do not support look-behind expressions // because all browsers parse the entire script, including // sections of the code that are never executed. ...
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Text formatting - JavaScript
each element in the string occupies a position in the string. the first element is at index 0, the next at index 1, and so on. the length of a string is the number of elements in it. you can create strings using string literals or string objects. ...
...ot include any characters above u+ffff, until mdn bug 857438 is fixed ( https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=857438 ). string literals you can create simple strings using either single or double quotes: 'foo' "bar" more advanced strings can be created using escape sequences: hexadecimal escape sequences the number after \x is interpreted as a hexadecimal number. ...
...e u+ffff, until mdn bug 857438 is fixed ( https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=857438 ). string literals you can create simple strings using either single or double quotes: 'foo' "bar" more advanced strings can be created using escape sequences: hexadecimal escape sequences the number after \x is interpreted as a hexadecimal number. ...
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Compiling from Rust to WebAssembly - WebAssembly
if you have some rust code, you can compile it into webassembly (wasm). this tutorial takes you through all you need to know to compile a rust project to wasm and use it in an existing web app. rust and webassembly use cases there are two main use cases for rust and webassembly: to build an entire application — an entire web app based in rust. to build a part of an application — using rust in an existing javascript frontend. for now, the rust team is focusing on the latter case, and so that's what we cover here. for the former case, check out projects like yew. in this tutorial, we build an npm package using wasm-pack, a tool for building npm packages in rust. ...
...sed in rust. to build a part of an application — using rust in an existing javascript frontend. for now, the rust team is focusing on the latter case, and so that's what we cover here. for the former case, check out projects like yew. in this tutorial, we build an npm package using wasm-pack, a tool for building npm packages in rust. this package will contain only webassembly and javascript code, and so the users of the package won't need rust installed. they may not even notice that it's written in webassembly. rust environment setup let's go through all the required steps to get our environment set up. install rust install rust by going to the install rust page and following the instructions. this installs a tool called "rustup", which lets you manage multiple versions of rust. by ...
...ell as cargo, rust's package manager, rust-std, rust's standard libraries, and some helpful docs — rust-docs. note: pay attention to the post-install note about needing cargo's bin directory in your system path. this is added automatically, but you must restart your terminal for it to take effect. wasm-pack to build the package, we need an additional tool, wasm-pack. this helps compile the code to webassembly, as well as produce the right packaging for npm. to download and install it, enter the following command into your terminal: $ cargo install wasm-pack install node.js we are building an npm package in this tutorial, and so you need to have node.js and npm installed. to get node.js and npm, go to the get npm! page and follow the instructions. when it comes to picking a version, ...
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Understanding WebAssembly text format - WebAssembly
to enable webassembly to be read and edited by humans, there is a textual representation of the wasm binary format. this is an intermediate form designed to be exposed in text editors, browser developer tools, etc. this article explains how that text format works, in terms of the raw syntax, and how it is related to the underlying bytecode it represents — and the wrapper objects representing wasm in javascript. note: this is potentially overkill if you are a web developer who just wants to load a wasm module into a page and use it in your code (see using the webassembly javascript api), but it is more useful if for example, you want to write wasm modules to optimize the performance of your javascript library, or build your own webassembly compiler. s-expressions in both the binary and ...
... overkill if you are a web developer who just wants to load a wasm module into a page and use it in your code (see using the webassembly javascript api), but it is more useful if for example, you want to write wasm modules to optimize the performance of your javascript library, or build your own webassembly compiler. s-expressions in both the binary and textual formats, the fundamental unit of code in webassembly is a module. in the text format, a module is represented as one big s-expression. s-expressions are a very old and very simple textual format for representing trees, and thus we can think of a module as a tree of nodes that describe the module’s structure and its code. unlike the abstract syntax tree of a programming language, though, webassembly’s tree is pretty flat, mostl...
...ut is still a valid module. if we convert our module to binary now (see converting webassembly text format to wasm), we’ll see just the 8 byte module header described in the binary format: 0000000: 0061 736d ; wasm_binary_magic 0000004: 0100 0000 ; wasm_binary_version adding functionality to your module ok, that’s not very interesting, let’s add some executable code to this module. all code in a webassembly module is grouped into functions, which have the following pseudo-code structure: ( func <signature> <locals> <body> ) the signature declares what the function takes (parameters) and returns (return values). the locals are like vars in javascript, but with explicit types declared. the body is just a linear list of low-level instructions. so this ...
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Preferences - Archive of obsolete content
[iid_is(atype), retval] out nsqiresult avalue); void setcomplexvalue(in string aprefname, in nsiidref atype, in nsisupports avalue); as you can see, both of them take a parameter, atype, which can have one of the following values (to be precise, you should pass components.interfaces.nsiwhatever instead of just nsiwhatever, which is undefined). nsisupportsstring used to handle unicode strings in preferences. use this when the preference value may contain non-ascii characters (for example, a user's name). nsipreflocalizedstring almost the same as nsisupportsstring, but it is handled differently in getcomplexvalue() when there's no user value for the given preference; see below for details. nsilocalfile and nsirelativefilepref store paths in preferences. nsilocalfile is used...
...ed differently in getcomplexvalue() when there's no user value for the given preference; see below for details. nsilocalfile and nsirelativefilepref store paths in preferences. nsilocalfile is used to store absolute paths, while nsirelativefilepref is used to store paths relative to a "special" directory, such as the profile folder. ...
...elow for details. nsilocalfile and nsirelativefilepref store paths in preferences. nsilocalfile is used to store absolute paths, while nsirelativefilepref is used to store paths relative to a "special" directory, such as the profile folder. nsisupportsstring as noted above, this is used to handle unicode strings in preferences. ...
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MMgc - Archive of obsolete content
g when the memory is no longer reachable from anywhere in the application and reclaiming it at that time. in mmgc, you get managed memory by subclassing gcobject/gcfinalizedobject/rcobject, or by calling gc::alloc. unmanaged memory is everything else. this is c++ memory management as you're accustomed to it. memory can be allocated with the new operator, and must be explicitly deleted in your c++ code at some later time using the delete operator. another way to think about it: unmanaged memory is c++ operators new and delete managed memory is c++ operator new, with optional delete mmgc contains a page allocator called gcheap, which allocates large blocks (megabytes) of memory from the system and doles out 4kb pages to the unmanaged memory allocator (fixedmalloc) and the managed memory alloca...
...ntainspointers indicates to the gc that the memory will contain pointers to other gc objects, and thus needs to be scanned by the gc's mark phase. if you know for certain that the objects will not contain gc pointers, leave this flag off; it will make the mark phase faster by excluding your object. kfinalize and krcobject are used internally by the gc; you should not need to set them in your user code. gc::getgc given the pointer to any gcobject, it is possible to get a pointer to the gc object that allocated it. void gcobject::method() { gc* gc = mmgc::gc::getgc(this); ... } this practice should be used sparingly, but is sometimes useful. base classes gcobject a basic garbage collected object. a gcobject is allocated with parameterized operator new, passing the mmgc::gc object: class m...
...s is as simple as using global operator new/delete, the same way you always have. to allocate a managed (gc) object, you must use the parameterized form of operator new, and pass it a reference to the mmgc::gc object. class myobject : public mmgc::gcobject { ... }; ... myobject* myobject = new (gc) myobject(); dwb/drc/drcwb there are several smart pointer templates which must be used in your c++ code to work properly with mmgc. dwb dwb stands for declared write barrier. it must be used on a pointer to a gcobject/gcfinalizedobject, when that pointer is a member variable of a class derived from gcobject/gcfinalizedobject/rcobject/rcfinalizedobject. class mymanagedclass : public mmgc::gcobject { // mymanagedclass is a gcobject, and // avmplus::hashtable is a gcobject, so use dwb dwb(avmplu...
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jspage - Archive of obsolete content
ay,date:date,function:function,number:number,regexp:regexp,string:string};for(var h in a){new native({name:h,initialize:a[h],protect:true}); }var d={"boolean":boolean,"native":native,object:object};for(var c in d){native.typize(d[c],c);}var f={array:["concat","indexof","join","lastindexof","pop","push","reverse","shift","slice","sort","splice","tostring","unshift","valueof"],string:["charat","charcodeat","concat","indexof","lastindexof","match","replace","search","slice","split","substr","substring","tolowercase","touppercase","valueof"]}; for(var e in f){for(var b=f[e].length;b--;){native.genericize(a[e],f[e][b],true);}}})();var hash=new native({name:"hash",initialize:function(a){if($type(a)=="hash"){a=$unlink(a.getclean()); }for(var b in a){this[b]=a[b];}return this;}});hash.implement({forea...
...ar a=[]; hash.each(this,function(c,b){a.push(b);});return a;},getvalues:function(){var a=[];hash.each(this,function(b){a.push(b);});return a;},toquerystring:function(a){var b=[]; hash.each(this,function(f,e){if(a){e=a+"["+e+"]";}var d;switch($type(f)){case"object":d=hash.toquerystring(f,e);break;case"array":var c={};f.each(function(h,g){c[g]=h; });d=hash.toquerystring(c,e);break;default:d=e+"="+encodeuricomponent(f);}if(f!=undefined){b.push(d);}});return b.join("&");}});hash.alias({keyof:"indexof",hasvalue:"contains"}); var event=new native({name:"event",initialize:function(a,f){f=f||window;var k=f.document;a=a||f.event;if(a.$extended){return a;}this.$extended=true;var j=a.type; var g=a.target||a.srcelement;while(g&&g.nodetype==3){g=g.parentnode;}if(j.test(/key/)){var b=a.which||a.keycode;var ...
...f",hasvalue:"contains"}); var event=new native({name:"event",initialize:function(a,f){f=f||window;var k=f.document;a=a||f.event;if(a.$extended){return a;}this.$extended=true;var j=a.type; var g=a.target||a.srcelement;while(g&&g.nodetype==3){g=g.parentnode;}if(j.test(/key/)){var b=a.which||a.keycode;var m=event.keys.keyof(b);if(j=="keydown"){var d=b-111; if(d>0&&d<13){m="f"+d;}}m=m||string.fromcharcode(b).tolowercase();}else{if(j.match(/(click|mouse|menu)/i)){k=(!k.compatmode||k.compatmode=="css1compat")?k.html:k.body; var i={x:a.pagex||a.clientx+k.scrollleft,y:a.pagey||a.clienty+k.scrolltop};var c={x:(a.pagex)?a.pagex-f.pagexoffset:a.clientx,y:(a.pagey)?a.pagey-f.pageyoffset:a.clienty}; if(j.match(/dommousescroll|mousewheel/)){var h=(a.wheeldelta)?a.wheeldelta/120:-(a.detail||0)/3;}var e=(a.wh...
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Gecko Compatibility Handbook - Archive of obsolete content
rent platforms unlike internet explorer for mac and ie for windows, which are very different programs and so may behave quite differently from each other. quick compatibility test if your site uses netscape 4.x and microsoft proprietary technologies, see using web standards in your web pages for a quick tutorial on standards. this compatibility test will be most beneficial to sites using simple code or that have updated to support standards. set up browsers for testing the various gecko-based browsers do not always contain netscape in the user-agent string. thus it's critical to verify that you are properly detecting browsers such as aol for macos. you can either download the various browsers. or, if you are using user-agent detection, you can install an extension in firefox or mozilla wh...
...rowsers. upgrade the browser detection javascript to detect "gecko." (related article) content differs in gecko browsers and internet explorer use of proprietary or invalid markup (such as is generated by some microsoft office applications). use the w3 html and css validator tools to validate the web page. correct any errors and replace proprietary code wherever possible. upgrade web authoring tool to versions that support the w3 standards and gecko browsers content differs in gecko browsers and internet explorer the javascript console in netscape 6.x and netscape 7.x displays errors about document.all, document.layers, document.<property> not being defined because of an incorrect browser sniffing, or use of proprietary...
...results in a 404-page not found but works in internet explorer the link may use an invalid form of a relative url. change relative urls from http://directory/... to directory/.... or use absolute paths in urls such as http://example.com/directory/... verify that all hyperlinks use forward slashes (/) clicking on a link displays a "download" or displays html code instead of rendering the page correctly, but works as expected in internet explorer the web server has incorrectly specified the mime type for the content. internet explorer tries to guess the mime type of documents while gecko browsers relies upon the web server to specify the correct mime type. gecko does not try to 'sniff' the mime type for a document in order to reduce the possibility of u...
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Scratchpad - Archive of obsolete content
scratchpad is deprecated as of firefox 70 (bug 1565380), and will be removed as of firefox 72 (bug 1519103). as an alternative, starting in firefox 71, you can use the multi-line mode of the javascript console input. scratchpad provides an environment for experimenting with javascript code. you can write, run, and examine the results of code that interacts with the web page. unlike the web console, which is designed for interpreting a single line of code at a time, scratchpad lets you edit larger chunks of javascript code, then execute it in various ways depending on how you want to use the output. the featured video tutorial shows a case of using scratchpad with a page run by a local web server. it is also possible to use scratchpad over pages opened from a local file system, if perm...
... lets you edit larger chunks of javascript code, then execute it in various ways depending on how you want to use the output. the featured video tutorial shows a case of using scratchpad with a page run by a local web server. it is also possible to use scratchpad over pages opened from a local file system, if permission policies allow that. but even with possible limitations present, the html code can be either manually entered or copied from the source and pasted into the "about:blank" page (a new empty tab) with the use page inspector's edit as html context menu command. usage opening scratchpad in its own window there are several different ways to open scratchpad in its own window: press shift + f4, or go to the web developer menu (which is a submenu in the tools menu on macos an...
...e toolbox, alongside other tools like the page inspector and the web console. this is especially useful in split console mode: you can use scratchpad for a persistent, multiline editor, and the console to interact with the page. editing the scratchpad window looks something like this (on macos the menu bar is at the top of the screen): the file menu offers options to save and load javascript code snippets, so you can reuse code later if you like. code completion scratchpad integrates the tern code analysis engine, and uses that to provide autocomplete suggestions and popups containing information on the current symbol. to list autocomplete suggestions, press ctrl + space. for example, try typing d, then pressing ctrl + space. you'll see the autocomplete box, as shown below: the icon n...
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HTML: A good basis for accessibility - Learn web development
onger to write than non-semantic (bad) markup if you do it consistently from the start of your project. even better, semantic markup has other benefits beyond accessibility: easier to develop with — as mentioned above, you get some functionality for free, plus it is arguably easier to understand. better on mobile — semantic html is arguably lighter in file size than non-semantic spaghetti code, and easier to make responsive. good for seo — search engines give more importance to keywords inside headings, links, etc. than keywords included in non-semantic <div>s, etc., so your documents will be more findable by customers. let's get on and look at accessible html in more detail. note: it is a good idea to have a screen reader set up on your local computer so that you can do some te...
...ement for the job. this cannot be ignored, as it is one of the main places that accessibility is badly broken if not handled properly. out there on the web, the truth is that people do some very strange things with html markup. some abuses of html are due to legacy practices that have not been completely forgotten, and some are just plain ignorance. whatever the case, you should replace such bad code. sometimes you are not in the position to get rid of lousy markup — your pages might be generated by some kind of server-side framework over which you don't have full control, or you might have third party content on your page (such as ad banners) over which you have no control. the goal isn't "all or nothing." however, — every improvement you can make will help the cause of accessibility. ...
...ly (depending on which screen reader you're using) have to go down into the table as an object and look at its features separately, then get out of the table again to carry on navigating the content. table layouts are a relic of the past — they made sense back when css support was not widespread in browsers, but now they just create confusion for screen reader users. additionally, their source code requires more markup, which makes them less flexible and more difficult to maintain. you can verify these claims by comparing your previous experience with a more modern website structure example, which could look something like this: <header> <h1>header</h1> </header> <nav> <!-- main navigation in here --> </nav> <!-- here is our page's main content --> <main> <!-- it contains an artic...
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HTML: A good basis for accessibility - Learn web development
onger to write than non-semantic (bad) markup if you do it consistently from the start of your project. even better, semantic markup has other benefits beyond accessibility: easier to develop with — as mentioned above, you get some functionality for free, plus it is arguably easier to understand. better on mobile — semantic html is arguably lighter in file size than non-semantic spaghetti code, and easier to make responsive. good for seo — search engines give more importance to keywords inside headings, links, etc. than keywords included in non-semantic <div>s, etc., so your documents will be more findable by customers. let's get on and look at accessible html in more detail. note: it is a good idea to have a screen reader set up on your local computer so that you can do some te...
...ement for the job. this cannot be ignored, as it is one of the main places that accessibility is badly broken if not handled properly. out there on the web, the truth is that people do some very strange things with html markup. some abuses of html are due to legacy practices that have not been completely forgotten, and some are just plain ignorance. whatever the case, you should replace such bad code. sometimes you are not in the position to get rid of lousy markup — your pages might be generated by some kind of server-side framework over which you don't have full control, or you might have third party content on your page (such as ad banners) over which you have no control. the goal isn't "all or nothing." however, — every improvement you can make will help the cause of accessibility. ...
...ly (depending on which screen reader you're using) have to go down into the table as an object and look at its features separately, then get out of the table again to carry on navigating the content. table layouts are a relic of the past — they made sense back when css support was not widespread in browsers, but now they just create confusion for screen reader users. additionally, their source code requires more markup, which makes them less flexible and more difficult to maintain. you can verify these claims by comparing your previous experience with a more modern website structure example, which could look something like this: <header> <h1>header</h1> </header> <nav> <!-- main navigation in here --> </nav> <!-- here is our page's main content --> <main> <!-- it contains an artic...
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Debugging HTML - Learn web development
previous overview: introduction to html next writing html is fine, but what if something goes wrong, and you can't work out where the error in the code is? this article will introduce you to some tools that can help you find and fix errors in html. prerequisites: html familiarity, as covered in, for example, getting started with html, html text fundamentals, and creating hyperlinks. objective: learn the basics of using debugging tools to find problems in html. debugging isn't scary when writing code of some kind, everything is usually fine, until that dreaded moment when an error occurs — you've done something wrong, so your code doesn't work — either not at all, or not quite how you wanted it to. for example, the following shows an error reported...
...llo, world!"); might logically be missing a double quote. however, error messages can quickly get more complicated and less easy to interpret as programs get bigger, and even simple cases can look a little intimidating to someone who doesn't know anything about rust. debugging doesn't have to be scary though — the key to being comfortable with writing and debugging any programming language or code is familiarity with both the language and the tools. html and debugging html is not as complicated to understand as rust. html is not compiled into a different form before the browser parses it and shows the result (it is interpreted, not compiled). and html's element syntax is arguably a lot easier to understand than a "real programming language" like rust, javascript, or python. the way that ...
...t compiled into a different form before the browser parses it and shows the result (it is interpreted, not compiled). and html's element syntax is arguably a lot easier to understand than a "real programming language" like rust, javascript, or python. the way that browsers parse html is a lot more permissive than how programming languages are run, which is both a good and a bad thing. permissive code so what do we mean by permissive? well, generally when you do something wrong in code, there are two main types of error that you'll come across: syntax errors: these are spelling errors in your code that actually cause the program not to run, like the rust error shown above. these are usually easy to fix as long as you are familiar with the language's syntax and know what the error messages ...
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Third-party APIs - Learn web development
...
... developer keys to allow developers access to the api functionality, which is more to protect the api vendor than the user. you'll find a line similar to the following in the mapquest api example: l.mapquest.key = 'your-api-key-here'; this line specifies an api or developer key to use in your application — the developer of the application must apply to get a key, and then include it in their code to be allowed access to the api's functionality. in our example we've just provided a placeholder. note: when creating your own examples, you'll use your own api key in place of any placeholder. other apis may require that you include the key in a slightly different way, but the pattern is relatively similar for most of them. requiring a key enables the api provider to hold users of the api ...
...') try changing 'map' to 'hybrid' to show a hybrid-style map. try some other values too. the tilelayer reference page shows the different available options, plus a lot more information. adding different controls the map has a number of different controls available; by default it just shows a zoom control. you can expand the controls available using the map.addcontrol() method; add this to your code, inside the window.onload handler: map.addcontrol(l.mapquest.control()); the mapquest.control() method just creates a simple full-featured control set, and it is placed in the top-right hand corner by default. you can adjust the position by specifying an options object as a parameter for the control containing a position property, the value of which is a string specifying a position for the con...
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Working with JSON - Learn web development
d by objects. we want to access the second object inside the array, so we use [1]. inside this object, we want to access the powers property, so we use ["powers"]. inside the powers property is an array containing the selected hero's superpowers. we want the third one, so we use [2]. note: we've made the json seen above available inside a variable in our jsontest.html example (see the source code). try loading this up and then accessing data inside the variable via your browser's javascript console. arrays as json above we mentioned that json text basically looks like a javascript object, and this is mostly right. the reason we said "mostly right" is that an array is also valid json, for example: [ { "name": "molecule man", "age": 29, "secretidentity": "dan jukes", "...
... use (although computer-generated json is less likely to include errors, as long as the generator program is working correctly). you can validate json using an application like jsonlint. json can actually take the form of any data type that is valid for inclusion inside json, not just arrays or objects. so for example, a single string or number would be a valid json object. unlike in javascript code in which object properties may be unquoted, in json only quoted strings may be used as properties. active learning: working through a json example so, let's work through an example to show how we could make use of some json data on a website. getting started to begin with, make local copies of our heroes.html and style.css files. the latter contains some simple css to style our page, while t...
...n example so, let's work through an example to show how we could make use of some json data on a website. getting started to begin with, make local copies of our heroes.html and style.css files. the latter contains some simple css to style our page, while the former contains some very simple body html: <header> </header> <section> </section> plus a <script> element to contain the javascript code we will be writing in this exercise. at the moment it only contains two lines, which grab references to the <header> and <section> elements and store them in variables: const header = document.queryselector('header'); const section = document.queryselector('section'); we have made our json data available on our github, at https://mdn.github.io/learning-area/javascript/oojs/json/superheroes.json...
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Script security
this page provides an overview of the script security architecture in gecko. like any web browser, gecko can load javascript from untrusted and potentially hostile web pages and run it on the user's computer. the security model for web content is based on the same-origin policy, in which code gets full access to objects from its origin but highly restricted access to objects from a different origin. ...
...legacy sdk extensions also run with chrome privileges. ...
...full access to objects from its origin but highly restricted access to objects from a different origin. the rules for determining whether an object is same-origin with another, and what access is allowed cross-origin, are now mostly standardized across browsers. gecko has an additional problem, though: while its core is written in c++, the front-end code is written in javascript. this javascript code, which is commonly referred to as chrome code, runs with system privileges. if the code is compromised, the attacker can take over the user's computer. legacy sdk extensions also run with chrome privileges. having the browser front end in javascript has benefits: it can be much quicker to develop in javascript than in c++, and contributors do not need to learn c++. however, javascript is a highl...
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How to embed the JavaScript engine
see also jsapi user guide. in particular, it has more and better code examples! a bare bones tutorial hello world sample embedding application the following code is a very simple application that shows how to embed spidermonkey and run a simple javascript script. see the instructions for building and running the sample below the code. the code differs for each spidermonkey version, please choose right version for your spidermonkey. spidermonkey 24 // following code might be needed in some case // #define __stdc_limit_macros // #include <stdint.h> #include "jsapi.h" /* the class of the global object. */ static jsclass global_class = { "global", jsclass_global_flags, js_propertystub, js_deletepropertystub, js_propertystub, js_strictpropertystub, js_enumeratest...
...*/ static jsclass global_class = { "global", jsclass_global_flags, js_propertystub, js_deletepr...
...oname"; int lineno = 1; bool ok = js_evaluatescript(cx, global, script, strlen(script), filename, lineno, rval.address()); if (!ok) return 1; } jsstring *str = rval.tostring(); printf("%s\n", js_encodestring(cx, str)); } js_destroycontext(cx); js_destroyruntime(rt); js_shutdown(); return 0; } spidermonkey 31 // following code might be needed in some case // #define __stdc_limit_macros // #include <stdint.h> #include "jsapi.h" /* the class of the global object. */ static jsclass global_class = { "global", jsclass_global_flags, js_propertystub, js_deletepropertystub, js_propertystub, js_strictpropertystub, js_enumeratestub, js_resolvestub, js_convertstub, nullptr, nullptr, ...
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SpiderMonkey 1.8.5
spidermonkey 1.8.5 is the javascript engine that shipped in firefox 4.0. ...
...experiences with this release by posting in the mozilla.dev.tech.js-engine newsgroup. or, file bugs at bugzilla.mozilla.org under product: core, component: javascript engine. —22 march 2011 platform support spidermonkey 1.8.5 is supported on all the platforms where firefox 4 runs. spidermonkey 1.8.5 includes a just-in-time compiler (jit) (several, actually) that compiles javascript to machine code, for a significant speed increase. it is supported only on x86, x86_64 and arm architectures. on other platforms, the jit is simply disabled; javascript code runs in an interpreter, as in previous versions. it's the same language, just not as fast. migrating to spidermonkey 1.8 the following features in earlier versions of spidermonkey have been dropped. support for extended class methods (in p...
...each thread must operate on objects in a separate compartment, isolated from the other threads. the old build system (using makefile.ref) is no longer supported. spidermonkey 1.8.5 includes a new configure-based build system, introduced shortly after active development on the engine moved from cvs to mercurial. spidermonkey 1.8.5 is not binary-compatible with previous releases, nor is it source-code compatible. many jsapi types, functions, and callback signatures have changed, though most of them still have the same names and do the same things. applications will need significant changes, but most of those changes will be detected by the c/c++ compiler, so they are easy to detect and updating the code is a fairly straightforward job. here is a list of the most significant changes. previous...
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Components.utils.Sandbox
s.utils.sandbox(...) to create a sandbox has the same effect as calling sandbox(...) without new. the created sandbox is simply an empty javascript object marked as having been created by the restricted privilege principal. you can then use it with evalinsandbox() to make it the global scope object for the specified script. ...
...ript. principal the security principal defined for a sandbox determines what code running in that sandbox will be allowed to do. the principal may be one of four types: the system principal, a content principal, an expanded principal, or a null principal. see security checks for more information on security principals. ...
...siprincipal, a dom window, or a uri. so this can be simply an array with a single element. for example the content principal above can be made expanded/extended like so: var principal = [gbrowser.selectedtab.linkedbrowser.contentprincipal]; // this is now an expanded (aka extended) principal var sandbox = components.utils.sandbox(principal); null principal you can create a null principal using code like: cc["@mozilla.org/nullprincipal;1"].createinstance(ci.nsiprincipal); from firefox 37 onwards, you can also specify the null principal by simply passing null as the principal argument. options the constructor accepts an optional parameter. this parameter is an object with the following optional properties: freshzone if true creates a new gc region separate from both the calling conte...
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Language bindings
the scriptable methods on the nsicomponentmanager interface can be called directly on this object.compone...
...the scriptable methods on the nsicomponentmanager interface can be called directly on this object.components.resultscomponents.results is a read-only...
...ative component manager service. the scriptable methods on the nsicomponentmanager interface can be called directly on this object.components.resultscomponents.results is a read-only object whose properties are the names listed as the first parameters of the macros in js/xpconnect/src/xpc.msg (also at table of errors), with the value of each corresponding to that constant's value.components.returncodecomponents.stackcomponents.stack is a read only property of type nsistackframe (idl definition) that represents a snapshot of the current javascript callstack. this can be used for various diagnostic purposes.components.utilscomponents.utils is a collection of various useful xpconnect features. its interface is defined at js/xpconnect/idl/xpccomponents.idl.components.utils.cloneintothis function p...
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nsIPushService
a service for components to subscribe and receive push messages from remote servers. inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 46.0 (firefox 46.0 / thunderbird 46.0 / seamonkey 2.43) push lets a remote server send payloads to a web site, add-on, or component running in the browser. nsipushservice supports the push api implementation in firefox, and can be used directly from privileged code to create system subscriptions. implemented by @mozilla.org/push/service;1 as a service: const pushservice = components.classes["@mozilla.org/push/service;1"] .getservice(components.interfaces.nsipushservice); method overview void subscribe(in domstring scope, in nsiprincipal principal, in nsipushsubscriptioncallback callback); void getsubscrip...
...be() creates a push subscription. void subscribe( in domstring scope, in nsiprincipal principal, in nsipushsubscriptioncallback callback ); parameters scope the serviceworkerregistration.scope for a service worker subscription, or a unique url (for example, chrome://my-module/push) for a system subscription. principal the nsiprincipal to associate with the subscription. privileged code should pass the system principal. callback the callback to call when the nsipushsubscription is created. passing the system principal exempts the subscription from permission checks and background messages quotas, which are enforced for service worker subscriptions. example const { classes: cc, interfaces: ci, utils: cu } = components; const scriptsecuritymanager = cc["@mozilla.org/scrip...
... subscription.endpoint; subscription.getkey("p256dh"); subscription.getkey("auth"); } ); getsubscription() fetches an existing subscription. void getsubscription( in domstring sco...
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Setting HTTP request headers
http is one of the core technologies behind the web. in addition to the actual content, some important information is passed with http headers for both http requests and responses. you can add your own http headers to any request the application makes, whether the request is initiated by your code explicitly opening an http channel, because of xmlhttprequest activity, an <img> element in content, or even from css. http channels when you deal with http requests and responses, typically you are doing this with an nsihttpchannel. the nsihttpchannel interface has a number of properties and methods, but the method that is of interest to us is setrequestheader. this method allows us to set an http request header. below is some sample code where we set an http header. // adds "x-hello: world"...
...u are doing this with an nsihttpchannel. the nsihttpchannel interface has a number of properties and methods, but the method that is of interest to us is setrequestheader. this method allows us to set an http request header. below is some sample code where we set an http header. // adds "x-hello: world" header to the request httpchannel.setrequestheader("x-hello", "world", false); in the example code above we have a variable named httpchannel which points to an object implementing nsihttpchannel. (this variable could have been named anything though.) the setrequestheader method takes 3 parameters. the first parameter is the name of the http request header. the second parameter is the value of the http request header. and for now, just ignore the third parameter, and just always make it false.
... variable named httpchannel which points to an object implementing nsihttpchannel. (this variable could have been named anything though.) the setrequestheader method takes 3 parameters. the first parameter is the name of the http request header. the second parameter is the value of the http request header. and for now, just ignore the third parameter, and just always make it false. in our example code, the http request header that we added is named x-hello and the value of this http request header is world. note: if you are making up your own http header, you must put a x- in front of the name. (in our example, our made up http header is x-hello and not hello because we correctly added the x- in front of our name.) no longer the case: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6648 notifications the...
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Using Fetch - Web APIs
e cookies; you can’t can establish a cross site session using fetch. set-cookie headers from other sites are silently ignored. fetch won’t send cookies, unless you set the credentials init option. (since aug 25, 2017. the spec changed the default credentials policy to same-origin. firefox changed since 61.0b13.) a basic fetch request is really simple to set up. have a look at the following code: fetch('http://example.com/movies.json') .then(response => response.json()) .then(data => console.log(data)); here we are fetching a json file across the network and printing it to the console. the simplest use of fetch() takes one argument — the path to the resource you want to fetch — and returns a promise containing the response (a response object). this is just an http response, n...
...th * const response = await fetch(url, { method: 'post', // *get, post, put, delete, etc. ...
... fetch('https://example.com', { credentials: 'include' }); if you only want to send credentials if the request url is on the same origin as ...
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Establishing a connection: The WebRTC perfect negotiation pattern - Web APIs
ction, it's highly flexible. however, despite that flexibility in transport and communication of signaling messages, there's still a recommended design pattern you should follow when possible, known as perfect negotiation. this article introduces webrtc perfect negotiation, describing how it works and why it's the recommended way to negotiate a webrtc connection between peers, and provides sample code to demonstrate the technique. after the first deployments of webrtc-capable browsers, it was realized that parts of the negotiation process were more complicated than they needed to be for typical use cases. this was due to a small number of issues with the api and some potential race conditions that needed to be prevented. these issues have since been addressed, letting us simplify our webrtc n...
...is the "callee." the perfect negotiation pattern smooths this difference away by separating that difference out into independent negotiation logic, so that your application doesn't need to care which end of the connection it is. as far as your application is concerned, it makes no difference whether you're calling out or receiving a call. the best thing about perfect negotiation is that the same code is used for both the caller and the callee, so there's no repetition or otherwise added levels of negotiation code to write. perfect negotiation works by assigning each of the two peers a role to play in the negotiation process that's entirely separate from the webrtc connection state: a polite peer, which uses ice rollback to prevent collisions with incoming offers. a polite peer, essentiall...
...the polite role to the first peer to connect to the signaling server, or you could do something more elaborate like having the peers exchange random numbers and assigning the polite role to the winner. however you make the determination, once these roles are assigned to the two peers, they can then work together to manage signaling in a way that doesn't deadlock and doesn't require a lot of extra code to manage. an important thing to keep in mind is this: the roles of caller and callee can switch during perfect negotiation. if the polite peer is the caller and it sends an offer but there's a collision with the impolite peer, the polite peer drops its offer and instead replies to the offer it has received from the impolite peer. by doing so, the polite peer has switched from being the caller t...
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Writing a WebSocket server in Java - Web APIs
this server conforms to rfc 6455, so it only handles connections from chrome version 16, firefox 11, ie 10 and higher. first steps websockets communicate over a tcp (transmission control protocol) connection. java's serversocket class is located in the java.net package. ...
.... try { string data = s.usedelimiter("\\r\\n\\r\\n").next(); matcher get = pattern.compile("^get").matcher(data); creating the response is easier than understanding why you must do it in this way. you must, obtain the value of sec-websocket-key request header without any leading and trailing whitespace link it with "258eafa5-e914-47da-95ca-c5ab0dc85b11" compute sha-1 and base64 code of it write it back as value of sec-websocket-accept response header as part of a http response. if (get.find()) { matcher match = pattern.compile("sec-websocket-key: (.*)").matcher(data); match.find(); byte[] response = ("http/1.1 101 switching protocols\r\n" + "connection: upgrade\r\n" + "upgrade: websocket\r\n" + "sec-websocket-accept: " + base64.g...
...it write it back as value of sec-websocket-accept response header as part of a http response. if (get.find()) { matcher match = pattern.compile("sec-websocket-key: (.*)").matcher(data); match.find(); byte[] response = ("http/1.1 101 switching protocols\r\n" + "connection: upgrade\r\n" + "upgrade: websocket\r\n" + "sec-websocket-accept: " + base64.getencoder().encodetostring(messagedigest.getinstance("sha-1").digest((match.group(1) + "258eafa5-e914-47da-95ca-c5ab0dc85b11").getbytes("utf-8"))) + "\r\n\r\n").getbytes("utf-8"); out.write(response, 0, response.length); decoding messages after a successful handshake, client can send messages to the server, but now these are encoded. if we send "abcdef", we get these bytes: 129 ...
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Audio and video manipulation - Developer guides
var processor = { timercallback: function() { if (this.video.paused || this.video.ended) { return; } this.computeframe(); var self = this; settimeout(function () { self.timercallback(); }, 16); // roughly 60 frames per second }, doload: function() { this.video = document.getelementbyid("my-video"); this.c1 = document...
... return; } }; once the page has loaded you can call processor.doload() result this is a pretty simple example showing how to manipulate video frames using a canvas. for efficiency, you should consider using requestanimationframe() instead of settimeout() when running on browsers that support it. note: due to potential security issues if your video is on a different domain than your code, you'll need to enable cors (cross origin resource sharing) on your video server. video and webgl webgl is a powerful api that uses canvas to draw hardware-accelerated 3d or 2d scenes. you can combine webgl and the <video> element to create video textures, which means you can put video inside 3d scenes. note: you can find the source code of this demo on github (see it live also). playbac...
...n both cases, it changes the playback speed but not the pitch. to manipulate the audio's pitch you need to use the web audio api. see the audiobuffersourcenode.playbackrate property. ...
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Overview of events and handlers - Developer guides
events and event handling provide a core technique in javascript for reacting to incidents occurring when a browser accesses a web page, including events from preparing a web page for display, from interacting with the content of the web page, relating to the device on which the browser is running, and from many other causes such as media stream playback or animation timing. ...
...andling the incidence of new events follows painting. the innovation of the dynamic approach allows for a page to be partially rendered even when the browser has not finished retrieving all resources; this approach also allows for event driven actions, which javascript leverages. (the talk is available from several sources, including this one.) currently, all execution environments for javascript code use events and event handling. the event design pattern the event system, at its core, is simply a programming design pattern. the pattern starts with an agreement over a kind of event and: the name string used for the event, the type of the data structure used to represent the key properties of that event, and the javascript object which will 'emit' that event. the pattern is implemente...
...t' that event. the pattern is implemented by defining a javascript function which takes as an argument the data structure which was agreed upon, and registering the function using the name string with the object which will emit the event. the function is said to be a 'listener' or a 'handler' with both names used interchangeably. this pattern can easily be followed using completely custom code, as explained in the article on custom events. the pattern is also used by modern web browsers which define many events emitted in response to user input or browser activity. modern web browsers follow the event pattern using a standardized approach. browsers use as the data structure for the properties of the event, an object derived from the eventprototype object. browsers use as the registrat...
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Content Scripts - Archive of obsolete content
many add-ons need to access and modify the content of web pages. but the main add-on code doesn't get direct access to web content. instead, sdk add-ons need to factor the code that gets access to web content into separate scripts that are called content scripts. this page describes how to develop and implement content scripts. content scripts can be one of the more confusing aspects of working with the sdk, but you're very likely to have to use them. ...
...ess to web content. instead, sdk add-ons need to factor the code that gets access to web content into separate scripts that are called content scripts. this page describes how to develop and implement content scripts. content scripts can be one of the more confusing aspects of working with the sdk, but you're very likely to have to use them. ...
...five basic principles: the add-on's main code, including "main.js" and other modules in "lib", can use the sdk high-level and low-level apis, but can't access web content directly content scripts can't use the sdk's apis (no access to globals exports, require) but can access web content sdk apis that use content scripts, like page-mod and tabs, provide functions that enable the add-on's main code to load content scripts into web pages content scripts can be loaded in as strings, but are more often stored as separate files under the add-on's "data" directory. jpm doesn't make a "data" directory by default, so you must add it and put your content scripts in there. ...
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panel - Archive of obsolete content
create dialogs. to do this, save the html in your add-on's data directory and load it using the data.url() method exported by the self module, like this: var mypanel = require("sdk/panel").panel({ contenturl: require("sdk/self").data.url("myfile.html") }); mypanel.show(); from firefox 34, you can use "./myfile.html" as an alias for self.data.url("myfile.html"). so you can rewrite the above code like this: var mypanel = require("sdk/panel").panel({ contenturl: "./myfile.html" }); mypanel.show(); panel positioning by default the panel appears in the center of the currently active browser window. you can position the panel by passing a position to the panel's constructor or to its show() method. attaching panels to buttons you can attach a panel to a toggle button by passing the ...
...s is usually the best approach. embedding an iframe in the panel, and changing its document setting the panel's contenturl property. however, doing this will cause any content scripts to be unloaded and then reloaded, so it may be less efficient, and you'll lose any state associated with the scripts. scripting panel content you can't directly access your panel's content from your main add-on code. to access the panel's content, you need to load a script into the panel. in the sdk these scripts are called "content scripts" because they're explicitly used for interacting with web content. while content scripts can access the content they're attached to, they can't use the sdk's apis. so implementing a complete solution usually means you have to send messages between the content script and ...
...panel's content, you need to load a script into the panel. in the sdk these scripts are called "content scripts" because they're explicitly used for interacting with web content. while content scripts can access the content they're attached to, they can't use the sdk's apis. so implementing a complete solution usually means you have to send messages between the content script and the main add-on code. you can specify one or more content scripts to load into a panel using the contentscript or contentscriptfile options to the panel() constructor. you can communicate with the script using either the postmessage() api or (preferably, usually) the port api. for example, here's an add-on whose content script intercepts mouse clicks on links inside the panel, and sends the target url...
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Interaction between privileged and non-privileged pages - Archive of obsolete content
sending data from unprivileged document to chrome an easy way to send data from a web page to an extension is by using custom dom events. in your extension's browser.xul overlay, write code which listens for a custom dom event. here we call the event myextensionevent. var myextension = { mylistener: function(evt) { alert("received from web page: " + evt.target.getattribute("attribute1") + "/" + evt.target.getattribute("attribute2")); } } document.addeventlistener("myextensionevent", function(e) { myextension.mylistener(e); }, false, true); // the last value is a mozilla-specific value to indicate untrusted content is allowed to trigger the event. the data from the web page (unprivileged code) will be the values of attribute1 and attribute2. to trigger th...
... } } document.addeventlistener("myextensionevent", function(e) { myextension.mylistener(e); }, false, true); // the last value is a mozilla-specific value to indicate untrusted content is allowed to trigger the event. the data from the web page (unprivileged code) will be the values of attribute1 and attribute2. ...
...data from the web page, write code such as this in the web page: var element = document.createelement("myextensiondataelement"); element.setattribute("attribute1", "foobar"); element.setattribute("attribute2", "hello world"); document.documentelement.appendchild(element); var evt = document.createevent("events"); evt.initevent("myextensionevent", true, false); element.dispatchevent(evt); this code creates an arbitrary element -- <myextensiondataelement/> -- and inserts it into the web page's dom. values are set for two arbitrary attributes on the element. these can also be named anything you like, but we've chosen attribute1 and attribute2. ...
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Adding Events and Commands - Archive of obsolete content
« previousnext » event handlers just like with html, most javascript code execution is triggered by event handlers attached to dom elements. the most commonly used event is the onload event, which is used in overlays and other windows to detect when the window has loaded and then run initialization code: // rest of overlay code goes here. window.addeventlistener( "load", function() { xulschoolchrome.browseroverlay.init(); }, false); you can do something similar with the onunload event, to do any cleanup you may need. please read appendix a for recommendations on how to use the load event to initialize your add-on without having a negative performance impact on firefox. ...
...", function() { xulschoolchrome.browseroverlay.init(); }, false); you can do something similar with the onunload event, to do any cleanup you may need. please read appendix a for recommendations on how to use the load event to initialize your add-on without having a negative performance impact on firefox. another way to attach event handlers, just like html, is to place the handler in the xul code: <overlay id="xulschoolhello-browser-overlay" onload="xulschoolchrome.browseroverlay.init();" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul"> we prefer the first method because it keeps a better separation of content and behavior. also, note that the addeventlistener method receives the event name without the "on" prefix, while element attributes do have the prefix. ...
...ion on the event. you can get information on key modifiers (in case the user was holding a modifier key like alt while performing the event), screen coordinates for mouse events, and most importantly, the target element for the event. for example: <button label="&xulschoolhello.defaultgreeting.label;" oncommand="xulschoolchrome.browseroverlay.changegreeting(event);" /> then on the javascript code you would have something like this: changegreeting : function(aevent) { // more stuff aevent.target.setattribute("label", somenewgreeting); } the target in this example is the button element, so clicking on it will change its text. the advantage of using the event argument is that the method is not dependent of the specific button, so it can also be used for other elements. for more advan...
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Using Breakpoints in Venkman - Archive of obsolete content
this article continues a series of articles on venkman that began with venkman introduction. one of the basic tasks of debugging any language is setting breakpoints. breakpoints are places in code where execution is suspended. when you set a breakpoint in a debugging application such as venkman, you can take advantage of the suspension to examine variables, objects, and other featues of the execution. this article describes breakpoints in javascript and how to use venkman to set and examine breakpoints. basic breakpoints the stop button and debugger keyword are useful features of the javascript debugger, but when you are debugging deep in code—especially code you have authored yourself and are responsible for troubleshooting—you're going to need breakpoints. types of breakpoints ve...
...hard breakpoints can only exist in the context of a function currently "live" in the browser. hard breakpoints are the ones that actually stop program execution. ...
...kpoint as soon as it is possible. future breakpoints are used when you want to stop in a script that has not yet been compiled. the most common use of future breakpoints is to stop in a "top level" script (script that executes outside of any function), or script that executes during the onload event of a page. ...
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Anatomy of a video game - Game development
if something looks like it should be attached to a more infrequent event then it is often a good idea to break it out of the main loop (but not always). building a main loop in javascript javascript works best with events and callback functions. modern browsers strive to call methods right as they are needed and idle (or do their other tasks) in the gaps. ...
... a callback function must be passed in to it when it is called. that callback function will be executed at a suitable time before the next repaint. ...
...}; main(); // start the cycle note: in each of the main() methods discussed here, we schedule a new requestanimationframe before performing our loop contents. that is not by accident and it is considered best practice. calling the next requestanimationframe early ensures the browser receives it on time to plan accordingly even if your current frame misses its vsync window. the above chunk of code has two statements. the first statement creates a function as a global variable called main(). this function does some work and also tells the browser to call itself next frame with window.requestanimationframe(). the second statement calls the main() function, defined in the first statement. because main() is called once in the second statement and every call of it places itself in the queue of ...
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Positioning - Learn web development
ns the different position values, and how to use them. prerequisites: html basics (study introduction to html), and an idea of how css works (study introduction to css.) objective: to learn how css positioning works. we'd like you to follow along with the exercises on your local computer, if possible — grab a copy of 0_basic-flow.html from our github repo (source code here) and use that as a starting point. introducing positioning the whole idea of positioning is to allow us to override the basic document flow behavior described above, to produce interesting effects. what if you want to slightly alter the position of some boxes inside a layout from their default layout flow position, to give a slightly quirky, distressed feel? positioning is your tool. or if...
...e following rule to the bottom of your css: .positioned { position: static; background: yellow; } if you now save and refresh, you'll see no difference at all, except for the updated background color of the 2nd paragraph. ...
... so how do you modify the element's position? you need to use the top, bottom, left, and right properties, which we'll explain in the next section. ...
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How CSS is structured - Learn web development
er: 1px solid black;">hello world!</h1> <p style="color:red;">this is my first css example</p> </body> </html> avoid using css in this way when possible. it is the opposite of a best practice. first, it is the least efficient implementation of css for maintenance. one styling change might require multiple edits within in a single web page. second, inline css also mixes (css) presentational code with html and content, making everything more difficult to read and understand. separating code and content makes maintenance easier for all who work on the the website. there are a few circumstances where inline styles are more common. you might have to resort to using inline styles if your working environment is very restrictive. for example, perhaps your cms only allows you to edit the html b...
... as an altenative, you can also use the interactive editor below. read on and have fun! selectors a selector targets html to apply styles to content. we have already discovered a variety of selectors in the getting started with css tutorial. if css is not applying to content as-expected, your selector may not match the way you think it should match. each css rule starts w...
... color: red; } p { color: blue; } suppose that in our html document, we have a paragraph with a class of special. both rules apply. which selector prevails? do you expect to see blue or red paragraph text? <p class="special">what color am i?</p> the css language has rules to control which selector is stronger in the event of a conflict. these rules are called cascade and specificity. in the code block below, we define two rules for the p selector, but the paragraph text will be blue. this is because the declaration that sets the paragraph text to blue appears later in the stylesheet. later styles replace conflicting styles that appear earlier in the stylesheet. this is the cascade rule. p { color: red; } p { color: blue; } however, in the case of our earlier example with the confl...
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Aprender y obtener ayuda - Learn web development
s an obvious one, with channels such as mozilla layout land, mozilladeveloper, and google chromedevelopers providing many useful videos. many people prefer textual articles for more in-depth learning and reference material, and videos for quick explanations of concepts and new features, but it is really up to you what you prefer to learn from. there is no right and wrong answer here. ...
...ople prefer textual articles for more in-depth learning and reference material, and videos for quick explanations of concepts and new features, but it is really up to you what you prefer to learn from. there is no right and wrong answer here. interactive code playgrounds you might be the kind of person that prefers minimal instructions and would prefer to jump straight in and start playing with code. this is also a reasonable approach, and some learning sites tend to favor it. ...
...videos for quick explanations of concepts and new features, but it is really up to you what you prefer to learn from. there is no right and wrong answer here. interactive code playgrounds you might be the kind of person that prefers minimal instructions and would prefer to jump straight in and start playing with code. this is also a reasonable approach, and some learning sites tend to favor it. codecademy for example is a learning site where the tutorials mainly consist of interactive code editors where you have to directly write code and see if the desired result was achieved. ...
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Command line crash course - Learn web development
l is software that starts and connects to a shell. a shell is your session and session environment (where things like the prompt and shortcuts might be customised). the command line is the literal line where you enter commands and the cursor blinks. do you have to use the terminal? although there's a great wealth of tools available from the command line, if you're using tools like visual studio code there's also a mass of extensions that can be used as a proxy to using terminal commands without needing to use the terminal directly. however, you won’t find a code editor extension for everything you want to do — you’ll have to get some experience with the terminal eventually. basic built-in terminal commands enough talk — let’s start looking at some terminal commands! out of the bo...
...omitting the leading slash like we’ve done above makes the path relative to the your present working directory. this is exactly the same as you would see with urls in your web browser. a leading slash means "at the root of the web site", whereas omitting...
...our terminal command out inside a text editor, figure out how you think it should look, and then make a backup copy of your directory and try running the command on that first, to test it. another good tip — if you’re not comfortable trying terminal commands out on your own machine, a nice safe place to try them is over at glitch.com. along with being a great place to try out web development code, the projects also give you access to a terminal, so you can run all these commands directly in that terminal, safe in the knowledge that you won’t break your own machine. a great resource for getting a quick overview of specific terminal commands is tldr.sh. this is a community-driven documentation service, similar to mdn, but specific to terminal commands. in the next section let’s step...
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Android-specific test suites
all of these suites require a functioning build of firefox for android — either a full build or an artifact build. all of the suites are configured by and invoked using gradle. android-test runs android-specific local unit tests. ...
... all of these suites require a functioning build of firefox for android — either a full build or an artifact build. all of the suites are configured by and invoked using gradle. android-test runs android-specific local unit tests. ...
... all of these suites require a functioning build of firefox for android — either a full build or an artifact build. all of the suites are configured by and invoked using gradle. android-test runs android-specific local unit tests. ...
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Limitations of chrome scripts
to the content process". this is one of a pair of articles: the other one lists limitations of frame scripts. compatibility shims for many of the patterns described here we've implemented compatibility shims so the patterns still work. for example: whenever extensions try to access web content from the chrome process, the browser will return a cross process object wrapper that gives the chrome code synchronous access to the content. you'll get the shims for your add-on by default, unless you set the multiprocesscompatible flag in your add-on's install manifest. however, these shims are not a substitute for migrating extensions: they are only a temporary measure, and will be removed eventually they can have a bad effect on responsiveness there are likely to be edge cases in which they...
...ess firefox as well as how are shims try to paper over the problem. for each pattern we've noted: whether a shim exists and what kind of behavior it provides how to update your add-on so you don't need the shim gbrowser.contentwindow, window.content... without the shim all apis in the chrome process that provide direct access to content objects will no longer work. ...
...this case, the shim will return a javascript object that looks somewhat like a window or a document for about:blank. however, this "dummy" object is completely static and only exposes a few of the normal properties that windows and documents have. for this reason, add-ons that try to access content objects in fresh <browser> elements may run into trouble. to make the shim unnecessary: factor the code that needs to access content into a separate script, load that script into the content process as a frame script, and communicate between the chrome script and the frame script using the message-passing apis. see the article on using the message manager. limitations of cpows cross process object wrappers (cpows) are a migration aid giving chrome code synchronous access to content objects. howev...
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Message manager overview
in multiprocess firefox there are (at least) two processes: the chrome process, also called the parent process, runs the browser ui (chrome) code and code inserted by extensions one or more content processes, also called child processes. these processes run web content. message managers are designed to enable chrome-privileged javascript code in one process to communicate with chrome-privileged javascript code in a different process. this article describes the different types of message manager, how to access them, and at a high level, what sorts of things you can use them for. ...
...hrome-privileged javascript code in one process to communicate with chrome-privileged javascript code in a different process. this article describes the different types of message manager, how to access them, and at a high level, what sorts of things you can use them for. at the top level, there are two different sorts of message managers: frame message managers: these enable chrome process code to load a script into a browser frame (essentially, a single browser tab) in the content process. these scripts are called frame scripts, and as the name suggests, they are scoped to a specific browser frame. if chrome code wants to run code in the content process so it can access web content, this is usually the sort of message manager to use. process message managers: these correspond to proce...
...rowser frame (essentially, a single browser tab) in the content process. these scripts are called frame scripts, and as the name suggests, they are scoped to a specific browser frame. if chrome code wants to run code in the content process so it can access web content, this is usually the sort of message manager to use. process message managers: these correspond to process boundaries, and enable code running in the parent (chrome) process to communicate with code running in the child (content) process. ...
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Examples
callback is specified and the return value of the last then method is ignored. if the file existence check fails, for example because access is denied, promise is rejected with an os.file.error instance. this state will propagate to newpomise, and components.utils.reporterror will report all the details of the exception to the console. ...
...dir); }); }).then(null, components.utils.reporterror); parallel promise (this example needs more work) so when chaining promises, consequent promises run after the previous promise completes. now what if we want to run multiple promises and then return when all are done? this is accomplished by using promise.all, this feature requires promise.jsm. ...
...).then(null, components.utils.reporterror); parallel promise (this example needs more work) so when chaining promises, consequent promises run after the previous promise completes. now what if we want to run multiple promises and then return when all are done? this is accomplished by using promise.all, this feature requires promise.jsm. ...
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Localization content best practices
note on localizers mozilla localizers are volunteers with very diverse technical skills: some of them rely exclusively on translation tools, others prefer to work directly with text editors and don't have problems working with vcs systems. ...
... note on localizers mozilla localizers are volunteers with very diverse technical skills: some of them rely exclusively on translation tools, others prefer to work directly with text editors and don't have problems working with vcs systems. ...
... are temporary, they shouldn't be exposed to the localization process. this would waste everybody's time and create unnecessary frustration: localizers have to translate strings that are destined to change, developers will need to use new ids later to update them. if you're reviewing a patch, check also strings for grammar errors, capitalization or inconsistencies. ...
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Tutorial: Embedding Rhino
objects exposed to scripts can be customized further. this tutorial leads you through the steps from a simple embedding to more customized, complex embeddings. fully compilable examples are provided along the way. the examples live in the rhino/examples directory in the distribution and in mozilla/js/rhino/examples in cvs. this document will link to them using lxr. in this document, javascript code will be in green, java code will be in green, and shell logs will be in purple. in this document: runscript: a simple embedding entering a context initializing standard objects collecting the arguments evaluating a script printing the result exiting the context expose java apis using java apis implementing interfaces adding java objects using java...
...from the command line, execute it, and print a result. here's an example use of runscript from a shell command line: $ java runscript "math.cos(math.pi)" -1 $ java runscript "function f(x){return x+1} f(7)" 8 note that you'll have to have both the rhino classes and the runscript example class file in the classpath. let's step through the body of main one line at time. entering a context the code context cx = context.enter(); creates and enters a context. a context stores information about the execution environment of a script. initializing standard objects the code scriptable scope = cx.initstandardobjects(); initializes the standard objects (object, function, etc.) this must be done before scripts can be executed. the null parameter tells initstandardobjects to create and return...
...ores information about the execution environment of a script. initializing standard objects the code scriptable scope = cx.initstandardobjects(); initializes the standard objects (object, function, etc.) this must be done before scripts can be executed. the null parameter tells initstandardobjects to create and return a scope object that we use in later calls. collecting the arguments this code is standard java and not specific to rhino. it just collects all the arguments and concatenates them together. string s = ""; for (int i=0; i < args.length; i++) { s += args[i]; } evaluating a script the code object result = cx.evaluatestring(scope, s, "<cmd>", 1, null); uses the context cx to evaluate a string. evaluation of the script looks up variables in scope, and errors will be r...
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64-bit Compatibility
what widths are the random typedefs everywhere? the following types or typedefs are always 64-bit on 64-bit platforms, and 32-bit on 32-bit platforms: pointers uintptr_t, intptr_t, ptrdiff_t, (probably) size_t jsval jsuword, jsword length of a string, though the actual length cannot exceed 30 bits jsuintptr, jsintptr, jsptrdiff, jsuptrdiff, jssize, jsuword, jsword (let's not use these, kthx) the following types are 32-bit on 32-bit platforms. ...
... following types are 32-bit on 32-bit platforms. for all intents and purposes they are also 32-bit on 64-bit platforms: intn, uintn jsintn, jsuintn, jsbool general problems with pointers when performing bitwise operations on pointer values, make sure that both operands are 64-bit. the compiler can implicitly sign or zero extend operands with unintended side effects. for example, consider this code: #define pointer_tagbits 3 static inline uintptr_t unmaskpointer(uintptr_t v) { return v & ~pointer_tagbits; } the value 3 will be inverted to 0xfffffffc, then zero-extended to 0x00000000fffffffc - a subtle and nasty bug, assuming it is unintended. the best way to fix this is to make types explicit, such as: const uintptr_t pointer_tagbits = 3 or by using a cast inside the macro. this s...
...e_i - 32-bit integer argsize_q - 64-bit integer argsize_p - 32-bit integer on 32-bit platforms, 64-bit integer on 64-bit platforms. remember to use argsize_p where appropriate - on pointers or natively sized integers (including jsvals). similarly, when adding types to jsbuiltins.h, remember to use _js_ptr for pointer-width values. lir safety it is not immediately clear from reading lir which opcodes should be used for 64-bit safety. if you make a mistake, there's an extremely good chance the sanityfilter in nanojit will catch it while generating code. if this happens you will get an assert that points directly to the ill-typed lir. not all pointer-width values are actually pointers. to avoid equivocating, the rest of this article will use the term "native integers". a native integer is the ...
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Secure Development Guidelines
the following content will likely see significant revision, though can be used as a reference for security best practices to follow when developing code for mozilla. introduction provide developers with information on specific security issues cover common coding mistakes and how they affect a product how to avoid making them how to mitigate them everything is oriented toward c/c++ introduction: gaining control specifics about the underlying architecture, using x86 as an example 6 basic registers (eax, ebx, ecx, edx, edi, esi) 2 stack-related registers (esp, ebp) mark top and bottom of current stack frame status register (eflags) contains various state information instruction pointer (eip) points to register being executed; can’t be modifi...
...ol over the eip otherwise the attacker can try to control memory pointed to by an existing function pointer a vulnerability is required to modify the eip or sensitive memory saved return addr or function pointer get altered introduction: gaining control (3) common issues used to gain control buffer overflows format string bugs integer overflows/underflows writing secure code: input validation input validation most vulnerabilities are a result of un-validated input always perform input validation could save you without knowing it examples: if it doesn’t have to be negative, store it in an unsigned int if the input doesn’t have to be > 512, cut it off there if the input should only be [a-za-z0-9], enforce it cross site scripting (xss) x...
... xss: example the following snippet of javascript: document.write("welcome to " + document.location); ... is exploitable...
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Animated PNG graphics
ics (png) format, adding support for animated images. it is intended to be a replacement for simple animated images that have traditionally used the gif format, while adding support for 24-bit images and 8-bit transparency. apng is a simpler alternative to mng, providing a spec suitable for the most common usage of animated images on the internet. apng is backwards-compatible with png; any png decoder should be able to ignore the apng-specific chunks and display a single image. terminology the default image is the image described by the standard 'idat' chunks, and is the image that is displayed by decoders that do not support apng. the canvas is the area on the output device on which the frames are to be displayed. the contents of the canvas are not necessarily available to the decoder. as...
...e png specification, if a 'bkgd' chunk exists it may be used to fill the canvas if there is no preferrable background. the output buffer is a pixel array with dimensions specified by the width and height parameters of the png 'ihdr' chunk. conceptually, each frame is constructed in the output buffer before being composited onto the canvas. the contents of the output buffer are available to the decoder. the corners of the output buffer are mapped to the corners of the canvas. fully transparent black means red, green, blue and alpha components are all set to zero. for purposes of chunk descriptions, an unsigned int shall be a 32-bit unsigned integer in network byte order limited to the range 0 to (2^32)-1; an unsigned short shall be a 16-bit unsigned integer in network byte order with the ran...
...d integer in network byte order with the range 0 to (2^16)-1; and a byte shall be an 8-bit unsigned integer with the range 0 to (2^8)-1. error handling apng is designed to allow incremental display of frames before the entire image has been read. this implies that some errors may not be detected until partway through the animation. it is strongly recommended that when any error is encountered decoders should discard all subsequent frames, stop the animation, and revert to displaying the default image. a decoder which detects an error before the animation has started should display the default image. an error message may be displayed to the user if appropriate. structure an apng stream is a normal png stream as defined in the png specification, with three additional chunk types describing t...
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nsICryptoHash
ha384 5 secure hash algorithm 384 sha512 6 secure hash algorithm 512 methods finish() completes the hash object and produces the actual hash data. note: this method may be called any time after " .. manch("init") .. " is called. this call resets the object. acstring finish( in prbool aascii ); parameters aascii if true then the returned value is a base-64 encoded string. if false, then the returned value is binary data. return value this method returns a hash of the data that was read by this object. this can be either binary data or a base-64 encoded string. exceptions thrown ns_error_not_initialized indicates that init() or initwithstring() has not been called. init() initialize the hashing object. this method may be called multiple times wi...
... ns_error_not_initialized indicates that init() or initwithstring() has not been called. example computing the hash of a file you can easily compute the hash of a file using nsicryptohash. you will need to create an instance of nsicryptohash, open an input stream from a file, and then update the hash with the file. ...
...this example, while simple, shows most of the functionality of the interfa...
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nsISelectionPrivate
ng: the content of this article may be out of date. this page wasn't updated since the initial import in 2011. see the idl file linked above for up-to-date information. ...
...2011. see the idl file linked above for up-to-date information. ...
...obsolete since gecko 12.0 long gettableselectiontype(in nsidomrange range); void removeselectionlistener(in nsiselectionlistener listenertoremove); void scrollin...
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Console messages - Firefox Developer Tools
that information. message the message itself. number of occurrences if a line that generates a warning or error is executed more than once, it is only logged once and this counter appears to indicate how many times it was encountered. filename and line number for javascript, css and console api messages, the message can be traced to a specific line of code. the console then provides a link to the filename and line number that generated the message. by default, the console is cleared each time you navigate to a new page or reload the current page. to override this behavior, enable persist logs in the console settings menu (gear icon). the context menu options listed below are available on all message categories. additional context menu o...
... method the specific http request method. if the request was made as an xmlhttprequest, there's an additional "xhr" tag indicating this. if more information is available, a disclosure triangle lets you display it, in an embedded panel that is identical to the network monitor request details. uri the target uri. summary the http version, response code, and time taken to complete. clicking the response code takes you to the reference page for that code. the context menu for network messages includes a few extra items in addition the globally-available ones: copy link location acts as you would expect, copying the url into the clipboard open in network panel switches context to the network tab, selects the request and shows you ...
...ands source maps. this means that if your javascript sources are compressed, you can supply a source map for them. then any messages or errors your source generates will show up in the web console with a link back to the original source, not the compressed version. async stack frames stack traces show stack frames for async functions separately from those for synchronous functions. when you run code containing an async function, its traces (console.trace or thrown error) are shown with an async: prefix. css note: css warnings and reflow messages are not shown by default, for performance reasons (see bug 1452143). use the filtering feature to show them. some css messages contain a disclosure triangle at the left of the message. click it to view more information about the error, as well...
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Using the Payment Request API - Web APIs
provides a browser-based method of connecting users and their preferred payment systems and platforms to merchants that they want to pay for goods and services. this article is a guide to making use of the payment request api, with examples and suggested best practices. the basics of making a payment this section details the basics of using the payment request api to make a payment. note: the code snippets from this section are from our feature detect support demo. creating a new payment request object a payment request always starts with the creation of a new paymentrequest object — using the paymentrequest() constructor. this takes two mandatory parameters and one option parameter: methoddata — an object containing information concerning the payment provider, such as what payme...
...ails()); the functions invoked inside the constructor simply return the required object parameters: function buildsupportedpaymentmethoddata() { // example supported payment methods: return [{ supportedmethods: 'basic-card', data: { supportednetworks: ['visa', 'mastercard'], supportedtypes: ['debit', 'credit'] } }]; } function buildshoppingcartdetails() { // hardcoded for demo purposes: return { id: 'order-123', displayitems: [ { label: 'example item', amount: {currency: 'usd', value: '1.00'} } ], total: { label: 'total', amount: {currency: 'usd', value: '1.00'} } }; } starting the payment process once the paymentrequest object has been created, you call the paymentrequest.show() method on it t...
...'success') .then(function() { // for demo purposes: intropanel.style.display = 'none'; successpanel.style.display = 'block'; }); }) this object provides the developer with access to details they can use to complete the logical steps required after the payment completes, such as an email address to contact the customer, a shipping address for mailing goods out to them, etc. in the code above, you'll see that we've called the paymentresponse.complete() method to signal that the interaction has finished — you'd use this to carry out finishing steps, like updating the user interface to tell the user the transaction is complete, etc. other useful payment request methods there are some other useful payment request methods worth knowing about. paymentrequest.canmakepayment() can...
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TransformStream - Web APIs
this is intended as a polyfill for unsupported platforms. ...
...this is intended as a polyfill for unsupported platforms. const t...
...r("cannot send a symbol as a chunk part") break case 'undefined': controller.error("cannot send undefined as a chunk part") default: controller.enqueue(this.textencoder.encode(string(chunk))) break }, flush() { /* do any destructor work here */ } } class anytou8stream extends transformstream { constructor() { super({...transformcontent, textencoder: new textencoder()}) } } polyfilling textencoderstream and textdecoderstream note that this is deprecated by the native constructors. this is intended as a polyfill for unsupported platforms. ...
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Inputs and input sources - Web APIs
ould then look at each input source and find one matching this, if available, falling back to another controller if no controller is in that hand. ...
...then the select event handler is replaced with the function realselecthandler(), which will be used for handling all future select events. ...
... events tell you when you might want to display something to the user indicating that the primary action is going on. this might be drawing a controller with the activated button in a new color, or showing the targeted object being grabbed and moved around, starting when selectstart arrives and stopping when selectend is received. the select event, on the other hand, is the event that tells your code that the user has completed the action they want to complete. this might be as simple as throwing an object or pulling the trigger of a gun in a game, or as involved as placing an object that they were dragging around the world back down again in a new location. if your primary action is a simple trigger action and you don't need to animate anything while the trigger is engaged, you can ignore t...
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WritableStream.WritableStream() - Web APIs
() call is used to write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
... write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
...f the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
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WritableStream - Web APIs
() call is used to write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
... write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
...f the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
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WritableStreamDefaultWriter - Web APIs
rface of the the streams api is the object returned by writablestream.getwriter() and once created locks the writer to the writablestream ensuring that no other streams can write to the underlying sink. constructor writablestreamdefaultwriter() creates a new writablestreamdefaultwriter object instance. properties writablestreamdefaultwriter.closedread only allows you to write code that responds to an end to the streaming process. returns a promise that fulfills if the stream becomes closed or the writer's lock is released, or rejects if the stream errors. writablestreamdefaultwriter.desiredsizeread only returns the desired size required to fill the stream's internal queue. writablestreamdefaultwriter.readyread only returns a promise that resolves when the desired...
...is used to write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
...ach chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
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filter - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
<image xlink:href="/files/3710/test_form_2.jpeg" filter="url(#svgblur)" width="212px" height="161px"/> </svg> </div> </td> <td><img alt="test_form_s.jpg" id="img4" class="internal default" src="/files/3711/test_form_2_s.jpg" style="width: 100%;" /></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> html { height:100%; } body { font: 14px/1.286 "lucida grande", "lucida sans unicode", "dejavu sans", lucida, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); height:100%; overflow:hidden; } #img2 { width:100%; height:auto; -webkit-filter:blur(5px); -ms-filter:blur(5px); filter:blur(5px); } table.standard-table { border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; margin: 0 0 1.286em; height: 100%; width: 85%; } tab...
...ponenttransfer> </filter> <image xlink:href="/files/3708/test_form.jpg" filter="url(#brightness)" width="286px" height="217px" /> </svg><div></td> <td><img alt="test_form_s.jpg" id="img4" class="internal default" src="/files/3709/test_form_s.jpg" style="width: 100%;" /></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> html { height:100%; } body { font: 14px/1.286 "lucida grande","lucida sans unicode","dejavu sans",lucida,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); height:100%; overflow:hidden; } #img2 { width:100%; height:auto; -moz-filter:brightness(2); -webkit-filter:brightness(2); -ms-filter:brightness(2); filter:brightness(2); } table.standard-table { border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 1.
...enttransfer> </filter> <image xlink:href="/files/3712/test_form_3.jpeg" filter="url(#contrast)" width="240px" height="151px" /> </svg><div></td> <td><img alt="test_form_s.jpg" id="img4" class="internal default" src="/files/3713/test_form_3_s.jpg" style="width: 100%;" /></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> html { height:100%; } body { font: 14px/1.286 "lucida grande","lucida sans unicode","dejavu sans",lucida,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); height:100%; overflow:hidden; } #img2 { width:100%; height:auto; -moz-filter:contrast(200%); -webkit-filter:contrast(200%); -ms-filter:contrast(200%); filter:contrast(200%); } table.standard-table { border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0p...
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Writing forward-compatible websites - Developer guides
it's not always possible to follow all of these, but following as many of them as possible will help future-proof your website. ...
...is really a particularly common instance of assuming that one feature (the presence of a particular substring in the user agent (ua) string) implies something about the presence or absence of other features. if you have to ua-sniff, only sniff for past browser versions if you have to resort to ua sniffing, only use it to target past browser versions of particular browsers. ...
...tring) implies something about the presence or absence of other features. if you have to ua-sniff, only sniff for past browser versions if you have to resort to ua sniffing, only use it to target past browser versions of particular browsers. first, have a default code path that runs in unknown browsers and in the current and future versions of browsers you are testing with. then, if the default code path doesn't work in past versions of particular browsers and the breakage cannot be detected by sniffing for the absence of certain features your default code path uses, it's ok to add hacks that are targeted to old versions of particular browsers by sniffing for those old browser versions. for the purpose of this piece of advice, "current" means the most recent version of a browser you have te...
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<input type="tel"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
n the same document. the <datalist> provides a list of predefined values to suggest to the user for this input. any values in the list that are not compatible with the type are not included in the suggested options. the values provided are suggestions, not requirements: users can select from this predefined list or provide a different value. maxlength the maximum number of characters (as utf-16 code units) the user can enter into the telephone number field. this must be an integer value 0 or higher. if no maxlength is specified, or an invalid value is specified, the telephone number field has no maximum length. this value must also be greater than or equal to the value of minlength. the input will fail constraint validation if the length of the text entered into the field is greater than ma...
...r can enter into the telephone number field. this must be an integer value 0 or higher. if no maxlength is specified, or an invalid value is specified, the telephone number field has no maximum length. this value must also be greater than or equal to the value of minlength. the input will fail constraint validation if the length of the text entered into the field is greater than maxlength utf-16 code units long. minlength the minimum number of characters (as utf-16 code units) the user can enter into the telephone number field. this must be an non-negative integer value smaller than or equal to the value specified by maxlength. if no minlength is specified, or an invalid value is specified, the telephone number input has no minimum length. the telephone number field will fail constraint va...
... can enter into the telephone number field. this must be an non-negative integer value smaller than or equal to the value specified by maxlength. if no minlength is specified, or an invalid value is specified, the telephone number input has no minimum length. the telephone number field will fail constraint validation if the length of the text entered into the field is fewer than minlength utf-16 code units long. pattern the pattern attribute, when specified, is a regular expression that the input's value must match in order for the value to pass constraint validation. it must be a valid javascript regular expression, as used by the regexp type, and as documented in our guide on regular expressions; the 'u' flag is specified when compiling the regular expression, so that the pattern is treat...
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Grammar and types - JavaScript
for example, the word früh (which means "early" in german) could be used as a variable name. ...
...ey must be separated by semicolons. ecmascript also has rules for automatic insertion of semicolons (asi) to end statements. (for more information, see the detailed reference about javascript's lexical grammar.) it is considered best practice, however, to always write a semicolon after a statement, even when it is not strictly needed. this practice reduces the chances of bugs getting into the code. the source text of javascript script gets scanned from left to right, and is converted into a sequence of input elements which are tokens, control characters, line terminators, comments, or whitespace. (spaces, tabs, and newline characters are considered whitespace.) comments the syntax of comments is the same as in c++ and in many other languages: // a one line comment /* this is a longer,...
...our application. the names of variables, called identifiers, conform to certain rules. a javascript identifier must start with a letter, underscore (_), or dollar sign ($). subsequent characters can also be digits (0–9). because javascript is case sensitive, letters include the characters "a" through "z" (uppercase) as well as "a" through "z" (lowercase). you can use most of iso 8859-1 or unicode letters such as å and ü in identifiers. (for more details, see this blog post.) you can also use the unicode escape sequences as characters in identifiers. some examples of legal names are number_hits, temp99, $credit, and _name. declaring variables you can declare a variable in two ways: with the keyword var. for example, var x = 42. this syntax can be used to declare both local and glob...
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Inheritance and the prototype chain - JavaScript
console.log(o.d); // undefined // is there a 'd' own property on o? no, check its prototype. // is there a 'd' own property on o.[[prototype]]? no, check its prototype. // o.[[prototype]].[[prototype]] is object.prototype and there is no 'd' property by default, check its prototype. // o.[[prototype]].[[prototype]].[[prototype]] is null, stop searching, // no property found, return undefined. code link setting a property to an object creates an own property. the only exception to the getting and setting behavior rules is when there is an inherited property with a getter or a setter. inheriting "methods" javascript does not have "methods" in the form that class-based languages define them. in javascript, any function can be added to an object in the form of a property. an inherited funct...
...g(p.m()); // 5 // when p.m is called, 'this' refers to p. // so when p inherits the function m of o, // 'this.a' means p.a, the property 'a' of p using prototypes in javascript let's look at what happens behind the scenes in a bit more detail. in javascript, as mentioned above, functions are able to have properties. all functions have a special property named prototype. please note that the code below is free-standing (it is safe to assume there is no other javascript on the webpage other than the below code). for the best learning experience, it is highly recommended that you open a console, navigate to the "console" tab, copy-and-paste in the below javascript code, and run it by pressing the enter/return key. (the console is included in most web browser's developer tools. more informat...
...t matter how you declare the function, a // function in javascript will always have a default // prototype property. // (ps: there is one exception that arrow function doesn't have a default prototype property) var dosomething = function(){}; console.log( dosomething.prototype ); as seen above, dosomething() has a default prototype property, as demonstrated by the console. after running this code, the console should have displayed an object that looks similar to this. { constructor: ƒ dosomething(), __proto__: { constructor: ƒ object(), hasownproperty: ƒ hasownproperty(), isprototypeof: ƒ isprototypeof(), propertyisenumerable: ƒ propertyisenumerable(), tolocalestring: ƒ tolocalestring(), tostring: ƒ tostring(), valueo...
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String.prototype.normalize() - JavaScript
if omitted or undefined, "nfc" is used. these values have the following meanings: "nfc" canonical decomposition, followed by canonical composition. "nfd" canonical decomposition. "nfkc" compatibility decomposition, followed by canonical composition. "nfkd" compatibility decomposition. ...
...turns the unicode normalization form of the string. the source for this interactive example is stored in a github repository. if you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request. syntax str.normalize([form]) parameters form optional one of "nfc", "nfd", "nfkc", or "nfkd", specifying the unicode normalization form. if omitted or undefined, "nfc" is used. these values have the following meanings: "nfc" canonical decomposition, followed by canonical composition. "nfd" canonical decomposition. "nfkc" compatibility decomposition, followed by canonical composition. "nfkd" compatibility decomposition. ...
...", specifying the unicode normalization form. if omitted or undefined, "nfc" is used. these values have the following meanings: "nfc" canonical decomposition, followed by canonical composition. "nfd" canonical decomposition. "nfkc" compatibility decomposition, followed by canonical composition. "nfkd" compatibility decomposition. return value a string containing the unicode normalization form of the given string. errors thrown rangeerror a rangeerror is thrown if form isn't one of the values specified above. description unicode assigns a unique numerical value, called a code point, to each character. for example, the code point for "a" is given as u+0041. ...
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throw - JavaScript
w userexception('invalidmonthno'); } } try { // statements to try var mymonth = 15; // 15 is out of bound to raise the exception var monthname = getmonthname(mymonth); } catch (e) { monthname = 'unknown'; console.error(e.message, e.name); // pass exception object to err handler } another example of throwing an object the following example tests an input string for a u.s. zip code. if the zip code uses an invalid format, the throw statement throws an exception by creating an object of type zipcodeformatexception. /* * creates a zipcode object. * * accepted formats for a zip code are: * 12345 * 12345-6789 * 123456789 * 12345 6789 * * if the argument passed to the zipcode constructor does not * conform to one of these patterns, an exception is thrown. ...
... uses an invalid format, the throw statement throws an exception by creating an object of type zipcodeformatexception. /* * creates a zipcode object. * * accepted formats for a zip code are: * 12345 * 12345-6789 * 123456789 * 12345 6789 * * if the argument passed to the zipcode constructor does not * conform to one of these patterns, an exception is thrown. ...
.../* * creates a zipcode object. * * accepted formats for a zip code are: * 12345 * 12345-6789 * 123456789 * 12345 6789 * * if the argument passed to the zipcode constructor does not * conform to one of these patterns, an exception is thrown. ...
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SVG documentation index - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
phong lighting model. in svg, this can be any non-negative number. 58 direction svg, svg attribute the direction attribute specifies the inline-base direction of a <text> or <tspan> element. it defines the start and end points of a line of text as used by the text-anchor and inline-size properties. it also may affect the direction in which characters are positioned if the unicode-bidi property's value is either embed or bidi-override. 59 display svg, svg attribute the display attribute lets you control the rendering of graphical or container elements. 60 divisor filters, svg, svg attribute the divisor attribute specifies the value by which the resulting number of applying the kernelmatrix of a <feconvolvematrix> element to the inp...
...g attribute the transform-origin svg attribute sets the origin for an item’s transformations. 225 type needscompattable, needsexample, svg, svg attribute, filter the type attribute is a generic attribute and it has different meaning based on the context in which it's used. ...
... sets the origin for an item’s transformations. 225 type needscompattable, needsexample, svg, svg attribute, filter the type attribute is a generic attribute and it has different meaning based on the context in which it's used. ...
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Creating custom Firefox extensions with the Mozilla build system - Archive of obsolete content
ox. all of these documents currently assume, however, that you are developing your extension using xul and javascript only. for complex extensions, it may be necessary to create components in c++ that provide additional functionality. reasons why you might want to include c++ components in your extension include: need for high-performance beyond what can be delivered by javascript code. use of third-party libraries written in c or c++. use of mozilla interfaces that are not exposed via xpcom (e.g. nspr). note: with the modern jit javascript engine in gecko and js-ctypes more extension code can be written only in javascript than ever before. please consider all of your options carefully before deciding to use native code (c++) in your extension. i...
...iles that are to be used directly by other modules. the easiest way to accomplish the latter is to use inline implementations for all methods so you don't have any additional linking dependencies. otherwise you will have to link statically to your module if you use these public headers in other modules. personally i would discourage this practice (among other things, static linking means the same code gets loaded more than once into memory, and the code won't be available from javascript or other non-c++ languages) and encourage the use of xpcom wherever possible. the makefile in the public/ directory should follow this model: depth = ../../.. topsrcdir = @top_srcdir@ srcdir = @srcdir@ vpath = @srcdir@ include $(depth)/config/autoconf.mk module = myextension xp...
....mk xpidl_module is the name of the generated xpt file that contains type information about your idl interfaces. if you have multiple modules, make absolutely sure that you use a different value for xpidl_module for each one. otherwise the first module's xpt file will be overwritten by the second and you'll get ns_error_xpc_bad_iid errors when you try to access its idl interfaces from your code. the files under exports are copied directly to the /mozilla/$(moz_objdir)/dist/include/ directory and are thus accessible from other modules (the value of moz_objdir is defined in /mozilla/.mozconfig). xpidlsrcs are run through the idl processor, and the generated c++ headers are copied into the same include directory. in addition, an xpt (type library) file is generated and placed in the compon...
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Chapter 6: Firefox extensions and XUL applications - Archive of obsolete content
ser files.” set up quicknote for the purposes of this explanation, we’re going to use the file-storage mechanism in quicknote1 for our debugger. install quicknote from the following url and relaunch firefox. https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/46/. after relaunching firefox, activate quicknote. then select tools:quicknote:float to display it in its own window. using venkman read in source code activate venkman, and then select open windows:quicknote.xul:files on the top-left of the screen. double-click on quicknote.js to open it in source-code view (figure 2). fixme: figure 2: selecting source code inserting breakpoints now you’ll want to set some breakpoints. try inserting one within the quicknote_savenote function, around line 345 (figure 3). fixme: figure 3: inserting a break...
...alc.js. update it with the contents of listing 3. run test run the test again. you should see a green bar showing that the test succeeded. implement the subtraction operation now let’s add subtraction. create test case first, add the test case for the subtraction method. open test_calc.js and update it with the method in listing 4. implement in calc.js next we need to add the executable code. this will work much as it did for addition. update calc.js with the method in listing 5. run test if we run the test at this point, we’ll get a red bar. what’s the matter? the screen will display “expected -1, got 1”. somehow, using pop() got the order of the arguments mixed up. so let’s update the _letfunc function as shown in listing 6. if we run the test again, we should get a gr...
...we’re going to use mxr (http://mxr.mozilla.org), a linux so...
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Custom XUL Elements with XBL - Archive of obsolete content
. you should see a new item in the hello world menu, that opens a binding test window where you can add "persons" to a list. xbl basics in order to create an xbl binding you'll need 2 files: the xbl file and a css file that binds an element name to your xbl declaration. if you look into the content directory, you'll see both files: person.xml - this is the main binding file. it holds all the code necessary to control the new element we created. we'll look into the code throughout the rest of this section. for now, just notice the opening part of the binding element: <binding id="person">. bindings.css - this is the file that associates the element name to the xbl file. it associates the xshelloperson element name to the binding defined in the xbl file. since you can have more than one bi...
... for binding elements. notice how the default namespace for the document is xbl, and the xul namespace is defined as "xul". you'll need to keep this in mind when defining the content of the binding, because weird things can happen if you don't add "xul:" to your content nodes. <binding id="person"> in general, you should only have one binding per file. bindings tend to require many lines of code, and having more than one ends up making gigantic, unbrowsable files. on the other hand, if your bindings are small and have a strong relationship with each other, it makes sense to keep them together. as for the css file, it's usually good to have a single file declaring all bindings in your extension. content under the content tag you define the xul content that will be displayed for your ele...
...ur content. the xbl:inherits attribute lets your inner xul use the attributes that are set on the node. so, if you have this: <xshelloperson name="pete" greeting="good morning" image="" />, then those attribute values are "inherited" to the content nodes that have this special attribute. the value attribute of the xul:label element would be "pete". the oncommand attribute of the button has some code you've probably never seen before: document.getbindingparent(this). this code gets the dom object that corresponds to the xshelloperson tag, allowing you access to its methods and properties. in this case we're calling the remove method, which we will discuss later on. if you need to create a container element, or any other element that has child nodes, you can use the xbl children tag in your ...
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Index of archived content - Archive of obsolete content
n logging modifying web pages based on url modifying the page hosted by a tab open a web page troubleshooting unit testing using xpcom without chrome using third-party modules (jpm) bootstrapped extensions code snippets alerts and notifications autocomplete bookmarks boxes canvas code snippets cookies customizing the download progress bar delayed execution dialogs and prompts downloading files drag & drop embedding svg examples and demos ...
...bookmarks boxes canvas code snippets cookies customizing the download progress bar delayed execution dialogs and prompts downloading files drag & drop embedding svg examples and demos from articles file i/o finding window handles forms related code snippets html in xul for rich tooltips html to dom isdefaultnamespace js xpcom javascript debugger service javascript timers javascript daemons management label and description lookupnamespaceuri lookupprefix m...
... progress listeners queryselector rosetta running applications svg animation svg general scrollbar sidebar stringview tabbox toolbar tree uri parsing view source for xul applications windows xml-related code snippets xml:base support in old browsers xpath getattributens common pitfalls communication between html and your extension creating custom firefox extensions with the mozilla build system custom about: urls default preferences deployin...
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Localizing an extension - Archive of obsolete content
calize into various languages without having to edit the xul or javascript files themselves. if you haven't already created an extension, or would like to refresh your memory, take a look at the previous articles in this series: creating a status bar extension creating a dynamic status bar extension adding preferences to an extension download the sample you can download this article's sample code so you can look at it side-by-side with the article, or to use it as a basis for your own extension. download the sample localizing strings in xul files create the needed locale files each xul file that comprises the user interface for your extension should have a locale file in its locale directory. each locale file maps entity names referenced in the xul files to the strings themselves. the pre...
...watcher2.xul file: <!entity panel_loading "loading..."> <!entity menu_refresh_now.label "refresh now"> <!entity menu_apple.label "apple (aapl)"> <!entity menu_google.label "google (goog)"> <!entity menu_microsoft.label "microsoft (msft)"> <!entity menu_yahoo.label "yahoo (yhoo)"> update the xul files each xul file needs to reference its corresponding locale file. we also need to update the code to use the entities instead of the strings, so that the substitutions take place based on the currently active locale. to add a reference to the correct locale file for a given xul file, we need to add one line to the xul file. to options.xul, we add this line: <!doctype window system "chrome://stockwatcher2/locale/options.dtd"> we add a similar line to the stockwatcher.xul file: <!doctype ove...
...on()"/> do this for every string used in each xul file. update the chrome manifest to let firefox know about the locale files, we need to make a revision to our chrome.manifest file, adding one line for each localization: locale stockwatcher2 en-us chrome/locale/ this instructs firefox that the en-us localization is located in the chrome/locale/en-us directory. localizing strings in javascript code if your javascript code contains literal strings that need to be localized, as does our stock watcher sample, we need to make those localizable as well. we can do this by moving the strings into a string bundle. string bundles are created by establishing a property file that maps keys to string values. for a detailed explanation of how this works, see xul tutorial:property files. create a propert...
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Venkman Introduction - Archive of obsolete content
will make you a more confident web developer and debugger. venkman is both a graphic and a console debugger. features such as breakpoint management, call stack inspection, and variable/object inspection are available from the user interface and from console commands, letting you work in the way you are most accustomed to. the interactive console also allows for execution of arbitrary javascript code. venkman's keyboard shortcuts are the same as leading visual debugging environments, and gdb users should be familiar with venkman's /break, /step, /next, /finish, /frame, and /where commands. on windows, the javascript debugger compares favorably with visual interdev and other large web development tools. on other platforms, including mac os and unix, it is alone in offering this degree of flex...
... in the view customization section below. the scripts that have been loaded by the javascript engine appear in the loaded scripts window (for more information about how scripts are loaded and accessed in venkman, see "loading scripts into the debugger"). the menubar, toolbar, and all of the views can be collapsed or hidden, giving you a lot of control over the debugging environment. the source code view is empty until you select a script, and the interactive session view starts up with basic startup information. each of the views has a label, a float button that lets you display the view in its own window, and a close button that puts the view away until you want to display it again, as seen in figure 2. the following section describes these views and their use within the interface as a w...
...ed you will see a green check mark on the toolbar button, and the menu item will be checked as well. the loaded scripts view the loaded scripts view is in the top left portion of the window. when a file is loaded by the browser it will appear in this view, and when unloaded it will be removed. files are listed in alphabetical order, grouped by file type. file names are displayed after a color coded, single letter icon representing the file extension. figure 6 shows the table of icon and file types. at the time if this writing, the order and grouping of file names cannot be changed. icon file type .js .html, .htm .xul .xml all other files javascript function figure 6. icons in the script view...
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When To Use ifdefs - Archive of obsolete content
in this document, the term is used more loosely to discuss any kind of conditional that differentiates between different build configurations. ...
...in this document, the term is used more loosely to discuss any kind of conditional that differentiates between different build configurations. ...
...in this document, the term is used more loosely to discuss any kind of conditional that differentiates between different build configurations. ...
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Elements - Archive of obsolete content
.org/xbl%22%3e%0a%20%20%3cbinding%20id%3d%22xbltest%22%3e%3ccontent%3epass%3c/content%3e%3c/binding%3e%0a%3c/bindings%3e%0a); } since data: urls don't support fragment identifiers, the first binding found in the embedded xml is used instead. keep in mind that the binding is still required to have an id even though you're not referencing it. in addition, data: urls are only supported from chrome code (in other words, from the application or an extension). note: the normal same-origin policy is used for web sites; they can only link to xbl files on the same domain, or within the chrome. for clarity's sake, here's what the embedded xml in the previous example looks like: <?xml version="1.0"?> <bindings id="xbltestbindings" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/xbl"> <binding id="xbltest"><content>...
...f interfaces that are implemented by the binding. its value is a comma-separated list of named interfaces. if supported, in strongly typed languages the bound element can be referenced not only as any of the interfaces that the element might already support (e.g., htmlelement) but also as any of the interfaces described by this attribute. support of this capability is optional. constructor the code inside the constructor is called when a binding has just been attached to an element. so full access to anonymous nodes generated by the binding is already possible. the constructor tag must be placed inside the implementation tag. id - the id attribute is a document-unique identifier. note: prior to firefox 3, the constructor could be called at a time when reflow of the document layout was...
... get layout information from within the constructor could return out of date information. in firefox 3 and later, the constructor is called when reflow can take place, which results in up-to-date information being returned. see bug 398404 for details. note: all properties of the binding are "imported" as local variables in a constructor's scope. see bug 407314 for more details. destructor the code inside the destructor is called when a binding is being removed from an element. you can use this to unload resources to free memory. however the destructor is often not called when it should, see bug 230086. the destructor tag must be placed inside the implementation tag. id - the id attribute is a document-unique identifier. method <!entity % method-content "(parameter*,body?)"> <!element...
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XUL Questions and Answers - Archive of obsolete content
ocumentation on search plugins is available in the search plugins category. is localizing remote xul possible? loading remote dtds for xml documents is currenty not supported in xul. the following bugs were reported on this issue: bug 22942, bug 133698. is there an editor widget in xul that supports syntax highlighting? daniel glazman has been working on this for his projects. he said the code will be open-source, but it is not released yet (as of oct 2006). some teasers are on his blog. overlaying elements without ids the original developers only tend to put ids where they need them. as an extension author, you have at least two options: use dom methods to dynamically create or rearrange elements file an enhancement request in bugzilla to have extra ids added. displaying g...
...n a mac? unfortunately, no simple solution to this was posted. a workaround is to open the content in a new window using "window.open" and send titlebar=”no” as one of the flags in the 3rd argument. is it possible to have checkbox support for multi column lists? the current issue is a person exploring if it is possible to have checkbox support for multi column lists. ...
... to use dynamic objects in toolbar there may be a few ways to implement this: by building your menupopup from an rdf datasource, which could be generated on the server. by getting data (e.g. json string) from the server, parsing it on client, and building the menupopup using dom methods (such as document.createelementns). by getting data as xml from the server. (server can just send the xul code to use for popup - alternatively it can send generic xml describing the attributes of the items in the menu and you generate the xul on client by applying an xslt transform.) can i change a xul tree cell/row/item background color with javascript? to set the background color you need to set the property for the cell/row and not for the item. an example of this is: var tree = document.getelem...
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Common causes of memory leaks in extensions - Extensions
ed to be aware of the practices that caused these leaks, as the fix causes many add-ons which would have otherwise caused a leak to instead throw errors when attempting to access nodes from documents which no longer exist. storing references to window objects and dom nodes the most common problem is extensions holding onto references to content windows for too long. for example, in xul overlay code: var contentwindows = []; function inbrowserxuloverlay(contentwindow) { // forgetting or failing to pop the content window thing again contentwindows.push(contentwindow); } this will keep the content window compartments alive until the browser window is closed. users often only open a single browser window per session and use tabs, in which case the leaked compartments will live for the wh...
...tments alive until the browser window is closed. users often only open a single browser window per session and use tabs, in which case the leaked compartments will live for the whole life of the session. a similar problem is holding onto window objects or dom nodes (such as window.document) for too long by storing them in a javascript module. for example: var windows = []; function injavascriptcodemodule(window) { // forgetting or failing to pop the window again windows.push(window); } both of these cases can happen if you forget to declare local variables with var or let, which means they end up belonging to the global scope. for example: function implicitdeclarationleak(window) { // implicit variable declaration in the js global, holding a strong ref to the document doc = windo...
... local variables with var or let, which means they end up belonging to the global scope. for example: function implicitdeclarationleak(window) { // implicit variable declaration in the js global, holding a strong ref to the document doc = window.document; } implicitly declared variables can be avoided by using ecmascript 5's strict mode. strict mode also excludes several other error-prone code patterns. for some examples found in real-world add-ons, see bug 712733, bug 725875, and bug 727552. to avoid these issues, references to dom nodes in foreign document should instead be stored in an object which is specific to that document, and cleaned up when the document is unloaded, or stored as weak references. be careful with setinterval/settimeout using window.setinterval() or window...
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Paddle and keyboard controls - Game development
« previousnext » this is the 4th step out of 10 of the gamedev canvas tutorial. you can find the source code as it should look after completing this lesson at gamedev-canvas-workshop/lesson4.html. the ball is bouncing off the walls freely and you can watch it indefinitely, but currently there's no interactivity. it's not a game if you cannot control it! so let's add some user interaction: a controllable paddle. defining a paddle to hit the ball so, we need a paddle to hit the ball. let's define a few variables for that. add the following variables near the top of your code, beside your other variables: var paddleheight = 10; var paddlewidth = 75; var paddlex = (canvas.width-paddlewidth) / 2; here we're defining the height and width of the paddle and its starting point on th...
...let's create a function that will draw the paddle on the screen. ...
...ll(); ctx.closepath(); } allowing the user to control the paddle we can draw the paddle wherever we want, but it should respond to the user's actions. it's time to implement some keyboard controls. we will need the following: two variables for storing information on whether the left or right control button is pressed. two event listeners for keydown and keyup events. we want to run some code to handle the paddle movement when the buttons are pressed. two functions handling the keydown and keyup events the code that will be run when the buttons are pressed. the ability to move the paddle left and right pressed buttons can be defined and initialized with boolean variables like in the example. add these lines somewhere near the rest of your variables: var rightpressed = false; var...
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Storing the information you need — Variables - Learn web development
eal basics, looking at how to work with the most basic building blocks of javascript — variables. prerequisites: basic computer literacy, a basic understanding of html and css, an understanding of what javascript is. objective: to gain familiarity with the basics of javascript variables. tools you need throughout this article, you'll be asked to type in lines of code to test your understanding of the content. if you are using a desktop browser, the best place to type your sample code is your browser's javascript console (see what are browser developer tools for more information on how to access this tool). what is a variable? a variable is a container for a value, like a number we might use in a sum, or a string that we might use as part of a sentence. but ...
...part of a sentence. but one special thing about variables is that their contained values can change. let's look at a simple example: <button>press me</button> const button = document.queryselector('button'); button.onclick = function() { let name = prompt('what is your name?'); alert('hello ' + name + ', nice to see you!'); } in this example pressing the button runs a couple of lines of code. the first line pops a box up on the screen that asks the reader to enter their name, and then stores the value in a variable. the second line displays a welcome message that includes their name, taken from the variable value. to understand why this is so useful, let's think about how we'd write this example without using a variable. it would end up looking something like this: let name = promp...
...'bella') { alert('hello bella, nice to see you!'); } else if (name === 'bianca') { alert('hello bianca, nice to see you!'); } else if (name === 'chris') { alert('hello chris, nice to see you!'); } // ... and so on ... you may not fully understand the syntax we are using (yet!), but you should be able to get the idea — if we didn't have variables available, we'd have to implement a giant code block that checked what the entered name was, and then display the appropriate message for any name. this is obviously really inefficient (the code is a lot bigger, even for only five choices), and it just wouldn't work — you couldn't possibly store all possible choices. variables just make sense, and as you learn more about javascript they will start to become second nature. another special ...
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What went wrong? Troubleshooting JavaScript - Learn web development
r fear — this article aims to save you from tearing your hair out over such problems by providing you with some tips on how to find and fix errors in javascript programs. prerequisites: basic computer literacy, a basic understanding of html and css, an understanding of what javascript is. objective: to gain the ability and confidence to start fixing problems in your own code. types of error generally speaking, when you do something wrong in code, there are two main types of error that you'll come across: syntax errors: these are spelling errors in your code that actually cause the program not to run at all, or stop working part way through — you will usually be provided with some error messages too. these are usually okay to fix, as long as you are famil...
...these are often harder to fix than syntax errors, as there usually isn't an error message to direct you to the source of the error. okay, so it's not quite that simple — there are some other differentiators as you drill down deeper. ...
...s in greater detail. the name of the javascript file, which links through to the debugger tab of the developer tools. if you follow this link, you'll see the exact line where the error is highlighted. the line number where the error is, and the character number in that line where the error is first seen. in this case, we've got line 86, character number 3. if we look at line 86 in our code editor, we'll find this line: guesssubmit.addeventlistener('click', checkguess); the error message says "guesssubmit.addeventlistener is not a function", which means that the function we're calling is not recognized by the javascript interpreter. often, this error message actually means that we've spelled something wrong. if you are not sure of the correct spelling of a piece of syntax, it i...
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Framework main features - Learn web development
to updating the dom, handling browser events, and providing an enjoyable developer experience. this article will explore the main features of “the big 4” frameworks, looking at how frameworks tend to work from a high level, and the differences between them. prerequisites: familiarity with the core html, css, and javascript languages. objective: to understand the main code features of frameworks. domain-specific languages all of the frameworks discussed in this module are powered by javascript, and all allow you to use domain-specific languages (dsls) in order to build your applications. in particular, react has popularized the use of jsx for writing its components, while ember utilizes handlebars. unlike html, these languages know how to read data variable...
...d"; var header = react.createelement("header", null, react.createelement("h1", null, "hello, ", subject, "!") ); when ultimately rendered by the browser, the above snippet will produce html that looks like this: <header> <h1>hello, world!</h1> </header> handlebars the handlebars templating language is not specific to ember applications, but it is heavily utilized in ember apps. handlebars code resembles html, but it has the option of pulling data in from elsewhere. this data can be used influence the html that an application ultimately builds. like jsx, handlebars uses curly braces to inject the value of a variable. handlebars uses a double-pair of curly braces, instead of a single pair. given this handlebars template: <header> <h1>hello, {{subject}}!</h1> </header> and this data...
...e of a variable. handlebars uses a double-pair of curly braces, instead of a single pair. ...
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Cross Process Object Wrappers
this document describes cross process object wrappers (cpows), which enable chrome code to synchronously access content in multiprocess firefox. note that from firefox 47 onwards, unsafe cpow usage is no longer permitted in browser code. if browser code tries an unsafe cpow operation, the browser will throw an exception and you'll see an "unsafe cpow usage forbidden” error in the browser console. add-on code is still allowed to use cpows "unsafely". however, if an add-on passes a cpow into a platform api, and that platform api then attempts an unsafe operation on it, this will throw an exception. so as a general rule, add-ons should avoid passing cpows into non-addon code. ...
...on and you'll see an "unsafe cpow usage forbidden” error in the browser console. add-on code is still allowed to use cpows "unsafely". however, if an add-on passes a cpow into a platform api, and that platform api then attempts an unsafe operation on it, this will throw an exception. so as a general rule, add-ons should avoid passing cpows into non-addon code. in multiprocess firefox, chrome code runs in a different process from web content. so chrome code can't directly interact with web content: instead, it must factor out the code that interacts with web content into separate scripts that are called frame scripts. chrome code can load frame scripts into the content process using the message manager, and can then communicate with them using a message-passing api. to learn more about th...
...d can then communicate with them using a message-passing api. to learn more about this, see the documentation on using the message manager. chrome to content messaging must be asynchronous. this is because the chrome process runs the firefox ui, so if it were blocked by the content process, then a slow content process could cause firefox to become unresponsive to users. converting synchronous code to be asynchronous can be difficult and time-consuming. as a migration aid, the messaging framework enables frame scripts to make content objects available to chrome through a wrapper called a cross process object wrapper, also known as a cpow. however, although cpows are convenient, they have serious limitations and can cause responsiveness problems, so should only be used when necessary and onl...
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Message manager overview
in the initial version of multiprocess firefox there are two processes: the chrome process, also called the parent process, runs the browser ui (chrome) code and code inserted by extensions the content processes, also called the child processes, run all web content. different tabs may run in different processes. message managers are designed to enable code in one process to communicate with code in a different process. ...
...e) code and code inserted by extensions the content processes, also called the child processes, run all web content. different tabs may run in different processes. message managers are designed to enable code in one process to communicate with code in a different process. at the top level, there are two different sorts of message managers: frame message managers: these enable chrome process code to load a script into a browser frame (essentially, a single browser tab) in the content process. these scripts are called frame scripts, and as the name suggests, they are scoped to a specific browser frame. if chrome code wants to run code in the content process so it can access web content, this is usually the sort of message manager to use. process message managers: these correspond to proce...
...rowser frame (essentially, a single browser tab) in the content process. these scripts are called frame scripts, and as the name suggests, they are scoped to a specific browser frame. if chrome code wants to run code in the content process so it can access web content, this is usually the sort of message manager to use. process message managers: these correspond to process boundaries, and enable code running in the parent (chrome) process to communicate with code running in the child (content) process. ...
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Gecko Keypress Event
gecko 1.9 key handling changed significantly after beta 5 (bug 359638, bug 429510 and the bugs on which they depend). the changes were risky so late in the release schedule, but they were necessary for fixing the many key handling bugs. charcode of dom keypress event if a keypress event is fired without any modifier keys (ctrl/alt(option)/meta(win/command)), then the properties of the event are the same as they were in gecko1.8.1. that is, when the currently selected keyboard layout produces a unicode character (according to the current state of capslock and numlock), the charcode property contains that character. when the keypress event includes modifier keys, sometimes the charcode value is replaced with an ascii character according to the following rules. the accel key depends ...
... state of capslock and numlock), the charcode property contains that character. when the keypress event includes modifier keys, sometimes the charcode value is replaced with an ascii character according to the following rules. the accel key depends on the platform. ctrl is the accel key on windows and linux, while meta (i.e. command) is the accel key on mac. when the accel key is down, the charcode of a keypress event may be replaced with a character from a latin keyboard layout only when the original character is not an ascii character. this behavior helps the internationalization of web applications that have custom shortcut keys. ...
...e accel key on windows and linux, while meta (i.e. command) is the accel key on mac. when the accel key is down, the charcode of a keypress event may be replaced with a character from a latin keyboard layout only when the original character is not an ascii character. this behavior helps the internationalization of web applications that have custom shortcut keys. if gecko doesn't replace the charcode with an ascii character, the web application developers would need to consider all non-latin keyboard layouts (arabic, greek, hebrew, russian, etc.). the charcode value depends on the state of capslock and numlock (except they are currently ignored if alt (option) is down on mac - see bug 432953). there are also some differences between the platforms, as described in the following sections. win...
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CustomizableUI.jsm
it is available in the firefox window as the customizableui property on the window. if you want to use it from a jsm or another context without a window reference, you need to import it yourself: components.utils.import("resource:///modules/customizableui.jsm"); introduction the module is intended for two primary purposes: allow adding, moving and removing customizable widgets. manage the areas in which these widgets are shown. ...
...s, and mostly abstracts the dom away from you. the lifetime of your widget should be identical to the lifetime of the add-on - it's process-global, so if you call createwidget on bootstrap's "startup" and destroywidget on bootstrap's "shutdown", that's enough. listeners customizableui provides a way to listen for various bits of customization happening. this can be useful if other parts of the code need to react to changes in the customization of the user interface. in order to use this facility, you should create a plain js object which defines some of the event handlers defined below. not all event handler methods need to be defined. customizableui will catch exceptions. events are dispatched synchronously on the ui thread, so if you can delay any/some of your processing, that is advisab...
...e it was added. beginbatchupdate() start a batch update of items. during a batch update, the customization state is not saved to the user's preferences file, in order to reduce (possibly sync) io. calls to begin/endbatchupdate may be nested. callers should ensure that no matter what happens they call endbatchupdate once for each call to beginbatchupdate, even if there are exceptions in the code in the batch update. otherwise, for the duration of the firefox session, customization state is never saved. typically, you would do this using a try...finally block wrapped around your insertion code. endbatchupdate() end a batch update. see the documentation for beginbatchupdate above. state is not saved if we believe it is identical to the last known saved state. state is only ever saved ...
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Following the Android Toasts Tutorial from a JNI Perspective
toast description a toast provides simple feedback about an operation in a small popup. ...
...ge, and the current activity remains visible and interactive. for example, navigating away from an email before you send it triggers a "draft saved" toast to let you know that you can continue editing later. toasts automatically disappear after a timeout. toasts do not have to be created with jni; they are exposed by the nativewindow feature on firefox for android, see toast documentation. ...
...le and interactive. for example, navigating away from an email before you send it triggers a "draft saved" toast to let you know that you can continue editing later. toasts automatically disappear after a timeout. toasts do not have to be created with jni; they are exposed by the nativewindow feature on firefox for android, see toast documentation. ...
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Mozilla DOM Hacking Guide
seriously hacking on it requires excellent knowledge of c++ and xpcom, mozilla's own component model. in this document i will try to outline the main aspects of the implementation, beginning with the class info mechanism, which lies at the heart of the dom, then with the description of various interfaces and classes. ...
... and xpconnect. before we begin the explanation of class info, i'd like to introduce quickly the javascript engine and xpconnect. in javascript, there is no knowledge of types, like there is in c++. a function for example can be represented by a jsfunction, a jsobject, a jsval, ... this means that when we use the dom from javascript, we pass arguments that have no type. however, since the dom is coded in c++, we expect to receive an argument of the correct type for our function. this is one of the jobs of xpconnect. xpconnect will "wrap" the argument in a wrapper that will be of the type expected by our c++ function. similarly, then return type of the c++ function will be wrapped by xpconnect so that javascript can use it safely. when, in javascript, a client tries to access a dom object or ...
...cscriptable interface, implemented by the nsdomclassinfo class (see section) defines several flags, one of which is the want_getproperty flag. when set, it allows us to define a getproperty() function on nshistorysh (the helper class for the history object), which will handle the array behavior. indeed, it will forward the call history[1] to history.item(1), which is defined in the idl and easily coded. the relevant code is at nsdomclassinfo.cpp, around line 4520. these two examples demonstrate the power of the dom combined with xpconnect and the javascript engine. the possibilities are endless. "what do you want to code today?" ;-) all the dom classes are listed in an enum defined in nsidomclassinfo.h, nsdomclassinfoid. there are classes for the dom0, core dom, html, xml, xul, xbl, range, c...
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Mozilla Development Strategies
your writing skills, keep in mind that our helpful, happy documentation gnomes will follow along behind you and clean up for you. note: you can mark the bug with this keyword at any time; you don't need to wait until it's actually fixed. ...
...s will follow along behind you and clean up for you. note: you can mark the bug with this keyword at any time; you don't need to wait until it's actually fixed. take extra time to do it right the first time it's also better to come up with one really solid, well tested, well commented, clean, easy to maintain piece of code than a bunch of quick fixes. you (or someone else) will be back in that code someday. it's easier to do it right once, when your mind is in the problem, than to do it once quickly and then have to come back and do it again the right way. the only thing worse than not understanding someone else's code is not understanding your own. test your code qa's job is to assure quality, not to add quality. that's your job. it's your responsibility to find and fix the problems in y...
...eday. it's easier to do it right once, when your mind is in the problem, than to do it once quickly and then have to come back and do it again the right way. the only thing worse than not understanding someone else's code is not understanding your own. test your code qa's job is to assure quality, not to add quality. that's your job. it's your responsibility to find and fix the problems in your code before checking in. when you land your bug-free code, it's qa's job to assure others that it's really bug free. make sure you appreciate anyone who finds a bug in your code. appreciate it even more if they find it before you ship. they're giving you a second chance to get it right before it becomes a bug that affects users. minimize how you are affected by regressions unless you are the type t...
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Mozilla projects on GitHub
this is a great place to start looking for any projects not listed below. ...
...this is a great place to start looking for any projects not listed below. ...
...this is a great place to start looking for any projects not listed below. ...
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Creating JavaScript jstest reftests
ate.py. writing a new test file please read the high level advice for test writing in the parent article here. jstests has a special requirement: the call to reportcompare in every jstest is required by the test harness. except in old tests or super strange new tests, it should be the last line of the test. comparison functions and shared test functionality the jstest runner loads the code in js/src/tests/shell.js for every test. additionally, it loads every shell.js and broswer.js file in the subdirectories on the path from js/src/tests to the location of your test. if you have functionality several tests share in a given folder, you can add the functionality to the shell.js or broswer.js file in the directory. asserteq asserteq(v1, v2[, message]) checks that v1 and v2 are the s...
... in an unspecified way. for example, reportcompare sometimes considers numbers to be the same if they are "close enough" to each other, even if the == operator would return false. expected = 3; actual = 1 + 2; reportcompare(expected, actual, '3==1+2'); comparesource comparesource(expected, actual, description) is used to test if the decompilation of a javascript object (conversion to source code) matches an expected value. note that tests which use comparesource should be located in the decompilation sub-suite of a suite. for example, to test the decompilation of a simple function you could write: var f = (function () { return 1; }); expect = 'function () { return 1; }'; actual = f + ''; comparesource(expect, actual, 'decompile simple function'); handling shell or browser specific fe...
...runs in the browser. if your test needs to use shell-specific features, like gc(), either: make the test silently pass if those features aren't present; or make it a jit-test (so that it never runs in the browser); or at the top of the test, add the comment // skip-if(!xulruntime.shell), so that it only runs in the shell. ...
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JSAPI Cookbook
argsfromvp(argc, vp); jsobject *global = js_getglobalforobject(cx, &args.callee()); ... } defining a function // javascript function justforfun() { return null; } /* jsapi */ bool justforfun(jscontext *cx, unsigned argc, js::value *vp) { js::callargs args = js::callargsfromvp(argc, vp); args.rval().setnull(); return true; } ... /* * add this to your jscontext setup code. * this makes your c function visible as a global function in javascript. */ if (!js_definefunction(cx, global, "justforfun", &justforfun, 0, 0)) return false; to define many jsapi functions at once, use js_definefunctions. creating an array // javascript var x = []; // or "x = array()", or "x = new array" /* jsapi */ js::rootedobject x(cx, js_newarrayobject(cx, 0)); if (!x) retu...
....setint32(23); return true; returning a floating-point number // javascript return 3.14159; /* jsapi */ js::callargs args = js::callargsfromvp(argc, vp); args.rval().setdouble(3.14159); exception handling throw the most common idiom is to create a new error object and throw that. js_reporterror does this. note that javascript exceptions are not the same thing as c++ exceptions. the jsapi code also has to return false to signal failure to the caller. // javascript throw new error("failed to grow " + varietal + ": too many greenflies."); /* jsapi */ js_reporterror(cx, "failed to grow %s: too many greenflies.", varietal); return false; to internationalize your error messages, and to throw other error types, such as syntaxerror or typeerror, use js_reporterrornumber instead. javascr...
...eerror, use js_reporterrornumber instead. javascript also supports throwing any value at all, not just error objects. use js_setpendingexception to throw an arbitrary js::value from c/c++. ...
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SpiderMonkey 1.8.7
spidermonkey 1.8.5 is the javascript engine that shipped in firefox 4.0. ...
...key 1.8.7 is supported on all the platforms where firefox 10 runs. spidermonkey 1.8.7 includes type inference, which boosts the speed of the jägermonkey jit by about 30% over version 1.8.5. type inference largely obviates tracemonkey, so the tracemonkey jit has been removed. the jit is supported only on x86, x86_64 and arm architectures. on other platforms, the jit is simply disabled; javascript code runs in an interpreter, as in previous versions. it's the same language, just not as fast. migrating to spidermonkey 1.8.7 this covers migrating from version 1.8.5. see the 1.8.5 release notes for information on migrating from earlier versions. the following features in earlier versions of spidermonkey have been dropped. xxx is there anything here? spidermonkey 1.8.7 is not binary-compatible w...
...versions. it's the same language, just not as fast. migrating to spidermonkey 1.8.7 this covers migrating from version 1.8.5. see the 1.8.5 release notes for information on migrating from earlier versions. the following features in earlier versions of spidermonkey have been dropped. xxx is there anything here? spidermonkey 1.8.7 is not binary-compatible with previous releases, nor is it source-code compatible. many jsapi types, functions, and callback signatures have changed, though most of them still have the same names and do the same things. applications will need significant changes, but most of those changes will be detected by the c/c++ compiler, so they are easy to detect and updating the code is a fairly straightforward job. here is a list of the most significant changes. xxx is t...
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Web Replay
between recording and replay. if this difference can affect the recording, the weak pointer must be instrumented so that during replay it holds onto its target for the same duration it was held while recording. recording a recording content process differs from a normal content process in the following ways: calls to certain functions are intercepted by hooking them (rewriting the machine code at their entry points to call a different function with the same signature), including the function used to dispatch mach messages. when a call or message is intercepted, the wrapped call/message is first performed normally and then it and its outputs are recorded in a data stream for the thread performing the call. during execution of the wrapped call/message, recording of any inner calls is s...
..., section above. the ipc, rewind, and debugger components are all active while recording. these spawn a number of threads which do not participate in the recording: any events they execute are live. see the sections below for details on how these affect the process' behavior. to make it easier to ensure that the non-deterministic components do not have an effect on recorded behavior, certain code regions can be marked as disallowing events — while executing them no thread, lock, or atomic events should be recorded. this is done in code associated with the non-deterministic components, such as during gc or ion compilation, to help track down behaviors that should go unrecorded. replaying a replaying content process behaves in the same way as a recording process, except for the followi...
... or restoring a snapshot they should be in a consistent state for the child process. constraints are used for when messages may be sent between the middleman and child process, ensuring that the middleman process cannot send a message at a time when the child process may be rewinding. debugger integration when debugging a normal content process, the devtools js debugger runs quite a bit of js code in the content process, communicating with the chrome process primarily through streams of json data. when debugging a child content process, this js code runs in the middleman process. when the code creates a debugger object, that debugger provides information about the child process rather than the current (middleman) process. while the debugger can indicate it is for a child process, the in...
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nsIDOMWindowUtils
void removesheet(in nsiuri sheeturi, in unsigned long type); void resumetimeouts(); void sendcompositionevent(in astring atype); obsolete since gecko 9 void sendcompositionevent(in astring atype, in astring adata, in astring alocale); obsolete since gecko 38.0 void sendcontentcommandevent(in astring atype, [optional] in nsitransferable atransf...
... void sendcompositionevent(in astring atype); obsolete since gecko 9 void sendcompositionevent(in astring atype, in astring adata, in astring alocale); obsolete since gecko 38.0 void sendcontentcommandevent(in astring atype, [optional] in nsitransferable atransferable); void getclassname(in object aobj); boolean sendkeyevent(in astring atype, in long akeycode, in long acharcode, in long amodifiers, [optional] in boolean apreventdefault); obsolete since gecko 15.0 boolean sendkeyevent(in astring atype, in long akeycode, in long acharcode, in long amodifiers, [optional] in unsigned long aadditionalflags); deprecated since gecko 38.0 void sendmouseevent(in astring atype, in float ax, in float ay, in long abutton, in long aclickcount, ...
...ollflags, in long adelta, in long amodifiers); obsolete since gecko 17.0 void sendwheelevent(in float ax, in float ay, in double adeltax, in double adeltay, in double adeltaz, in unsigned long adeltamode, in long amodifiers, in long alineorpagedeltax, in long alineorpagedeltay, in unsigned long aoptions); void sendnativekeyevent(in long anativekeyboardlayout, in long anativekeycode, in long amodifierflags, in astring acharacters, in astring aunmodifiedcharacters); void sendnativemouseevent(in long ascreenx, in long ascreeny, in long anativemessage, in long amodifierflags, in nsidomelement aelement); nsiquerycontenteventresult sendquerycontentevent(in unsigned long atype, in unsigned long aoffset, in unsigned long alength, in long ax, in long ay); obsole...
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nsIFocusManager
nsidomelement getfocusedelementforwindow(in nsidomwindow awindow, in prbool adeep, out nsidomwindow afocusedwindow); pruint32 getlastfocusmethod(in nsidomwindow window); void movecarettofocus(in ...
... var focusmanager = components.classes["@mozilla.org/focus-manager;1"] .getservice(components.interfaces.nsifocusmanager); method overview void clearfocus(in nsidomwindow awindow); void contentremoved(in nsidocument adocument, in nsicontent aelement); native code only! obsolete since gecko 2.0 void firedelayedevents(in nsidocument adocument); native code only! void focusplugin(in nsicontent aplugin); native code only! nsidomelement getfocusedelementforwindow(in nsidomwindow awindow, in prbool adeep, out nsidomwindow afocusedwindow); pruint32 getlastfocusmethod(in nsidomwindow window); void movecarettofocus(in nsidomwindow awindow); void elementisfocusable(in nsidomelement aelement, in unsigned long af...
... attributes attribute type description activewindow nsidomwindow the most active (frontmost) window, or null if no window ...
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Using COM from js-ctypes
veloped a series of technologies alongside the main windows api. this started out with dynamic data exchange (dde), which was superseded by object linking and embedding (ole) and later by the component object model (com), automation objects, activex controls, and the .net framework. com is c++ and it cannot be written directly with js-ctypes. this documentaion explains how to convert the com c++ code into js-ctypes code. basis and reference for this article bugzilla :: bug 738501 - implement ability to create windows shortcuts from javascript - comment 4 relavent topic bugzilla :: bug 505907 - support c++ calling from jsctypes converting com code to c code to convert com code to js-ctypes, we need to write c++ vtable pointers in c. after that, we can pass a pointer . speech synthesi...
...e for this article bugzilla :: bug 738501 - implement ability to create windows shortcuts from javascript - comment 4 relavent topic bugzilla :: bug 505907 - support c++ calling from jsctypes converting com code to c code to convert com code to js-ctypes, we need to write c++ vtable pointers in c. after that, we can pass a pointer . speech synthesis example let's start with following c++ code, which invokes microsoft speech api and says "hello, firefox!" with system default voice, then wait until the speaking done. #include <sapi.h> int main(void) { if (succeeded(coinitialize(null))) { ispvoice* pvoice = null; hresult hr = cocreateinstance(clsid_spvoice, null, clsctx_all, iid_ispvoice, (void**)&pvoice); if (succe...
... $ cl ole32.lib test.cpp vtable needs vtable description here. the order of the vtable is very critical. when used from c or js-ctypes, the order of the vtable methods should match the order of the c++ vtable. __stdcall and __cdecl needs __stdcall and __cdecl (callback_abi) description here. call by ...
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KeyboardEvent.which - Web APIs
the which read-only property of the keyboardevent interface returns the numeric keycode of the key pressed, or the character code (charcode) for an alphanumeric key pressed. syntax var keyresult = event.which; return value keyresult contains the numeric code for a particular key pressed, depending on whether an alphanumeric or non-alphanumeric key was pressed. please see keyboardevent.charcode and keyboardevent.keycode for more details. ...
...ode of the key pressed, or the character code (charcode) for an alphanumeric key pressed. syntax var keyresult = event.which; return value keyresult contains the numeric code for a particular key pressed, depending on whether an alphanumeric or non-alphanumeric key was pressed. please see keyboardevent.charcode and keyboardevent.keycode for more details. ...
...he key pressed, or the character code (charcode) for an alphanumeric key pressed. syntax var keyresult = event.which; return value keyresult contains the numeric code for a particular key pressed, depending on whether an alphanumeric or non-alphanumeric key was pressed. please see keyboardevent.charcode and keyboardevent.keycode for more details. ...
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Using the Media Capabilities API - Web APIs
the media capabilities api provides several key features to help you better decide how to handle media, but also to determine how well media is being handled, in real time. these features include: the ability to query the browser to determine its ability to encode or decode media given a specified set of encoding parameters. these parameters may include the codecs, resolutions, bit rates, frame rates, and other such details. with the media capabilities api, you can determine not just if the browser can support a given format, but whether or not it can do so efficiently and smoothly. in short, this api replaces—and improves upon—the mediasource method istypesupported() or the htmlmediaelement method canplaytype(). more and more finely-detailed information about the display's properties...
...(). more and more finely-detailed information about the display's properties, so that informed decisions can be made when choosing the best format to play on the user's device. for example, you can use the api to ensure that you don't try to play high dynamic range (hdr) content on a standard dynamic range (sdr) screen. support for getting real-time feedback about the playback of media, so your code can make informed decisions about adapting the stream's quality or other settings to manage the user's perceived media performance and quality. one feature of this is the ability to detect when the device switches gpus, so you can make appropriate adjustments based on the new gpu's capabilities. note: the display capabilities functionality mentioned in the third point above have not yet appear...
... mediacapabilities is available } else { // mediacapabilities is not available } taking video as an example, to obtain information about video decoding abilities, you create a video decoding configuration which you pass as a parameter to mediacapabilities.decodinginfo() method. this returns a promise that fulfills with information about the media capabilities as to whether the video can be decoded, and whether decoding will be smooth and power efficient. you can also test audio decoding as well as video and audio encoding. creating a video decoding configuration the mediacapabilities.decodinginfo() method takes as a parameter a media decoding configuration. there are very specific ways to go about creating the configuration defined by the mediadecodingconfiguration dictionary. in our e...
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SubtleCrypto.sign() - Web APIs
nature each time. an extra property, defining the salt length, is passed into the sign() and verify() functions when they are invoked. ecdsa ecdsa (elliptic curve digital signature algorithm) is a variant of the digital signature algorithm, specified in fips-186, that uses elliptic curve cryptography (rfc 6090). ...
...c 6090). hmac the hmac algorithm calculates and verifies hash-based message authentication codes according to the fips 198-1 standard. the digest algorithm to use is specified in the hmackeygenparams object that you pass into generatekey(), or the hmacimportparams object that you pass into importkey(). examples note: you can try the working examples out on github. rsassa-pkcs1-v1_5 this code fetches the contents of a text box, encodes it for signing, and signs it with a private key. see the complete source code on github. /* fetch the contents of the "message" textbox, and encode it in a form we can use for the sign operation. */ function getmessageencoding() { const messagebox = document.queryselector(".rsassa-pkcs1 #message"); let message = messagebox.value; let enc = new te...
...ches the contents of a text box, encodes it for signing, and signs it with a private key. see the complete source code on github. /* fetch the contents of the "message" textbox, and encode it in a form we can use for the sign operation. */ function getmessageencoding() { const messagebox = document.queryselector(".rsassa-pkcs1 #message"); let message = messagebox.value; let enc = new textencoder(); return enc.encode(message); } let encoded = getmessageencoding(); let signature = await window.crypto.subtle.sign( "rsassa-pkcs1-v1_5", privatekey, encoded ); rsa-pss this code fetches the contents of a text box, encodes it for signing, and signs it with a private key. see the complete source code on github. ...
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WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setTimeout() - Web APIs
the settimeout() method of the windoworworkerglobalscope mixin (and successor to window.settimeout()) sets a timer which executes a function or specified piece of code once the timer expires. syntax var timeoutid = scope.settimeout(function[, delay, arg1, arg2, ...]); var timeoutid = scope.settimeout(function[, delay]); var timeoutid = scope.settimeout(code[, delay]); parameters function a function to be executed after the timer expires. code an alternative syntax that allows you to include a string instead of a function, which is compiled and executed when the timer expires. this syntax is not recommended for the same reasons that make using eval() a security risk. delay optional the time, in milliseconds (thousandths of a second), the timer should wait before the specified funct...
...if this parameter is omitted, a value of 0 is used, meaning execute "immediately", or more accurately, the next event cycle. note that in either case, the actual delay may be longer than intended; see reasons for delays longer than specified below. ...
...ntifies the timer created by the call to settimeout(); this value can be passed to cleartimeout() to cancel the timeout. it may be helpful to be aware that settimeout() and setinterval() share the same pool of ids, and that cleartimeout() and clearinterval() can technically be used interchangeably. for clarity, however, you should try to always match them to avoid confusion when maintaining your code. it is guaranteed that a timeout id will never be reused by a subsequent call to settimeout() or setinterval() on the same object (a window or a worker). however, different objects use separate pools of ids. example the following example sets up two simple buttons in a web page and hooks them to the settimeout() and cleartimeout() routines. pressing the first button will set a timeout which ca...
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WritableStream.getWriter() - Web APIs
() call is used to write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
... write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
...f the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
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WritableStreamDefaultWriter.WritableStreamDefaultWriter() - Web APIs
() call is used to write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
... write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
...f the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
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WritableStreamDefaultWriter.close() - Web APIs
() call is used to write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
... write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
...f the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
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WritableStreamDefaultWriter.write() - Web APIs
() call is used to write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
... write each chunk of the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
...f the string to the stream. finally, write() and close() return promises that are processed to deal with success or failure of chunks and streams. ...
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perspective-origin - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
bottom ] | [ left | center | right | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ]? | [ [ left | right ] <length-percentage> ] && [ [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage> ] ]where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples changing the perspective origin this example shows cubes with popular perspective-origin values. ...
...| <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ]? | [ [ left | right ] <length-percentage> ] && [ [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage> ] ]where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage> examples changing the perspective origin this example shows cubes with popular perspective-origin values. ...
...ion><code>perspective-origin: top left;</code></figcaption> <div class="container"> <div class="cube potl"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </figure> <figure> <figcaption><code>perspective-origin: top;</code></figcaption> <div class="container"> <div class="cube potm"> <div class="face front">1</div> <div class="face back">2</div> <div class="face right">3</div> <div class="face left">4</div> <div class="face top">5</div> <div class="face bottom">6</div> </div> </div> </figure> <figure> <figcaption><code>perspective-or...
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Getting Started - Developer guides
necessary functionality. this is where xmlhttprequest comes in. its predecessor originated in internet explorer as an activex object called xmlhttp. then, mozilla, safari, and other browsers followed, implementing an xmlhttprequest object that supported the methods and properties of microsoft's original activex object. meanwhile, microsoft implemented xmlhttprequest as well. // old compatibility code, no longer needed. if (window.xmlhttprequest) { // mozilla, safari, ie7+ ... httprequest = new xmlhttprequest(); } else if (window.activexobject) { // ie 6 and older httprequest = new activexobject("microsoft.xmlhttp"); } note: for illustration purposes, the above is a somewhat simplified version of the code to be used for creating an xmlhttp instance. for a more realistic example, see ...
...ous. if true (the default), javascript execution will continue and the user can interact with the page while the server response has yet to arrive. this is the first a in ajax. the parameter to the send() method can be any data you want to send to the server if post-ing the request. ...
...e a query string: "name=value&anothername="+encodeuricomponent(myvar)+"&so=on" or other formats, like multipart/form-data, json, xml, and so on. note that if you want to post data, you may have to set the mime type of the request. for example, use the following before calling send() for form data sent as a query string: httprequest.setrequestheader('content-type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'); step 2 – handling the server response when you sent the request, you provided the name of a javascript function to handle the response: httprequest.onreadystatechange = nameofthefunction; what should this function do? first, the function needs to check the request's state. if the state has the value of xmlhttprequest.done (corresponding to 4), that means that the full server response ...
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The HTML autocomplete attribute - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
password" or "confirm new password" field, as opposed to a general "enter your current password" field that might be present. this may be used by the browser both to avoid accidentally filling in an existing password and to offer assistance in creating a secure password (see also preventing autofilling with autocomplete="new-password"). "current-password" the user's current password. "one-time-code" a one-time code used for verifying user identity. "organization-title" a job title, or the title a person has within an organization, such as "senior technical writer", "president", or "assistant troop leader". "organization" a company or organization name, such as "acme widget company" or "girl scouts of america". "street-address" a street address. this can be multiple lines of text, and...
...r", "president", or "assistant troop leader". "organization" a company or organization name, such as "acme widget company" or "girl scouts of america". "street-address" a street address. this can be multiple lines of text, and should fully identify the location of the address within its second administrative level (typically a city or town), but should not include the city name, zip or postal code, or country name. "address-line1", "address-line2", "address-line3" each individual line of the street address. these should only be present if the "street-address" is not present. "address-level4" the finest-grained administrative level, in addresses which have four levels. "address-level3" the third administrative level, in addresses with at least three administrative levels. "address-le...
...es with two administrative levels, this would typically be the city, town, village, or other locality in which the address is located. "address-level1" the first administrative level in the address. this is typically the province in which the address is located. in the united states, this would be the state. in switzerland, the canton. in the united kingdom, the post town. "country" a country code. "country-name" a country name. "postal-code" a postal code (in the united states, this is the zip code). "cc-name" the full name as printed on or associated with a payment instrument such as a credit card. using a full name field is preferred, typically, over breaking the name into pieces. "cc-given-name" a given (first) name as given on a payment instrument like a credit card. "cc-addi...
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<audio>: The Embed Audio element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
data, but data is unexpectedly not forthcoming. suspend media data loading has been suspended. timeupdate the time indicated by the currenttime attribute has been updated. volumechange the volume has changed. waiting playback has stopped because of a temporary lack of data usage notes browsers don't all support the same file types and audio codecs; you can provide multiple sources inside nested <source> elements, and the browser will then use the first one it understands: <audio controls> <source src="myaudio.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"> <source src="myaudio.ogg" type="audio/ogg"> <p>your browser doesn't support html5 audio. here is a <a href="myaudio.mp4">link to the audio</a> instead.</p> </audio> we offer a substantive and tho...
...sted <source> elements, and the browser will then use the first one it understands: <audio controls> <source src="myaudio.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"> <source src="myaudio.ogg" type="audio/ogg"> <p>your browser doesn't support html5 audio. here is a <a href="myaudio.mp4">link to the audio</a> instead.</p> </audio> we offer a substantive and thorough guide to media file types and the audio codecs that can be used within them. also available is a guide to the codecs supported for video. other usage notes: if you don't specify the controls attribute, the audio player won't include the browser's default controls. you can, however, create your own custom controls using javascript and the htmlmediaelement api. to allow precise control over your audio content, htmlmediaelements fire many...
...ascript and the htmlmediaelement api. to allow precise control over your audio content, htmlmediaelements fire many different events. this also provides a way to monitor the audio's fetching process so you can watch for errors or detect when enough is available to begin to play or manipulate it. you can also use the web audio api to directly generate and manipulate audio streams from javascript code rather than streaming pre-existing audio files. <audio> elements can't have subtitles or captions associated with them in the same way that <video> elements can. see webvtt and audio by ian devlin for some useful information and workarounds. a good general source of information on using html <audio> is the video and audio content beginner's tutorial. styling with css the <audio> element has ...
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<input type="search"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
n the same document. the <datalist> provides a list of predefined values to suggest to the user for this input. any values in the list that are not compatible with the type are not included in the suggested options. the values provided are suggestions, not requirements: users can select from this predefined list or provide a different value. ...
...this must be a non-negative integer value smaller than or equal to the value specified by maxlength. if no minlength is specified, or an invalid value is specified, the search input has no minimum length. ...
...teger value 0 or higher. if no maxlength is specified, or an invalid value is specified, the search field has no maximum length. this value must also be greater than or equal to the value of minlength. the input will fail constraint validation if the length of the text entered into the field is greater than maxlength utf-16 code units long. minlength the minimum number of characters (as utf-16 code units) the user can enter into the search field. ...
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Expressions and operators - JavaScript
structuring var one = foo[0]; var two = foo[1]; var three = foo[2]; // with destructuring var [one, two, three] = foo; comparison operators a comparison operator compares its operands and returns a logical value based on whether the comparison is true. the operands can be numerical, string, logical, or object values. strings are compared based on standard lexicographical ordering, using unicode values. in most cases, if the two operands are not of the same type, javascript attempts to convert them to an appropriate type for the comparison. this behavior generally results in comparing the operands numerically. the sole exceptions to type conversion within comparisons involve the === and !== operators, which perform strict equality and inequality comparisons. these operators do not attemp...
...is behavior generally results in comparing the operands numerically. the sole exceptions to type conversion within comparisons involve the === and !== operators, which perform strict equality and inequality comparisons. these operators do not attempt to convert the operands to compatible types before checking equality. the following table describes the comparison operators in terms of this sample code: var var1 = 3; var var2 = 4; comparison operators operator description examples returning true equal (==) returns true if the operands are equal. 3 == var1 "3" == var1 3 == '3' not equal (!=) returns true if the operands are not equal. var1 != 4 var2 != "3" strict equal (===) returns true if the operands are equal and of...
.... thus, when used with boolean values, || returns true if either operand is true; if both are false, returns false. logical not (!) !expr returns false if its single operand that can be converted to true; otherwise, returns true. examples of expressions that can be converted to false are those that evaluate to null, 0, nan, the empty string (""), or undefined. the following code shows examples of the && (logical and) operator. var a1 = true && true; // t && t returns true var a2 = true && false; // t && f returns false var a3 = false && true; // f && t returns false var a4 = false && (3 == 4); // f && f returns false var a5 = 'cat' && 'dog'; // t && t returns dog var a6 = false && 'cat'; // f && t returns false var a7 = 'cat' && false; // t && f re...
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URIError: malformed URI sequence - JavaScript
the javascript exception "malformed uri sequence" occurs when uri encoding or decoding wasn't successful. message urierror: the uri to be encoded contains invalid character (edge) urierror: malformed uri sequence (firefox) urierror: uri malformed (chrome) error type urierror what went wrong? ...
... the javascript exception "malformed uri sequence" occurs when uri encoding or decoding wasn't successful. message urierror: the uri to be encoded contains invalid character (edge) urierror: malformed uri sequence (firefox) urierror: uri malformed (chrome) error type urierror what went wrong? ...
... the javascript exception "malformed uri sequence" occurs when uri encoding or decoding wasn't successful. message urierror: the uri to be encoded contains invalid character (edge) urierror: malformed uri sequence (firefox) urierror: uri malformed (chrome) error type urierror what went wrong? ...
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Intl - JavaScript
omparison. intl.datetimeformat() constructor for objects that enable language-sensitive date and time formatting. intl.displaynames() constructor for objects that enable the consistent translation of language, region and script display names. intl.listformat() constructor for objects that enable language-sensitive list formatting. intl.locale() constructor for objects that represents a unicode locale identifier. intl.numberformat() constructor for objects that enable language-sensitive number formatting. intl.pluralrules() constructor for objects that enable plural-sensitive formatting and language-specific rules for plurals. intl.relativetimeformat() constructor for objects that enable language-sensitive relative time formatting. static methods intl.getcanonicallocales() r...
...ptions arguments, and negotiate the requested locale(s) against the locales they support using an algorithm specified in the options.localematcher property. locales argument the locales argument requests that a particular locale (or a locale from a list of them) be considered for use in a given operation. ...
... that is a unicode bcp 47 locale identifier. multiple locales may be specified (and a best-supported locale determined by evaluating each of them in order and comparing against the locales supported by the implementation) by passing an array (or array-like object, with a length property and corresponding indexed elements) whose elements are either intl.locale objects or values that convert to unicode bcp 47 locale identifier strings. if the locales argument is not provided or is undefined, the runtime's default locale is used. ...
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Promise - JavaScript
the effect is a dynamic replacement. the return causes a promise to be popped, but the nextvalue promise is pushed into its place. for the nesting shown above, suppose the .then() associated with "promise b" returns a nextvalue of "promise x". the resulting nesting would look like this: (promise d, (promise c, (promise x) ) ) a promise can participate in more than one nesting. for the following code, the transiton of promisea into a "settled" state will cause both instances of .then() to be invoked. const promisea = new promise(myexecutorfunc); const promiseb = promisea.then(handlefulfilled1, handlerejected1); const promisec = promisea.then(handlefulfilled2, handlerejected2); an action can be assigned to an already "settled" promise. in that case the action (if appropriate) will be perfor...
...se that is resolved when the original promise is resolved. the handler is called when the promise is settled, whether fulfilled or rejected. examples basic example let myfirstpromise = new promise((resolve, reject) => { // we call resolve(...) when what we were doing asynchronously was successful, and reject(...) when it failed. // in this example, we use settimeout(...) to simulate async code. // in reality, you will probably be using something like xhr or an html5 api. settimeout( function() { resolve("success!") // yay! everything went well! }, 250) }) myfirstpromise.then((successmessage) => { // successmessage is whatever we passed in the resolve(...) function above. // it doesn't have to be a string, but if it is only a succeed message, it probably will be. conso...
... whatever we passed in the resolve(...) function above. // it doesn't have to be a string, but if it is only a succeed message, it probably will be. console.log("yay! " + successmessage) }); example with diverse situations this example shows diverse techniques for using promise capabilities, and diverse situations that can occur. to understand this, start by scrolling to the bottom of the code block, and examine the promise chain. upon provision of an initial promise, a chain of promises can follow. the chain is composed of .then() calls, and typically (but not necessarily) has a single .catch() at the end, optionally followed by .finally(). in this example, the promise chain is initiated by a custom written new promise() construct; but in actual practice, promise chains more typically...
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Optimizing startup performance - Web Performance
and when porting an app from another platform to the web. starting up nicely regardless of platform, it's always a good idea to start up as quickly as possible. since that's a universal issue, we won't be focusing on it too much here. instead, we're going to look at a more important issue when building web apps: starting up as asynchronously as possible. ...
...s of platform, it's always a good idea to start up as quickly as possible. since that's a universal issue, we won't be focusing on it too much here. instead, we're going to look at a more important issue when building web apps: starting up as asynchronously as possible. that means not running all your startup code in a single event handler on the app's main thread. instead, you should write your code so that your app creates a web worker that does as much as possible in a background thread (for example, fetching and processing data.) then, anything that must be done on the main thread (such as user events and rendering ui) should be broken up into small pieces so that the app's event loop continues to cycle while it starts up. this will prevent the app, browser, and/or device from appearing t...
...ssible the user may get an "unresponsive app" or "slow script" notification. you should present some kind of interface, such as a progress bar, so that the user knows how much longer they'll need to wait while your app starts up. where there's a will... if you're starting your project from scratch, it's usually pretty easy to just write everything the "right way," making appropriate bits of the code asynchronous. all pure startup calculations should be performed in background threads, while you keep the run-time of main thread events as short as possible. include a progress indicator so the user knows what's going on and how long they'll be waiting. in theory, anyway, it should be pretty easy to design your new app to start up nicely. on the other hand, however, it can get tricky when you'r...
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Compiling an Existing C Module to WebAssembly - WebAssembly
a core use-case for webassembly is to take the existing ecosystem of c libraries and allow developers to use them on the web. these libraries often rely on c's standard library, an operating system, a file system and other things. emscripten provides most of these features, although there are some limitations. as an example, let's compile an encoder for webp to wasm. ...
... a core use-case for webassembly is to take the existing ecosystem of c libraries and allow developers to use them on the web. these libraries often rely on c's standard library, an operating system, a file system and other things. emscripten provides most of these features, although there are some limitations. as an example, let's compile an encoder for webp to wasm. ...
...and other things. emscripten provides most of these features, although there are some limitations. as an example, let's compile an encoder for webp to wasm. the source for the webp codec is written in c and available on github as well as some extensive api documentation. that's a pretty good starting point. $ git clone https://github.com/webmproject/libwebp to start off simple, expose webpgetencoderversion() from encode.h to javascript by writing a c file called webp.c: #include "emscripten.h" #include "src/webp/encode.h" emscripten_keepalive int version() { return webpgetencoderversion(); } this is a good simple program to test whether you can get the source code of libwebp to compile, as it doesn't require any parameters or complex data structures to invoke this function. to compile...
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base64 - Archive of obsolete content
data encoding and decoding using base64 algorithms. var base64 = require("sdk/base64"); var encodeddata = base64.encode("hello, world"); var decodeddata = base64.decode(encodeddata); globals functions encode(data, charset) creates a base-64 encoded ascii string from a string of binary data. parameters data : string the data to encode charset : string the charset of the string to encode (optional). the only accepted value is "utf-8". in order to encode and decode unicode strings, the charset parameter needs to be set: var base64 = require("sdk/base64"); var encodeddata = base64.encode(unicodestring, "utf-8"); returns string : the encoded string decode(data, charset) decodes a string of data which has been encoded using base-64 encoding. parameters data : string the encod...
... encode and decode unicode strings, the charset parameter needs to be set: var base64 = require("sdk/base64"); var encodeddata = base64.encode(unicodestring, "utf-8"); returns string : the encoded string decode(data, charset) decodes a string of data which has been encoded using base-64 encoding. parameters data : string the encoded data charset : string the charset of the string to encode (optional). the only accepted value is "utf-8". ...
...be set: var base64 = require("sdk/base64"); var encodeddata = base64.encode(unicodestring, "utf-8"); returns string : the encoded string decode(data, charset) decodes a string of data which has been encoded using base-64 encoding. parameters data : string the encoded data charset : string the charset of the string to encode (optional). the only accepted value is "utf-8". ...
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widget - Archive of obsolete content
content you need to load a separate script into the panel. in the sdk these scripts are called "content scripts" because they're explicitly used for interacting with web content. while content scripts can access the content they're attached to, they can't use the sdk's apis. so implementing a complete solution usually means you have to send messages between the content script and the main add-on code. you can specify one or more content scripts to load into the widget using the contentscript or contentscriptfile options to the widget() constructor. you can communicate with the script using either the postmessage() api or (preferably, usually) the port api. unless your content script is extremely simple and consists only of a static string, don't use contentscript: if you do, ...
... you can communicate with the script using either the postmessage() api or (preferably, usually) the port api. unless your content script is extremely simple and consists only of a static string, don't use contentscript: if you do, you may have problems getting your add-on approved on amo. instead, keep the script in a separate file and load it using contentscriptfile. this makes your code easier to maintain, secure, debug and review. for example, suppose we want to implement a media player as an add-on. we could implement the main user interface as a widget hosting an array of buttons to control play/pause/stop functions. we can then use a content script to listen for clicks on those buttons. but because content scripts can't use the sdk's apis, we'll want the content script to...
... and review. for example, suppose we want to implement a media player as an add-on. we could implement the main user interface as a widget hosting an array of buttons to control play/pause/stop functions. we can then use a content script to listen for clicks on those buttons. but because content scripts can't use the sdk's apis, we'll want the content script to send messages to the main add-on code, which can then implement the media player functions using the sdk. the widget's content is specified using html like this: <html> <body> <img src="play.png" id="play-button"> <img src="pause.png" id="pause-button"> <img src="stop.png" id="stop-button"> </body> </html> we just include three icons, and assign an id to each one. this html file, and the icon files it references, a...
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Creating Event Targets - Archive of obsolete content
ibes how to consume events: that is, how to listen to events generated by event targets. for example, you can listen to the tabs module's ready event or the panel object's show event. with the sdk, it's also simple to implement your own event targets. this is especially useful if you want to build your own modules, either to organize your add-on better or to enable other developers to reuse your code. if you use the sdk's event framework for your event targets, users of your module can listen for events using the sdk's standard event api. in this tutorial we'll create part of a module to access the browser's places api. it will emit events when the user adds and visits bookmarks, enabling users of the module to listen for these events using the sdk's standard event api. using the places api...
...nt framework for your event targets, users of your module can listen for events using the sdk's standard event api. in this tutorial we'll create part of a module to access the browser's places api. it will emit events when the user adds and visits bookmarks, enabling users of the module to listen for these events using the sdk's standard event api. ...
...s when the user adds and visits bookmarks, enabling users of the module to listen for these events using the sdk's standard event api. using the places api first, let's write some code using places api that logs the uris of bookmarks the user adds. create a new directory called "bookmarks", navigate to it, and run jpm init, accepting all the defaults. ...
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Connecting to Remote Content - Archive of obsolete content
request.open("get", url, true); request.send(null); in this example we demonstrate how to make a xmlhttprequest call in asynchronous mode. you can see that an instance of the xmlhttprequest class is created and it holds all functionality for making a request. we create this instance using xpcom instead of the usual way (new xmlhttprequest()) because this way works both in chrome and non-chrome code. following initialization, onload and onerror handlers are registered to a callback function to handle the response returned from the remote server. in both cases aevent.target is an nsixmlhttprequest. in the onload callback function, the responsetext parameter contains the server response as text. if the response is an xml document, the responsexml property will hold an xmldocument object that...
...t! the open method takes two required parameters: the http request method and the url to send the request. the http request method can be "get", "post" or "put". sending a post request requires you to set the content type of the request and to pass the post data to the send() method as below. request.open("post", url, true); request.setrequestheader("content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); request.send("data=hello&version=2"); the third parameter for the open method specifies whether the request should be handled asynchronously or not. in asynchronous mode code execution continues immediately after the send call. in synchronous mode the code and user interface are blocked while waiting for a response to come back. note: requests can take a long time to process and you don't ...
...processed. therefore, it is very important that xmlhttprequest calls are always done asynchronously. now let's look at the most common types of content you can use to communicate with remote servers. json content json is a very lightweight and simple data representation format, similar to the object representation used in javascript. unlike javascript, the json format doesn't allow any kind of code that can be run, only data. json used to be risky in terms of security because the favored way of parsing it was to use the javascript eval function. since eval executes any code contained in the string, workarounds had to be devised in order to close security holes. luckily, firefox now provides a few alternatives for extension developers. the json page explains in detail how to parse json data...
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XPCOM Objects - Archive of obsolete content
s is just an identifier, in this case corresponding to the observer service. you'll usually know what string to use by reading examples and documentation. there is no comprehensive list of these (that we know of), and that's understandable since it would be a very long list, and it can be extended by add-ons. if you want to see the list in your current firefox installation, just run the following code in the error console: var str = ""; for (var i in components.classes) { str += i + "\n" }; str a run on firefox 3.6.2 with a few extensions installed yields 876 strings. that's quite a lot. luckily, you'll only need to know a handful of those for extension development. the @mozilla.org/ prefix is just a way to keep things namespaced. we would use something like @xulschool.com/ to make our o...
... call on cc["some-string"] should either be getservice or createinstance, depending on what you're asking for. in most cases it is very clear which one to call, but in case of doubt, look for documentation on it. those two methods always receive the interface identifier as an argument. similarly to cc, ci (components.interfaces) is an index of available interfaces. a modified version of the last code snippet produces an even longer list of available interfaces. just like in component identifiers, the nsi prefix is just a way of keeping things in order. the ns stands for netscape, mozilla's predecessor. the "i" stands for interface. our interfaces should begin with something like xsihello. an interface is just a definition of a set of attributes and methods that an object implementing it shou...
...luded in all xpcom components. this._prefservice = cc["@mozilla.org/preferences-service;1"].getservice(ci.nsiprefbranch); this._prefvalue = this._prefservice.getboolpref("somepreferencename"); this._prefservice.queryinterface(ci.nsiprefbranch2); this._prefservice.addobserver("somepreferencename", this, false); this._prefservice.queryinterface(ci.nsiprefbranch); this is a common piece of code you'll see when initializing components or jsm that rely on preferences. we use the preferences service to get and set preference values, such as the preference value we're getting on the fourth line of code. these methods are in the nsiprefbranch interface. the getservice and createinstance methods allow you to get the component already set to an interface. in many cases you only need to use one...
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Reading textual data - Archive of obsolete content
to the default character encoding stored in preferences (intl.charset.default, a localized pref value) when reading from a file, the question is harder to answer. using the system character encoding may work (xxx insert text how to get it), or again the default character encoding from preferences. converting read data if you read data from nsiscriptableinputstream as described on the file i/o code snippets page, you can convert it to utf-8 // sstream is nsiscriptableinputstream var str = sstream.read(4096); var utf8converter = components.classes["@mozilla.org/intl/utf8converterservice;1"]. getservice(components.interfaces.nsiutf8converterservice); var data = utf8converter.converturispectoutf8 (str, "utf-8"); gecko 1.8 and newer reading strings starting with gecko 1.8 (seamonkey 1.
...nterfaces.nsiunicharlineinputstream) { var line = {}; var cont; do { cont = is.readline(line); // now you can do something with line.value } while (cont); } the above example reads an entire stream until eof. see nsiconverterinputstream for nsiconverterinputstream.init() arguments. ...
... // now you can do something with line.value } while (cont); } the above example reads an entire stream until eof. see nsiconverterinputstream for nsiconverterinputstream.init() arguments. earlier versions reading strings earlier versions of gecko do not provide easy ways to read unicode data from a stream. you will have to manually read a block of data and convert it using nsiscriptableunicodeconverter. ...
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Tamarin build documentation - Archive of obsolete content
for instructions on tamarin tracing, please see tamarin tracing build documentation. supported platforms tamarin currently supports the following operating systems and/or architectures. windows 32 and 64 bit mac osx 10.4, 10.5 on ppc mac osx 10.5, 10.6 on intel linux 32 and 64 bit solaris 10 on sparc android 2.2 on arm windows mobile 6.5 mips (linux) sh4 (linux) getting the tamarin source the tamarin source resides in mercurial at tamarin central. active development source resides at tamarin redux. ...
...rial can be found here. building tamarin building tamarin will create all the libraries for the avmplus and garbage collector (mmgc), and create a standalone executable (shell) for executing files in the abc file format. running the shell without any arguments will list the available options. note that additional command-line arguments are only available in the debug configuration. the tamarin codebase contains a cross-platform build system for mozilla developers. the cross-platform build system is used for daily automated build testing so it is the most reliable system. the tamarin codebase has the ability to build additional code which supports debugging hooks. in the xcode project, this is the debug_debugger and release_debugger configurations. the flash player builds tamarin with the d...
... cross-platform build (general instructions - non-android) prerequisites: you need python 2.5 or later and gnu make 3.81 or later. ...
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SeaMonkey - making custom toolbar (SM ver. 1.x) - Archive of obsolete content
om toolbar button in seamonkey 1.x. (for seamonkey 2, firefox, thunderbird and sunbird, see the page: custom toolbar button) you do not need any special technical skills or tools, and almost all the information you need is on this page. introduction the technique described here does not involve any hacking. instead, you make your custom button as a self-contained extension. you can use the sample code provided here to make buttons that do various useful things. if you know how to program in javascript, then you can write your own code that does other things. you can use this page if all you really want is a button for some special purpose. you can also use this page to learn about extensions, and as a starting point if you plan to write a more complex extension. note that this extension is ver...
......
...8 encoding. to check your text editor, create a plain text file named test.txt. in the file, type some of the special characters that your language uses. save the file. open the file in seamonkey (for example, by dragging it and dropping it in the navigator window, or by choosing file – open file... from seamonkey's menu bar). from seamonkey's menu bar, choose view – character encoding – unicode (utf-8). check that the text you typed looks ok with this setting. if your text editor does not support utf-8, search the internet for a better one that you can download. optional tools you can optionally use any image editor to customize the images. you can optionally use a jar tool or zip tool to package your button as a cross-platform installable (xpi) for other people to install and use. maki...
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The Implementation of the Application Object Model - Archive of obsolete content
working on our standards story. forget xul and rdf? we don't need any of this complicated nonsense! just let us go off and make our widgets and build our applications the old-fashioned way! we're still cross-platform, since we'd only have to write widgets like trees and toolbars once! i say, forget this whole thing! let's just ship a product! that would be the unwisest decision of all. ...
...nonsense! just let us go off and make our widgets and build our applications the old-fashioned way! we're still cross-platform, since we'd only have to write widgets like trees and toolbars once! i say, forget this whole thing! let's just ship a product! that would be the unwisest decision of all. why? code bloat. if nglayout's formatting objects aren't used to render the widgetry, then drawing code has to be written for each and every widget. look at the difference between the two tree widgets that exist in nglayout today as an example. the tree widget that is extending the table code has no drawing code, and even by the time it has matched and far outstripped the capabilities of the old gfx-based tree widget, it will still contain no drawing code. individual widgets, even complex widgets l...
...it is a given that nglayout will ship with its own non-native form element widgets. ...
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RDF in Mozilla FAQ - Archive of obsolete content
will create an rdf/xml datasource and asynchronously parse it. the datasource will remain "cached" until the last reference to the datasource is released. if the uri argument refers to a built-in datasource, the rdf service will use the xpcom component manager to load a component whose contractid is constructed using the "special" uri and the well-known prefix@mozilla.org/rdf/datasource;1?name=</code>. for example, rdf:foo would load: @mozilla.org/rdf/datasource;1?name=foo as with rdf/xml datasources, a datasource that is retrieved this way is "cached" by the rdf service until the last reference is dropped. how do i create a datasource from an rdf/xml file? you can either create an rdf/xml datasource using the rdf service's getdatasource() method: // get the rdf service var rdf = ...
...rdfservice); // ...and from it, get the datasource. make sure that your web server // dishes it up as text/xml (recommended) or text/rdf! var ds = rdf.getdatasource("http://www.mozilla.org/some-rdf-file.rdf"); // note that ds will load asynchronously, so assertions will not // be immediately available alternatively, you can create one directly using the xpcom component manager, as the following code fragment illustrates: // create an rdf/xml datasource using the xpcom component manager var ds = components .classes["@mozilla.org/rdf/datasource;1?name=xml-datasource"] .createinstance(components.interfaces.nsirdfdatasource); // the nsirdfremotedatasource interface has the interfaces // that we need to setup the datasource. var remote = ds.queryinterface(components.interfaces.nsirdfrem...
...e wasn't loaded, and is loading asynchronously. using this api and javascript's settimeout(), one could set up a polling loop that would continually check the loaded property. this is kludgy, and even worse, won't detect a failed load, for example, if there wasn't any data at the url! for this reason, there is an observer interface that allows you to spy on a datasource's progress. ...
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Building up a basic demo with PlayCanvas editor - Game development
creating an account the playcanvas editor is free — all you have to do to begin with is register your account and login: when you first sign up, you are taken straight into the editor and given a simple starter tutorial involving editing a 3d rolling ball game. ...
...ember what this material is for — we will add more later! to change its color we'll use the diffuse option in the entity inspector. click diffuse, then select the colored box next to the color label — it will open a color wheel. from here you can click your desired color or enter it in the bottom text field as a hex value. we've chosen a blue color with a hex value of 0095dd — enter this code in the text field and press return for it to be accepted. note: yes, you read that right — you need to enter the hex value without the hash/pound symbol. now we can apply the colored material to the shape by clicking and dragging its icon from the bottom part of the screen (the little dot on the left hand side of the material's name — it can be a bit fiddly to select; just persevere) on...
...e the below screenshot. animating our scene animating 3d models might be considered an advanced thing to do, but all we want to do is to control a few properties of a given object — we can use a script component to do that. click on the plus button in the assets panel, select the script option, and name your new script file boxanimation.js. ...
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Building up a basic demo with Three.js - Game development
to. html structure here's the html structure we will use: <!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>mdn games: three.js demo</title> <style> body { margin: 0; padding: 0; } canvas { width: 100%; height: 100%; } </style> </head> <body> <script src="three.min.js"></script> <script> var width = window.innerwidth; var height = window.innerheight; /* all our javascript code goes here */ </script> </body> </html> it contains some basic information like the document <title>, and some css to set the width and height of the <canvas> element, that three.js will insert on the page to 100% to fill the entire available viewport space. the first <script> element includes the three.js library in the page, and we will write our example code inside the second. there are two h...
... renderer a renderer is a tool which displays scenes right in your browser. ...
...erer.domelement); we are creating a new webgl renderer, setting its size to fit the whole available space on the screen, and appending the dom structure to the page. you might have noticed the antialias parameter in the first line — this renders the edges of shapes more smoothly. the setclearcolor() method sets our background to a light gray colour, instead of the default black one. add this code into our second <script> element, just below the javascript comment. scene a scene is the place where everything happens. when creating new objects in the demo, we add them all inside the scene to become visible on the screen. in three.js, the scene is represented by a scene object. let's create it, by adding the following line below our previous lines: var scene = new three.scene(); later, ...
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Initialize the framework - Game development
« previousnext » this is the first of 16 tutorials to learn how to use gamedev phaser. after completing this tutorial you can find the source code for this section at gamedev-phaser-content-kit/demos/lesson01.html. before we can start writing the game's functionality, we need to create a basic structure to render the game inside. this can be done using html — the phaser framework will generate the required <canvas> element. the game's html the html document structure is quite simple, as the game will be rendered entirely on the <canvas> element generated by the framework. ...
... the game inside. this can be done using html — the phaser framework will generate the required <canvas> element. the game's html the html document structure is quite simple, as the game will be rendered entirely on the <canvas> element generated by the framework. ...
...this tutorial uses phaser v2 — it won't work with the current version on phaser (v3). the v2 library is still available on the phaser download page, below the links for the v3 download. go to the phaser download page. choose an option that suits you best — i would recommend...
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Web fonts - Learn web development
w you to download custom fonts along with your web page, to allow for more varied, custom text styling. prerequisites: basic computer literacy, html basics (study introduction to html), css basics (study introduction to css), css text and font fundamentals. objective: to learn how to apply web fonts to a web page, using either a third party service, or by writing your own code. font families recap as we looked at in fundamental text and font styling, the fonts applied to your html can be controlled using the font-family property. this takes one or more font family names, and the browser travels down the list until it finds a font it has available on the system it is running on: p { font-family: helvetica, "trebuchet ms", verdana, sans-serif; } this system w...
...ts for decent cross-browser support. for example, most modern browsers support woff/woff2 (web open font format versions 1 and 2), the most efficient format around, but older versions of ie only support eot (embedded open type) fonts, and you might need to include an svg version of the font to support older versions of iphone and android browsers. we'll show you below how to generate the required code. fonts generally aren't free to use. you have to pay for them, and/or follow other license conditions such as crediting the font creator in the code (or on your site). you shouldn't steal fonts and use them without giving proper credit. note: web fonts as a technology have been supported in internet explorer since version 4! you can use the firefox font editor to investigate and manipulate ...
...ctive learning: a web font example with this in mind, let's build up a basic web font example from first principles. it is difficult to demonstrate this using an embedded live example, so instead, we would like you to follow the steps detailed in the below sections, to get an idea of the process. you should use the web-font-start.html and web-font-start.css files as a starting point to add your code to (see the live example). make a copy of these files in a new directory on your computer now. in the web-font-start.css file, you'll find some minimal css to deal with the basic layout and typesetting of the example. finding fonts for this example, we'll use two web fonts, one for the headings, and one for the body text. to start with, we need to find the font files that contain the fonts. fon...
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HTML Cheatsheet - Learn web development
while using html it can be very handy to have an easy way to remember how to use html tags properly and how to apply them. mdn provides you with an extended html documentation as well as a deep instructional html how-to. however, in many cases we just need some quick hints as we go. that's the whole purpose of the cheatsheet, to give you some quick accurate ready to use code snippets for common usages. remember that html tags must be used for their semantic, not their appearance. it's always possible to totally change the look and feel of a given tag using css so, when using html, take the time to focus on the meaning rather than the appearance. inline elements an "element" is a single part of a webpage. some elements are large and hold smaller elements like containers. some elements a...
...ler elements like containers. some elements are small and are "nested" inside larger ones. by default, "inline elements" appear next to one another in a webpage. they take up only as much width as they need in a page and fit together horizontally like words in a sentence or books shelved side-by-side in a row.all inline elements can be implemented within the <body></body> tags. ...
... this text is in predefined format. embedded audio <audio controls="controls" src="https://udn.realityripple.com/samples/b7/193cb038d0.mp3">your browse...
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JavaScript object basics - Learn web development
ics an object is a collection of related data and/or functionality (which usually consists of several variables and functions — which are called properties and methods when they are inside objects.) let's work through an example to understand what they look like. to begin with, make a local copy of our oojs.html file. ...
...you should get a result similar to one of the below lines: [object object] object { } { } congratulations, you've just created your first object. ...
...the live version will give you a blank screen, but that's ok — again, open your devtools and try typing in the above commands to see the object structure. so what is going on here? well, an object is made up of multiple members, each of which has a name (e.g. name and age above), and a value (e.g. ['bob', 'smith'] and ...
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Object-oriented JavaScript for beginners - Learn web development
simplistic, because oop can quickly get very complicated, and giving it a full treatment now would probably confuse more than help. the basic idea of oop is that we use objects to model real world things that we want to represent inside our programs, and/or provide a simple way to access functionality that would otherwise be hard or impossible to make use of. objects can contain related data and code, which represent information about the thing you are trying to model, and functionality or behavior that you want it to have. object data (and often, functions too) can be stored neatly (the official word is encapsulated) inside an object package (which can be given a specific name to refer to, which is sometimes called a namespace), making it easy to structure and access; objects are also common...
...is process of creating an object instance from a class is called instantiation — the object instance is instantiated from the class. specialist classes in this case we don't want generic people — we want teachers and students, which are both more specific types of people. in oop, we can create new classes based on other classes — these new child classes can be made to inherit the data and code features of their parent class, so you can reuse functionality common to all the object types rather than having to duplicate it. where functionality differs between classes, you can define specialized features directly on them as needed. this is really useful — teachers and students share many common features such as name, gender, and age, so it is convenient to only have to define those f...
...cally saying that whenever one of these object instances is created, the object's name property will be equal to the name value passed to the constructor call, and the greeting() method will use the name value passed to the constructor call too. note: a constructor function name usually starts with a capital letter — this convention is used to make constructor functions easier to recognize in code. ...
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Handling common accessibility problems - Learn web development
nt. i think it is more interesting than the last one.</p> in addition, your content should make logical sense in its source order — you can always place it where you want using css later on, but you should get the source order right to start with. as a test, you can turn off a site's css and see how understandable it is without it. you could do this manually by just removing the css from your code, but the easiest way is to use browser features, for example: firefox: select view > page style > no style from the main menu. safari: select develop > disable styles from the main menu (to enable the develop menu, choose safari > preferences > advanced > show develop menu in menu bar). chrome: install the web developer toolbar extension, then restart the browser. click the gear icon that wi...
...ccessibility certain html features can be selected using only the keyboard — this is default behavior, available since the early days of the web. the elements that have this capability are the common ones that allow user to interact with web pages, namely links, <button>s, and form elements like <input>. you can try this out using our native-keyboard-accessibility.html example (see the source code) — open this in a new tab, and try pressing the tab key; after a few presses, you should see the tab focus start to move through the different focusable elements; the focused elements are given a highlighted default style in every browser (it differs slightly between different browsers) so that you can tell what element is focused. you can then press enter/return to follow a focused link or ...
...s-browser video player for some good examples of this. create keyboard shortcuts via javascript, so functionality is activated when you press certain keys on the keyboard. see desktop mouse and keyboard controls for some game-related examples that can be adapted for any purpose. use some interesting tactics to fake button behaviour. take for example our fake-div-buttons.html example (see source code). here we've given our fake <div> buttons the ability to be focused (including via tab) by giving each one the attribute tabindex="0" (see webaim's tabindex article for more really useful details). this allows us to tab to the buttons, but not to activate them via the enter/return key. to do that, we had to add the following bit of javascript trickery: document.onkeydown = function(e) { if(e.
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