Drawing graphics - Learn web development
graphics on the web as we talked about in our html multimedia and embedding module, the web was originally just text, which was very boring, so images were introduced — first via the <img> element and later via css properties such as background-image, and svg.
...this became webgl, which gained traction among browser vendors, and was standardized around 2009–2010.
...this element is used to define the area on the page into which the image will be drawn.
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HTML documentation index - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
the attribute value must consist of a single printable character (which includes accented and other characters that can be generated by the keyboard).
... 18 id global attributes, html, reference, web, id the id global attribute defines an identifier (id) which must be unique in the whole document.
...specifying the itemscope attribute for an element creates a new item, which results in a number of name-value pairs that are associated with the element.
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Web Replay
clicking the 'tools -> web developer -> web replay -> load recording in new tab' menu item will start a new tab which replays the recording to the end.
... save recording and replay on a different machine (partially implemented) recordings can be replayed on a different machine from the one which recorded them.
... devtools.recordreplay.logging when enabled, firefox will log web replay's internal actions to the terminal, which is helpful when debugging hangs and crashes.
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Index - Learn web development
to help you achieve this, this module will cover general best practices (which are demonstrated throughout the html, css, and javascript topics), cross browser testing, and some tips on enforcing accessibility from the start.
... 14 common questions codingscripting, infrastructure, learn, web, webmechanics this section of the learning area is designed to provide answers to common questions that may come up, which are not necessarily part of the structured core learning pathways (e.g.
...at its most basic, the internet is a large network of computers which communicate all together.
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Starting WebLock
in order to be started up or notified when some event happens, the sample component has to hook into mozilla, which it can do either by overriding an existing component or by registering for some event that will cause it to start up.
...the nsiobserver is a generic interface for passing messages between two or more objects without defining a specific frozen interface, and it's one of the ways in which extensibility is built into xpcom.
...in other words, the observe method should never be called in response to some event for which the object is not registered.
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RTCPeerConnection - Web APIs
"#d4dde4" stroke-width="2px" /><text x="236" y="30" font-size="12px" font-family="consolas,monaco,andale mono,monospace" fill="#4d4e53" text-anchor="middle" alignment-baseline="middle">rtcpeerconnection</text></a></svg></div> a:hover text { fill: #0095dd; pointer-events: all;} constructorrtcpeerconnection() the rtcpeerconnection() constructor returns a newly-created rtcpeerconnection, which represents a connection between the local device and a remote peer.propertiesalso inherits properties from: eventtargetcantrickleicecandidatesthe read-only rtcpeerconnection property cantrickleicecandidates returns a boolean which indicates whether or not the remote peer can accept trickled ice candidates.connectionstate the read-only connectionstate property of the rtcpeerconnection interface i...
...also included is a list of any ice candidates that may already have been generated by the ice agent since the offer or answer represented by the description was first instantiated.getdefaulticeservers() the getdefaulticeservers() method of the rtcpeerconnection interface returns an array of objects based on the rtciceserver dictionary, which indicates what, if any, ice servers the browser will use by default if none are provided to the rtcpeerconnection in its rtcconfiguration.
... however, browsers are not required to provide any default ice servers at all.iceconnectionstate read only the read-only property rtcpeerconnection.iceconnectionstate returns an enum of type rtciceconnectionstate which state of the ice agent associated with the rtcpeerconnection.icegatheringstate read only the read-only property rtcpeerconnection.icegatheringstate returns an enum of type rtcicegatheringstate that describes connection's ice gathering state.
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Viewpoints and viewers: Simulating cameras in WebXR - Web APIs
there are a few articles about the fundamental math, geometry, and other concepts behind webgl and webxr which may be useful to read before or while reading this one, including: explaining basic 3d theory matrix math for the web webgl model view projection geometry and reference spaces in webxr ed.
... note: most diagrams used in this article to show how the camera moves while performing standard movements was taken from an article on the filmmakeriq web site; namely, from this image which is found all over the web, however, and though we assume these are under a permissive license due to their frequent reuse, ownership is not certain.
...fortunately, physicists like galileo, newton, lorentz, and einstein have given us the principle of relativity, which states that the laws of physics have the same form in every frame of reference.
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Web video codec guide - Web media technologies
common codecs the following video codecs are those which are most commonly used on the web.
...each codec provides a link to a section below which offers additional details about the codec, including specific capabilities and compatibility issues you may need to be aware of.
... effect of source video format on encoded output the degree to which the format of the source video will affect the output varies depending on the codec and how it works.
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WebIDL bindings
returning null from getparentobject is allowed in situations in which it's ok to associate the resulting object with a random global object for security purposes; this is not usually ok for things that are exposed to web content.
...note that if your c++ type is implementing multiple distinct web idl interfaces, you need to choose which mozilla::dom::myinterface_binding::wrap to call here.
...this will produce two files in dom/bindings in your objdir: myinterface-example.h and myinterface-example.cpp, which show a basic implementation of the interface using a class that inherits from nsisupports and has a wrapper cache.
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Implementing a Microsoft Active Accessibility (MSAA) Server - Accessibility
without downloading the sdk, you won't get the extremely useful tools, which help a great deal in the learning process.
...this document's deciding which msaa features to support section attempts to lower the cost by showing which parts of msaa are not very important to work on.
... deciding which msaa features to support msaa methods - cheat sheet for developers the iaccessible interface is used in a tree of iaccessible's, each one representing a data node, similar to a dom.
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HTML elements reference - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
this page lists all the html elements, which are created using tags.
... <article> the html <article> element represents a self-contained composition in a document, page, application, or site, which is intended to be independently distributable or reusable (e.g., in syndication).
... <section> the html <section> element represents a standalone section — which doesn't have a more specific semantic element to represent it — contained within an html document.
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Key Values - Web APIs
vent.key special values | modifier keys | whitespace keys | navigation keys | editing keys | ui keys | device keys | ime and composition keys | function keys | phone keys | multimedia keys | audio control keys | tv control keys | media controller keys | speech recognition keys | document keys | application selector keys | browser control keys | numeric keypad keys special values values of key which have special meanings other than identifying a specific key or character.
... this can happen due to hardware or software constraints, or because of constraints around the platform on which the user agent is running.
... varies varies varies varies modifier keys modifiers are special keys which are used to generate special characters or cause special actions when used in combination with other keys.
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Capabilities, constraints, and settings - Web APIs
figuring this out has often been difficult, and has usually involved looking at some combination of which user agent (or browser) you're running on, which version it is, looking to see if certain objects exist, trying to see whether various things work or not and determining what errors occur, and so forth.
... the result has been a lot of very fragile code, or a reliance on libraries which figure this stuff out for you, then implement polyfills to patch the holes in the implementation on your behalf.
... overview the process works like this (using mediastreamtrack as an example): if needed, call mediadevices.getsupportedconstraints() to get the list of supported constraints, which tells you what constrainable properties the browser knows about.
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CustomizableUI.jsm
manage the areas in which these widgets are shown.
...this is handled by customizemode.jsm, which interacts with customizableui through a listener mechanism.
... areas areas are parts of the user interface in which customizable widgets can be placed.
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Geometry and reference spaces in WebXR - Web APIs
in this article, we introduce the ways in which webxr expands upon the geometry of webgl, and how the positions and orientations of objects—both physical and virtual—are described in relation to one another using spaces and, in particular, reference spaces.
... the webgl coordinates and lengths are transformed automatically at render time to the size of the viewport in which the scene is being rendered.
...the following code snippet shows two simple functions, degreestoradians() and radianstodegrees(), which convert back and forth between the two units for measuring angles.
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IME handling guide
and editor sets these ime selections from mozilla::textrangetype which are sent by mozilla::widgetcompositionevent as mozilla::textrangearray.
... this is also used by mozilla::textinputprocessor which can emulates (or implements) ime with chrome script.
...this represents a dom text event which is not in any standards.
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source-editor.jsm
index number an integer value indicating the result of the most recent find operation; this is the index into the text at which str was found, or -1 if the string wasn't found.
... lastfound number the index of the previous location at which str was found, for multiple find operations (such as find() followed by findnext()).
...faults.showannotationruler false sourceeditor.defaults.showlinenumbers false sourceeditor.defaults.showoverviewruler false sourceeditor.defaults.tabsize 4 sourceeditor.defaults.theme sourceeditor.themes.mozilla sourceeditor.defaults.undolimit 200 event name constants these constants provide the names of the editor events for which you can listen.
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Timing element visibility with the Intersection Observer API - Web APIs
in this article, we'll build a mock blog which has a number of ads interspersed among the contents of the page, then use the intersection observer api to track how much time each ad is visible to the user.
...the first column (sized automatically based on its content) is used for the sidebar and the second column (which will be used for body content) is sized to be at least the width of the contents of the column and at most all remaining available space.
... articles each article is contained in an <article> element, styled like this: article { background-color: white; padding: 6px; } article:not(:last-child) { margin-bottom: 8px; } article h2 { margin-top: 0; } this creates article boxes with a white background which float atop the blue background, with a small margin around the article.
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Index - HTTP
2 accept http, http header, reference, request header the accept request http header advertises which content types, expressed as mime types, the client is able to understand.
... 3 accept-charset content negotiation, http, http header, reference, request header the accept-charset request http header advertises which character set the client is able to understand.
... 4 accept-encoding content negotiation, http, http header, reference, request header the accept-encoding request http header advertises which content encoding, usually a compression algorithm, the client is able to understand.
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Web audio codec guide - Web media technologies
common codecs the list below denotes the codecs most commonly used on the web and which containers (file types) support them.
... if all you need to know is which codecs are even possible to use, this is for you.
... of course, individual browsers may or may not choose to support all of these codecs, and their support for which container types can use them may vary as well.
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Digital audio concepts - Web media technologies
representing audio in digital form involves a number of steps and processes, with multiple formats available both for the raw audio and the encoded or compressed audio which is actually used on the web.
...the granularity of an audio wave in the real world, then, is that of an individual molecule of the medium through which the sound wave is traveling.
... the sounds a person hears every day are, then, actually vibrations in the air which cause the inner workings of the ear.
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Application Translation with Mercurial
check what is available for translation find out on which branch localization is done for your locale: read your localization team's page by clicking on the team with your language code (e.g.
... in the section "applications & sign-offs", you will find different products and branches which are currently in translation.
... file comparison program for the translation, it is recommend to use file comparison program to compare the english file (containing the new texts) with the file of your locale (which is still missing the new strings).
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An overview of NSS Internals
in order to support multiple operating systems (os), it is based on a cross platform portability layer, called the netscape portable runtime (nspr), which provides cross platform application programming interfaces (apis) for os specific apis like file system access, memory management, network communication, and multithreaded programming.
...(note that it's important to look at the number 11, as there are other pkcs standards with different numbers that define quite different topics.) a software or hardware module conforming to the pkcs#11 standard implements an interface of c calls, which allow querying the characteristics and offered services of the module.
...the trust assigned by the third party might be restricted to certain uses, which are listed in certificate extensions that are contained in the certificate.
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<input>: The Input (Form Input) element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
this table is followed by a list describing each attribute in greater detail, along with which input types they are associated with.those that are common to most or all input types are defined in greater detail below.
... attributes that are unique to particular input types—or attributes which are common to all input types but have special behaviors when used on a given input type—are instead documented on those types' pages.
... individual attributes accept valid for the file input type only, the accept attribute defines which file types are selectable in a file upload control.
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A re-introduction to JavaScript (JS tutorial) - JavaScript
several months after that, netscape submitted javascript to ecma international, a european standards organization, which resulted in the first edition of the ecmascript standard that year.
...oh, and undefined and null, which are ...
...and array, which is a special kind of object.
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Cascade and inheritance - Learn web development
overview: building blocks next the aim of this lesson is to develop your understanding of some of the most fundamental concepts of css — the cascade, specificity, and inheritance — which control how css is applied to html and how conflicts are resolved.
...usually the problem is that you have created two rules which could potentially apply to the same element.
... the cascade, and the closely-related concept of specificity, are mechanisms that control which rule applies when there is such a conflict.
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NSS API Guidelines
the libraries section descibes the nss libraries, the functionality each provides, and the layer in which the library (mostly) operates.
...the areas which need the most work (both here and throughout the code) is: the relationship of the certificate library with just about every other component (most noticeably pkcs #12, pkcs #7, and pkcs #11) splitting low key and high key components more clearly the crypto wrappers (pkcs #11 wrappers) and high key pkcs #12 and pkcs #5 libraries nss compiles into the libraries described below.
... the layer indicates the main layer, seen in the previous diagram, in which the library operates.
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sslfnc.html
important: this nss function is not intended for use with ssl, which requires that the certificate and key database files be opened.
...the factory setting for this option (which is the default, unless the application changes the default) is off (pr_false), which means that the application will not do simultaneous reads and writes.
... ssl_cipherprefsetdefault enables or disables ssl2 or ssl3 cipher suites (subject to which cipher suites are permitted or disallowed by previous calls to one or more of the ssl export policy functions).
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An Overview of XPCOM
the brief sections in this chapter introduce the concepts at a very high level, so that we can discuss and use them with more familiarity in the tutorial itself, which describes the creation of a mozilla component called weblock.
... the xpcom solution the cross platform component object module (xpcom) is a framework which allows developers to break up monolithic software projects into smaller modularized pieces.
...in order to allow interoperability between components within an application, xpcom separates the implementation of a component from the interface, which we discuss in interfaces.
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Intersection Observer API - Web APIs
historically, detecting visibility of an element, or the relative visibility of two elements in relation to each other, has been a difficult task for which solutions have been unreliable and prone to causing the browser and the sites the user is accessing to become sluggish.
... the intersection observer api lets code register a callback function that is executed whenever an element they wish to monitor enters or exits another element (or the viewport), or when the amount by which the two intersect changes by a requested amount.
... one thing the intersection observer api can't tell you: the exact number of pixels that overlap or specifically which ones they are; however, it covers the much more common use case of "if they intersect by somewhere around n%, i need to do something." intersection observer concepts and usage the intersection observer api allows you to configure a callback that is called: (1) whenever one element, called the target, intersects either the device viewport or a specified element; for the purpose of this api, this is called the root element or root (2) and whenever the observer is asked to watch a t...
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Window - Web APIs
a global variable, window, representing the window in which the script is running, is exposed to javascript code.
... the window interface is home to a variety of functions, namespaces, objects, and constructors which are not necessarily directly associated with the concept of a user interface window.
... in a tabbed browser, each tab is represented by its own window object; the global window seen by javascript code running within a given tab always represents the tab in which the code is running.
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Chapter 3: Introduction to XUL—How to build a more intuitive UI - Archive of obsolete content
before you learn how to develop extensions, let's learn about xul, the xml-based user-interface language, which is one of the building blocks for extensions.
...similar approaches are found in xaml, which is used in windows vista, and flex, which is used in adobe flash.
... like web pages, which display the same regardless of platform, applications marked up in xul will work the same in any environment where firefox runs.
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Handling common JavaScript problems - Learn web development
for a light introduction; you should also study examples like this one, which shows a typical pattern of saving a this scope to a separate variable, then using that variable in nested functions so you can be sure you are applying functionality to the correct this scope.
... linters as with html and css, you can ensure better quality, less error-prone javascript code using a linter, which points out errors and can also flag up warnings about bad practices, etc., and be customized to be stricter or more relaxed in their error/warning reporting.
... the javascript/ecmascript linters we'd recommend are jshint and eslint; these can be used in a variety of ways, some of which we'll detail below.
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Hacking Tips
this unwinder is able to read the frames created by the jit, and to display the frames which are after these jit frames.
...(gdb) record full (gdb) si (gdb) record goto 0 (gdb) record stop if you have a core file, you can use the gdb unwinder the same way, or do everything from the command line as follow: $ gdb -ex 'enable unwinder .* spidermonkey' -ex 'bt 0' -ex 'thread apply all backtrace' -ex 'quit' out/dist/bin/js corefile the gdb unwinder is supposed to be loaded by dist/bin/js-gdb.py and load python scripts which are located in js/src/gdb/mozilla under gdb.
...if you have no precise idea which function you are looking at, you can set a breakpoint on the js::ion::codegenerator::visitstart function.
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Mozilla internal string guide
this guide documents the string classes which are visible to code within the mozilla codebase (code which is linked into libxul).
... introduction the string classes are a library of c++ classes which are used to manage buffers of wide (16-bit) and narrow (8-bit) character strings.
... in order to avoid unnecessary copying of string data (which can have significant performance cost), the string classes support different ownership models.
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Web Video Text Tracks Format (WebVTT) - Web APIs
webvtt is a text based format, which must be encoded using utf-8.
... a webvtt file (.vtt) contains cues, which can be either a single line or multiple lines, as shown below: webvtt 00:01.000 --> 00:04.000 - never drink liquid nitrogen.
... a blank line, which is equivalent to two consecutive newlines.
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Movement, orientation, and motion: A WebXR example - Web APIs
in this article, we'll make use of information introduced in the previous articles in our webxr tutorial series to construct an example which animates a rotating cube around which the user can move freely using a vr headset, keyboard, and/or mouse.
... dependencies while we will not rely upon any 3d graphics frameworks such as three.js or the like for this example, we do use the glmatrix library for matrix math, which we've used in other examples in the past.
... this example also imports the webxr polyfill maintained by the immersive web working group, which is the team responsible for the webxr api's specification.
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WebXR Device API - Web APIs
webxr is a group of standards which are used together to support rendering 3d scenes to hardware designed for presenting virtual worlds (virtual reality, or vr), or for adding graphical imagery to the real world, (augmented reality, or ar).
... webxr-compatible devices include fully-immersive 3d headsets with motion and orientation tracking, eyeglasses which overlay graphics atop the real world scene passing through the frames, and handheld mobile phones which augment reality by capturing the world with a camera and augment that scene with computer-generated imagery.
... the equipment may also include an accelerometer, barometer, or other sensors which are used to sense when the user moves through space, rotates their head, or the like.
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Image file type and format guide - Web media technologies
firefox, internet explorer, opera, safari tiff tagged image file format image/tiff .tif, .tiff none built-in; add-ons required webp web picture format image/webp .webp chrome, edge, firefox, opera the abbreviation for each format links to a longer description of the format, its capabilities, and detailed browser compatibility information; including which versions introduced support and specific special features that may have been introduced later.
... apng (animated portable network graphics) apng is a file format first introduced by mozilla which extends the png standard to add support for animated images.
... conceptually similar to the animated gif format which has been in use for decades, apng is more capable in that it supports a variety of color depths, whereas animated gif supports only 8-bit indexed color.
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Handling common HTML and CSS problems - Learn web development
in the worst cases, javascript is used to generate the entire web page content and style, which makes your pages inaccessible, and less performant (generating dom elements is expensive).
... in other cases, nascent features are not supported consistently across browsers, which can make some features and styles not work for some users.
...one service that can do this is the w3c markup validation service, which allows you to point to your code, and returns a list of errors: css has a similar story — you need to check that your property names are spelled correctly, property values are spelled correctly and are valid for the properties they are used on, you are not missing any curly braces, and so on.
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Mozilla accessibility architecture
intro this document is for people who wish to understand the architecture of mozilla's accessibility api module, which provides support for platform accessibility apis.
... accessibility apis are used by 3rd party software like screen readers, screen magnifiers, and voice dictation software, which need information about document content and ui controls, as well as important events like changes of focus.
...each of these accessible nodes supports at minimum the generic cross-platform accessibility interface nsiaccessible (which provides a text name, enumerated role identifier and a set of state flags) and sometimes additional interfaces.
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Gecko Roles
role_menubar represents the menu bar (positioned beneath the title bar of a window on most platforms or at the top of the screen on mac os x) from which menus are selected by the user.
... role_scrollbar represents a vertical or horizontal scroll bar, which is part of the client area or used in a control.
... role_grip represents a special mouse pointer, which allows a user to manipulate user interface elements such as windows.
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nsIAccessibleRole
role_menubar 2 represents the menu bar (positioned beneath the title bar of a window) from which menus are selected by the user.
... role_scrollbar 3 represents a vertical or horizontal scroll bar, which is part of the client area or used in a control.
... role_grip 4 represents a special mouse pointer, which allows a user to manipulate user interface elements such as windows.
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WebGL model view projection - Web APIs
the first matrix discussed below is the model matrix, which defines how you take your original model data and move it around in 3d world space.
...any data which extends outside of the clip space is clipped off and not rendered.
...float scalefactor = 0.5; // set w by taking the z value which is typically ranged -1 to 1, then scale // it to be from 0 to some number, in this case 0-1.
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Signaling and video calling - Web APIs
let's take a look which changes we need to make to the chat server support webrtc signaling.
...if that property is present, it specifies the username of the client to which the message is to be sent, and we call sendtooneuser() to send the message to them.
...this means our signaling messages will be in json format, with contents which specify what kind of messages they are as well as any additional information needed in order to handle the messages properly.
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Rendering and the WebXR frame animation callback - Web APIs
this article covers the process of driving the frames of the xr scene to the device in the rendering loop, using the xrsession to obtain an xrframe object representing each frame, which is then used to prepare the framebuffer for delivery to the xr device.
...this begins with getting the reference space in which you want to draw, with its origin and orientation set at the viewer's starting position and viewing direction.
... hardare vertical refresh rate when the browser is ready to refresh the <canvas> within which your webxr content is displayed, it calls your frame rendering callback, which uses the specified timestamp and any other relevant data, such as models and textures, as well as application state, to render the scene—as it should appear at the specified time—into the webgl backbuffer.
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tree - Archive of obsolete content
« xul reference home [ examples | attributes | properties | methods | related ] a container which can be used to hold a tabular or hierarchical set of rows of elements.
...each row of the tree may contain child rows which are displayed indented from the parent.
...there are several ways in which trees are used, as listed below.
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Back to the Server: Server-Side JavaScript On The Rise - Archive of obsolete content
spidermonkey is the code name for the first ever javascript engine, an open source c implementation which can be found embedded in leading software products such as mozilla firefox, adobe acrobat, and aptana jaxer.
... rhino is a java implementation of javascript which is commonly embedded in java applications to expose scripting capability.
...the code in listing 1 is a sample javascript script which incorporates java classes to handle the database query.
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Introduction to web APIs - Learn web development
common browser apis in particular, the most common categories of browser apis you'll use (and which we'll cover in this module in greater detail) are: apis for manipulating documents loaded into the browser.
... the most obvious example is the dom (document object model) api, which allows you to manipulate html and css — creating, removing and changing html, dynamically applying new styles to your page, etc.
...you may also come across the term ajax, which describes this technique.
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Third-party APIs - Learn web development
note: you might want to just get all our code examples at once, in which case you can then just search the repo for the example files you need in each section.
...for example: let map = l.mapquest.map('map', { center: [53.480759, -2.242631], layers: l.mapquest.tilelayer('map'), zoom: 12 }); here we are creating a variable to store the map information in, then creating a new map using the mapquest.map() method, which takes as its parameters the id of a <div> element you want to display the map in ('map'), and an options object containing the details of the particular map we want to display.
... third party apis have a slightly different permissions system — they tend to use developer keys to allow developers access to the api functionality, which is more to protect the api vendor than the user.
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DMD
in this mode, dmd tracks the contents of the heap, including which heap blocks have been reported by memory reporters.
...originally, this was the only mode that dmd had, which explains dmd's name.
...this can be used to investigate leaks by figuring out which objects might be holding references to other objects.
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Building the WebLock UI
it uses xul, which is an xml language that gecko knows how to render as user interface, but it also interacts with particular parts of the mozilla user interface, where it must install itself as an extension to the ui.
...that function uses the opendialog method from the window object and takes the url to the xul file in which the dialog is defined: function loadweblock() { window.opendialog("chrome://weblock/weblock.xul"); } xul the entire user interface of the mozilla browser and all of the applications that go with it, including the mail client, the irc client, and others, have been defined in an xml language called xul.
... the xul document the first thing to do is create the actual xul document in which the user interface for the dialog and the events that initiate interaction with the web locking are defined.
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Using the Screen Capture API - Web APIs
capturing screen contents capturing screen contents as a live mediastream is initiated by calling navigator.mediadevices.getdisplaymedia(), which returns a promise that resolves to a stream containing the live screen contents.
...a visible display surface is a surface which is entirely visible on the screen, such as the frontmost window or tab, or the entire screen.
... a logical display surface is one which is in part or completely obscured, either by being overlapped by another object to some extent, or by being entirely hidden or offscreen.
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Codecs used by WebRTC - Web media technologies
which codecs can be within those tracks is not mandated by the webrtc specification.
... supported video codecs webrtc establishes a baseline set of codecs which all compliant browsers are required to support.
... below are the video codecs which are required in any fully webrtc-compliant browser, as well as the profiles which are required and the browsers which actually meet the requirement.
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Using XPInstall to Install Plugins - Archive of obsolete content
a javascript file called install.js, which is the install logic that drives the installation.
... which browsers support xpinstall?
...in particular, this includes: recent netscape browsers such as netscape 6.2.x and netscape 7.0, which are both based on netscape gecko, which is at the core of the mozilla browser recent beta-only versions of the aol software based on netscape gecko, the layout engine of the mozilla project.
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Trees - Archive of obsolete content
the tree is unique in that the body of the tree consists only of a single widget which draws all of the data in the tree.
...when it comes time to display a cell, the tree widget will call out to this tree view to determine what to display, which in turn will be drawn by the tree.
... a tree view is an object which implements the nsitreeview interface.
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tabbrowser - Archive of obsolete content
contentvieweredit type: nsicontentvieweredit this read-only property contains the nsicontentvieweredit which handles clipboard operations on the document.
... documentcharsetinfo obsolete since gecko 12.0 type: nsidocumentcharsetinfo this read-only property contains the nsidocumentcharsetinfo object for the document which is used to handle which character set should be used to display the document.
... markupdocumentviewer type: nsimarkupdocumentviewer this read-only property contains the nsimarkupdocumentviewer which is responsible for drawing the document.
...And 16 more matches

Looping code - Learn web development
programming loops are all to do with doing the same thing over and over again — which is termed iteration in programming speak.
...he might use the following loop to achieve this: a loop usually has one or more of the following features: a counter, which is initialized with a certain value — this is the starting point of the loop ("start: i have no food", above).
... a condition, which is a true/false test to determine whether the loop continues to run, or stops — usually when the counter reaches a certain value.
...And 16 more matches

Client-side storage - Learn web development
our example will allow you enter a name, after which the page will update to give you a personalized greeting.
...add this snippet below your previous code: // stop the form from submitting when a button is pressed form.addeventlistener('submit', function(e) { e.preventdefault(); }); now we need to add an event listener, the handler function of which will run when the "say hello" button is clicked.
... storing complex data — indexeddb the indexeddb api (sometimes abbreviated idb) is a complete database system available in the browser in which you can store complex related data, the types of which aren't limited to simple values like strings or numbers.
...And 16 more matches

Overview of Mozilla embedding APIs
introduction the mozilla public api consists of a collection of services and components which are accessed via xpcom interfaces.
...the service manager exposes all of the available xpcom services - each service represents a global object which provides some piece of functionality.
...the webbrowser exposes a set of interfaces which allow the embedding application to control activity and respond to changes within this client area.
...And 16 more matches

XPCOM array guide
nsimutablearray - a scriptable container for scriptable xpcom objects, which allows addition and removal of member objects.
... nstarray<t> - a c++ class which provides a typesafe container for objects or primitive types (pointers, integers, and so on).
... nscomarray<t> - a c++ class which provides a typesafe, reference-counted container for pointers to a single type of com object.
...And 16 more matches

Component Internals
in this diagram, the outer boundary is that of the module, the shared library in which a component is defined.
... as a component in the xpcom framework illustrates, in addition to the nsgetmodule entry point, there are nsimodule and nsifactory interfaces that control the actual creation of the component, and also the string and xpcom glue parts, which we'll discuss in some detail in the next section (see xpcom glue).
...the component is an abstraction sitting between the actual module in which it is implemented and the objects that its factory code creates for use by clients.
...And 16 more matches

nsIIOService
unsigned long getprotocolflags( in string ascheme ); parameters ascheme the scheme for which to get the protocol flags.
... nsiprotocolhandler getprotocolhandler( in string ascheme ); parameters ascheme the uri scheme for which to get a protocol handler.
...for example for an image load, it's the document in which the image will be loaded.
...And 16 more matches

Plug-in Basics - Plugins
with the plug-in api, you can create dynamically loaded plug-ins that can: register one or more mime types draw into a part of a browser window receive keyboard and mouse events obtain data from the network using urls post data to urls add hyperlinks or hotspots that link to new urls draw into sections on an html page communicate with javascript/dom from native code you can see which plug-ins are installed on your system and have been properly associated with the browser by consulting the installed plug-ins page.
... because plug-ins are platform-specific, you must port them to every operating system and processor platform upon which you want to deploy your plug-in.
...these functions are exported from the plug-in dll and accessed with a system table lookup, which means that they are not related to any particular plug-in instance.
...And 16 more matches

AddressErrors - Web APIs
any members which is present indicates that a validation error occurred for the member of the same name in an address described using paymentaddress.
... properties addressline a domstring which, if present, indicates that the addressline property of the paymentaddress could not be validated.
... city a domstring which, if present, indicates that the city property of the paymentaddress could not be validated.
...And 16 more matches

Background Tasks API - Web APIs
use idle callbacks for tasks which don't have high priority.
...if you make changes that affect layout, you may force a situation in which the browser has to stop and do recalculations that would otherwise be unnecessary.
...for example, anything which might affect layout should be avoided.
...And 16 more matches

MediaDevices.getUserMedia() - Web APIs
the mediadevices.getusermedia() method prompts the user for permission to use a media input which produces a mediastream with tracks containing the requested types of media.
...here's a full example: { audio: true, video: { width: { min: 1024, ideal: 1280, max: 1920 }, height: { min: 576, ideal: 720, max: 1080 } } } an ideal value, when used, has gravity, which means that the browser will try to find the setting (and camera, if you have more than one), with the smallest fitness distance from the ideal values given.
... plain values are inherently ideal, which means that the first of our resolution examples above could have been written like this: { audio: true, video: { width: { ideal: 1280 }, height: { ideal: 720 } } } not all constraints are numbers.
...And 16 more matches

<input type="email"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
value a domstring representing an e-mail address, or empty events change and input supported common attributes autocomplete, list, maxlength, minlength, multiple, name,pattern, placeholder, readonly, required, size, and type idl attributes list and value methods select() value the <input> element's value attribute contains a domstring which is automatically validated as conforming to e-mail syntax.
... multiple a boolean attribute which, if present, indicates that the user can enter a list of multiple e-mail addresses, separated by commas and, optionally, whitespace characters.
...however, if you add the multiple attribute, a list of zero e-mail addresses (an empty string, or one which is entirely whitespace) is a valid value.
...And 16 more matches

Appendix D: Loading Scripts - Archive of obsolete content
each of these means has its own advantages and disadvantages, as well as its own quirks which may trap the unwary.
... the examples below which make use of the services global assume that you're previously imported the services.jsm module.
...these tags are generally inserted into xul overlay files or other xul documents, after which they are automatically loaded into the context of the xul window in question and executed immediately and synchronously.
...And 15 more matches

JXON - Archive of obsolete content
jxon (lossless javascript xml object notation) is a generic name by which is defined the representation of javascript objects using xml.
...there are some cases in which the whole content of an xml document must be read from the javascript interpreter (like for web-apps languages or settings xml documents, for example).
... the following algorithms are somewhat based on the parker convention, version 0.4, which prescribes the transformation of tags names into object properties names and the recognition of the typeof of all the collected text content of each tag (plain text parsing); but with some differences (so, one can say that we follow a our convention).
...And 15 more matches

Menu - Archive of obsolete content
note: this page documents the jetpack prototype, which has since been replaced by the add-on sdk.
...two namespaces are associated with this api: jetpack.menu, which provides access to the browser's menus, and jetpack.menu, the constructor for making new menus.
...menu is the menu object to which beforehide is attached.
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Commands - Archive of obsolete content
« previousnext » a command is an operation which may be invoked.
... command elements the command element is used to create commands which can be used to carry out operations.
...if you did not use commands, you would need to figure out which field has the focus, then check to ensure that the operation is suitable for that element.
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XPCOM Interfaces - Archive of obsolete content
« previousnext » in this section, we'll take a brief look at xpcom (cross-platform component object model), which is the object system that mozilla uses.
...we can attach scripts which modify the interface and perform tasks.
...for example, if we wanted to create a mail application, we would need to write scripts which would connect to mail servers to retrieve and send mail.
...And 15 more matches

Introduction to CSS layout - Learn web development
by understanding what each method is designed for you will be in a good place to understand which is the best layout tool for each task.
...let's look at a quick html example: <p>i love my cat.</p> <ul> <li>buy cat food</li> <li>exercise</li> <li>cheer up friend</li> </ul> <p>the end!</p> by default, the browser will display this code as follows: note here how the html is displayed in the exact order in which it appears in the source code, with elements stacked up on top of one another — the first paragraph, followed by the unordered list, followed by the second paragraph.
... the elements that appear one below the other are described as block elements, in contrast to inline elements, which appear one beside the other, like the individual words in a paragraph.
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Manipulating documents - Learn web development
objective: to gain familiarity with the core dom apis, and the other apis commonly associated with dom and document manipulation the important parts of a web browser web browsers are very complicated pieces of software with a lot of moving parts, many of which can't be controlled or manipulated by a web developer using javascript.
...there are a few really obvious bits you'll reference regularly in your code — consider the following diagram, which represents the main parts of a browser directly involved in viewing web pages: the window is the browser tab that a web page is loaded into; this is represented in javascript by the window object.
...try opening this up in your browser — it is a very simple page containing a <section> element inside which you can find an image, and a paragraph with a link inside.
...And 15 more matches

Bytecode Descriptions
this is used for code like ++obj[index], which must do both a jsop::getelem and a jsop::setelem with the same property key.
...both operations call a js method which scripts can define however they want, so they check afterwards that the method returned an object.
...the resume point indicated by resumeindex must be the next instruction in the script, which must be afteryield.
...And 15 more matches

Component; nsIPrefBranch
inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 58 (firefox 58 / thunderbird 58 / seamonkey 2.55) this object is created with a "root" value which describes the base point in the preferences "tree" from which this "branch" stems.
... requires gecko 58 void setstringpref(in string aprefname, in utf8string avalue); void setcomplexvalue(in string aprefname, in nsiidref atype, in nsisupports avalue); void setintpref(in string aprefname, in long avalue); void unlockpref(in string aprefname); attributes attribute type description root string called to get the root on which this branch is based, such as "browser.startup." read only.
... atopic - the string defined by ns_prefbranch_prefchange_topic_id adata - the name of the preference which has changed, relative to the "root" of the asubject branch.
...And 15 more matches

Using the clipboard
this component implements the interface nsiclipboardhelper, which has a function copystring that can be used to copy a string.
...the third is an object which is used to transfer the data from the first object to the clipboard.
... the clipboard model in mozilla requires you to perform the following steps to copy data: create an xpcom wrapper for the data which you want to put on the clipboard.
...And 15 more matches

MediaTrackConstraints - Web APIs
for each constraint, you can typically specify an exact value you need, an ideal value you want, a range of acceptable values, and/or a value which you'd like to be as close to as possible.
... properties of all media tracks deviceid a constraindomstring object specifying a device id or an array of device ids which are acceptable and/or required.
... groupid a constraindomstring object specifying a group id or an array of group ids which are acceptable and/or required.
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WebRTC connectivity - Web APIs
the information we need to exchange is the offer and answer which just contains the sdp mentioned below.
...the recipient then responds with an answer, which is a description of their end of the call.
...this exchange is handled using interactive connectivity establishment (ice, a protocol which lets two devices use an intermediary to exchange offers and answers even if the two devices are separated by network address translation (nat).
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Fundamentals of WebXR - Web APIs
together, these technologies are referred to as mixed reality, which is abbreviated xr.
...the most obvious difference, at the highest level, is that webxr supports not just virtual reality applications, but also augmented reality, which blends virtual objects with the user's true physical environment.
... field of view the term field of view (fov) is one which applies to any visual technology, from old film cameras to modern digital video cameras, including the cameras in computers and mobile devices.
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Starting up and shutting down a WebXR session - Web APIs
there is a global xrsystem object available for use by your document through the the navigator property xr, which returns the xrsystem object if suitable xr hardware is available for your use given the hardware available and your document's environment.
... webxr polyfill the team designing the webxr specification has published a webxr polyfill which you can use to simulate webxr on browsers which don't have support for the webxr apis.
...otherwise, the polyfill falls back to an implementation which uses google's cardboard vr api.
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Applying color to HTML elements using CSS - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
among the options for the shadow is the shadow's base color (which is then blurred and blended with the background based on the other parameters).
...it's generally used as a focus indicator, to show which element will receive input events.
... you can use the border shorthand property, which lets you configure everything about the border in one shot (including non-color features of borders, such as its width, style (solid, dashed, etc.), and so forth.
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The "codecs" parameter in common media types - Web media technologies
as is the case with any mime type parameter, codecs must be changed to codecs* (note the asterisk character, *) if any of the properties of the codec use special characters which must be percent-encoded per rfc 2231, section 4: mime parameter value and encoded word extensions.
... ll the two-digit level number, which is converted to the x.y format level format, where x = 2 + (ll >> 2) and y = ll & 3.
...this value must be one of 8, 10, or 12; which values are valid varies depending on the profile and other properties.
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cfx - Archive of obsolete content
cfx xpi package your add-on as an xpi file, which is the install file format for firefox add-ons.
... there are also a number of internal commands, which are more likely to be useful to sdk developers than to add-on developers.
... for example, to pass the -jsconsole argument to firefox, which will launch the javascript error console, try the following: cfx run --binary-args -jsconsole to pass multiple arguments, or arguments containing spaces, quote them: cfx run --binary-args '-url "www.mozilla.org" -jsconsole' --extra-packages=extra_packages extra packages to include, specified as a comma-separated list of package names.
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Style System Overview - Archive of obsolete content
1 matching rule: use value 2+ matching rules: cascade decides which wins: sort by origin (ua, user, author) & weight (!important), then specificity of selector, then order example document source <doc> <title>a few quotes</title> <para class="emph"> franklin said that <quote>"a penny saved is a penny earned."</quote> </para> <para> fdr said <quote>"we have nothing to fear but <span class="emph"...
... the nsistyleruleprocessor interface implemented by cssruleprocessor, htmlstylesheetimpl, and htmlcssstylesheetimpl has a rulesmatching method, which is required to call nsrulewalker::forward on any rules that match the element.
... (we'll see what this does later.) the main argument to rulesmatching is a structure of enumeration data that implementations use to determine more quickly which rules match.
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Introduction to XUL - Archive of obsolete content
xul (pronounced "zool," as if that spelling helped any, and short for "xml user interface language") is our name for the language in which these ui descriptions are built.
...in fact, it is just xml with specific meaning defined for a few element types, and into which html can be scattered.
...ui designers will be able to create ui descriptions which will work on multiple platforms.
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Using the Editor from XUL - Archive of obsolete content
note that the <editor> element is really just an <iframe> which takes over some of the task of creating the editor from javascript.
...that which you get from window._content.
...it does some getting of window.arguments (which is a way callers can pass parameters to new windows -- we use this to get the url to be loaded), then it calls editorstartup(), where the real work happens.
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Introduction to Public-Key Cryptography - Archive of obsolete content
to get a driver's license, you typically apply to a government agency, such as the department of motor vehicles, which verifies your identity, your ability to drive, your address, and other information before issuing the license.
... to get a student id, you apply to a school or college, which performs different checks (such as whether you have paid your tuition) before issuing the id.
...the methods used to validate an identity vary depending on the policies of a given ca-just as the methods to validate other forms of identification vary depending on who is issuing the id and the purpose for which it will be used.
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Introduction to SSL - Archive of obsolete content
among its other functions, the ssl handshake protocol determines how the server and client negotiate which cipher suites they will use to authenticate each other, to transmit certificates, and to establish session keys.
... key-exchange algorithms like kea and rsa key exchange govern the way in which the server and client determine the symmetric keys they will both use during an ssl session.
... decisions about which cipher suites a particular organization decides to enable depend on trade-offs among the sensitivity of the data involved, the speed of the cipher, and the applicability of export rules.
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Object prototypes - Learn web development
previous overview: objects next prototypes are the mechanism by which javascript objects inherit features from one another.
...in the next article, we talk about the modern way of doing things, which provides easier syntax to achieve the same things — see ecmascript 2015 classes.
... javascript is often described as a prototype-based language — to provide inheritance, objects can have a prototype object, which acts as a template object that it inherits methods and properties from.
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Gecko info for Windows accessibility vendors
ajax: asynchronous javascript and xml ajax is a method of building interactive web applications that process user requests, user actions immediately in real time, unlike an http request, during which users must wait for a whole page to reload or for a new page to load.
...going forward, this may be the only way to efficiently find the content area, as mozilla will begin to become a windowless application, with an exception for plugins which create their own window.
...these roles can occur on content because of the new accessible dhtml technology which allows the author to specify the type of document or container.
...And 14 more matches

Mozilla DOM Hacking Guide
in this document i will try to outline the main aspects of the implementation, beginning with the class info mechanism, which lies at the heart of the dom, then with the description of various interfaces and classes.
...the nsixpcscriptable interface, implemented by the nsdomclassinfo class (see section) defines several flags, one of which is the want_getproperty flag.
... when set, it allows us to define a getproperty() function on nshistorysh (the helper class for the history object), which will handle the array behavior.
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Index - Firefox Developer Tools
2 3d view html, tools, web development, web development:tools when you click on the 3d view button, the page goes into 3d view mode; in this mode, you can see your page presented in a 3d view in which nested blocks of html are increasingly "tall," projecting outward from the bottom of the page.
... 7 dom inspector faq dom_inspector the file menu contains approaches which will allow you to inspect a document.
...this is the two-pane inspector that appears when ctrl+shift+i (or cmd+shift+i) is pressed from one of the applications for which dom inspector has explicit support (i.e., menuitems placed via overlay).
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Creating a cross-browser video player - Developer guides
a poster image is defined for the video, and the preload attribute is set to metadata, which informs the browser that it should initially only attempt to load the metadata from the video file rather than the entire video file.
...the next step is to define a custom control set, also in html, which will be used to control the video.
... once again the html is quite straightforward, using an unordered list with list-style-type:none set to enclose the controls, each of which is a list item with float:left.
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<input type="url"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
value the <input> element's value attribute contains a domstring which is automatically validated as conforming to url syntax.
... readonly a boolean attribute which, if present, means this field cannot be edited by the user.
... spellcheck spellcheck is a global attribute which is used to indicate whether or not to enable spell checking for an element.
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HTTP headers - HTTP
expires the date/time after which the response is considered stale.
... dpr a number that indicates the client’s current device pixel ratio (dpr), which is the ratio of physical pixels over css pixels (section 5.2 of [cssval]) of the layout viewport (section 9.1.1 of [css2]) on the device.
... accept-charset which character encodings the client understands.
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The building blocks of responsive design - Progressive web apps (PWAs)
one approach to this is to create different versions of your site/app for different platforms or browsers and serve them appropriately after detecting which browser or platform is looking at your site.
... it is usually much better to create a single version of your code which doesn't care about what browser or platform is accessing the site, but instead uses feature tests to find out what code features the browser supports or what the values of certain browser features are, and then adjusts the code appropriately.
... we've written a simple-but-fun prototype for an application called snapshot, which takes a video stream from your webcam (using getusermedia()) then allows you to capture stills from that video stream (using html5 <canvas>), and save them to a gallery.
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jpm - Archive of obsolete content
on debian and ubuntu, this can be remedied by ensuring you installed the compatibility package, nodejs-legacy: sudo apt-get install nodejs-legacy on other distributions, you may have to create a local symlink to nodejs manually: sudo ln -s "$(which nodejs)" /usr/local/bin/node installing jpm after you have npm installed and node on your path, install jpm just as you would any other npm package.
...any add-on which you are in the process of developing) in the branded release or beta versions of firefox.
... jpm xpi package your add-on as an xpi file, which is the install file format for firefox add-ons.
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JavaScript Daemons Management - Archive of obsolete content
advantages of this approch: abstraction passage of this object to javascript timers (both setinterval and settimeout) optimisation (avoiding closures) modularity the code the code of this framework is split into three files: daemon.js (the core) daemon-safe.js (an extension of the core which adds a replacement of setinterval with a recursive invocation of settimeout) daemon-methods.js (a wide and highly scalable collection of methods) the only independent module is daemon.js: both the daemon-safe.js module and the daemon-methods.js module require daemon.js to work.
... about the “callback arguments” polyfill in order to make this framework compatible with internet explorer (which doesn't support sending additional parameters to timers' callback function, neither with settimeout() or setinterval()) we included the ie-specific compatibility code (commented code), which enables the html5 standard parameters' passage functionality in that browser for both timers (polyfill), at the end of the daemon.js module.
... * *******************************/ /******************************* * polyfills * *******************************/ /*\ |*| |*| ie-specific polyfill which enables the passage of arbitrary arguments to the |*| callback functions of javascript timers (html5 standard syntax).
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The Implementation of the Application Object Model - Archive of obsolete content
where html describes the contents of a single document, xul describes the contents of an entire window (which could itself contain multiple html documents).
...by keeping the dom tree in a sandbox (safely insulated from the containing aom tree in which it might occur), you have an easy means of distinguishing the two trees and preventing scripts in the dom tree from manipulating the aom tree.
...if xul is dropped from the picture, then dialogs would have to be described using native widgetry (unless you're willing to design an html dialog system, which still wouldn't cut it without extending html), and communicator would have to ship with both widget sets.
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WAI-ARIA basics - Learn web development
as a result, developers quite often rely on javascript libraries that generate such controls as a series of nested <div>s or table elements with classnames, which are then styled using css and controlled using javascript.
...many of these are so-called landmark roles, which largely duplicate the semantic value of html5 structural elements e.g.
... role="navigation" (<nav>) or role="complementary" (<aside>), but there are also others that describe different pages structures, such as role="banner", role="search", role="tabgroup", role="tab", etc., which are commonly found in uis.
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The box model - Learn web development
as mentioned above, boxes in css have an outer display type, which details whether the box is block or inline.
... boxes also have an inner display type, however, which dictates how elements inside that box are laid out.
... by default, the elements inside a box are laid out in normal flow, which means that they behave just like any other block and inline elements (as explained above).
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Introduction to automated testing - Learn web development
automation makes things easy throughout this module we have detailed loads of different ways in which you can test your websites and apps, and explained the sort of scope your cross-browser testing efforts should have in terms of what browsers to test, accessibility considerations, and more.
...there are two main ways in which we can automate the tests we've been talking about in this module: use a task runner such as grunt or gulp, or npm scripts to run tests and clean up code during your build process.
...note that node comes with node package manager (npm), which allows you to easily install packages, share your own packages with others, and run useful scripts on your projects.
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Introducing a complete toolchain - Learn web development
however, this project has only 4 svg images, which were manually minified using svgo before adding them to the project.
...in the next chapter we will push to a github code repository, which will cause a cascade effect that (should) deploy all the software to a home on the web.
... netlify is a hosting service for static websites (that is, websites that entirely consist of files that do not change in real time), which lets us deploy multiple times a day and freely hosts static sites of all kinds.
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PKCS #11 Module Specs
in additions applications/libraries should be able to ignore additional name value pairs which are used to specify configuration for other applications.
...pkcs #11 libraries which accept parameters must check if the 'new' preserved field is null if and only if libraryparameters field is not null.
... trustorder - integer value specifying the order in which the trust information for certificates specified by tokens on this pkcs #11 library should be rolled up.
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JIT Optimization Strategies
provide a repository of jit optimization strategy information which the jit coach tool can parse to display in its ui.
...it applies to property accesses on objects which are global-like in that there is only one instance of them per program.
...the different success and failure conditions are documented below: getprop_staticname attempts to optimize a property access on window which refers to a property on the global object.
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Creating the Component Code
specifically, the component library has to contain implementations for the component-related interfaces described in this chapter: nsimodule and nsifactory, which are entry points for your implementation code.
...as you can see in onion peel view of xpcom component creation, the main accessor for the xpcom object is createinstance, which is expected to return the object that matches a given cid and iid pair.
...for example, including nsicomponentmanager.idl without mozilla_strict_api defined will include the following headers, which are not supported across versions (unfrozen): nscomponentmanagerutils.h nscomponentmanagerobsolete.h these variables are picked up by files that do not specify themselves as mozilla_strict_api.
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Mozilla
mozilla strives to make its software accessible; the documents below cover the ways in which we do so.
...all top level document loading (navigation) channels are set chooseapplicationcache flag, which happens in nsdocshell::douriload().
...this article looks over some of them and tries to sort out which should be used under what circumstances.
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BaseAudioContext - Web APIs
troke="#d4dde4" stroke-width="2px" /><text x="231" y="30" font-size="12px" font-family="consolas,monaco,andale mono,monospace" fill="#4d4e53" text-anchor="middle" alignment-baseline="middle">baseaudiocontext</text></a></svg></div> a:hover text { fill: #0095dd; pointer-events: all;} properties baseaudiocontext.audioworklet read only secure context returns the audioworklet object, which can be used to create and manage audionodes in which javascript code implementing the audioworkletprocessor interface are run in the background to process audio data.
... baseaudiocontext.createanalyser() creates an analysernode, which can be used to expose audio time and frequency data and for example to create data visualisations.
... baseaudiocontext.createbiquadfilter() creates a biquadfilternode, which represents a second order filter configurable as several different common filter types: high-pass, low-pass, band-pass, etc baseaudiocontext.createbuffer() creates a new, empty audiobuffer object, which can then be populated by data and played via an audiobuffersourcenode.
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Using IndexedDB - Web APIs
do something with the results (which can be found on the request object).
... important: the version number is an unsigned long long number, which means that it can be a very big integer.
...}; which of the two functions, onsuccess() or onerror(), gets called?
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Establishing a connection: The WebRTC perfect negotiation pattern - Web APIs
the perfect negotiation pattern is an example of the ways in which negotiation have improved since the early days of webrtc.
...negotiation is an inherently asymmetric operation: one side needs to serve as the "caller" while the other peer is the "callee." the perfect negotiation pattern smooths this difference away by separating that difference out into independent negotiation logic, so that your application doesn't need to care which end of the connection it is.
... perfect negotiation works by assigning each of the two peers a role to play in the negotiation process that's entirely separate from the webrtc connection state: a polite peer, which uses ice rollback to prevent collisions with incoming offers.
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Background audio processing using AudioWorklet - Web APIs
an audio context's audio worklet is a worklet which runs off the main thread, executing audio processing code added to it by calling the context's audioworklet.addmodule() method.
... calling addmodule() loads the specified javascript file, which should contain the implementation of the audio processor.
... with the processor registered, you can create a new audioworkletnode which passes the audio through the processor's code when the node is linked into the chain of audio nodes along with any other audio nodes.
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MMgc - Archive of obsolete content
another way to think about it: unmanaged memory is c++ operators new and delete managed memory is c++ operator new, with optional delete mmgc contains a page allocator called gcheap, which allocates large blocks (megabytes) of memory from the system and doles out 4kb pages to the unmanaged memory allocator (fixedmalloc) and the managed memory allocator (gc).
...it has a get method which returns the pointer to the original object, or null if that object has already been destroyed.
...myobject* myobject = new (gc) myobject(); dwb/drc/drcwb there are several smart pointer templates which must be used in your c++ code to work properly with mmgc.
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Drag and Drop JavaScript Wrapper - Archive of obsolete content
it works by providing an object which implements the event handlers.
... all you have to do is write some simpler functions which work with the data being dragged.
...the library also depends on another script library, which you should also include, usually at the top of your xul file.
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XUL element attributes - Archive of obsolete content
this attribute, if true, which is the default, allows a datasource to negate an earlier assertion.
...this attribute, if true, which is the default, allows a datasource to negate an earlier assertion.
... container type: boolean set to true if the element is to act as a container which can have child elements.
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browser - Archive of obsolete content
« xul reference home [ examples | attributes | properties | methods | related ] a xul <browser> element represents a frame which is expected to contain a view of a web document.
... the type of browser, which can be used to set access of the document loaded inside the browser.
...this is the preferred value for any browser element in an application, which will use multiple browsers of equal privileges, and is unselected at the moment.
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LiveConnect Overview - Archive of obsolete content
all javascript access to java takes place with these objects, which are summarized in the following table.
...for example, the following code creates the javaarray x with ten elements of type int: var x = java.lang.reflect.array.newinstance(java.lang.integer, 10); like the javascript array object, javaarray has a length property which returns the number of elements in the array.
...in the following example, the forname method creates a wrapper object theclass, which is then passed to the newinstance method to create an array.
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CSS values and units - Learn web development
this means that if you see <color> as valid you don't need to wonder which of the different types of color value can be used — keywords, hex values, rgb() functions, etc.
...i've set a font size of 1em on the containing <div>, which has a class of .wrapper.
...you can see which values are accepted on the mdn property reference pages.
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Fundamental text and font styling - Learn web development
the css properties used to style text generally fall into two categories, which we'll look at separately in this article: font styles: properties that affect the font that is applied to the text, affecting what font is applied, how big it is, whether it is bold, italic, etc.
...in this example we'll apply some different css properties to the same html sample, which looks like this: <h1>tommy the cat</h1> <p>well i remember it as though it were a meal ago...</p> <p>said tommy the cat as he reeled back to clear whatever foreign matter may have nestled its way into his mighty throat.
...but it was a rare occasion such as this that he did.</p> you can find the finished example on github (see also the source code.) color the color property sets the color of the foreground content of the selected elements (which is usually the text, but can also include a couple of other things, such as an underline or overline placed on text using the text-decoration property).
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Introduction to events - Learn web development
previous overview: building blocks next events are actions or occurrences that happen in the system you are programming, which the system tells you about so you can respond to them in some way if desired.
... a series of fortunate events as mentioned above, events are actions or occurrences that happen in the system you are programming — the system produces (or "fires") a signal of some kind when an event occurs, and provides a mechanism by which an action can be automatically taken (that is, some code running) when the event occurs.
... each available event has an event handler, which is a block of code (usually a javascript function that you as a programmer create) that runs when the event fires.
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NSS tools : modutil
-default modulename specify the security mechanisms for which the named module will be a default provider.
...this is covered in the jar installation file section in the man page, which details the special script needed to perform an installation through a server or with modutil.
... -undefault modulename specify the security mechanisms for which the named module will not be a default provider.
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NSS tools : modutil
-default modulename specify the security mechanisms for which the named module will be a default provider.
...this is covered in the jar installation file section in the man page, which details the special script needed to perform an installation through a server or with modutil.
... -undefault modulename specify the security mechanisms for which the named module will not be a default provider.
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Places utilities for JavaScript
lmanno_feeduri - need to clarify here too, but i think for each livemark, there is an bookmark which contains an annotation storing the associated feed uri.
... lmanno_siteuri - need to clarify here, but i think for each livemark, there is an bookmark which contains an annotation storing the associated site uri.
... localstore warning: local store provided access to the local-store rdf data source, which stores persisted information about the browser.
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nsIDOMWindowUtils
elementsrestyled read only unsigned long long the number of elements which have been restyled for the current document.
...on gtk2, users can use "simple ime" which only supports dead key inputting.
... double computeanimationdistance( in nsidomelement element, in astring property, in astring value1, in astring value2 ); parameters element property value1 value2 return value createcompositionstringsynthesizer() obsolete since gecko 38 method for creating an instance which has nsicompositionstringsynthesizer.
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nsITextInputProcessor
nsidomwindowutils has provided the methods which dispatched keyboard events and composition events almost directly.
... the second argument, callback, should be an object which implements nsitextinputprocessorcallback or just a function which is the same as nsitextinputprocessorcallback.onnotify().
...var dodefault = tip.keydown(keyevent); when you dispatch keyup event, just do this: var keyevent = new keyboardevent("", { key: "a", code: "keya", keycode: keyboardevent.dom_vk_a }); var dodefault = tip.keyup(keyevent); startcomposition(), flushpendingcomposition(), commitcomposition(), commitcompositionwith(), and cancelcomposition() can take a keyboardevent which causes modifying the composition state.
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XPIDL
idls make it possible to define interfaces which can then be processed by tools to autogenerate language-dependent interface specifications.
... note: starting in gecko 9.0, the older xpidl utility, which was previously used to generate c++ header files, typelib information, and so forth has been replaced with pyxpidl in the gecko sdk.
... xpidl:syntax (now up to date again) xpidl syntax (out of date) xpidl author's guide (not as out of date) explanation of idl semantics a full guide to the syntax can be found at xpidl:syntax, which is written in an abnf form.
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Add to iPhoto
note: this extension uses carbon routines, which can no longer be used in firefox add-ons now that firefox is a 64-bit application.
... the core foundation api is implemented by the corefoundation object, which consists of two methods to initialize and shut down the library, a reference to the library, and all the types and methods declared to support core foundation.
... initializing core foundation the init() method, which sets everything up, looks like this: init: function() { this.lib = ctypes.open("/system/library/frameworks/corefoundation.framework/corefoundation"); // declaring all the apis goes here } shutting down core foundation while the core foundation system framework itself doesn't need to be shut down, we do need to close the library we opened using the js-ctypes api; that's where the shutdown() method comes in: shutdown: function() { this.lib.close(); } select api declarations let's take a look at a few of the key apis we declare for core foundation, to see how it's done.
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Debugger - Firefox Developer Tools
setting this to true enables code coverage instrumentation, which can be accessed via the debugger.script getoffsetscoverage function.
... in some cases, the code coverage might expose information which pre-date the modification of this flag.
... uncaughtexceptionhook either null or a function that spidermonkey calls when a call to a debug event handler, breakpoint handler, or similar function throws some exception, which we refer to asdebugger-exception here.
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EventTarget.addEventListener() - Web APIs
addeventlistener() works by adding a function or an object that implements eventlistener to the list of event listeners for the specified event type on the eventtarget on which it's called.
...the event propagation mode determines the order in which elements receive the event.
...) { const t2 = document.getelementbyid("t2"); t2.firstchild.nodevalue = new_text; } // function to add event listener to table const el = document.getelementbyid("outside"); el.addeventlistener("click", function(){modifytext("four")}, false); notice that the listener is an anonymous function that encapsulates code that is then, in turn, able to send parameters to the modifytext() function, which is responsible for actually responding to the event.
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Drag Operations - Web APIs
here is an example which allows a section of content to be dragged.
... within the dragstart event, you can specify the drag data, the feedback image, and the drag effects, all of which are described below.
...(the default image and drag effects are suitable in most situations.) drag data all drag events have a property called datatransfer which holds the drag data (datatransfer is a datatransfer object).
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RTCIceCandidatePairStats - Web APIs
the webrtc rtcicecandidatepairstats dictionary reports statistics which provide insight into the quality and performance of an rtcpeerconnection while connected and configured as described by the specified pair of ice candidates.
... consentexpiredtimestamp optional a domhighrestimestamp value indicating the time at which the most recent stun binding response expired.
... firstrequesttimestamp optional a domhighrestimestamp value which specifies the time at which the first stun request was sent from the local peer to the remote peer for this candidate pair.
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WebRTC API - Web APIs
webrtc (web real-time communication) is a technology which enables web applications and sites to capture and optionally stream audio and/or video media, as well as to exchange arbitrary data between browsers without requiring an intermediary.
... webrtc consists of several interrelated apis and protocols which work together to achieve this.
... media streams can consist of any number of tracks of media information; tracks, which are represented by objects based on the mediastreamtrack interface, may contain one of a number of types of media data, including audio, video, and text (such as subtitles or even chapter names).
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HTML attribute reference - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
cite <blockquote>, <del>, <ins>, <q> contains a uri which points to the source of the quote or change.
... contextmenu global attribute defines the id of a <menu> element which will serve as the element's context menu.
... for <label>, <output> describes elements which belongs to this one.
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Media container formats (file types) - Web media technologies
a good example of this is the mp3 audio file, which is in fact an mpeg-1 container with a single audio track encoded using mpeg-1 audio layer iii encoding.
... index of media container formats (file types) to learn more about a specific container format, find it in this list and click through to the details, which include information about what the container is typically useful for, what codecs it supports, and which browsers support it, among other specifics.
... base 3gp media mime types audio video audio/3gpp video/3gpp audio/3gpp2 video/3gpp2 audio/3gp2 video/3gp2 these mime types are the fundamental types for the 3gp media container; other types may be used depending on the specific codec or codecs in use; in addition, you can add the codecs parameter to the mime type string to indicate which codecs are used for the audio and/or video tracks, and to optionally provide details about the profile, level, and/or other codec configuration specifics.
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Introduction to using XPath in JavaScript - XPath
mozilla implements a fair amount of the dom 3 xpath, which means that xpath expressions can be run against both html and xml documents.
... document.evaluate this method evaluates xpath expressions against an xml based document (including html documents), and returns a xpathresult object, which can be a single node or a set of nodes.
... contextnode: a node in the document against which the xpathexpression should be evaluated, including any and all of its child nodes.
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Using the WebAssembly JavaScript API - WebAssembly
now, to help us understand what is going on here, let’s look at the text representation of our wasm module (which we also meet in converting webassembly format to wasm): (module (func $i (import "imports" "imported_func") (param i32)) (func (export "exported_func") i32.const 42 call $i)) in the second line, you will see that the import has a two-level namespace — the internal function $i is imported from imports.imported_func.
... add the following to your script, below the first block: webassembly.instantiatestreaming(fetch('simple.wasm'), importobject) .then(obj => obj.instance.exports.exported_func()); the net result of this is that we call our exported webassembly function exported_func, which in turn calls our imported javascript function imported_func, which logs the value provided inside the webassembly instance (42) to the console.
... in this memory model, any load or store can access any byte in the entire linear memory, which is necessary to faithfully represent c/c++ concepts like pointers.
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Modules - Archive of obsolete content
a module is a self-contained unit of code, which is usually stored in a file, and has a well defined interface.
... the module system used by the sdk is based on the commonjs specification: it is implemented using a loader object, which handles all the bookkeeping related to module loading, such as resolving and caching urls.
...for instance, it does not know how to handle relative urls, which is cumbersome if you want to organize your project hierarchically.
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Chapter 5: Let's build a Firefox extension - Archive of obsolete content
change to your name --> <em:creator>gomita</em:creator> <!-- web page address through which extension is distributed --> <em:homepageurl>http://www.xuldev.org/helloworld/</em:homepageurl> <!-- this section gives details of the target application for the extension (in this case: firefox 2) --> <em:targetapplication> <description> <em:id>{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}</em:id> <em:minversion>2.0</em:minversion> <em:maxversion>4.0.0.*</em:ma...
...if the browser.xul file, which is the target of the overlay in overlay.xul is being read in again, the changes will be reflected, and you’ll be able to see the changes by opening a new browser window.
...the init method first gets the sessionstore directory inside the profile directory using nsllocalfile, which we’ll refer to through the variable _dir in subsequent lines (lines 3–6); if the directory doesn’t exist, we’ll create it (lines 7–8)3.
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Deployment and next steps - Learn web development
in the file package.json you can see that the dev and start scripts are just calling rollup: "scripts": { "build": "rollup -c", "dev": "rollup -c -w", "start": "sirv public" }, in the dev script we are passing the -w argument, which tells rollup to watch files and rebuild on changes.
...a particularly useful plugin which is also maintained by the svelte team is svelte-preprocess, which pre-processes many different languages in svelte files such as postcss, scss, less, coffeescript, sass, and typescript.
...all you need is a web server capable of serving static files, which means you have plenty of options to choose from.
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Working with Svelte stores - Learn web development
objective: learn how to use svelte stores using stores we will create an alert component that shows notifications on screen, which can receive messages from any component.
... next we import the ondestroy() lifecycle function, which lets us execute a callback after the component has been unmounted.
...in the callback function we just assign the value we receive to the local variable, which will trigger the update of the component's dom.
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IPDL Tutorial
the file in which the protocol is declared must have a matching name, pplugin.ipdl.
...each outgoing message is a c++ method which can be called.
... each incoming message is a pure-virtual c++ method which must be implemented: class ppluginparent { public: bool sendinit(const nscstring& pluginpath) { // generated code to send an init() message } bool sendshutdown() { // generated code to send a shutdown() message } protected: /** * a subclass of ppluginparent must implement this method to handle the ready() message.
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imgIDecoderObserver
void ondataavailable( in imgirequest arequest, in boolean acurrentframe, [const] in nsintrect arect ); parameters arequest the request on which data is available, or null if being called for an imgidecoder object.
...void ondiscard( in imgirequest arequest ); parameters arequest the request on which data is available, or null if being called for an imgidecoder object.
...void onimageisanimated( in imgirequest arequest ); parameters arequest the request on which data is available, or null if being called for an imgidecoder object.
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In depth: Microtasks and the JavaScript runtime environment - Web APIs
it was designed in an era in which this was a positive choice; there were few multi-processor computers available to the general public, and the expected amount of code that would be handled by javascript was relatively low at that time.
...as one of these code segments begins execution, a new context is constructed in which to run it; that context is then destroyed when the code exits.
...; switch(language) { case "es": greeting = `¡hola, ${user}!`; break; case "en": default: greeting = `hello, ${user}!`; break; } return greeting; } outputelem.innerhtml += localgreeting(user) + "<br>\r"; } greetuser("mike"); greetuser("teresa"); greetuser("veronica"); this short program contains three execution contexts, some of which are created and destroyed several times over the course of the program's execution.
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Basic concepts - Web APIs
for the reference documentation on the indexeddb api, refer back to the main indexeddb api article and its subpages, which document the types of objects used by indexeddb.
...it uses queries on an index that produces a cursor, which you use to iterate across the result set.
... as of firefox 40, indexeddb transactions have relaxed durability guarantees to increase performance (see bug 1112702), which is the same behaviour as other indexeddb-supporting browsers.
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Using Service Workers - Web APIs
this is already available with native apps, which is one of the main reasons native apps are often chosen over web apps.
...; request.onload = () => { if (request.status == 200) { resolve(request.response); } else { reject(error('image didn\'t load successfully; error code:' + request.statustext)); } }; request.onerror = () => { reject(error('there was a network error.')); }; request.send(); }); } we return a new promise using the promise() constructor, which takes as an argument a callback function with resolve and reject parameters.
...ect, but the rest of the code is a little different: let body = document.queryselector('body'); let myimage = new image(); imgload('mylittlevader.jpg').then((response) => { var imageurl = window.url.createobjecturl(response); myimage.src = imageurl; body.appendchild(myimage); }, (error) => { console.log(error); }); on to the end of the function call, we chain the promise then() method, which contains two functions — the first one is executed when the promise successfully resolves, and the second is called when the promise is rejected.
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Accessibility documentation index - Accessibility
live region markup is a complex area which is somewhat open to interpretation.
... 5 aria annotations aria, accessibility, wai-aria, annotations, comments, details, suggestions wai-aria version 1.3 sees the addition of a set of new features, collectively known as aria annotations, which allow the creation of accessible annotations inside web documents.
... 7 aria live regions aria, accessibility, arialive using javascript, it is possible to dynamically change parts of a page without requiring the entire page to reload — for instance, to update a list of search results on the fly, or to display a discreet alert or notification which does not require user interaction.
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An overview of HTTP - HTTP
http is a protocol which allows the fetching of resources, such as html documents.
... it is the foundation of any data exchange on the web and it is a client-server protocol, which means requests are initiated by the recipient, usually the web browser.
... designed in the early 1990s, http is an extensible protocol which has evolved over time.
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Autoplay guide for media and Web Audio APIs - Web media technologies
note: put another way, playback of any media that includes audio is generally blocked if the playback is programmatically initiated in a tab which has not yet had any user interaction.
... consider this html for a media element: <video src="myvideo.mp4" autoplay onplay=handlefirstplay(event)"> here we have a <video> element whose autoplay attribute is set, with an onplay event handler set up; the event is handled by a function called handlefirstplay(), which receives as input the play event.
... the play() method the term "autoplay" also refers to scenarios in which a script tries to trigger the playback of media that includes audio, outside the context of handling a user input event.
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Populating the page: how browsers work - Web Performance
in ideal conditions, this usually doesn't take too long, but latency and bandwidth are foes which can cause delays.
... your browser requests a dns lookup, which is eventually fielded by a name server, which in turn responds with an ip address.
... after this initial request, the ip will likely be cached for a time, which speeds up subsequent requests by retrieving the ip address from the cache instead of contacting a name server again.
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ui/frame - Archive of obsolete content
usage this module exports the frame constructor, which can be used to create frame components.
... constructing frames the frame constructor takes one mandatory option, which is a url pointing to an html document supplied under your add-ons "data" directory.
...this is passed an event object which always contains a source property, which has a postmessage() function modeled after window.postmessage().
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StringView - Archive of obsolete content
the aims of this library are: to create a c-like interface for strings (i.e., an array of character codes — an arraybufferview in javascript) based upon the javascript arraybuffer interface to create a highly extensible library that anyone can extend by adding methods to the object stringview.prototype to create a collection of methods for such string-like objects (since now: stringviews) which work strictly on arrays of numbers rather than on creating new immutable javascript strings to work with unicode encodings other than javascript's default utf-16 domstrings introduction as web applications become more and more powerful, adding features such as audio and video manipulation, access to raw data using websockets, and so forth, it has become clear that there are times when it woul...
... arguments base64string (required) a base64-encoded string which will be decoded and copied into the new stringview object.
... subview() syntax stringview.subview(characteroffset[, characterslength]) description returns a new stringview object which will share the same buffer.
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Enhanced Extension Installation - Archive of obsolete content
first it must locate the firefox executable, then run it with the -install-global-extension command line flag, which installs from a xpi into the firefox application directory.
... aside from the work of locating the firefox executable in the first place (which varies from platform to platform), this is very limiting because: it forces the third party application to package its firefox integration hooks as a xpi.
... it forces it to have write access to the firefox directory in order to be installed, which may not always be the case.
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The Essentials of an Extension - Archive of obsolete content
one is the email-like format in the hello world example, which should be something like <project-name>@<yourdomain>.
... the other standard practice is to use a generated uuid string, which is extremely unlikely to be duplicated.
...for example, if you create a firefox extension, it would normally take little effort to port it to seamonkey, which has very similar features and ui.
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Source code directories overview - Archive of obsolete content
it is a living document which is (supposed to be) updated monthly according to changes in the mozilla source tree.
... there are also platform dependent subdirectories which contain source code for specific platforms.
...the gimp toolkit) which runs on x-windows on unix.
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Venkman Introduction - Archive of obsolete content
to see which version of venkman you have, type /version in the interactive session view.
... you can also start the browser with the -venkman command line option, which launches venkman initially instead of an application front end.
...these commands should be self explanatory, with the possible exception of stop, which causes the debugger to stop when the next line of javascript is executed, and the profile button, which can be used to measure execution times for your scripts.
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Textbox (XPFE autocomplete) - Archive of obsolete content
the autocomplete functionality is handled through one of more session objects, each of which can return a set of results given the current value of the textbox.
... autocompletesearch new in thunderbird 2requires seamonkey 1.1 type: space-separated list of values a space-separated list of search component names, each of which implements the nsiautocompletesearch interface.
... autocompletesearchparam new in thunderbird 2 requires seamonkey 1.1 type: string a string which is passed to the search component.
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Reference - Archive of obsolete content
inheritance and private variables the guide section links to an interesting document discussing how to create and use private variables in objects, which is great if you want to protect the various properties within an object from being poked at accidentally.
... otherwise, i think we should just remove the "behavior in other versions" sections, and rename the "javascript 1.2" section headings to something like "differences with javascript 1.2," as well as include a link to the yet-to-be-written javascript 1.2 page documenting the various oddities and deviations made in that version, something which i think we should do anyway.
...which scheme should we take, or does it even matter?
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Audio for Web games - Game development
we often need to decide which audio parts are essential to our games' experience and which are nice to have but not essential, and devise a strategy accordingly.
...buffering is the process of the browser downloading the media in advance, which we often need to do to ensure smooth playback.
...as long as byte-range requests are accepted (which is the default behavior), we should be able to jump to a specific point in the audio without having to download the preceding content.
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Cooperative asynchronous JavaScript: Timeouts and intervals - Learn web development
it was created in response to perceived problems with setinterval(), which for example doesn't run at a frame rate optimized for the device, sometimes drops frames, continues to run even if the tab is not the active tab or the animation is scrolled off the page, etc.
...this is the general pattern you'll see it used in: function draw() { // drawing code goes here requestanimationframe(draw); } draw(); the idea is to define a function in which your animation is updated (e.g.
...however, more frames means more processing, which can often cause stuttering and skipping — also known as dropping frames, or jank.
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Command line crash course - Learn web development
the next images show the command prompts available in windows — there’s a good range of options from the "cmd" program to "powershell" — which can be run from the start menu by typing the program name.
...darwin is the unix-like system, which provides the terminal, and access to the low-level tools.
... better programs exist for providing a terminal experience on windows, such as powershell (see here to find installers), and gitbash (which comes as part of the git for windows toolset) however, the best option for windows in the modern day is the windows subsystem for linux (wsl) — a compatibility layer for running linux operating systems directly from inside windows 10, allowing you to run a “true terminal” directly on windows, without needing a virtual machine.
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Package management basics - Learn web development
a project dependency can be an entire javascript library or framework — such as react or vue — or a very small utility like our human-readable date library, or it can be a command line tool such as prettier or eslint, which we talked about in previous articles.
... doing the same thing for all of the packages' sub-dependencies, of which there could be tens, or hundreds.
...we’ll call it parcel-experiment, but you can call it whatever you like: mkdir parcel-experiment cd parcel-experiment next, let's initialise our app as an npm package, which creates a config file — package.json — that allows us to save our configuration details in case we want to recreate this environment later on, or even publish the package to the npm registry (although this is somewhat beyond the scope of this article).
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Chrome registration
style style overlays (custom css which will be applied to a chrome page) are registered with the following syntax: style chrome://uri-to-style chrome://stylesheet-uri [flags] note: only stylesheets at chrome uris can be applied in this way.
...these flags mark special attributes of chrome in that package, or limit the conditions under which the line is used.
...there may be chrome registration lines which only apply to one particular application.
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Storage access policy: Block cookies from trackers
this policy is designed as an alternative to the older cookie policies, which have been available in firefox for many years.
... tracking protection explained how does firefox determine which resources are tracking resources?
... firefox uses the tracking protection list to determine which resources are tracking resources.
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nsIFile
there are problems that affect platforms on which a path does not fully specify a file because two volumes can have the same name (for example mac).
... void append( in astring node ); parameters node a string which is intended to be a child node of the nsifile.
...this parameter may be empty, in which case the current leaf name will be used.
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Drawing and Event Handling - Plugins
it is drawn in a target called a drawable, which corresponds to either the browser window or an off-screen bitmap.
... npp_setwindow: set the window in which a plug-in draws.
...it is set to either np_full to indicate full-page plug-in printing, or np_embed if this is an embedded plug-in printed as part of the window in which it is embedded.
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Migrating from Firebug - Firefox Developer Tools
the devtools do not have a side panel like the command editor (which is requested in bug 1133849), but therefore has a separate tool called scratchpad, which can be added as panel to the toolbox or opened in a separate window via firefox menu > developer > scratchpad or shift + f4.
...it is currently missing the preview for html, xml and svg, though, which is tracked in bug 1247392 and bug 1262796, but when you click on the url of the request you switch to the network monitor, which has a preview tab.
... inspector firebug has an html panel, which allows to edit html/xml/svg and the css related to it.
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Recording a media element - Web APIs
on the left is a start button and a <video> element which displays the video preview; this is the video the user's camera sees.
... <div class="right"> <div id="stopbutton" class="button"> stop </div> <h2>recording</h2> <video id="recording" width="160" height="120" controls></video> <a id="downloadbutton" class="button"> download </a> </div> on the right we see a stop button and the <video> element which will be used to play back the recorded video.
... notice that the playback panel doesn't have autoplay set (so the playback doesn't start as soon as media arrives), and it has controls set, which tells it to show the user controls to play, pause, and so forth.
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RTCDataChannel - Web APIs
the rtcdatachannel interface represents a network channel which can be used for bidirectional peer-to-peer transfers of arbitrary data.
...the peer being invited to exchange data receives a datachannel event (which has type rtcdatachannelevent) to let it know the data channel has been added to the connection.
... propertiesalso inherits properties from: eventtargetbinarytype the property binarytype on the rtcdatachannel interface is a domstring which specifies the type of javascript object which should be used to represent binary data received on the rtcdatachannel.
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Web Audio API - Web APIs
basic audio operations are performed with audio nodes, which are linked together to form an audio routing graph.
...in fact, sound files are just recordings of sound intensities themselves, which come in from microphones or electric instruments, and get mixed down into a single, complicated wave.
... outputs of these nodes could be linked to inputs of others, which mix or modify these streams of sound samples into different streams.
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Using Web Workers - Web APIs
it receives an event named error which implements the errorevent interface.
... filename the name of the script file in which the error occurred.
... lineno the line number of the script file on which the error occurred.
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Overview of events and handlers - Developer guides
events and event handling provide a core technique in javascript for reacting to incidents occurring when a browser accesses a web page, including events from preparing a web page for display, from interacting with the content of the web page, relating to the device on which the browser is running, and from many other causes such as media stream playback or animation timing.
...douglas crockford explains this change effectively in several lectures, notably his talk, an inconvenient api: the theory of the dom, which shows the change in flow from the original browser flow to the event driven browser.
...the innovation of the dynamic approach allows for a page to be partially rendered even when the browser has not finished retrieving all resources; this approach also allows for event driven actions, which javascript leverages.
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<input type="range"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
<input> elements of type range let the user specify a numeric value which must be no less than a given value, and no more than another given value.
... events change and input supported common attributes autocomplete, list, max, min, and step idl attributes list, value, and valueasnumber methods stepdown() and stepup() validation there is no pattern validation available; however, the following forms of automatic validation are performed: if the value is set to something which can't be converted into a valid floating-point number, validation fails because the input is suffering from a bad input.
... value the value attribute contains a domstring which contains a string representation of the selected number.
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Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) - HTTP
functional overview the cross-origin resource sharing standard works by adding new http headers that let servers describe which origins are permitted to read that information from a web browser.
...all these examples use xmlhttprequest, which can make cross-site requests in any supporting browser.
...those are called “simple requests” in this article, though the fetch spec (which defines cors) doesn’t use that term.
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Expressions and operators - JavaScript
the simple assignment operator is equal (=), which assigns the value of its right operand to its left operand.
...the sole exceptions to type conversion within comparisons involve the === and !== operators, which perform strict equality and inequality comparisons.
... bitwise operators operator usage description bitwise and a & b returns a one in each bit position for which the corresponding bits of both operands are ones.
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d - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
formula: po′ = pn = {x, y} l (dx, dy)+ draw a line from the current point to the end point, which is the current point shifted by dx along the x-axis and dy along the y-axis.
... formula: po′ = pn = {xo + dx, yo + dy} h x+ draw a horizontal line from the current point to the end point, which is specified by the x parameter and the current point's y coordinate.
... formula: po′ = pn = {x, yo} h dx+ draw a horizontal line from the current point to the end point, which is specified by the current point shifted by dx along the x-axis and the current point's y coordinate.
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Understanding WebAssembly text format - WebAssembly
all code in a webassembly module is grouped into functions, which have the following pseudo-code structure: ( func <signature> <locals> <body> ) the signature declares what the function takes (parameters) and returns (return values).
... when a function is called, it starts with an empty stack which is gradually filled up and emptied as the body’s instructions are executed.
... so for example, after executing the following function: (func (param $p i32) (result i32) local.get $p local.get $p i32.add) the stack contains exactly one i32 value — the result of the expression ($p + $p), which is handled by i32.add.
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context-menu - Archive of obsolete content
selectioncontext() this context occurs when the menu is invoked on a page in which the user has made a selection.
... when you need more control over the context in which your menu items are shown, you can use content scripts.
... selectorcontext will match if the menu is invoked on the node specified or any descendant of that node, but the "context" event handler is passed the actual node on which the menu was invoked.
...And 9 more matches

passwords - Archive of obsolete content
using this module you can: search for credentials which have been stored in the password manager.
...however, you can use it to work out which stored credentials belong to your add-on by comparing it with the uri property of the self module.
... url the url for the web service which requires the credential.
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Appendix F: Monitoring DOM changes - Archive of obsolete content
unfortunately, adding listeners for any of these events to a document has a highly deleterious effect on performance, an effect which is not mitigated in the slightest by later removing those listeners.
...this document lays out some alternatives which do not have such severe performance impacts.
...it is often possible to do things for which people have traditionally resorted to javascript with css alone.
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JavaScript Client API - Archive of obsolete content
further, you agree (a) to maintain and link to (including on websites from which your third party client may be downloaded) a separate, conspicuous, and reasonably detailed privacy policy detailing how data collected or transmitted by your third party client is managed and protected; (b) that your third party client will only store data in encrypted form on the firefox sync servers operated by mozilla; (c) that you and your third party client will use the firefox sync apis so...
...each engine has a corresponding tracker which listens for changes to data or events it is interested in.
...there's a base record object, which defines the basic record api.
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Building accessible custom components in XUL - Archive of obsolete content
introduction dhtml accessibility is a new technology which enables developers to construct accessible controls within (x)html pages.
...each label, which was previously exposed as a text label, is now exposed as a cell.
...a better approach is to use the css outline property, which does maintains the element's dimensions.
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Writing to Files - Archive of obsolete content
file and stream guide: [ nsiscriptableio | accessing files | getting file information | reading from files | writing to files | moving, copying and deleting files | uploading and downloading files | working with directories ] important note: the pages from the file and stream guide use the io object (nsiscriptableio), which was not available in any released version of the platform (pending some fixes).
...an output stream is an object which can be used to write bytes, strings and other values to a file.
...nsiscriptableio.newoutputstream() is called to create a new output stream, which will be used to write to the file.
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Creating an Installer - Archive of obsolete content
xpinstall packages mozilla provides a mechanism which can be used to package xul windows, scripts, skins and other files into single file installers.
...in addition, installers should contain an install script (a file named install.js) which can be used to script the installation process.
... this script has access to various install functions which can be used to install files and components.
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Templates - Archive of obsolete content
populating elements xul provides a method in which we create elements from data supplied by rdf, either from an rdf file or from an internal datasource.
... to allow the creation of elements based on rdf data, you need to provide a simple template which will be duplicated for each element that is created.
...the box has two special attributes that allow it to be used for templates, which are used to specify where the data comes from.
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Tree Selection - Archive of obsolete content
otherwise, the user may select multiple rows, which will not necessarily be contiguous.
... the tree provides a number of functions which can be used to determine whether an item is selected.
...<tree id="treeset" onselect="alert('you selected something!');"> tree indices the tree has a property currentindex, which can be used to get the currently selected item, where the first row is 0.
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Tree View Details - Archive of obsolete content
this is a fairly tricky process as it involves keeping track of which items have children and also which rows are open and closed.
... in addition to the getlevel method, there is a hasnextsibling function which, given a row, should return true if there is another row afterwards at the same level.
... the iscontaineropen method is used to determine which items are opened and closed.
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toolbarbutton - Archive of obsolete content
this means that the button acts like a checkbox except that there is a third state which must be set manually by adjusting the check state.
...for example, for a menuitem in a menu you can add the following css rule when you want to use the value none: menupopup > menuitem, menupopup > menu { max-width: none; } dir type: one of the values below the direction in which the child elements of the element are placed.
...this is reverse of the order in which they appear in the xul code.
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Deploying XULRunner - Archive of obsolete content
components which are part of the application chrome/ ...
... chrome which is part of the application ...
...this should be fixed with xulrunner 11.0 with xulrunner 11.0 you may need to copy "gkmedias.dll" from the xulrunner directory to the root directory mac os x on mac os x, the exact layout of your application bundle depends on which version of xulrunner you're using.
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Archived Mozilla and build documentation - Archive of obsolete content
it also includes tools for looking at checkin logs (and comments); doing diffs between various versions of a file; and finding out which person is responsible for changing a particular line of code ("cvsblame").
...implementing a calicalendarviewcontroller allows for these actions to be performed in a manner consistent with the rest of the application in which the calicalendarview is included.
...generators can also be independently downloaded and installed by users if they include a list of pages to which they apply.
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Gecko Compatibility Handbook - Archive of obsolete content
because of gecko's cross-platform nature, functionality is generally very much the same on different platforms unlike internet explorer for mac and ie for windows, which are very different programs and so may behave quite differently from each other.
...or, if you are using user-agent detection, you can install an extension in firefox or mozilla which allows you to "spoof" the user-agent strings of the various gecko browsers.
... make sure that any stylesheet which should always be applied is persistent instead of preferred.
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RDF in Mozilla FAQ - Archive of obsolete content
the table is keyed by the datasource's "uri", which is either the url of an rdf/xml file, or a "special" uri starting with rdf: that refers to a built-in datasource.
... the nsirdfdatasource interface is the means by which you access and manipulate the assertions in a datasource.
...this interface has a flush() method, which will attempt to write the contents of the datasource back to the url from which they were loaded, using a protocol specific mechanism (e.g., a file: url just writes the file; an http: url might do an http-post).
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2D maze game with device orientation - Game development
without the framework, to add the canvas element to the page, you would have to write something like this inside the <body> tag: <canvas id='game' width='320' height='480'></canvas> the important thing to remember is that the framework is setting up helpful methods to speed up a lot of things like image manipulation or assets management, which would be a lot harder to do manually.
... the anchor.set is setting up the anchor point on the button for which all the calculations of the position are applied.
...in particular, take note of the update() function (executed at every frame), which updates things such as the ball position.
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HTML: A good basis for accessibility - Learn web development
for example, a control button to play a video on your site could be marked up like this: <div>play video</div> but as you'll see in greater detail later on, it makes sense to use the correct element for the job: <button>play video</button> not only do html <button>s have some suitable styling applied by default (which you will probably want to override), they also have built-in keyboard accessibility — users can navigate between buttons using the tab key and activate their selection using return or enter.
... sometimes you are not in the position to get rid of lousy markup — your pages might be generated by some kind of server-side framework over which you don't have full control, or you might have third party content on your page (such as ad banners) over which you have no control.
... try our example table-layout.html example, which looks something like this: <table width="1200"> <!-- main heading row --> <tr id="heading"> <td colspan="6"> <h1 align="center">header</h1> </td> </tr> <!-- nav menu row --> <tr id="nav" bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td width="200"> <a href="#" align="center">home</a> </td> <td width="200"> <a href="#" a...
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HTML: A good basis for accessibility - Learn web development
for example, a control button to play a video on your site could be marked up like this: <div>play video</div> but as you'll see in greater detail later on, it makes sense to use the correct element for the job: <button>play video</button> not only do html <button>s have some suitable styling applied by default (which you will probably want to override), they also have built-in keyboard accessibility — users can navigate between buttons using the tab key and activate their selection using return or enter.
... sometimes you are not in the position to get rid of lousy markup — your pages might be generated by some kind of server-side framework over which you don't have full control, or you might have third party content on your page (such as ad banners) over which you have no control.
... try our example table-layout.html example, which looks something like this: <table width="1200"> <!-- main heading row --> <tr id="heading"> <td colspan="6"> <h1 align="center">header</h1> </td> </tr> <!-- nav menu row --> <tr id="nav" bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td width="200"> <a href="#" align="center">home</a> </td> <td width="200"> <a href="#" a...
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What is accessibility? - Learn web development
providing accessible sites is part of the law in some countries, which can open up some significant markets that otherwise would not be able to use your services or buy your products.
... building accessible sites benefit everyone: semantic html, which improves accessibility, also improves seo, making your site more findable.
... caring about accessibility demonstrates good ethics and morals, which improves your public image.
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Supporting older browsers - Learn web development
however, there will be visitors to your site who use older browsers, or browsers which do not support the methods you have used.
...this is straightforward if you have an existing website which you are adding to or replacing, as you probably have analytics available which can tell you the technology people are using.
...at the bottom of this page is a table, which lists major browsers along with the version they began supporting this property.
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Client-side form validation - Learn web development
different types of client-side validation there are two different types of client-side validation that you'll encounter on the web: built-in form validation uses html5 form validation features, which we've discussed in many places throughout this module.
... when an element is valid, the following things are true: the element matches the :valid css pseudo-class, which lets you apply a specific style to valid elements.
... when an element is invalid, the following things are true: the element matches the :invalid css pseudo-class, and sometimes other ui pseudo-classes (e.g., :out-of-range) depending on the error, which lets you apply a specific style to invalid elements.
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Video and audio content - Learn web development
the embedded video will look something like this: you can try the example live here (see also the source code.) using multiple source formats to improve compatibility there's a problem with the above example, which you may have noticed already if you've tried to access the live link above with an older browser like internet explorer or even an older version of safari.
...they define a structure in which the audio and/or video tracks that make up the media are stored, along with metadata describing the media, what codecs are used to encode its channels, and so forth.
... a webm file containing a movie which has a main video track and one alternate angle track, plus audio for both english and spanish, in addition to audio for an english commentary track can be conceptualized as shown in the diagram below.
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Fetching data from the server - Learn web development
xmlhttprequest xmlhttprequest (which is frequently abbreviated to xhr) is a fairly old technology now — it was invented by microsoft in the late '90s, and has been standardized across browsers for quite a long time.
...in this example, we will load a different verse of the poem (which you may well recognize) via xhr when it's selected in the drop-down menu.
...add this below your previous line: request.open('get', url); next, we'll set the type of response we are expecting — which is defined by the request's responsetype property — as text.
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Inheritance in JavaScript - Learn web development
say we wanted to create a teacher class, like the one we described in our initial object-oriented definition, which inherits all the members from person, but also includes: a new property, subject — this will contain the subject the teacher teaches.
... an updated greeting() method, which sounds a bit more formal than the standard greeting() method — more suitable for a teacher addressing some students at school.
... the last line inside the constructor simply defines the new subject property that teachers are going to have, which generic people don't have.
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TypeScript support in Svelte - Learn web development
all you have to do is run the following terminal commands (run them somewhere where you are storing your svelte test projects — it creates a new directory): npx degit sveltejs/template svelte-typescript-app cd svelte-typescript-app node scripts/setuptypescript.js this creates a starter project that includes typescript support, which you can then modify as you wish.
... there is work in progress to support typescript in svelte projects in several code editors; the most complete support so far is available in the svelte for vs code extension, which is developed and maintained by the svelte team.
... note: make sure you are using svelte for vs code and not the old "svelte" by james birtles, which has been discontinued.
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Software accessibility: Where are we today?
many, including those who were blind or physically disabled, were unable to use applications which were written for microsoft operating systems.
...in answer to this problem, many small accessibility hardware and software vendors created products and software which helped people who could not perform one of the four basic tasks to use common computer applications.
... some examples of these assistive devices and software include: screen reading software, which speaks text displayed on the screen using hardware or software text-to-speech, and which allows a blind person to use the keyboard to simulate mouse actions alternate input devices, which allow people with physical disabilities to use alternatives to a keyboard and mouse voice recognition software, which allows a person to simulate typing on a keyboard or selecting with a mouse by speaking into the computer screen magnification software, which allows a low-vision computer user to more easily read portions of the screen comprehension software, which allows a dyslexic or learning disabled computer user to see and hear text as it is manipulated on the computer screen in fact, the entire adapt...
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Adding a new CSS property
this will cause tests of your new property to be added to many of the mochitests in layout/style/test, which can be run with the command "./mach mochitest -f plain layout/style/".
... then, unless you're implementing a shorthand property, you need to decide which style struct the computed value of the property should go in.
... (which set the property is in is given in the specification, which says "inherited: yes" or "inherited: no" in the property's definition.) also note that some of the style structs intentionally contain only properties set/reset by a particular common shorthand property; this improves the effectiveness of some of the performance and memory optimizations done with the rule tree, and thus we should avoid adding a property not reset by that shorthand to such a struct.
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Profiling with the Firefox Profiler
timeline the timeline has several rows of tracing markers (colored segments) which indicate interesting events.
...once a range is selected, a magnifying glass appears which zooms into that range.
...factors such as sampling or stack-walking variance and system load can lead to sampling delays which manifest as gaps in the timeline.
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L20n Javascript API
ctx.registerlocalenegotiator(negotiator: function) register a function which will be used to negotiate the locales supported by the context instance.
... ctx.registerlocalenegotiator(function(available, requested, deflocale) { return intl.prioritizelocales(available, requested, deflocale); }); negotiator is a function which takes the following arguments: available - all locales available to the context instance, requested - locales preferred by the user, deflocale - the default locale to be used as the ultimate fallback, callback - the function to call when the negotiation completes (useful for asynchronous negotiators).
... it must return an array which is the final fallback chain of locales, or if the negotiation is asynchronous, it must return a falsy value and call the callback argument upon completion.
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Notes on TLS - SSL 3.0 Intolerant Servers
cause there are some number of web servers in production today which incorrectly implement the ssl 3.0 specification.
... netscape 6.x/7.x and mozilla browsers (0.9.1 and later versions) correctly implement the tls specification, and the users cannot utilize sites which have this problem.
...this feature was kind of meaningless until tls (ssl 3.1) came along because there was no version higher than 3.0 from which to be rolled back.
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Python binding for NSS
design goals nss and nspr are c language api's which python-nss "wraps" and exposes to python programs.
... nss/nspr functions which operate on a nss/nspr object (i.e.
... nss/nspr objects which are collections support the python iteration protocol.
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NSS tools : signtool
similarly, if you are a network administrator, you should make sure, before signing any code, that it comes from a reliable source and will run correctly with the software installed on the machines to which you are distributing it.
... before you can use netscape signing tool to sign files, you must have an object-signing certificate, which is a special certificate whose associated private key is used to create digital signatures.
...if the certificate authority's certificate isn't already installed in your copy of communicator, you typically install it by clicking the appropriate link on the certificate authority's web site, for example on the page from which you initiated enrollment for your signing certificate.
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JSAPI User Guide
a jsruntime, or runtime, is the space in which the javascript variables, objects, scripts, and contexts used by your application are allocated.
...how can a statically typed language, like c or c++, in which all variables have types, interact with javascript?
... the jsapi provides a data type, js::value (also with a deprecated jsval typedef), which can contain javascript values of any type.
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nsILoginManagerStorage
unsigned long countlogins( in astring ahostname, in astring aactionurl, in astring ahttprealm ); parameters ahostname the hostname to which to restrict the search.
...aactionurl the url of the form to which the login will be submitted.
...ahttprealm the http realm for which the login applies.
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Debugger.Frame - Firefox Developer Tools
given a debugger.frame instance, you can find the script the frame is executing, walk the stack to older frames, find the lexical environment in which the execution is taking place, and so on.
... implementation a string describing which tier of the javascript engine this frame is executing in: "interpreter": a frame running in the interpreter.
... older the next-older visible frame, in which control will resume when this frame completes.
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Debugger.Object - Firefox Developer Tools
as a consequence, a single debugger instance may actually have several debugger.object instances: one for each compartment from which the referent is viewed.
... this accessor returns whatever name appeared after the function keyword in the source code, regardless of whether the function is the result of instantiating a function declaration (which binds the function to its name in the enclosing scope) or evaluating a function expression (which binds the function to its name only within the function’s body).
... if the referent is a host function for which parameter names are not available, return an array with one element per parameter, each of which is undefined.
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Event - Web APIs
the event interface represents an event which takes place in the dom.
... there are many types of events, some of which use other interfaces based on the main event interface.
... event itself contains the properties and methods which are common to all events.
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File and Directory Entries API - Web APIs
you can develop apps which read, write, and create files and/or directories in a virtual, sandboxed file system.
...only for accessing files which are selected by the user in a file <input> element (see htmlinputelement as well) or when a file or directory is provided to the web site or app using drag and drop.
...this is implemented by other interfaces which represent files or directories.
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The HTML DOM API - Web APIs
a document, in turn, consists of a hierarchical tree of nodes, in which a node is a fundamental record representing a single object within the document (such as an element or text node).
... nodes may be strictly organizational, providing a means for grouping other nodes together or for providing a point at which a hierarchy can be constructed; other nodes may represent visible components of a document.
... each node is based on the node interface, which provides properties for getting information about the node as well as methods for creating, deleting, and organizing nodes within the dom.
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Using bounded reference spaces - Web APIs
not only is it represented by a unique subclass, xrboundedreferencespace, but it's the only one which restricts movement based not upon virtual restrictions but upon limitations imposed by the real world.
... introduction a bounded reference space is one which represents an xr environment in which the user is able to move around physically in the real world while being tracked by the xr hardware, with their movements being then transposed into the simulation.
... requirements because a bounded reference space establishes a limited area in which the user can move, it naturally imposes a limit on how large the simulated environment can be.
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Advanced techniques: Creating and sequencing audio - Web APIs
the interface consists of master controls, which allow us to play/stop the sequencer, and adjust the bpm (beats per minute) to speed up or slow down the "music".
... there are four different sounds, or voices, which can be played.
... each voice has four buttons, which represent four beats in one bar of music.
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XRSession - Web APIs
environmentblendmode read only returns this session's blend mode which denotes how much of the real-world environment is visible through the xr device and how the device will blend the device imagery with it.
... note: environmentblendmode() is part of the webxr augmented reality module, which has not been completed.
... renderstate read only an xrrenderstate object which contains options affecting how the imagery is rendered.
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Basic concepts of flexbox - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
this article gives an outline of the main features of flexbox, which we will be exploring in more detail in the rest of these guides.
...this can be contrasted with the two-dimensional model of css grid layout, which controls columns and rows together.
... the main axis the main axis is defined by flex-direction, which has four possible values: row row-reverse column column-reverse should you choose row or row-reverse, your main axis will run along the row in the inline direction.
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<input type="tel"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
ength the maximum length, in utf-16 characters, to accept as a valid input minlength the minimum length that is considered valid for the field's contents pattern a regular expression the entered value must match to pass constraint validation placeholder an example value to display inside the field when it has no value readonly a boolean attribute which, if present, indicates that the field's contents should not be user-editable size the number of characters wide the input field should be onscreen list the values of the list attribute is the id of a <datalist> element located in the same document.
... readonly a boolean attribute which, if present, means this field cannot be edited by the user.
... autocorrect a safari extension, the autocorrect attribute is a string which indicates whether or not to activate automatic correction while the user is editing this field.
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<input type="time"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
me" type="time" name="appt-time" value="13:30"> you can also get and set the date value in javascript using the htmlinputelement.value property, for example: var timecontrol = document.queryselector('input[type="time"]'); timecontrol.value = '15:30'; time value format the value of the time input is always in 24-hour format that includes leading zeros: hh:mm, regardless of the input format, which is likely to be selected based on the user's locale (or by the user agent).
... </p> </form> the javascript code adds code to the time input to watch for the input event, which is triggered every time the contents of an input element change.
...ut> elements, time inputs offer the following attributes: attribute description list the id of the <datalist> element that contains the optional pre-defined autocomplete options max the latest time to accept, in the syntax described under time value format min the earliest time to accept as a valid input readonly a boolean attribute which, if present, indicates that the contents of the time input should not be user-editable step the stepping interval to use both for user interfaces purposes and during constraint validation unlike many data types, time values have a periodic domain, meaning that the values reach the highest possible value, then wrap back around to the beginning again.
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Functions - JavaScript
to use a function, you must define it somewhere in the scope from which you wish to call it.
...*/ function square(n) { return n * n } the scope of a function is the function in which it is declared (or the entire program, if it is declared at the top level).
...there are often cases where a function needs to be called dynamically, or the number of arguments to a function vary, or in which the context of the function call needs to be set to a specific object determined at runtime.
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Classes and Inheritance - Archive of obsolete content
a class is a blueprint from which individual objects are created.
...each class defines one or more members, which are initialized to a given value when the class is instantiated.
...each constructor function has an associated object, known as its prototype, which is shared between all instances of that class.
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page-worker - Archive of obsolete content
usage the module exports a constructor function page, which constructs a new page worker.
... a page worker may be destroyed, after which its memory is freed, and you must create a new instance to load another page.
...this can point to a remote file: pageworker = require("sdk/page-worker").page({ contentscript: "console.log(document.body.innerhtml);", contenturl: "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/internet" }); it can also point to an html file which you've packaged with your add-on.
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panel - Archive of obsolete content
usage this module exports a single constructor function panel() which constructs a new panel.
... panel content the panel's content is specified as html, which is loaded from the url supplied in the contenturl option to the panel's constructor.
...it's usually better practice to use contentscriptfile, which is a url pointing to a script file saved under your add-on's data directory.
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How to convert an overlay extension to restartless - Archive of obsolete content
this is two esrs back (as of this writing), which should be plenty.
...mappings, so that you can access your files with custom paths such as: resource://myaddon/filename.ext chrome://myaddon/content/filename.ext step 2: no more resource:// uris for files internal to your bundle unfortunately, resource mappings in your chrome.manifest were not usable in restartless add-ons until mozilla finally fixed this bug in firefox 38, which looked bad, but only because mozilla is still using resource:// uris internally and in examples.
...the resource:// protocol actually bleeds into content which allows webpages to detect installed add-ons using the protocol, which is not particularly fantastic (just the static file contents, not any loaded script/data).
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MCD, Mission Control Desktop, AKA AutoConfig - Archive of obsolete content
objective the objective is to provide users with a mailer agent, a web browser, and a news reader which are automatically configured (preferences) at startup to the current user connected on the computer.
...ail.smtpserver.smtp1.port", 25); lockpref("mail.smtpserver.smtp1.try_ssl", 0); lockpref("mail.smtpserver.smtp1.username", ""); lockpref("mail.smtpservers", "smtp1"); lockpref("mail.startup.enabledmailcheckonce", true); lockpref("mailnews.quotingprefs.version", 1); lockpref("mailnews.ui.threadpane.version", 5); /* 3) define here (because if set after "4)" below it doesn't work!) processldapvalues which is eventually called by getldapattributes() just below, check getldapattributes() code from $mozilla_home/defaults/autoconfig/prefcalls.js to see the inside call to "user defined" processldapvalues */ function processldapvalues(values) { if(values) { // set the global var with the values returned from the ldap query ldap_values = values; var uid = getldapvalue(values, "uid"); v...
...it is not vital in firefox as it is for us in thunderbird (need to get the cn and email address to set email account, which are not available by default in the environment variables).
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Notes on HTML Reflow - Archive of obsolete content
overview reflow is the process by which the geometry of the layout engine's formatting objects are computed.
...all html reflow, including the initial reflow , begins at the root frame , which corresponds to the <html> element of the html document.
...each container frame constructs a new reflow state object (based on its container's reflow state object) in which the container will reflow its children.
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New Security Model for Web Services - Archive of obsolete content
securing resources from untrusted scripts behind firewalls introduction this page describes an alternative mechanism which can be used to protect all internal resources against requests from sandboxed scripts.
... same source restriction by restricting sandboxed scripts to access only resources in the domain from which they were loaded, any script loaded from one domain into another is prevented from accessing resources in the domain into which it has been loaded.
... white-listing by creating a white list of trusted uris from which scripts are trusted to not compromise internal resources, it is possible to release domains from the stricter same-source sandbox.
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A XUL Bestiary - Archive of obsolete content
the chrome url, which appears in place of the http url in pointers like the following global skin processing instruction: <?xml-stylesheet href="chrome://global/skin/" type="text/css"?> specifies a chrome to be loaded by the gecko rendering engine.
...each package directory typically has three subdirectories, content, skin, and locale, in which the xul, css, and localization information are defined, respectively: navigator/ content/ default/ navigator.xul ...
... locale/ us-en/ navigator.dtd to load chrome information stored in a new package directory like this, you can use the following chrome url, chrome://navigator/skin/mynewskin/newskin.css which in turn loads the graphics in that subdirectory as needed.
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Accessing Files - Archive of obsolete content
file and stream guide: [ nsiscriptableio | accessing files | getting file information | reading from files | writing to files | moving, copying and deleting files | uploading and downloading files | working with directories ] important note: the pages from the file and stream guide use the io object (nsiscriptableio), which was not available in any released version of the platform (pending some fixes).
...var file = io.getfile("profile", "sample.txt"); the nsiscriptableio object is a global object always available within an application or extension which provides a number of useful functions for dealing with files.
... one such method it provides is nsiscriptableio.getfile() which returns a new nsifile object.
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Advanced Rules - Archive of obsolete content
the simple rule syntax is really just a shortcut for the full rule syntax which is described below.
...you can specify a number of conditions, all of which must match.
...the first is the content element, which should always exist once and only once.
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Keyboard Shortcuts - Archive of obsolete content
creating a keyboard shortcut xul provides methods in which you can define keyboard shortcuts.
... we've already seen in the section on menus that we can define an attribute called accesskey which specifies the key which a user can press to activate the menu or menu item.
... key element xul provides an element, key, which lets you define a keyboard shortcut for a window.
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Popup Menus - Archive of obsolete content
the main difference is the way in which they appear.
... plain popups the plain popup is a popup window which appears when the user presses the left mouse button on an element.
... context popups the context popup is a popup window which appears when the user presses the context menu button, which is usually the right mouse button.
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Updating Commands - Archive of obsolete content
invoking commands if a command has an oncommand attribute, you can invoke it just by using the docommand method of the command or an element which links to it.
...note that we don't need to figure out which element to use or which controller to use.
...in fact, this is common enough that mozilla includes a library which does just that.
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XPCOM Examples - Archive of obsolete content
the code below shows how to get a component which implements it: var wmdata = components.classes["@mozilla.org/rdf/datasource;1?name=window-mediator"].getservice(); wmdata.queryinterface(components.interfaces.nsiwindowdatasource); this code retrieves a window mediator data source component.
...you can also get this component through the rdf service, which is another service that manages rdf datasources.
... the nsiwindowdatasource interface has a function getwindowforresource, which can be used to get the window given a resource.
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Backgrounds and borders - Learn web development
in the example below, we have two boxes — one has a background image which is larger than the box, the other has a small image of a star.
...in this case we could use the background-size property, which can take length or percentage values, to size the image to fit inside the background.
... positioning the background image the background-position property allows you to choose the position in which the background image appears on the box it is applied to.
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Organizing your CSS - Learn web development
some developers put all of the rules onto a single line, like so: .box { background-color: #567895; } h2 { background-color: black; color: white; } other developers prefer to break everything onto a new line: .box { background-color: #567895; } h2 { background-color: black; color: white; } css doesn't mind which one you use.
...if you use a string which won't appear in the code you can jump from section to section by searching for it — below we have used ||.
...this means all of the styles which will generally apply unless you do something special with that element.
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Beginner's guide to media queries - Learn web development
media query basics the simplest media query syntax looks like this: @media media-type and (media-feature-rule) { /* css rules go here */ } it consists of: a media type, which tells the browser what kind of media this code is for (e.g.
... a media expression, which is a rule, or test that must be passed for the contained css to be applied.
... orientation one well-supported media feature is orientation, which allows us to test for portrait or landscape mode.
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The web and web standards - Learn web development
brief history of the web we'll keep this very brief, as there are many (more) detailed accounts of the web's history out there, which we'll link to later on (also try searching for "history of the web" in your favorite search engine and see what you get, if you are interested in more detail.) in the late 1960s, the us military developed a communication network called arpanet.
... in 1980, tim berners-lee (often referred to as timbl) wrote a notebook program called enquire, which featured the concept of links between different nodes.
... by late 1990, timbl had created all the things needed to run the first version of the web — http, html, the first web browser, which was called worldwideweb, an http server, and some web pages to look at.
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From object to iframe — other embedding technologies - Learn web development
<iframe>s are for embedding other web pages, and the other two allow you to embed pdfs, svg, and even flash — a technology that is on the way out, but which you'll still see semi-regularly.
...these were embedded in a master document called a frameset, which allowed you to specify the area on the screen that each frame filled, rather like sizing the columns and rows of a table.
...they did however have many problems, which far outweighed any positives as network speeds got faster, so you don't see them being used anymore.
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Introducing asynchronous JavaScript - Learn web development
async callbacks async callbacks are functions that are specified as arguments when calling a function which will start executing code in the background.
... callbacks are versatile — not only do they allow you to control the order in which functions are run and what data is passed between them, they also allow you to pass data to different functions depending on circumstance.
...the expected parameter of foreach() is a callback function, which itself takes two parameters, a reference to the array name and index values.
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Graceful asynchronous programming with Promises - Learn web development
since getusermedia() has to ensure that the user has permission to use those devices and ask the user which microphone to use and which camera to use (or whether to be a voice-only call, among other possible options), it can block until not only all of those decisions are made, but also the camera and microphone have been engaged.
...so instead of waiting for the user, getting the chosen devices enabled, and directly returning the mediastream for the stream created from the selected sources, getusermedia() returns a promise which is resolved with the mediastream once it's available.
...there are certain steps that you have to take for your order to be successful, which doesn't really make sense to try to execute out of order, or in order but before each previous step has quite finished: you choose what toppings you want.
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Ember interactivity: Events, classes and state - Learn web development
we can capture the keydown event via the on modifier, which is just ember syntactic sugar around addeventlistener and removeeventlistener (see this explanation if needed).
... add the new line shown below to your header.hbs file: <input class='new-todo' aria-label='what needs to be done?' placeholder='what needs to be done?' autofocus {{on 'keydown' this.onkeydown}} > this new attribute is inside double curly braces, which tells you it is part of ember's dynamic templating syntax.
... note: a decorator is basically a wrapper function, which wraps and calls other functions or properties, providing additional functionality along the way.
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Getting started with Svelte - Learn web development
nevertheless, svelte is particularly appropriate to tackle the following situations: web applications intended for low power devices: applications built with svelte have smaller bundle sizes, which is ideal for devices with slow network connections and limited processing power.
...and then there's also svelte native, which lets you build native mobile applications.
...gitbash (which comes as part of the git for windows toolset) or windows subsystem for linux (wsl) are both suitable.
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Advanced Svelte: Reactivity, lifecycle, accessibility - Learn web development
we will also learn about the action directive, which will allow us to extend the functionality of html elements in a reusable and declarative way.
...the framework updates this virtual representation which is then synced with the "real" dom.
... another solution is to assign a new array to todos containing a copy of all the todos with the completed property updated accordingly, like this: const checkalltodos = (completed) => { todos = todos.map(t => { // shorter version: todos = todos.map(t => ({...t, completed})) return {...t, completed: completed} }) } in this case we are using the map() method, which returns a new array with the results of executing the provided function for each item.
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Adding a new event
first, you need to choose which type you need.
... a simple dom event which can be implemented with webidl and widgetevent or something.
... a dom event which represents a native event like a user action such as keyboard or mouse input.
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How Mozilla's build system works
the file is generated from a file called configure.in, which is written in m4 and processed using autoconf 2.13 to create the final configure script.
...for example, a data structure defines which compiler to use, how to invoke it, which application features are enabled, and so on.
...these data structures are then read by a build backend generator, which then converts them into files, function calls, and so on.
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Displaying Places information using views
see querying places for information about obtaining and using nsinavhistoryresult objects, which this page assumes you are familiar with.
... the built-in views if you need to show the contents of bookmarks or history in your extension or application, you may want to use the built-in places views, which are generic and will save you a lot of time writing basic functionality so that you can focus on building your extension or application.
...it also contains the built-in places context menu and commands, which you may want to take advantage of in your own uses of the views.
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Performance best practices for Firefox front-end engineers
this guide will help firefox developers working on front-end code produce code which is as performant as possible—not just on its own, but in terms of its impact on other parts of firefox.
...if you need more elevated privileges than a standard worker allows, consider using a chromeworker, which is a firefox-only api which lets you create workers with more elevated privileges.
...by doing so, you cause the binding applied on demand rather than at load time, which makes initial construction of the xul document faster.
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Power profiling overview
in si units, energy is measured in joules, and power is measured in watts, which is equivalent to joules per second.
... in the context of computing, a fully-charged mobile device battery (as found in a laptop or smartphone) holds a certain amount of energy, and the speed at which that stored energy is depleted depends on the power consumption of the mobile device.
... each core typically has hyper-threading, which means it contains two logical cpus.
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NSS tools : certutil
specify the database from which to delete the key with the -d argument.
... -b validity-time specify a time at which a certificate is required to be valid.
...the format of the validity-time argument is yymmddhhmmss[+hhmm|-hhmm|z], which allows offsets to be set relative to the validity end time.
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Shell global objects
object that may have these properties: isrunonce use the isrunonce compiler option (default: false) noscriptrval use the no-script-rval compiler option (default: false) filename filename for error messages and debug info linenumber starting line number for error messages and debug info columnnumber starting column number for error messages and debug info global global in which to execute the code newcontext if true, create and use a new cx (default: false) catchtermination if true, catch termination (failure without an exception value, as for slow scripts or out-of-memory) and return 'terminated' element if present with value v, convert v to an object o and mark the source as being attached to the dom element o.
... objectemulatingundefined() return a new object obj for which typeof obj === "undefined", obj == null and obj == undefined (and vice versa for !=), and toboolean(obj) === false.
... cacheentry(code) return a new opaque object which emulates a cache entry of a script.
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WebReplayRoadmap
seeing messages in the console provides a simple and intuitive view into the order in which events have happened.
... the bug only needs to be reproduced in a recording tab once, and then console logs can be added which apply throughout the entire recording.
... this is based on the logpoints feature in the debugger, which can be enabled with the devtools.debugger.features.log-points preference.
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Embedded Dialog API
these new windows can be entire new browser windows opened in response to web page script, or dialogs or alerts which may arise from script or merely during normal operation of the browser.
...however while xul dialogs are very configurable, they will not behave and probably not look precisely like dialogs which the application builds for itself, independently of gecko.
... applications which implement merely the simplest, base gecko windowing api will then have a mixture of xul and native windows.
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Finishing the Component
when your component runs in a version of gecko in which this interface is updated, your method calls will be routed through a different v-table than the one the component expected, most likely resulting in a crash.
...the only trouble occurs when the compiler itself changes its v-table layout, which can happen when the compiler changes its abi.
...similar problems occurred with gcc 4.0, which underwent similar abi changes.
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IAccessibleTable
in this case iaccessible2.indexinparent() will return the child index which then can be used when calling rowindex() and columnindex().
...[propget] hresult accessibleat( [in] long row, [in] long column, [out] iunknown accessible ); parameters row the 0 based row index for which to retrieve the cell.
... column the 0 based column index for which to retrieve the cell.
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nsIClipboard
inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 30.0 (firefox 30.0 / thunderbird 30.0 / seamonkey 2.27) method overview void emptyclipboard(in long awhichclipboard); void forcedatatoclipboard(in long awhichclipboard); obsolete since gecko 1.8 void getdata(in nsitransferable atransferable, in long awhichclipboard); boolean hasdatamatchingflavors([array, size_is(alength)] in string aflavorlist, in unsigned long alength, in long awhichclipboard); void setdata(in nsitransferable atransferable, in nsiclipboardowner anowner, in long awhichclipboard); boolean supportss...
...electionclipboard(); boolean supportsfindclipboard(); constants most clipboard operations in firefox use kglobalclipboard, which is the one also used by the typical control-c/control-v keyboard shortcuts.
... the kselectionclipboard is peculiar to the x windows system, where it refers to the primary selection, which is the one that simple mouse selection and middle-click paste operations are using.
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nsIHttpServer
* * @param port * the port upon which listening should happen, or -1 if no specific port is * desired * @throws ns_error_already_initialized * if this server is already started * @throws ns_error_not_available * if the server is not started and cannot be started on the desired port * (perhaps because the port is already in use or because the process does * not have privileges to do so) * @note * ...
...allback used to notify the user when this server is * stopped and all pending requests have been fully served * @throws ns_error_null_pointer * if callback is null * @throws ns_error_unexpected * if this server is not running */ void stop(in nsihttpserverstoppedcallback callback); /** * associates the local file represented by the string file with all requests * which match request.
... * * @param path * the path which is to be mapped to the given file; must begin with "/" and * be a valid uri path (i.e., no query string, hash reference, etc.) * @param file * the file to serve for the given path, or null to remove any mapping that * might exist; this file must exist for the lifetime of the server */ void registerfile(in string path, in nsifile file); /** * registers a custom path handler.
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nsINavHistoryResultObserver
1.0 66 introduced gecko 2.0 inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 11.0 (firefox 11.0 / thunderbird 11.0 / seamonkey 2.8) note: in gecko 2.0 (firefox 4 / thunderbird 3.3 / seamonkey 2.1), this interface replaced the older nsinavhistoryresultviewer interface, which only allowed one client at a time.
...this is especially useful when updating user interfaces, to avoid flicker or continuous selection changes, which may result in performance degradation (for example, if updating a view for each update).
... void containerclosed( in nsinavhistorycontainerresultnode acontainernode ); parameters acontainernode the container node which was closed.
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nsIScriptableIO
file and stream guide: [ nsiscriptableio | accessing files | getting file information | reading from files | writing to files | moving, copying and deleting files | uploading and downloading files | working with directories ] important note: the pages from the file and stream guide use the io object (nsiscriptableio), which was not available in any released version of the platform (pending some fixes).
...the file does not have to exist already; this method simply creates the file reference which may then be passed to the newinputstream() or newoutputstream() method to open the file for reading or writing.
... nsiuri newuri( in nsivariant auri ); parameters auri the file for which to create a new nsiuri object.
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Debugger.Script - Firefox Developer Tools
url if the instance refers to a jsscript, the filename or url from which this script’s code was loaded.
... startline if the instance refers to a jsscript, the number of the line at which this script’s code starts, within the file or document named by url.
... source if the instance refers to a jsscript, the debugger.source instance representing the source code from which this script was produced.
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Debugger.Object - Firefox Developer Tools
as a consequence, a single debugger instance may actually have several debugger.object instances: one for each compartment from which the referent is viewed.
... this accessor returns whatever name appeared after the function keyword in the source code, regardless of whether the function is the result of instantiating a function declaration (which binds the function to its name in the enclosing scope) or evaluating a function expression (which binds the function to its name only within the function's body).
... if the referent is a host function for which parameter names are not available, return an array with one element per parameter, each of which is undefined.
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Applying styles and colors - Web APIs
the globalalpha property is set at 0.2 which will be used for all shapes from that point on.
...lrect(0, 112.5, 150, 37.5); // draw semi transparent rectangles for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) { ctx.fillstyle = 'rgba(255, 255, 255, ' + (i + 1) / 10 + ')'; for (var j = 0; j < 4; j++) { ctx.fillrect(5 + i * 14, 5 + j * 37.5, 14, 27.5); } } } <canvas id="canvas" width="150" height="150"></canvas> draw(); screenshotlive sample line styles there are several properties which allow us to style lines.
...an approximation of this has to be rendered, which means that those pixels being only partially shaded, and results in the entire area (the light blue and dark blue) being filled in with a color only half as dark as the actual stroke color.
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Drawing shapes with canvas - Web APIs
luckily, we have an assortment of path drawing functions which make it possible to compose very complex shapes.
...internally, paths are stored as a list of sub-paths (lines, arcs, etc) which together form a shape.
...th="100" height="100"></canvas> </body> </html> function draw() { var canvas = document.getelementbyid('canvas'); if (canvas.getcontext) { var ctx = canvas.getcontext('2d'); ctx.beginpath(); ctx.moveto(75, 50); ctx.lineto(100, 75); ctx.lineto(100, 25); ctx.fill(); } } the result looks like this: screenshotlive sample moving the pen one very useful function, which doesn't actually draw anything but becomes part of the path list described above, is the moveto() function.
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Document - Web APIs
the document interface represents any web page loaded in the browser and serves as an entry point into the web page's content, which is the dom tree.
... document.featurepolicy read only returns the featurepolicy interface which provides a simple api for introspecting the feature policies applied to a specific document.
... document.selectedstylesheetset returns which style sheet set is currently in use.
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Element - Web APIs
element is the most general base class from which all element objects (i.e.
... event handlers element.onfullscreenchange an event handler for the fullscreenchange event, which is sent when the element enters or exits full-screen mode.
... element.onfullscreenerror an event handler for the fullscreenerror event, which is sent when an error occurs while attempting to change into full-screen mode.
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HTMLImageElement - Web APIs
h="2px" /><text x="411" y="94" font-size="12px" font-family="consolas,monaco,andale mono,monospace" fill="#4d4e53" text-anchor="middle" alignment-baseline="middle">htmlimageelement</text></a></svg></div> a:hover text { fill: #0095dd; pointer-events: all;} constructor image() the image() constructor creates and returns a new htmlimageelement object representing an html <img> element which is not attached to any dom tree.
... htmlimageelement.currentsrc read only returns a usvstring representing the url from which the currently displayed image was loaded.
... this may change as the image is adjusted due to changing conditions, as directed by any media queries which are in place.
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Using microtasks in JavaScript with queueMicrotask() - Web APIs
a microtask is a short function which is executed after the function or program which created it exits and only if the javascript execution stack is empty, but before returning control to the event loop being used by the user agent to drive the script's execution environment.
... tasks a task is any javascript code which is scheduled to be run by the standard mechanisms such as initially starting to run a program, an event callback being run, or an interval or timeout being fired.
... the event loop driving your code handles these tasks one after another, in the order in which they were enqueued.
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RTCPeerConnection.createOffer() - Web APIs
the return value is a promise which, when the offer has been created, is resolved with a rtcsessiondescription object containing the newly-created offer.
... offertoreceiveaudio optional (legacy) a legacy boolean option which used to control whether or not to offer to the remote peer the opportunity to try to send audio.
... offertoreceivevideo optional (legacy) a legacy boolean option which used to control whether or not to offer to the remote peer the opportunity to try to send video.
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Using readable streams - Web APIs
the body mixin now includes the body property, which is a simple getter exposing the body contents as a readable stream.
...this reads one chunk out of the stream, which you can then do anything you like with.
...in the pump() function seen above we first invoke read(), which returns a promise containing a results object — this has the results of our read in it, in the form { done, value }: return reader.read().then(({ done, value }) => { the results can be one of three different types: if a chunk is available to read, the promise will be fulfilled with an object of the form { value: thechunk, done: false }.
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A simple RTCDataChannel sample - Web APIs
the rtcdatachannel interface is a feature of the webrtc api which lets you open a channel between two peers over which you may send and receive arbitrary data.
...first, we have a couple of buttons for establishing and closing the connection: <button id="connectbutton" name="connectbutton" class="buttonleft"> connect </button> <button id="disconnectbutton" name="disconnectbutton" class="buttonright" disabled> disconnect </button> then there's a box which contains the text input box into which the user can type a message to transmit, with a button to send the entered text.
... <div class="messagebox"> <label for="message">enter a message: <input type="text" name="message" id="message" placeholder="message text" inputmode="latin" size=60 maxlength=120 disabled> </label> <button id="sendbutton" name="sendbutton" class="buttonright" disabled> send </button> </div> finally, there's the little box into which we'll insert the messages.
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Example and tutorial: Simple synth keyboard - Web APIs
<div class="settingsbar"> <div class="left"> <span>volume: </span> <input type="range" min="0.0" max="1.0" step="0.01" value="0.5" list="volumes" name="volume"> <datalist id="volumes"> <option value="0.0" label="mute"> <option value="1.0" label="100%"> </datalist> </div> we specify a default value of 0.5, and we provide a <datalist> element which is connected to the range using the name attribute to find an option list whose id matches; in this case, the data set is named "volume".
... this lets us provide a set of common values and special strings which the browser may optionally choose to display in some fashion; we provide names for the values 0.0 ("mute") and 1.0 ("100%").
... mastergainnode is set to null; during the setup process, it will be configured to contain a gainnode which all playing oscillators will connect to and play through to allow the overall volume to be controlled using a single slider control.
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XRReferenceSpace - Web APIs
it expands upon the base class, xrspace, by adding support for several different tracking behaviors as well as to request a new reference space which describes the offset transform between the tracked object and another location in the world.
...these are special spaces which let you establish a perimeter within which it's "safe" for the viewer to move.
... properties in addition to the properties inherited from xrspace (of which there are none at this time), xrreferencespace also inherits the properties of eventtarget.
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XRView - Web APIs
a 3d frame will involve two views, one for each eye, separated by an appropriate distance which approximates the distance between the viewer's eyes.
... properties eye read only which of the two eyes (left) or (right) for which this xrview represents the perspective.
... this value is used to ensure that any content which is pre-rendered for presenting to a specific eye is distributed or positioned correctly.
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Backwards Compatibility of Flexbox - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
to create a flex container you would use display: box and there were a number of box-* properties, which did things that you will recognise from flexbox today.
... there are a few old articles in existence that refer to the older versions of flexbox, which are pretty easy to identify due to the change in the way that a flex container is created.
...the two browsers you should still keep in mind for cross-browser compatibility are: internet explorer 10, which implemented the display: flexbox version of the specification with the -ms- prefix.
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Box alignment in CSS Grid Layout - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
css grid layout implements the specification box alignment level 3 which is the same standard flexbox uses for aligning items in its flex container.
...the block axis is the axis upon which blocks are laid out in block layout.
... the inline axis runs across the block axis, it is the direction in which text in regular inline flow runs.
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Viewport concepts - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
in fullscreen mode, the viewport is the device screen, the window is the browser window, which can be as big as the viewport or smaller, and the document is the website, which can be much taller or wider than the viewport.
...if you had a sticky header or footer, they would still be stuck to the top or bottom of the layout viewport, but they may not be visible at the top and bottom of the device's screen — which is the visual viewport.
...if you scroll down, you are changing the contents of the visual viewport and bringing the bottom of the layout viewport into view, displaying the sticky footer, which will then stay stuck at the bottom.
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Browser detection using the user agent - HTTP
the web is meant to be accessible to everyone, regardless of which browser or device they're using.
... considerations before using browser detection when considering using the user agent string to detect which browser is being used, your first step is to try to avoid it if possible.
... do you want to provide different html depending on which browser is being used?
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Iterators and generators - JavaScript
for details, see also: iteration_protocols for...of function* and generator yield and yield* iterators in javascript an iterator is an object which defines a sequence and potentially a return value upon its termination.
... specifically, an iterator is any object which implements the iterator protocol by having a next() method that returns an object with two properties: value the next value in the iteration sequence.
... the most common iterator in javascript is the array iterator, which simply returns each value in the associated array in sequence.
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Using Promises - JavaScript
essentially, a promise is a returned object to which you attach callbacks, instead of passing callbacks into a function.
... imagine a function, createaudiofileasync(), which asynchronously generates a sound file given a configuration record and two callback functions, one called if the audio file is successfully created, and the other called if an error occurs.
...each callback is executed one after another, in the order in which they were inserted.
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Working with objects - JavaScript
a property's value can be a function, in which case the property is known as a method.
...the same way, javascript objects can have properties, which define their characteristics.
...you access the properties of an object with a simple dot-notation: objectname.propertyname like all javascript variables, both the object name (which could be a normal variable) and property name are case sensitive.
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Inheritance and the prototype chain - JavaScript
each object has a private property which holds a link to another object called its prototype.
... nearly all objects in javascript are instances of object which sits on the top of a prototype chain.
...this is equivalent to the javascript property __proto__ which is non-standard but de-facto implemented by many browsers.
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Web Components
web components aims to solve such problems — it consists of three main technologies, which can be used together to create versatile custom elements with encapsulated functionality that can be reused wherever you like without fear of code collisions.
... custom elements: a set of javascript apis that allow you to define custom elements and their behaviour, which can then be used as desired in your user interface.
... shadow dom: a set of javascript apis for attaching an encapsulated "shadow" dom tree to an element — which is rendered separately from the main document dom — and controlling associated functionality.
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XUL Migration Guide - Archive of obsolete content
but the sdk makes a distinction between: add-on scripts, which can use the sdk apis, but are not able to interact with web pages content scripts, which can access web pages, but do not have access to the sdk's apis content scripts and add-on scripts communicate by sending each other json messages: in fact, the ability to communicate with the add-on scripts is the only extra privilege a content script is granted over a normal remote web page script.
... many add-ons will need to make some changes to their user interfaces if they are to use only the sdk's supported apis, and add-ons which make drastic changes to the browser chrome will very probably need more than the sdk's supported apis can offer.
... using the low-level apis in addition to the high-level apis, the sdk includes a number of low-level apis some of which, such xhr and window/utils, expose powerful browser capabilities.
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JavaScript Object Management - Archive of obsolete content
« previousnext » chrome javascript in this section we'll look into how to handle javascript data effectively, beginning with chrome code, in ways which will prevent pollution of shared namespaces and conflicts with other add-ons resulting from such global namespace pollution.
...this needs to be replaced with an identifier name which is unique to your add-on.
...in this case we set the delay to 0, which means the function should be executed as soon as possible.
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Inner-browsing extending the browser navigation paradigm - Archive of obsolete content
introduction when you click a link on a web page, your web browser makes a request to a web server which usually results in a new web page as a response.
... that new page may have links that take you to other pages, which may in turn have more links, and so on.
...one such model is inner-browsing, which is our name for a model in which all navigation occurs within a single page, as in a typical application interface.
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In-Depth - Archive of obsolete content
system colours css2 defines colours which are the same as your operating systems theme.
...all of the properties follow the w3c's standards for vendor extensions, which is why they all begin with -moz.
... this is only a list of properties which may be useful to you; it is in no way all of the mozilla specific properties available.
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Repackaging Firefox - Archive of obsolete content
install.rdf meta-information about your extension, such as the creator (your organization), a unique id, and which versions of firefox are supported.
... locale/*/partner.properties for preferences which need to be localized, there needs to be an entry in each of the properties files with the desired value for that locale.
... on the other hand, if you create a dex which supports all locales, you can only ship on a few, and later expand your set without any upgrade hassles.
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Microsummary XML grammar reference - Archive of obsolete content
</template> </transform> </template> <pages> <include>http://(www\.)?spreadfirefox\.com/(index\.php)?</include> </pages> </generator> namespace the namespace uri for microsummary generator xml documents is: http://www.mozilla.org/microsummaries/0.1 all elements in a microsummary generator document should be in this namespace except the descendants of the <template> element, which should be in the xslt namespace: http://www.w3.org/1999/xsl/transform the <generator> element the <generator> element is the root tag for all microsummary generators, and should contain the remainder of the xml code describing the generator.
...generators installed from the web via nssidebar::addmicrosummarygenerator are identified by the remote url from which they were downloaded, and firefox ignores the value of this attribute for them.
... the <template> element the <template> element contains the xslt stylesheet which transforms web pages into their microsummaries.
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Modifying a XUL Interface - Archive of obsolete content
the button element has two attributes "label" and "oncommand" a javascript function named "addbutton()" this script first gets a reference to the box with getelementbyid(), which is the container to add a new button to.
...this is a subtle dependency between the function and the xul element to which you should pay attention.
... the button with the label "add" can be pressed multiple times and it will continue to add new buttons, each of which will have the label "a new button", and will only be distinguishable by their place as children in the box element with the id "abox".
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More Event Handlers - Archive of obsolete content
in the attribute form of the event handler, the event object is an implied argument to the script code which can be referred to using the name 'event'.
... the event object has a number of properties which can be examined during an event.
...mouse events there are several events which can be used to handle mouse specific actions, which are described briefly below: click called when the mouse is pressed and released on an element.
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Skinning XUL Files by Hand - Archive of obsolete content
a button is styled by the global skin when its class attribute is set to a class which is defined in the global skin.
... button.plain { border: 0px !important; } the global skin, in which styles for these several button classes and dozens of other elements are defined, is described in the following section.
...but you may also want to define new classes of buttons particular to your xul file, in which case the style information will be wholly defined within your custom css file.
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Styling a Tree - Archive of obsolete content
the following is the syntax that needs to be used: treechildren::-moz-tree-row(makeitblue) { background-color: blue; } this style which has a complex selector is used to style the background color of rows that have the 'makeitblue' property.
... the text '::-moz-tree-row' specifies what content area is desired, which in this case is a row.
... treechildren::-moz-tree-row(readonly) { border: 1px solid red; } treechildren::-moz-tree-row(readonly, unread) { background-color: rgb(80%, 80%, 80%); } default properties the properties list for tree elements contain a small number of default properties, which you can also use in a style sheet.
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The Business Benefits of Web Standards - Archive of obsolete content
the number of sites which do not include proper titles and descriptions in the meta is surprising.
...separating presentation from content increases the information/markup ratio, making css-based documents more pertinent with regard to the search terms, which makes them rank higher in search results.
...most of this information uses invalid html which happens to be displayed correctly in permissive older browsers.
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Explaining basic 3D theory - Game development
a normal defines which way the face is directed in.
...the geometry is built from a vertex and the face, while material is a texture, which uses a color or an image.
... rendering pipeline the rendering pipeline is the process by which images are prepared and output onto the screen.
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Flexbox - Learn web development
specifying what elements to lay out as flexible boxes to start with, we need to select which elements are to be laid out as flexible boxes.
... flexbox provides a property called flex-direction that specifies what direction the main axis runs in (what direction the flexbox children are laid out in) — by default this is set to row, which causes them to be laid out in a row in the direction your browser's default language works in (left to right, in the case of an english browser).
...one way in which you can fix this is to add the following declaration to your <section> rule: flex-wrap: wrap; also, add the following declaration to your <article> rule: flex: 200px; try this now; you'll see that the layout looks much better with this included: we now have multiple rows — as many flexbox children are fitted onto each row as makes sense, and any overflow is moved down to the next line.
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How CSS is structured - Learn web development
here are three examples: <!-- inside a subdirectory called styles inside the current directory --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/style.css"> <!-- inside a subdirectory called general, which is in a subdirectory called styles, inside the current directory --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/general/style.css"> <!-- go up one directory level, then inside a subdirectory called styles --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../styles/style.css"> internal stylesheet an internal stylesheet resides within an html document.
... each css rule starts with a selector—or a list of selectors—in order to tell the browser which element or elements the rules should apply to.
...which selector prevails?
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How to build custom form controls - Learn web development
when it comes to standardized elements, of which the <select> is one, the specification authors spent an inordinate amount of time specifying all interactions for every use case for every input device.
... creating new controls is not that easy, especially if you are creating something that has not been done before, and therefore which nobody has the slightest idea of what the expected behaviors and interactions are.
... .select { /* the computations are made assuming 1em == 16px which is the default value in most browsers.
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JavaScript basics - Learn web development
following that, the code set the value of the myheading variable's textcontent property (which represents the content of the heading) to hello world!.
... note: both of the features you used in this exercise are parts of the document object model (dom) api, which has the capability to manipulate documents.
...*/ if your comment contains no line breaks, it's an option to put it behind two slashes like this: // this is a comment operators an operator is a mathematical symbol which produces a result based on two values (or variables).
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Getting started with HTML - Learn web development
html consists of a series of elements, which you use to enclose, wrap, or mark up different parts of content to make it appear or act in a certain way.
...if we wanted to state that our cat is very grumpy, we could wrap the word very in a <strong> element, which means that the word is to have strong(er) text formatting: <p>my cat is <strong>very</strong> grumpy.</p> there is a right and wrong way to do nesting.
...while the names correlate by default, changing the css display type doesn't change the category of the element, and doesn't affect which elements it can contain and which elements it can be contained in.
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Object-oriented JavaScript for beginners - Learn web development
objects can contain related data and code, which represent information about the thing you are trying to model, and functionality or behavior that you want it to have.
... object data (and often, functions too) can be stored neatly (the official word is encapsulated) inside an object package (which can be given a specific name to refer to, which is sometimes called a namespace), making it easy to structure and access; objects are also commonly used as data stores that can be easily sent across the network.
... to start this off, we could return to our person object type from our first objects article, which defines the generic data and functionality of a person.
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Introduction to client-side frameworks - Learn web development
mdn web docs, which you are currently reading this on, uses the react/reactdom framework to power its front end.
... angular is a component-based framework which uses declarative html templates.
... consider a common kind of application: a to-do list creator, which we'll look at implementing using a variety of frameworks in future chapters.
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Dynamic behavior in Svelte: working with variables and props - Learn web development
also, a key expression can be provided, which will uniquely identify each item.
...finally, an :else block can be provided, which will be rendered when the list is empty.
...in this case svelte is using the export keyword to mark a variable declaration as a property or prop, which means it becomes accessible to consumers of the component.
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Creating our first Vue component - Learn web development
creating a todoitem component let's create our first component, which will display a single todo item.
...inside the <script> tags, add a default exported object export default {}, which is your component object.
... add a props property inside the export default {} object, which contains an empty object.
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Setting up your own test automation environment - Learn web development
for more complete details, you should consult the selenium-webdriver javascript api reference for a detailed reference, and the selenium main documentation's selenium webdriver and webdriver: advanced usage pages, which contain multiple examples to learn from written in different languages.
... add this line to the bottom of quick_test.js now: driver.get('http://mdn.github.io/learning-area/tools-testing/cross-browser-testing/accessibility/native-keyboard-accessibility.html'); interacting with the document now we've got a document to test, we need to interact with it in some way, which usually involves first selecting a specific element to test something about.
...the actual selection is done by the findelement() method, which accepts as a parameter a selection method.
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Accessibility API cross-reference
aria is a standard developed as part of the web accessibility initiative, which uses markup syntax quite familiar to users of html, xml, sgml and others.
...aria can be used to 'fill out' the missing semantics of html, but may also be used in other markup languages (such as svg) and expresses semantics using attributes, compared with html, which tends to have distinct named elements for its roles.
... banner a portion of quoted content which is 'too long' to appear 'inline' n/a blockquote <blockquote> entire window border as 1 object border n/a n/a n/a specific kind of button that drops down a list of items, msaa only buttondropdown n/a n/a expressed with aria-haspopup on an element with a button role specific kind of butto...
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Configuring Build Options
using a mozconfig configuration file the choice of which mozilla application to build and other configuration options can be configured in a mozconfig file.
...this will also help when troubleshooting because people will want to know which build options you have selected and will assume that you have put them in your mozconfig file.
... the most important of these is moz_objdir, which controls where your application gets built (also known as the object directory).
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Error codes returned by Mozilla APIs
ns_error_not_initialized (0xc1f30001) an attempt was made to use a component or object which has not yet been initialized.
... these components usually provide an initialization method, often called init, which must be called before other methods are used.
... ns_error_already_initialized (0xc1f30002) an attempt is made to initialize a component or object again which has already been initialized.
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Using the Browser API
it is implied for webextensions, which always run in a separate content process from web content.
...you'll also notice that we're also firing these functions on the touchend event, which is effective as firefox os devices are generally touchscreen.
...these use htmliframeelement.getcangoback() and htmliframeelement.getcangoforward(), which return a boolean defining whether backward/forward navigation is possible at this point in the history.
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Dict.jsm
to use it, you first need to import the code module into your javascript scope: components.utils.import("resource://gre/modules/dict.jsm"); creating a dictionary you can create a new, empty dictionary by simply calling the dict() constructor: var newdict = new dict(); if you wish, you may also pass in an object literal of key/value pairs with which to initialize the dictionary: var someobj = {}; var newdict = new dict({key1: "foo", key2: someobj}); note that values may be any javascript object type.
... note: the order in which items are returned is arbitrary, and may change without notice.
... note: the order in which items are returned is arbitrary, and may change without notice.
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PromiseWorker.jsm
summary a promiseworker is a chromeworker except instead of calling postmessage() to send a message, you call post(), which returns a promise.
... javascript files imported into the worker scope and main thread scope which allows posting to the worker and receiving in the form of a promise.
... promiseworker.js path: resource://gre/modules/workers/promiseworker.js a javascript file used by the worker thread, which is created by promiseworker.jsm in main thread, to communicate with the main thread.
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WebRequest.jsm
the webrequest api is modeled on chrome's webrequest extension api, which makes it easier to write cross-browser add-on code.
... usage to import webrequest, use code like: let {webrequest} = cu.import("resource://gre/modules/webrequest.jsm", {}); the webrequest object has the following properties, each of which corresponds to a specific stage in executing a web request: onbeforerequest onbeforesendheaders onsendheaders onheadersreceived onresponsestarted oncompleted each of these objects defines two functions: addlistener(callback, filter, opt_extrainfospec) removelistener(callback) adding listeners use addlistener to add a listener to a particular event.
... filter object the optional filter argument is used to restrict the requests for which the listener callback will be invoked.
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Gecko Profiler FAQ
this can change some performance characteristics, but is a decent way to get a sense of which parts of a large function are expensive.
...the only way that i’ve tried before is to use a “difference calltree”: in the regular call tree, each node of the calltree is assigned a weight which is just the number of samples that were under this call stack.
... you do want to think about various characteristics of an allocator which may have an impact on performance.
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NSS Tools modutil
-default modulename specify the security mechanisms for which the named module will be a default provider.
... -undefault modulename specify the security mechanisms for which the named module will not be a default provider.
... arguments -dbdir directory specify the database directory in which to access or create security module database files.
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certutil
specify the database from which to delete the key with the -d argument.
... -b validity-time specify a time at which a certificate is required to be valid.
...the format of the validity-time argument is yymmddhhmmss[+hhmm|-hhmm|z], which allows offsets to be set relative to the validity end time.
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SpiderMonkey 1.8.5
instead use double_to_jsval, int_to_jsval, and uint_to_jsval, which are faster and can't fail.
... since this is a conservative collector, it will often find "garbage" addresses which can trigger warnings from certain code analysis tools.
...this is not a bug, and, any embedding which depends upon deterministic finalization is fatally flawed.
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SpiderMonkey 1.8.7
spidermonkey 1.8.7 includes type inference, which boosts the speed of the jägermonkey jit by about 30% over version 1.8.5.
... since this is a conservative collector, it will often find "garbage" addresses which can trigger warnings from certain code analysis tools.
...this is not a bug, and, any embedding which depends upon deterministic finalization is fatally flawed.
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Gecko object attributes
this is in contrast to text attributes, which apply only to substrings in a text object.
... applied to: any role which related dom node has id attribute tag the actual markup tag used to create this element (also used in xul).
...this may provide more information than the mapped role, which is best-fit.
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Avoiding leaks in JavaScript XPCOM components
it's difficult to use this strategy when there are multiple pointers to a given object and it's uncertain which one will need to last the longest.
...this tends to be solved in one of two ways: either break the cycle at some point or ensure that the cycle is never created in the first place by making one of the pointers not own a reference (which carries the potential for crashes just like malloc and free).
... garbage collection garbage collection is generally used to refer to algorithms that (1) determine which objects are still needed by starting from a set of roots and finding all objects reachable from those objects and (2) returning all remaining objects to the heap.
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Using XPCOM Utilities to Make Things Easier
module implementation macros the general case is to use ns_impl_nsgetmodule, which doesn't take any callbacks, but all the macros follow the same general pattern.
...ke the following form: #define ns_ioservice_cid \ { /* 9ac9e770-18bc-11d3-9337-00104ba0fd40 */ \ 0x9ac9e770, \ 0x18bc, \ 0x11d3, \ {0x93, 0x37, 0x00, 0x10, 0x4b, 0xa0, 0xfd, 0x40} \ } the next entry is the contract id string, which is also usually defined in a #define in a header file.
...inside the macro, the interface name expands to ns_get_iid(), which is another macro that extracts the iid from the generated header of the interface.
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Introduction to XPCOM for the DOM
in the first case, if we forget to addref the object, the object may delete itself before we are done using the pointer, which would cause a crash when dereferencing it.
... in the second case, if we forget to release the object, it will never delete itself, which will cause "memory leaks", i.e.
...for example, in idl we'd write getelementbyid, which in c++ would be translated to getelementbyid.
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IAccessibleTable2
[propget] hresult cellat( [in] long row, [in] long column, [out] iunknown cell ); parameters row the 0 based row index for which to retrieve the cell.
... column the 0 based column index for which to retrieve the cell.
...[propget] hresult columndescription( [in] long column, [out] bstr description ); parameters column the 0 based index of the column for which to retrieve the description.
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IAccessibleText
1.0 66 introduced gecko 1.9 inherits from: iunknown last changed in gecko 1.9 (firefox 3) this enum defines values which specify a text() boundary type.
...[propget] hresult attributes( [in] long offset, [out] long startoffset, [out] long endoffset, [out] bstr textattributes ); parameters offset text() offset (0 based) startoffset the starting offset of the character range over which all text() attributes match those of offset.
... (0 based) endoffset the offset of the first character past the character range over which all text() attributes match those of offset.
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imgIContainer
obsolete since gecko 2.0 gfximagesurface copyframe(in pruint32 awhichframe, in pruint32 aflags); native code only!
... obsolete since gecko 2.0 imgicontainer extractframe(in pruint32 awhichframe, [const] in nsintrect arect, in pruint32 aflags); native code only!
... obsolete since gecko 2.0 gfxasurface getframe(in pruint32 awhichframe, in pruint32 aflags); native code only!
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nsIScriptError
innerwindowid unsigned long long the inner window id with which the error is associated.
... outerwindowid unsigned long long the window id with which the error is associated.
... sourcename astring the url of the file in which the error occurred.
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nsISessionStore
void deletetabvalue( in nsidomnode atab, in astring akey ); parameters atab the tab for which to delete the value.
... void deletewindowvalue( in nsidomwindow awindow, in astring akey ); parameters awindow the window in which to delete the value.
... nsidomnode duplicatetab( in nsidomwindow awindow, in nsidomnode atab ); parameters awindow the window in which the duplicated tab will be created.
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Using Objective-C from js-ctypes
speech synthesis example let's start with the following objective-c code, which invokes the speech synthesis api to say "hello, firefox!".
... class objc_getclass(const char *name); in /usr/include/objc/objc.h, class is defined as an opaque type by the following: typedef struct objc_class *class; in this example, we need the classnsspeechsynthesizer, which is retrieved with the following code: class nsspeechsynthesizer = objc_getclass("nsspeechsynthesizer"); registering a selector selectors can be registered and retrieved with sel_registername function, also declared in /usr/include/objc/runtime.h.
...this message can be sent using the objc_msgsend function, and its variants, which are declared in /usr/include/objc/message.h.
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Debugger.Memory - Firefox Developer Tools
debugger.memory the debugger api can help tools observe the debuggee’s memory use in various ways: it can mark each new object with the javascript call stack at which it was allocated.
... it can log all object allocations, yielding a stream of javascript call stacks at which allocations have occurred.
... allocation site tracking the javascript engine marks each new object with the call stack at which it was allocated, if: the object is allocated in the scope of a global object that is a debuggee of some debugger instancedbg; and dbg.memory.trackingallocationsites is set to true.
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AbstractRange - Web APIs
the abstractrange abstract interface is the base class upon which all dom range types are defined.
...to understand the difference between those two interfaces, and how to choose which is appropriate for your needs.
...<rect x="1" y="1" width="130" height="50" fill="#f4f7f8" stroke="#d4dde4" stroke-width="2px" /><text x="66" y="30" font-size="12px" font-family="consolas,monaco,andale mono,monospace" fill="#4d4e53" text-anchor="middle" alignment-baseline="middle">abstractrange</text></a></svg></div> a:hover text { fill: #0095dd; pointer-events: all;} properties collapsed read only a boolean value which is true if the range is collapsed.
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AudioBufferSourceNode - Web APIs
the audiobuffersourcenode interface is an audioscheduledsourcenode which represents an audio source consisting of in-memory audio data, stored in an audiobuffer.
... it's especially useful for playing back audio which has particularly stringent timing accuracy requirements, such as for sounds that must match a specific rhythm and can be kept in memory rather than being played from disk or the network.
... to play sounds which require accurate timing but must be streamed from the network or played from disk, use a audioworkletnode to implement its playback.
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Using images - Web APIs
for example, if you have a <video> element with the id "myvideo", you can do this: function getmyvideo() { var canvas = document.getelementbyid('canvas'); if (canvas.getcontext) { var ctx = canvas.getcontext('2d'); return document.getelementbyid('myvideo'); } } this returns the htmlvideoelement object for the video, which, as covered earlier, is one of the objects that can be used as a canvasimagesource.
...the drawimage() method places the backdrop at the coordinate (0, 0), which is the top-left corner of the canvas.
... drawimage(image, x, y, width, height) this adds the width and height parameters, which indicate the size to which to scale the image when drawing it onto the canvas.
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Introduction to the DOM - Web APIs
the dom is an object-oriented representation of the web page, which can be modified with a scripting language such as javascript.
... when you create a script–whether it's inline in a <script> element or included in the web page by means of a script loading instruction–you can immediately begin using the api for the document or window elements to manipulate the document itself or to get at the children of that document, which are the various elements in the web page.
... your dom programming may be something as simple as the following, which displays an alert message by using the alert() function from the window object, or it may use more sophisticated dom methods to actually create new content, as in the longer example below.
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HTMLInputElement - Web APIs
see also readonly autofocus boolean: returns / sets the element's autofocus attribute, which specifies that a form control should have input focus when the page loads, unless the user overrides it, for example by typing in a different control.
... height string: returns / sets the element's height attribute, which defines the height of the image displayed for the button, if the value of type is image.
... src string: returns / sets the element's src attribute, which specifies a uri for the location of an image to display on the graphical submit button, if the value of type is image; otherwise it is ignored.
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RTCConfiguration - Web APIs
it may be passed into the constructor when instantiating a connection, or used with the rtcpeerconnection.getconfiguration() and rtcpeerconnection.setconfiguration() methods, which allow inspecting and changing the configuration while a connection is established.
... certificates optional an array of objects of type rtccertificate which are used by the connection for authentication.
... icecandidatepoolsize optional an unsigned 16-bit integer value which specifies the size of the prefetched ice candidate pool.
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RTCPeerConnection.setRemoteDescription() - Web APIs
the method takes a single parameter—the session description—and it returns a promise which is fulfilled once the description has been changed, asynchronously.
... syntax apromise = rtcpeerconnection.setremotedescription(sessiondescription); parameters sessiondescription an rtcsessiondescriptioninit or rtcsessiondescription which specifies the remote peer's current offer or answer.
... return value a promise which is fulfilled once the value of the connection's remotedescription is successfully changed or rejected if the change cannot be applied (for example, if the specified description is incompatible with one or both of the peers on the connection).
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RTCRemoteOutboundRtpStreamStats.localId - Web APIs
the rtcremoteoutboundrtpstreamstats dictionary's localid property is a string which can be used to identify the rtcinboundrtpstreamstats object whose remoteid matches this value.
... syntax let localid = rtcremoteoutboundrtpstreamstats.localid; value a domstring which can be compared to the value of an rtcinboundrtpstreamstats object's remoteid property to see if the two represent statistics for each of the two sides of the same set of data received by the local peer.
... usage notes you can think of the local and remote views of the same rtp stream as pairs, each of which has a reference back to the other one.
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Streams API concepts - Web APIs
which underlying stream (and by extension, reader and controller) your code will use depends on how the stream was created in the first place (see the readablestream() constructor page).
... teeing even though only a single reader can read a stream at once, it is possible to split a stream into two identical copies, which can then be read by two separate readers.
... in javascript, this is achieved via the readablestream.tee() method — it outputs an array containing two identical copies of the original readable stream, which can then be read independently by two separate readers.
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WebGL best practices - Web APIs
after too many errors (32 in firefox), webgl stops generating descriptive messages, which really hinders debugging.
...these triangles are effectively skipped, which lets you start a new triangle strip unattached to your previous one, without having to split into multiple draw calls.
... shaders, programs, and glsl avoid "#ifdef gl_es", which is always true you should never use #ifdef gl_es in your webgl shaders; although some early examples used this, it's not necessary, since this condition is always true in webgl shaders.
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WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setInterval() - Web APIs
it returns an interval id which uniquely identifies the interval, so you can remove it later by calling clearinterval().
... code an optional syntax allows you to include a string instead of a function, which is compiled and executed every delay milliseconds.
... arg1, ..., argn optional additional arguments which are passed through to the function specified by func once the timer expires.
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WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setTimeout() - Web APIs
the settimeout() method of the windoworworkerglobalscope mixin (and successor to window.settimeout()) sets a timer which executes a function or specified piece of code once the timer expires.
... code an alternative syntax that allows you to include a string instead of a function, which is compiled and executed when the timer expires.
... arg1, ..., argn optional additional arguments which are passed through to the function specified by function.
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XRInputSource - Web APIs
the webxr device api's xrinputsource interface describes a single source of control input which is part of the user's webxr-compatible virtual or augmented reality system.
... the device is specific to the platform being used, but provides the direction in which it is being aimed and optionally may generate events if the user triggers performs actions using the device.
... gripspaceread only an xrspace whose origin tracks the pose which is used to render objects which should appear as if they're held in the hand indicated by handedness.
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CSS grids, logical values, and writing modes - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
i have added dir="rtl" to the html element, which switches the writing mode from the default for an english language document of ltr.
...which is why in grid layout we use the keyword start when aligning something to the start of the container.
...it is the direction in which you are reading this guide.
...And 7 more matches

background-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
using a width value only, in which case the height defaults to auto.
... using both a width and a height value, in which case the first sets the width and the second sets the height.
...rendering of <gradient>s in such cases changed in firefox 8, and at present is generally inconsistent across browsers, which do not all implement rendering in full accordance with the css3 background-size specification and with the css3 image values gradient specification.
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The HTML autocomplete attribute - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
if an <input>, <select> or <textarea> element has no autocomplete attribute, then browsers use the autocomplete attribute of the element's form owner, which is either the <form> element that the element is a descendant of, or the <form> whose id is specified by the form attribute of the element.
... "address-level4" the finest-grained administrative level, in addresses which have four levels.
...in countries with two administrative levels, this would typically be the city, town, village, or other locality in which the address is located.
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<input type="image"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
additional attributes in addition to the attributes shared by all <input> elements, image button inputs support the following attributes: attribute description alt alternate string to display when the image can't be shown formaction the url to which to submit the data formenctype the encoding method to use when submitting the form data formmethod the http method to use when submitting the form formnovalidate a boolean which, if present, indicates that the form shouldn't be validated before submission formtarget a string indicating a browsing context from where to load the results of submitting ...
...the form height the height, in css pixels, at which to draw the image src the url from which to load the image width the width, in css pixels, at which to draw the image alt the alt attribute provides an alternate string to use as the button's label if the image cannot be shown (due to error, a user agent that cannot or is configured not to show images, or if the user is using a screen reading device).
... formaction a string indicating the url to which to submit the data.
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<input type="month"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
ibutes common to <input> elements, month inputs offer the following attributes: attribute description list the id of the <datalist> element that contains the optional pre-defined autocomplete options max the latest year and month to accept as a valid input min the earliest year and month to accept as a valid input readonly a boolean which, if present, indicates that the input's value can't be edited step a stepping interval to use when incrementing and decrementing the value of the input field list the values of the list attribute is the id of a <datalist> element located in the same document.
... this value must be a year-month pairing which is earlier than or equal to the one specified by the max attribute.
... readonly a boolean attribute which, if present, means this field cannot be edited by the user.
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Global attributes - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
the attribute must take one of the following values: true or the empty string, which indicates that the element must be editable; false, which indicates that the element must not be editable.
...it can have the following values: ltr, which means left to right and is to be used for languages that are written from the left to the right (like english); rtl, which means right to left and is to be used for languages that are written from the right to the left (like arabic); auto, which lets the user agent decide.
...it can have the following values: true, which indicates that the element may be dragged false, which indicates that the element may not be dragged.
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MIME types (IANA media types) - HTTP
structure of a mime type the simplest mime type consists of a type and a subtype; these are each strings which, when concatenated with a slash (/) between them, comprise a mime type.
... no whitespace is allowed in a mime type: type/subtype the type represents the general category into which the data type falls, such as video or text.
...discrete types are types which represent a single file or medium, such as a single text or music file, or a single video.
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Content-Security-Policy - HTTP
directives fetch directives fetch directives control the locations from which certain resource types may be loaded.
... connect-src restricts the urls which can be loaded using script interfaces default-src serves as a fallback for the other fetch directives.
... document directives document directives govern the properties of a document or worker environment to which a policy applies.
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Critical rendering path - Web Performance
the html may request javascript, which may, in turn, alter the dom.
... the html includes or makes requests for styles, which in turn builds the css object model.
...some requests are blocking, which means the parsing of the rest of the html is halted until the imported asset is handled.
...And 7 more matches

/loader - Archive of obsolete content
provide an environment for loading commonjs style modules, which makes it possible to consume lots of interesting code that has already been developed.
...while reuse may sound like a compelling idea it comes with the side effect of shared state, which can cause problems.
... the function returns a string representing the resolved module id, which is then resolved to its location url using the mapping provided in the paths option.
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Creating custom Firefox extensions with the Mozilla build system - Archive of obsolete content
in addition, binary components need to be recompiled for every major firefox release, which can be frustrating.
...in particular, the initial step involves building mozilla, which is a huge - nay, gargantuan!
...these can be idl files describing xpcom interfaces, which are used to generate normal c++ header files for inclusion in your source files.
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Creating a Help Content Pack - Archive of obsolete content
you can create a content packs which inherit from existing mozilla help content packs.
... nc:base contains the base url relative to which the help content referenced in the descriptor file is located.
...the glossary and index data sources will be hidden - information found only in them will not be displayed unless the user conducts a search of the help pack that would return glossary or index results.xxx this sentence is ugly - a little rewording help here would be nice a data source description is pretty much the same no matter which type you're defining, and the syntax is pretty simple.
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Panels - Archive of obsolete content
a panel is a popup which can support any type of content.
...you can also place a close button in the panel which will close the panel with a script if desired.
... only buttons (and toolbarbuttons) have this automatic behaviour which opens the popup when pressed.
...And 6 more matches

Adding Methods to XBL-defined Elements - Archive of obsolete content
the method element contains two type of child elements, parameter elements which describe the parameters to the method and body which contains the script for the method.
...you do not need to have any though, in which case the method would take no parameters.
... methods are only available to call after the page is rendered, which may cause problems if using createelement.
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Box Objects - Archive of obsolete content
« previousnext » this section describes the box object, which holds display and layout related information about a xul box as well as some details about xul layout.
...however, xul provides some helper objects, called box objects, which can provide some layout related information.
...the others have functions which are more easily accessible by methods mapped directly onto the element, since those types are generally only used with one particular element.
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Install Scripts - Archive of obsolete content
the script will contain javascript code which calls a number of install functions.
...that means that you can call the methods of the window object with the qualifier before it, which means that window.open() can simply be written open().
... in an install script, there is no associated window, however the global object will be an install object which contains a number of functions to customize the install process.
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XUL Structure - Archive of obsolete content
however, there are some features that are specific to html, such as forms, and others which are specific to xul, such as overlays.
...the extension will hook into the browser using a xul specific feature called an overlay which allows the xul from the extension to mesh with the xul in the browser.
... the next few sections describe the basic structure of a chrome package which can be installed into mozilla.
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button - Archive of obsolete content
this means that the button acts like a checkbox except that there is a third state which must be set manually by adjusting the check state.
...for example, for a menuitem in a menu you can add the following css rule when you want to use the value none: menupopup > menuitem, menupopup > menu { max-width: none; } dir type: one of the values below the direction in which the child elements of the element are placed.
...this is reverse of the order in which they appear in the xul code.
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scale - Archive of obsolete content
the default value is horizontal which displays a horizontal scale.
...increment, max, min, movetoclick, pageincrement, tabindex, value properties disabled, max, min, increment, pageincrement, tabindex, value, methods decrease, decreasepage, increase, increasepage, examples horizontal scale: <scale min="1" max="10"/> vertical scale: <scale min="1" max="10" orient="vertical"/> attributes dir type: one of the values below the direction in which the child elements of the element are placed.
...this is reverse of the order in which they appear in the xul code.
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Creating XULRunner Apps with the Mozilla Build System - Archive of obsolete content
you can find out more about which options to use in configuring build options.
...contains the names of the subdirectories that need to be built, which at very least will include chrome and app.
... build.mk - maybe you thought that the --enable-application option told mozilla which directory your app is located in.
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Table Reflow Internals - Archive of obsolete content
review of reflow reflow starts with pres shell which reflows the reflow root (usually the viewport frame), which reflows it children, etc.
... review of reflow the reflowee sets various sizes in the reflow metrics after (possibly) reflowing some or all of its children which reflows it children, etc.
... the reflowee returns a reflow status which indicates if it is complete, and thus not have to continue (split) breaking status (in the case of some inline frames) if there is truncation (it can't fit in the space and can't split).
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Building a Theme - Archive of obsolete content
introduction this tutorial will take you through the steps required to build a very basic theme - one which updates the background color of the toolbars in firefox.
...it's especially important to install the dom inspector, which we'll be using in later steps.
... when writing a theme, the easiest way to determine what css selectors you need to write is to use the dom inspector which you should have installed in the setup step.
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Using workers in extensions - Archive of obsolete content
how this differs from previous versions this version of the stock ticker extension moves the xmlhttprequest call that fetches updated stock information into a worker thread, which then passes that information back to the main body of the extension's code to update the display in the status bar.
... then it sets the worker's onmessage event handler to a function which looks at the event passed into it, and does one of two things: if there is a data field on the event, the stock symbol being tracked is set to the upper case version of that value.
... this is used to initialize the worker, and to change which stock is being monitored.
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Using the Right Markup to Invoke Plugins - Archive of obsolete content
additional param elements (which are "children" of the above object element) specify configuration parameters for the flash plugin.
...mozilla-based browsers support the netscape plugin architecture, which is not com based like activex (and thus, not invoked via a unique identifier) but rather, mime type based.
...in fact, the above usage will also work for ie, which understands mime type invocations for certain mime types such as flashin addition to activex-style classid invocations.
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Building up a basic demo with Three.js - Game development
there are two helper variables already included, which store the window's width and height.
... renderer a renderer is a tool which displays scenes right in your browser.
...imagine a normal camera view, versus a fish eye effect, which allows a lot more to be seen.
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CSS selectors - Learn web development
it is a pattern of elements and other terms that tell the browser which html elements should be selected to have the css property values inside the rule applied to them.
... the element or elements which are selected by the selector are referred to as the subject of the selector.
...the majority of selectors that you will come across are defined in the level 3 selectors specification, which is a mature specification, therefore you will find excellent browser support for these selectors.
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Grids - Learn web development
a grid is a collection of horizontal and vertical lines creating a pattern against which we can line up our design elements.
...you will see an example with a container, which has some child items.
...the first value passed to the repeat function is how many times you want the listing to repeat, while the second value is a track listing, which may be one or more tracks that you want to repeat.
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Positioning - Learn web development
you need to use the top, bottom, left, and right properties, which we'll explain in the next section.
... positioning contexts which element is the "containing element" of an absolutely positioned element?
...we can change the positioning context — which element the absolutely positioned element is positioned relative to.
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Practical positioning examples - Learn web development
you might be thinking "why not just create the separate tabs as separate webpages, and just have the tabs clicking through to the separate pages to create the effect?" this code would be simpler, yes, but then each separate "page" view would actually be a newly-loaded webpage, which would make it harder to save information across views, and integrate this feature into a larger ui design.
...and now an ordered list: how exciting!</p> <ol> <li>dui neque eleifend lorem, a auctor libero turpis at sem.</li> <li>aliquam ut porttitor urna.</li> <li>nulla facilisi</li> </ol> </article> </div> </section> so here we've got a <section> element with a class of info-box, which contains a <ul> and a <div>.
... the unordered list contains three list items with links inside, which will become the actual tabs to click on for displaying our content panels.
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Responsive design - Learn web development
historic website layouts at one point in history you had two options when designing a website: you could create a liquid site, which would stretch to fill the browser window or a fixed width site, which would be a fixed size in pixels.
... zoe mickley gillenwater was instrumental in her work to describe and formalize the different ways in which flexible sites could be created, attempting to find a happy medium between filling the screen or being completely fixed in size.
... the first was the idea of fluid grids, something which was already being explored by gillenwater, and can be read up on in marcotte's article, fluid grids (published in 2009 on a list apart).
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Getting started with CSS - Learn web development
this happens because browsers have internal stylesheets containing default styles, which they apply to all pages by default; without them all of the text would run together in a clump and we would have to style everything from scratch.
... the list-style-type property is a good property to look at on mdn to see which values are supported.
...to select only an <em> that is nested inside an <li> element i can use a selector called the descendant combinator, which simply takes the form of a space between two other selectors.
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Advanced form styling - Learn web development
<input type="color"> date-related controls such as <input type="datetime-local"> <input type="range"> <input type="file"> <progress> and <meter> let's first talk about the appearance property, which is pretty useful for making all of the above more stylable.
... appearance: controlling os-level styling in the previous article we said that historically, styling of web form controls was largely taken from the underlying operating system, which is part of the problem with customizing the look of these controls.
... in most cases, the effect is to remove the stylized border, which makes css styling a bit easier, but isn't really essential.
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UI pseudo-classes - Learn web development
<input>, <select>, and <textarea> elements have a required attribute available which, when set, means that you have to fill in that control before the form will successfully submit.
...for a start, we are signalling required versus optional status using color alone, which isn't great for colorblind people.
... in the next section, we'll look at a better example of indicating required fields using :required, which also digs into using generated content.
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HTML basics - Learn web development
html consists of a series of elements, which you use to enclose, or wrap, different parts of the content to make it appear a certain way, or act a certain way.
... the content: this is the content of the element, which in this case, is just text.
...if we wanted to state that our cat is very grumpy, we could wrap the word "very" in a <strong> element, which means that the word is to be strongly emphasized: <p>my cat is <strong>very</strong> grumpy.</p> you do however need to make sure that your elements are properly nested.
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Tips for authoring fast-loading HTML pages - Learn web development
this can be crucial for high volume sites or sites which have a spike in traffic due to unusual circumstances such as breaking news stories.
... optimizing page load performance is not just for content which will be viewed by narrowband dial-up or mobile device visitors.
... so, in particular, for pages which are generated dynamically, a little research on this subject is beneficial.
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HTML table basics - Learn web development
tables are very commonly used in human society, and have been for a long time, as evidenced by this us census document from 1800: it is therefore no wonder that the creators of html provided a means by which to structure and present tabular data on the web.
... the smallest container inside a table is a table cell, which is created by a <td> element ('td' stands for 'table data').
... tables headers also have an added benefit — along with the scope attribute (which we'll learn about in the next article), they allow you to make tables more accessible by associating each header with all the data in the same row or column.
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A first splash into JavaScript - Learn web development
the first three constants are each made to store a reference to the results paragraphs in our html, and are used to insert values into the paragraphs later on in the code (note how they are inside a <div> element, which is itself used to select all three later on for resetting, when we restart the game): <div class="resultparas"> <p class="guesses"></p> <p class="lastresult"></p> <p class="loworhi"></p> </div> the next two constants store references to the form text input and submit button and are used to control submitting the guess later on.
...if it is, the player has guessed correctly and the game is won, so we show the player a congratulations message with a nice green color, clear the contents of the low/high guess information box, and run a function called setgameover(), which we'll discuss later.
...— in response to which we can run blocks of code.
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Client-Server Overview - Learn web development
this discussion is however still very relevant, because the described behaviour must be implemented by your server-side code, irrespective of which programming language or web framework you select.
...post requests add new resources, the data for which is encoded within the request body.
...the first part is called the header, and contains useful information about the request, in the same way that an html head contains useful information about an html document (but not the actual content itself, which is in the body): get https://developer.mozilla.org/search?q=client+server+overview&topic=apps&topic=html&topic=css&topic=js&topic=api&topic=webdev http/1.1 host: developer.mozilla.org connection: keep-alive pragma: no-cache cache-control: no-cache upgrade-insecure-requests: 1 user-agent: mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 10.0; wow64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/52.0.2743.116 safari/537.3...
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Getting started with Ember - Learn web development
for example, the router (which will be mentioned later in this tutorial) is a service.
... ember with add-ons emberjs has a plugin architecture, which means that add-ons can be installed and provide additional functionality without much, if any, configuration.
... ember makes use of two main syntaxes: javascript (or optionally, typescript) ember's own templating language, which is loosely based on handlebars.
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Framework main features - Learn web development
jsx jsx, which stands for javascript and xml, is an extension of javascript that brings html-like syntax to a javascript environment.
...for instance, consider a function add(), which takes integers a and b and returns their sum.
...to render this component, we would write code like this in the place where we want it rendered (which will probably be inside another component): <authorcredit src="./assets/zelda.png" alt="portrait of zelda schiff" byline="zelda schiff is editor-in-chief of the library times." /> this will ultimately render the following <figure> element in the browser, with its structure as defined in the authorcredit component, and its content as defined in the props included on the authorcredit compon...
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Vue conditional rendering: editing existing todos - Learn web development
result: onsubmit() method is invoked, which checks that the new label is not empty, then emits the todo-added event (which is then listened for inside app.vue, see above), and finally clears the new label <input>.
... result: checkbox-changed event emitted when the checkbox is checked/unchecked (which is then listened for inside app.vue; see above).
... result: toggletoitemeditform() method is invoked, which toggles this.isediting to true, which in turn displays the todo item's edit form on re-render.
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Getting started with Vue - Learn web development
this allows you to create markup managed entirely by vue, which can improve developer experience and performance when dealing with complex applications.
...this allows you to start using vue on existing sites, which is why vue prides itself on being a progressive framework.
... the first menu you’ll be presented with allows you to choose which features you want to include in your project.
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Deploying our app - Learn web development
this is the strategy of breaking a browser's own caching mechanism, which forces the browser to download a new copy of your code.
... netlify, amongst other things, also allows you to run pre-deployment tasks, which in our case means that all the production code build processes can be performed inside of netlify and if the build is successful, the website changes will be deployed.
... the newly-created production code is placed in a new directory called dist, which contains all the files required to run the website, ready for you to upload to a server.
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Eclipse CDT
more importantly, unless you're willing to screw up eclipse's code assistance (in which case why bother using eclipse) you're going to have to set eclipse's "build" step to do a very slow, non-parallel, full rebuild.
... gdb unexpectedly detaching if gdb starts ignoring your breakpoints, or unexpectedly terminates or detaches from the firefox process, this may be caused by out of date breakpoints (breakpoints that you set during a previous debug session, after which you've since rebuilt).
...this define is in nsdomclassinfoid.h, which is included via the following include chain: content/svg/content/src/nssvgellipseelement.cpp content/svg/content/src/nssvgpathgeometryelement.h content/svg/content/src/nssvggraphicelement.h content/svg/content/src/nssvgstylableelement.h content/svg/content/src/nssvgelement.h content/base/src/nsgenericelement.h obj-debug/dist/include/nsdomclassinfoid.h in nsdomclassinfoid.h...
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Getting Started with Chat
software there are several different applications which allow you to connect to irc networks.
... web-based clients there are also a few web-based clients which allow connecting to irc by clicking on irc:// links.
... nickserv this bot allows you to register your nickname which prevents other users from using it.
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Investigating leaks using DMD heap scan mode
you need the cycle collector analysis script find_roots.py, which can be downloaded as part of this repo on github.
...a garbage collector log will also be created, which you may not need.
... moz_disable_content_sandbox=t: this disables the content process sandbox, which is needed because the dmd and cc log files are created directly by the child processes.
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Rhino Debugger
the debugger is itself a java program which you may run as java org.mozilla.javascript.tools.debugger.main [options] [filename.js] [script-arguments] where the options are the same as the shell.
... console window the debugger redirects the system.out, system.in, and system.err streams to an internal javascript console window which provides an editable command line for you to enter javascript code and view system output.
... moving up and down the stack the lower-left (dockable) pane in the debugger main window contains a combo-box labeled "context:" which displays the current stack of the executing script.
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SpiderMonkey Internals
compiler the compiler consumes javascript source code and produces a script which contains bytecode, source annotations, and a pool of string, number, and identifier literals.
... the script also contains objects, including any functions defined in the source code, each of which has its own, nested script.
... the decompiler implements function.tosource(), which reconstructs a function's source code.
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Animated PNG graphics
the canvas is the area on the output device on which the frames are to be displayed.
...a decoder which detects an error before the animation has started should display the default image.
... subsequent frames are encoded in 'fdat' chunks, which have the same structure as 'idat' chunks, except preceded by a sequence number.
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Using XPCOM Components
the functionality of the cookiemanager component is available through the nsicookiemanager interface, which is comprised of the public methods in the table below.
... xpconnect is what binds the application code to the user interface of the mozilla browser, to other gecko-based xul, and to javascript environments like xpcshell, which is a command-line javascript interpreter and xpcom tool is built with mozilla.
...scriptability, this ability to get and use xpcom components from javascript and other languages for which xpconnect bindings have been created, is a core feature of xpcom.
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nsIAccessibleText
void getcharacterextents( in long offset, out long x, out long y, out long width, out long height, in unsigned long coordtype ); parameters offset index of the character for which to return its bounding box.
...long getoffsetatpoint( in long x, in long y, in unsigned long coordtype ); parameters x the position's x value for which to look up the index of the character that is rendered on to the display at that point.
... y the position's y value for which to look up the index of the character that is rendered on to the display at that point.
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nsIDragService
it's not used on gtk, which handles the drag popup itself.
... [noscript] void dragmoved( in long ax, in long ay ); parameters ax the x coordinate to which to move the popup being dragged.
... ay the y coordinate to which to move the popup being dragged.
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nsILoginManager
toolkit/components/passwordmgr/public/nsiloginmanager.idlscriptable used to interface with the built-in password manager 1.0 66 introduced gecko 1.9 inherits from: nsisupports last changed in gecko 1.9.2 (firefox 3.6 / thunderbird 3.1 / fennec 1.0) replaces nsipasswordmanager which was used in older versions of gecko.
... note: this method is provided for use only by the formfillcontroller, which calls it directly.
...called when only the number of logins is needed, and not the actual logins (which avoids prompting the user for a master password, as the logins don't need to be decrypted).
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nsINavBookmarkObserver
aparentid the id of the folder to which the item was added.
... aproperty the property which changed.
... "dateadded" the prtime at which the item was first added to the database.
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nsIXULTemplateBuilder
different template builders may be specialized in the manner in which they generate and display the resulting content from the template.
...due to this, the query processor will be supplied with the datasource and query which the template builder handles in an opaque way, while the query processor handles these more specifically.
... results implement the nsixultemplateresult interface and may be identified by an id which must be unique within a given set of query results.
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Standard OS Libraries
components.utils.import("resource://gre/modules/ctypes.jsm"); var lib = ctypes.open("user32.dll"); /* note: if you go to getcursorpos page on msdn, it says first argument is of structure point, so lets create that structure, * the link here shows that that x and y are type long which is ctypes.long */ // https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd162805%28v=vs.85%29.aspx var point = new ctypes.structtype("tagpoint", [ { "x": ctypes.long }, { "y": ctypes.long } ]); /* declare the signature of the function we are going to call */ var getcursorpos = lib.declare('getcursorpos', ctypes.winapi_abi, ctypes.bool, point.ptr ); /* use it like this */ ...
...on top of which everybody uses "window managers" (known as "wm"s) such as fluxbox, i3, awesome, openbox, mutter (used by gnome 3), plasma (used by kde) etc.
...attempting to install firefox on a a non-gtk+ based linux build such as kaosx, which is qt based (details on kaosx at the time of this writing: kdelibs version 4.1.4.3, qt version 4.8.6, 64bit) would install gtk+ libraries along with it in order to enable firefox to work on the qt system.
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URLs - Plugins
for http urls, the browser resolves npn_geturl as the http server method get, which requests url objects.
...the url parameter is the url of the request, which can be of any type, including http, ftp, news, or mailto.
...the browser notifies the plug-in by calling the plug-in's npp_urlnotify function and passing it the notifydata value, which may be used to track multiple requests.
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Using the CSS Typed Object Model - Web APIs
let's see how this works by creating our first example, which explores computedstylemap().
... we start with some html: a paragraph with a link, as well as a definition list to which we will add all the css property / value pairs.
... const cssproperty = document.createelement('dt'); cssproperty.appendchild(document.createtextnode(prop)); styleslist.appendchild(cssproperty); // values const cssvalue = document.createelement('dd'); cssvalue.appendchild(document.createtextnode(val)); styleslist.appendchild(cssvalue); } the computedstylemap() method returns a stylepropertymapreadonly object containing the size property, which indicates how many properties are in the map.
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FileSystemDirectoryReader.readEntries() - Web APIs
generally, they are either filesystemfileentry objects, which represent standard files, or filesystemdirectoryentry objects, which represent directories.
... syntax readentries(successcallback[, errorcallback]); parameters successcallback a function which is called when the directory's contents have been retrieved.
...generally, they are either filesystemfileentry objects, which represent standard files, or filesystemdirectoryentry objects, which represent directories.
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Fullscreen API - Web APIs
returns a promise which is resolved once full-screen mode has been completely shut off.
...returns a promise which is resolved once full-screen mode has been activated.
... properties the document interface provides properties that can be used to determine if full-screen mode is supported and available, and if full-screen mode is currently active, which element is using the screen.
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RTCIceCandidate - Web APIs
the rtcicecandidate interface—part of the webrtc api—represents a candidate internet connectivity establishment (ice) configuration which may be used to establish an rtcpeerconnection.
...when starting a webrtc peer connection, typically a number of candidates are proposed by each end of the connection, until they mutually agree upon one which describes the connection they decide will be best.
... component read only a domstring which indicates whether the candidate is an rtp or an rtcp candidate; its value is either "rtp" or "rtcp", and is derived from the "component-id" field in the candidate a-line string.
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RTCInboundRtpStreamStats - Web APIs
bytesreceived a 64-bit integer which indicats the total numer of bytes that have been received so far for this media source.
... fecpacketsdiscarded an integer value indicating the number of rtp forward error correction (fec) packets which have been received for this source, for which the error correction payload was discarded.
... fircount an integer value which indicates the total number of full intra request (fir) packets which this receiver has sent to the sender.
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RTCPeerConnection.addTrack() - Web APIs
the rtcpeerconnection method addtrack() adds a new media track to the set of tracks which will be transmitted to the other peer.
...optional one or more local mediastream objects to which the track should be added.
... return value the rtcrtpsender object which will be used to transmit the media data.
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RTCPeerConnection.setLocalDescription() - Web APIs
the method takes a single parameter—the session description—and it returns a promise which is fulfilled once the description has been changed, asynchronously.
... syntax apromise = rtcpeerconnection.setlocaldescription(sessiondescription); pc.setlocaldescription(sessiondescription, successcallback, errorcallback); parameters sessiondescription optional an rtcsessiondescriptioninit or rtcsessiondescription which specifies the configuration to be applied to the local end of the connection.
...otherwise, setlocaldescription() creates an answer, which becomes the new local description.
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Screen Capture API - Web APIs
to start capturing video from the screen, you call getdisplaymedia() on the instance of media navigator.mediadevices: capturestream = await navigator.mediadevices.getdisplaymedia(displaymediaoptions); the promise returned by getdisplaymedia() resolves to a mediastream which streams the captured media.
... mediatrackconstraints.logicalsurface indicates whether or not the video in the stream represents a logical display surface (that is, one which may not be entirely visible onscreen, or may be completely offscreen).
... mediatracksettings mediatracksettings.cursor a string which indicates whether or not the display surface currently being captured includes the mouse cursor, and if so, whether it's only visible while the mouse is in motion or if it's always visible.
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StaticRange - Web APIs
the dom staticrange interface extends abstractrange to provide a method to specify a range of content in the dom whose contents don't update to reflect changes which occur within the dom tree.
... staticrange.collapsed read only returns a boolean value which is true if the range's start and end positions are the same, resulting in a range of length 0.
... staticrange.endcontainer read only returns the dom node which contains the ending point of the range.
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Web Audio API best practices - Web APIs
loading sounds/files there are four main ways to load sound with the web audio api and it can be a little confusing as to which one you should use.
...you have to request the file and wait for it to load (this section of our advanced article shows a good way to do it), but then you have access to the data directly, which means more precision, and more precise manipulation.
... the last way is to generate your own sound, which can be done with either an oscillatornode or by creating a buffer and populating it with your own data.
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Migrating from webkitAudioContext - Web APIs
new engines implementing the web audio spec (such as gecko) will only implement the official, final version of the specification, which means that code using webkitaudiocontext or old naming conventions in the web audio specification may not immediately work out of the box in a compliant web audio implementation.
... this article attempts to summarize the areas where developers are likely to encounter these problems and provide examples on how to port such code to standards based audiocontext, which will work across different browser engines.
... note: there is a library called webkitaudiocontext monkeypatch, which automatically fixes some of these changes to make most code targetting webkitaudiocontext to work on the standards based audiocontext out of the box, but it currently doesn't handle all of the cases below.
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Using the Web Audio API - Web APIs
audio graphs everything within the web audio api is based around the concept of an audio graph, which is made up of nodes.
...basic audio operations are performed with audio nodes, which are linked together to form an audio routing graph.
... you have input nodes, which are the source of the sounds you are manipulating, modification nodes that change those sounds as desired, and output nodes (destinations), which allow you to save or hear those sounds.
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Using the Web Speech API - Web APIs
the web speech api provides two distinct areas of functionality — speech recognition, and speech synthesis (also known as text to speech, or tts) — which open up interesting new possibilities for accessibility, and control mechanisms.
... speech recognition speech recognition involves receiving speech through a device's microphone, which is then checked by a speech recognition service against a list of grammar (basically, the vocabulary you want to have recognised in a particular app.) when a word or phrase is successfully recognised, it is returned as a result (or list of results) as a text string, and further actions can be initiated as a result.
...we simply have a title, instructions paragraph, and a div into which we output diagnostic messages.
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XRWebGLLayer.getNativeFramebufferScaleFactor() static method - Web APIs
the static method xrwebgllayer.getnativeframebufferscalefactor() returns a floating-point scaling factor by which one can multiply the specified xrsession's resolution to get the native resolution of the webxr device's frame buffer.
...this can happen for display environments which use superscaling or anti-aliasing techniques to improve perceived image quality.
... syntax let nativescaling = xrwebgllayer.getnativeframebufferscalefactor(session); parameters session the xrsession for which to return the native framebuffer scaling factor.
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ARIA live regions - Accessibility
using javascript, it is possible to dynamically change parts of a page without requiring the entire page to reload — for instance, to update a list of search results on the fly, or to display a discreet alert or notification which does not require user interaction.
... simple live regions dynamic content which updates without a page reload is generally either a region or a widget.
... simple content changes which are not interactive should be marked as live regions.
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ARIA: listbox role - Accessibility
the listbox role is used for lists from which a user may select one or more items which are static and, unlike html <select> elements, may contain images.
... description the listbox role is used to identify an element that creates a list from which a user may select one or more static items, similar to the html <select> element.
... aria-owns this is a space-separated list of element ids which are not dom child elements of the listbox.
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Web Accessibility: Understanding Colors and Luminance - Accessibility
for the purposes of this document, we'll use terminlogy as it is defined in the w3c, in the css color module level 3 when working with color, it's important to know which "color space" you are working in, as different color spaces map to different measurement systems.
... here is the definition of relative luminance as defined by the w3c: "the relative brightness of any point in a colorspace, normalized to 0 for darkest black and 1 for lightest white" this statement is of course accurate, but may be confusing when used in reference to the rgb color space, which is an integer between 0 and 255.
... an interesting study by nasa on the color blue, for example, noted that this color, which has low luminance, can be made legible if "care was taken to acheive adequate luminance contrast" (from the article, designing with blue) wcag 2.1 defines relative luminance as follows (as of july 2019): for the srgb colorspace, the relative luminance of a color is defined as l = 0.2126 * r + 0.7152 * g+ 0.0722 * b where r, g and b are defined as: if rsrgb <= 0.03928 then r = rsrgb/12.92...
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Coordinate systems - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
offset coordinates specified using the "offset" model use the top-left corner of the element being examined, or on which an event has occurred.
... for example, when a mouse event occurs, the position of the mouse as specified in the event's offsetx and offsety properties are given relative to the top-left corner of the node to which the event has been delivered.
... client the "client" coordinate system uses as its origin the top-left corner of the viewport or browsing context in which the event occurred.
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CSS Box Alignment - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
there are also some key concepts which are common to all layout methods.
...this ensures that alignment works in the same way whichever writing mode the document has.
...the inline axis is the axis along which words in a sentence flow in the writing mode being used — for english, for example, the inline axis is horizontal.
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Using feature queries - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
syntax css feature queries are part of the css conditional rules module, which also contains the media query @media rule; when you use feature queries, you will find they behave in a similar way to media queries.
... the difference is that with a media query you are testing something about the environment in which the web page is running, whereas with feature queries you are testing browser support for css features.
...it doesn't matter which value you use in a lot of cases: if all you want is to check that the browser supports this property, then any valid value will do.
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Aligning Items in a Flex Container - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
to center our box we use the align-items property to align our item on the cross axis, which in this case is the block axis running vertically.
... we use justify-content to align the item on the main axis, which in this case the inline axis running horizontally.
...the align-self property accepts all of the same values as align-items plus a value of auto, which will reset the value to that which is defined on the flex container.
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Block and inline layout in normal flow - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
normal flow is defined in the css 2.1 specification, which explains that any boxes in normal flow will be part of a formatting context.
... the behaviour of elements which have a block or inline formatting context is also defined in this specification.
...we see this with a very simple layout of two paragraphs, to which i have added a border.
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Video player styling basics - Developer guides
this has now been changed to use a data-state attribute, which this code already uses to handle its fullscreen implementation.
... this "data-state" idea is also used for setting the current state of buttons within the video control set, which allows specific state styling.
... basic styling the html video and its controls are all contained within a <figure> element, which is given a maximum width and height (based on the dimensions of the video used) and centered within the page: figure { max-width:64rem; width:100%; max-height:30.875rem; height:100%; margin:1.25rem auto; padding:1.051%; background-color:#666; } the video controls container itself also needs some styling so that it is set up the correct way: .controls { width:100%; he...
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<audio>: The Embed Audio element - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
if the audio's metadata isn't available yet—thereby preventing you from knowing the media's start time or duration—currenttime instead indicates, and can be used to change, the time at which playback will begin.
... duration read only a double-precision floating-point value which indicates the duration (total length) of the audio in seconds, on the media's timeline.
... styling with css the <audio> element has no intrinsic visual output of its own unless the controls attribute is specified, in which case the browser's default controls are shown.
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<input type="search"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
readonly a boolean attribute which, if present, means this field cannot be edited by the user.
... autocorrect a safari extension, the autocorrect attribute is a string which indicates whether or not to activate automatic correction while the user is editing this field.
... incremental the boolean attribute incremental is a webkit and blink extension (so supported by safari, opera, chrome, etc.) which, if present, tells the user agent to process the input as a live search.
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<input type="text"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
readonly a boolean attribute which, if present, means this field cannot be edited by the user.
... spellcheck spellcheck is a global attribute which is used to indicate whether or not to enable spell checking for an element.
... autocorrect a safari extension, the autocorrect attribute is a string which indicates whether or not to activate automatic correction while the user is editing this field.
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<input type="week"> - HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
you can set a default value for the input by including a value inside the value attribute, like so: <label for="week">what week would you like to start?</label> <input id="week" type="week" name="week" value="2017-w01"> one thing to note is that the displayed format may differ from the actual value, which is always formatted yyyy-www.
....queryselector('input[type="week"]'); weekcontrol.value = '2017-w45'; additional attributes in addition to the attributes common to <input> elements, week inputs offer the following attributes: attribute description max the latest year and week to accept as valid input min the earliest year and week to accept as valid input readonly a boolean which, if present, indicates that the user cannot edit the field's contents step the stepping interval (the distance between allowed values) to use for both user interface and constraint validation max the latest (time-wise) year and week number, in the string format discussed in the value section above, to accept.
... readonly a boolean attribute which, if present, means this field cannot be edited by the user.
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Choosing between www and non-www URLs - HTTP
the choice of which one to have as your canonical location is yours, but if you choose one, stick with it.
...this includes always linking to the chosen domain (which shouldn't be hard if you're using relative urls in your website) and always sharing links (by email/social networks, etc.) to the same domain.
...what is important is that you are coherent and consistent with which one is the official domain.
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Content Security Policy (CSP) - HTTP
csp makes it possible for server administrators to reduce or eliminate the vectors by which xss can occur by specifying the domains that the browser should consider to be valid sources of executable scripts.
... mitigating packet sniffing attacks in addition to restricting the domains from which content can be loaded, the server can specify which protocols are allowed to be used; for example (and ideally, from a security standpoint), a server can specify that all content must be loaded using https.
... writing a policy a policy is described using a series of policy directives, each of which describes the policy for a certain resource type or policy area.
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Functions - JavaScript
can be omitted, in which case the function becomes known as an anonymous function.
...statements involving functions which do not start with function are function expressions.
...can be omitted, in which case the function becomes known as an anonymous function.
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Performance fundamentals - Web Performance
framerate framerate is the rate at which the system changes pixels displayed to the user.
...an ideal system would maintain 100% of user state at all times: all applications in the system would run simultaneously, and all applications would retain the state created by the user the last time the user interacted with the application (application state is stored in computer memory, which is why the approximation is close).
...high-level declarative languages), or use low-level imperative interfaces offered by the <canvas> element (which includes webgl).
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xlink:href - SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics
value <iri> default value none animatable no animate, animatecolor, animatemotion, animatetransform, set for <animate>, <animatecolor>, <animatemotion>, <animatetransform>, and <set>, xlink:href defines the reference to the element which is the target of this animation and which therefore will be modified over time.
... the value must point to exactly one target element which is capable of being the target of the given animation.
... value <iri> default value none animatable no cursor for <cursor>, xlink:href defines the reference to the file or element which provides the image of the cursor.
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Using custom elements - Web Components
optionally, an options object containing an extends property, which specifies the built-in element your element inherits from, if any (only relevant to customized built-in elements; see the definition below).
...it is possible to define specific lifecycle callbacks inside the class, which run at specific points in the element's lifecycle.
...to create one of these, you have to specify which element they extend (as implied in the examples above), and they are used by writing out the basic element but specifying the name of the custom element in the is attribute (or property).
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An Overview - XSLT: Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations
unlike css, which has its own specialized syntax, an xslt stylesheet is an xml document, which must conform to all xml rules, including well-formedness.
...before transformation can take place, the primary xml document(s) and the stylesheet document(s) must be run through a parser, which creates an abstract representation of the structure of the document in memory.
...the tree is an abstract datatype, a conceptual model which can be implemented in various ways depending on the parser and the processor.
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Content Scripts - Archive of obsolete content
context-menu: use a content script to interact with the page in which the menu is invoked.
...n add-on that tries to add a click handler by assignment to window.onclick: var myscript = "window.onclick = function() {" + " console.log('unsafewindow.onclick: ' + window.document.title);" + "}"; require("sdk/page-mod").pagemod({ include: "*", contentscript: myscript, contentscriptwhen: "start" }); this will work fine on most pages, but will fail on pages which also assign to onclick: <html> <head> </head> <body> <script> window.onclick = function() { window.alert("it's my click now!"); } </script> </body> </html> for these reasons, it's better to add event listeners using addeventlistener(), defining the listener as a function: var themessage = "hello from content script!"; anelement.onclick = function() { alert(them...
...so to emit a message from a content script: self.port.emit("mycontentscriptmessage", mycontentscriptmessagepayload); to receive a message from the add-on code: self.port.on("myaddonmessage", function(myaddonmessagepayload) { // handle the message }); note that the global self object is completely different from the self module, which provides an api for an add-on to access its data files and id.
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Testing the Add-on SDK - Archive of obsolete content
with cfx cfx tests use the deprecated sdk/loader/cuddlefish, which is being replaced by toolkit/loader.
... with cfx (which is part of the addon-sdk repo), we can run the first test suite which was produced for the add-on sdk.
... this includes: cfx testcfx: a suite of python tests which test cfx itself (which is written in python).
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page-mod - Archive of obsolete content
contentscriptwhen controls the point during document load at which content scripts are attached.
... exclude has the same syntax as include, but specifies the urls to which content scripts should not be attached, even if they match include: so it's a way of excluding a subset of the urls that include specifies.
... mapping workers to tabs the worker has a tab property which returns the tab associated with this worker.
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dev/panel - Archive of obsolete content
with the dev/panel module, you can create your own panels in the toolbox: the panel gets a tab in the toolbox toolbar which enables the user to open it: you specify the panel's content and behavior using html, css, and javascript.
...the setup method will be passed a debuggee object, which is a messageport that the add-on can use to exchange messages with the debugger server.
... for example, here's a main.js which sends the listtabs message to the debugger server, and logs the response: // main.js // require the sdk modules const { panel } = require("dev/panel"); const { tool } = require("dev/toolbox"); const { class } = require("sdk/core/heritage"); const mypanel = class({ extends: panel, label: "my panel", tooltip: "my new devtool's panel", icon: "./my-icon.png", url: "./my-panel.html", setup: function(options) { this.debuggee = options.debuggee; this.debuggee.start(); this.debuggee.onmessage = function(event) { console.log(event.data); } this.debuggee.postmessage({ "to":"root", "type":"listtabs" }); } }); // export the constructor exports.mypanel = mypanel; // create a new tool, initialized // with the n...
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ui/sidebar - Archive of obsolete content
alternatively, the view->sidebar submenu in firefox will contain a new item which the user can use to show or hide the sidebar: the sidebar generates a show event when it is shown and a hide event when it is hidden.
... to show what a sidebar looks like, here's a sidebar that displays the results of running the w3c validator on the current page: specifying sidebar content the content of a sidebar is specified using html, which is loaded from the url supplied in the url option to the sidebar's constructor.
...there are two events emitted by the sidebar which will give you a worker: attach and ready.
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Progress Listeners - Archive of obsolete content
in the examples below the progress listener is attached to the tabbrowser, which means you don't get any notifications for inactive tabs.
... example create an object which implements nsiwebprogresslistener: const state_start = ci.nsiwebprogresslistener.state_start; const state_stop = ci.nsiwebprogresslistener.state_stop; var mylistener = { queryinterface: xpcomutils.generateqi(["nsiwebprogresslistener", "nsisupportsweakreference"]), onstatechange: function(awebprogress, arequest, aflag, astatus) { // if you use mylistener for more than one tab/window, use // awebprogress.domwindow to obtain the tab/window which triggers the state change if (aflag & state_start) { // this fires when the load event is initiated } ...
...if you use mylistener for more than one tab/window, // use aprogress.domwindow to obtain the tab/window which triggered the change.
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Extension Versioning, Update and Compatibility - Archive of obsolete content
the application will usually suggest to extension authors which version part it is sensible to do this with.
... note: starting in gecko 2.0, the automatic add-on update process properly supports cases in which the add-on's guid changes by uninstalling the old version and then installing the new one.
...the versions included are 2.2 and 2.5, both of which specify compatibility with firefox versions 1.5 to 2.0.0.*.
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Appendix: What you should know about open-source software licenses - Archive of obsolete content
in countries that are signatories to the berne convention (which is most countries, including japan, china, india, australia, the americas, and all of europe) this right is automatic, and requires no declaration or registration.
...this can be briefly answered by the open source definition, which was determined by the open source initiative (osi).
... the deleted advertising clause the original bsd license contained an advertising clause, which stated that “any advertising for software using an modification of this source code must display the name of the original developer.” this clause has been removed.
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Adding windows and dialogs - Archive of obsolete content
window.open( "chrome://xulschoolhello/content/somewindow.xul", "xulschoolhello-some-window", "chrome,centerscreen"); the first argument is the url to open, the second is an id to identify the window, and the last is an optional comma-separated list of features, which describe the behavior and appearance of the window.
... if this value is null or empty, the default toolbars of the main window will be added to the new one, which is rarely what you want.
...all you need to do is define which buttons you'll need and the actions associated with them.
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Tabbed browser - Archive of obsolete content
windows, then in a new window instead) "tabshifted" same as "tab" but in background if default is to select new tabs, and vice versa "window" new window "save" save to disk (with no filename hint!) openuilink( url, e, ignorebutton, ignorealt, allowkeywordfixup, postdata, referrerurl ) the following code will open a url in a new tab, an existing tab, or an existing window based on which mouse button was pressed and which hotkeys (ex: ctrl) are being held.
...elatedtocurrent: true}); gsessionstore.settabstate(tab, json.stringify({ entries: [ { title: url } ], usertypedvalue: url, usertypedclear: 2, lastaccessed: tab.lastaccessed, index: 1, hidden: false, attributes: {}, image: null })); reusing tabs rather than open a new browser or new tab each and every time one is needed, it is good practice to try to re-use an existing tab which already displays the desired url--if one is already open.
... window.open(url); } } } reusing by other criteria sometimes you want to reuse a previously-opened tab regardless of which url/uri it displays.
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Promises - Archive of obsolete content
promise apis for common asynchronous operations due to the performance and stability costs of synchronous io, many apis which rely on it have been deprecated.
... the following examples make use of the task api, which harnesses generator functions to remove some of the syntactic clutter of raw promises, such that asynchronous promise code more closely resembles synchronous, procedural code.
...converted to a pure promise-based equivalent as such: request("login", { username: user, password: password }) .then(response => { if (response.messages) return publish({ username: user, messages: response.messages }); }) .then(null, (e) => { self.reporterror("publication failed", e); }); file io file io in add-ons should be done via the os.file api, which provides a simple, but powerful, interface for reading, writing, and manipulating both text and binary files.
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Creating a dynamic status bar extension - Archive of obsolete content
« previousnext » this article builds upon the article creating a status bar extension, which creates a static status bar panel in the firefox status bar, by dynamically updating its content with information fetched from the web every few minutes.
...ript type="application/javascript" src="chrome://stockwatcher/content/stockwatcher.js"/> <!-- firefox --> <statusbar id="status-bar"> <statusbarpanel id="stockwatcher" label="loading..." tooltiptext="current value" onclick="stockwatcher.refreshinformation()" /> </statusbar> </overlay> also, notice that the definition of the status bar panel now includes a new property, onclick, which references the javascript function that will be executed whenever the user clicks on the status bar panel.
...we end up reloading data from each of the windows once in 10 minutes - fixing this by creating a js component responsible for communication with the server is a good idea for one of the future articles startup: function() { this.refreshinformation(); window.setinterval(this.refreshinformation, 10*60*1000); }, this starts by calling our refreshinformation() function, which is responsible for fetching and displaying stock ticker information in the status bar panel.
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Mozilla Application Framework in Detail - Archive of obsolete content
you can create applications using our framework that either have a native look and feel for each os, or one which is identical on macs, pc's or unix operating systems.
...themes are simply collections of images and css which can augment or replace your current ui elements.
...open source and freely available, gecko is small in size and modular and achieves rendering speed superior to all other browser engines - which makes it perfect for embedding into both desktop applications such as browsers and new devices such as browsing appliances and set top boxes.
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Creating a Wizard - Archive of obsolete content
xul provides a wizard element which can be used to create wizards.
...set it to a script which performs whatever task you want and then returns true.
...for example: <wizard id="example-window" title="select a dog wizard" onwizardfinish="return savedoginfo();" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul"> when the user clicks the finish button, the function savedoginfo() will be called, which would be defined in a script file to save the information that was entered.
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Document Object Model - Archive of obsolete content
specific xul elements also provide additional functions which may be used.
...the various dom objects have functions which may be accessed in script, however, it is important to note that the dom is an api that is accessible by javascript.
...for example, the following two lines which open a new window are functionally equivalent: window.open("test.xul","_new"); open("test.xul","_new"); when you declare a function or a variable at the top level of a script, that is outside another function, you are actually declaring a property of the global object.
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Focus and Selection - Archive of obsolete content
focused elements the focused element refers to the element which currently receives input events.
...rearranging the tab order you can change the order in which elements are focused when the user presses the tab key by adding a tabindex attribute to an element.
...getting the currently focused element the currently focused element is held by an object called a command dispatcher, of which there is only one for the window.
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Localization - Archive of obsolete content
xul and xml provide entities which are a convenient way of allowing localization.
...xml provides entities which can be used for a similar purpose.
...the codes &lt; and &gt; are examples of entities which can be used to place less than and greater than signs into the text.
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Manifest Files - Archive of obsolete content
use manifest flags to configure the scenarios in which the secondary manifest is imported.
...the packagename in the example above is 'tests', which means that the first field in the chrome url is 'tests' as in chrome://tests/content/sample.xul.
...this can be either a local file path using a file url or a jar archive using a jar url, which will be described in a moment.
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Splitters - Archive of obsolete content
it creates a skinny bar between two sections which allows these sections to be resized.
... collapse this indicates which side of the panel should collapse when the splitter notch (or grippy) is clicked or set into a collapsed state.
...if you set this to none, which is also the default, the splitter grippy does not collapse when clicked.
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Using Remote XUL - Archive of obsolete content
the remote xul manager extension lets you manage this whitelist, which is maintained using nsipermissionmanager, by creating entries of type "allowxulxbl", like this: components.classes["@mozilla.org/permissionmanager;1"] .getservice(components.interfaces.nsipermissionmanager) .add(uri, 'allowxulxbl', components.interfaces.nsipermissionmanager.allow_action); xul (pronounced like "zool"), which is short for xml-based user interface language, is an xml-based l...
...it is difficult to discern the site's basic structure and available resources, which makes it hard to locate a particular page or find the one with the information you want.
...for apache, you can do this by adding the following line to your mime.types file: application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml .xul alternately, add this line to your httpd.conf file or, if the apache server is configured to allow it, to the .htaccess file in the directory from which the xul file is served: addtype application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml .xul then restart your web server.
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XUL controls - Archive of obsolete content
button reference related elements: menupopup menuitem <checkbox> a control that may be turned on and off, typically used to create options which may be enabled or disabled.
... <colorpicker color="#ff0000"/> colorpicker reference <colorpicker type="button"> a specialized type of color picker which shows only a button.
... <colorpicker type="button" color="#cc0080"/> colorpicker reference <datepicker> a set of textboxes which may be used to allow the entry of a date.
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panel - Archive of obsolete content
fadetype: one of the values belowthe fade attribute, which may only be used with arrow panels, lets you set up a panel that will automatically fade away after a short time.
... an arrow panel can also specify a value of slide, which causes the arrow to "slide" instead of flipping when the panel doesn't have room.
... in this image, the panel has flip="slide" and has a width which is greater than the distance from the anchor to the right of the screen (or window), so the panel extends past the left of the anchor, and the arrow slides towards the middle of the panel such that it is still aligned with the anchor.
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splitter - Archive of obsolete content
« xul reference home [ examples | attributes | properties | methods | related ] an element which should appear before or after an element inside a container.
...the vbox is used to hold the .png image that a user clicks on to resize the search bar.--> <splitter tooltiptext="resize the search box" oncommand="alert('the splitter was dragged')"> <vbox id="example_vbox" /> </splitter> attributes collapse type: one of the values below determines which side of the splitter is collapsed when its grippy is clicked.
... resizeafter type: one of the values below this attribute indicates which element to the right or below the splitter should be resized when the splitter is repositioned.
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textbox - Archive of obsolete content
the default is 0, which doesn't show any decimal places.
...do not set the attribute to true, as this will suggest you can set it to false to enable the element again, which is not the case.
... visible controls have a disabled property which, except for menus and menuitems, is normally preferred to use of the attribute, as it may need to update additional state.
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CSS and JavaScript accessibility best practices - Learn web development
you shouldn't however deviate too much from the expected visual feedback form elements receive when they are focused, which is basically the same as links (see above).
... complex functionality like 3d games are not so easy to make accessible — a complex 3d game created using webgl will be rendered on a <canvas> element, which has no facility at this time to provide text alternatives or other information for severely visually impaired users to make use of.
... good example uses of unobtrusive javascript include: providing client-side form validation, which alerts users to problems with their form entries quickly, without having to wait for the server to check the data.
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Pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements - Learn web development
once you know how to use them, you can look at the list to see if there is something which works for the task you are trying to achieve.
...we are saying that we want to select the first line, of the first <p> element, which is inside an <article> element.
... article p:first-child::first-line { font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; } generating content with ::before and ::after there are a couple of special pseudo-elements, which are used along with the content property to insert content into your document using css.
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Legacy layout methods - Learn web development
this knowledge will be helpful to you if you need to create fallback code for browsers that do not support newer methods, in addition to allowing you to work on existing projects which use these types of systems.
...first, of all, apply the following to your html to provide some basic setup: body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; } the body will be 90% of the viewport wide until it gets to 900px wide, in which case it will stay fixed at this width and center itself in the viewport.
... start out by making a local copy of our sample simple-grid.html file, which contains the following markup in its body.
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Styling links - Learn web development
link states the first thing to understand is the concept of link states — different states that links can exist in, which can be styled using different pseudo-classes: link (unvisited): the default state that a link resides in, when it isn't in any other state.
... the third rule uses the a selector to get rid of the default text underline and focus outline (which varies across browsers anyway), and adds a tiny amount of padding to each link — all of this will become clear later on.
...doing this makes the border adopt the same color as the element's text, which is useful in cases like this where the text is a different color in each case.
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The HTML5 input types - Learn web development
now we'll look at the functionality of newer form controls in detail, including some new input types, which were added in html5 to allow collection of specific types of data.
...often, search fields are rendered with rounded corners; they also sometimes display an "Ⓧ", which clears the field of any value when clicked).
... as we mentioned earlier, the pattern attribute can be used to enforce constraints, which you'll learn about in client-side form validation.
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Sending form data - Learn web development
in this case we are passing two pieces of data to the server: say, which has a value of hi to, which has a value of mom the http request looks like this: get /?say=hi&to=mom http/2.0 host: foo.com note: you can find this example on github — see get-method.html (see it live also).
...this can be very important for two reasons: if you need to send a password (or any other sensitive piece of data), never use the get method or you risk displaying it in the url bar, which would be very insecure.
... on the server side: retrieving the data whichever http method you choose, the server receives a string that will be parsed in order to get the data as a list of key/value pairs.
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Creating hyperlinks - Learn web development
if the web browser doesn't know how to display or handle the file, it will ask you if you want to open the file (in which case the duty of opening or handling the file is passed to a suitable native app on the device) or download the file (in which case you can try to deal with it later on).
...the title contains additional information about the link, such as which kind of information the page contains, or things to be aware of on the web site.
... note: a link title is only revealed on mouse hover, which means that people relying on keyboard controls or touchscreens to navigate web pages will have difficulty accessing title information.
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Responsive images - Learn web development
an improvement would be to display a cropped version of the image which displays the important details of the image when the site is viewed on a narrow screen.
...this is the image's real size, which can be found by inspecting the image file on your computer (for example, on a mac you can select the image in finder and press cmd + i to bring up the info screen).
... work out which media condition in the sizes list is the first one to be true.
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Functions — reusable blocks of code - Learn web development
previous overview: building blocks next another essential concept in coding is functions, which allow you to store a piece of code that does a single task inside a defined block, and then call that code whenever you need it using a single short command — rather than having to type out the same code multiple times.
...in fact, some of the code you are calling when you invoke (a fancy word for run, or execute) a built in browser function couldn't be written in javascript — many of these functions are calling parts of the background browser code, which is written largely in low-level system languages like c++, not web languages like javascript.
... bear in mind that some built-in browser functions are not part of the core javascript language — some are defined as part of browser apis, which build on top of the default language to provide even more functionality (refer to this early section of our course for more descriptions).
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Video and Audio APIs - Learn web development
previous overview: client-side web apis next html5 comes with elements for embedding rich media in documents — <video> and <audio> — which in turn come with their own apis for controlling playback, seeking, etc.
...here is a <a href="rabbit320.mp4">link to the video</a> instead.</p> </video> this creates a video player inside the browser like so: you can review what all the html features do in the article linked above; for our purposes here, the most interesting attribute is controls, which enables the default set of playback controls.
... there is also a timer <div>, which will report the elapsed time when the video is playing.
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Basic math in JavaScript — numbers and operators - Learn web development
useful number methods the number object, an instance of which represents all standard numbers you'll use in your javascript, has a number of useful methods available on it for you to manipulate numbers.
...type the following lines into your browser's console: let lotsofdecimal = 1.766584958675746364; lotsofdecimal; let twodecimalplaces = lotsofdecimal.tofixed(2); twodecimalplaces; converting to number data types sometimes you might end up with a number that is stored as a string type, which makes it difficult to perform calculations with it.
... 5 ** 2 (returns 25, which is the same as 5 * 5).
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What is JavaScript? - Learn web development
it is the third layer of the layer cake of standard web technologies, two of which (html and css) we have covered in much more detail in other parts of the learning area.
...the program is executed from a binary format, which was generated from the original program source code.
...a common problem is that all the html on a page is loaded in the order in which it appears.
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React interactivity: Events and state - Learn web development
in this article we'll do this, digging into events and state along the way, and ending up with an app in which we can successfully add and delete tasks, and toggle tasks as completed.
...there are a couple of other things to note: the camel-cased nature of onclick is important — jsx will not recognize onclick (again, it is already used in javascript for a specific purpose, which is related but different — standard onclick handler properties).
...after that, it should trigger an alert(), which can say whatever you’d like.
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Client-side tooling overview - Learn web development
equally, a single configuration file for a tool like webpack can be hundreds of lines long, most of which are magical incantations that seem to do the job but which only a master engineer will fully understand!
... in these articles, we won’t answer every question about web tooling, but we will provide you with a useful starting point of understanding the fundamentals, which you can then build from.
... prettier is a very popular example of a code formatter, which we’ll make use of later on in the module.
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Accessibility Features in Firefox
tabbed browsing helps keyboard users by putting all of the browsed documents in one firefox application window rather than cluttering the alt+tab order which makes keyboard navigation within the entire windows os much simpler.
... bookmarks can have a keyword assigned to them which can be typed into the address bar to bring up the bookmark.
...this will show the html source for only the selected text, which is useful for understanding accessibility problems in some web sites.
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CSUN Firefox Materials
it's a quick download, occupies very little disk space, and has a clean, no-nonsense interface." - pc magazine firefox 1.5 is a fast, free, standards compliant web browser which is rapidly gaining recognition for its fresh, streamlined approach to browsing the web.
... tabbed browsing helps keyboard users by putting all of the browsed documents in one firefox application window rather than cluttering the alt+tab order which makes keyboard navigation within the entire windows os much simpler.
... bookmarks can have a keyword assigned to them which can be typed into the address bar to bring up the bookmark.
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Multiprocess on Windows
interceptors are, essentially, wrapper objects which implement the same interfaces as the object that they are wrapping.
...the interceptor is also aware that any outparams, which contain interfaces, must also be wrapped with interceptors of their own.
...typelib metadata is limited to supporting the same language features which were supported by vb at that time.
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A bird's-eye view of the Mozilla framework
framework layers at a high level, you can think of the mozilla framework as consisting of a suite of applications, each of which is organized into three basic layers depicted in figure 1.
...the ability to dynamically integrate modules and packages at startup is a powerful benefit of the object model, which defines a module as a set of one or more xpcom objects calledcomponents.
...the client is completely unaware of which c++ class (or other language) actually implements nsirdfnode; it only interacts with the idl interface.
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Message manager overview
frame message managers in multiprocess firefox, when chrome code needs to interact with web content, it needs to: factor the code that needs direct access to content into separate scripts, which are called "frame scripts" use a frame message manager to load these frame scripts into the content process use the frame message manager api to communicate with the frame script some older articles on multiprocess firefox and the message manager might refer to "content scripts" instead of "frame scripts", but this usage is deprecated because the add-on sdk uses "content script" to refer to ...
... note that in this context, "browser" refers to the xul <browser> object, which is a frame that hosts a single web document.
... it's a chromemessagebroadcaster object, which implements the following interfaces: nsiframescriptloader nsimessagelistenermanager nsimessagebroadcaster you can access the global message manager like this: // chrome script let globalmm = cc["@mozilla.org/globalmessagemanager;1"] .getservice(ci.nsimessagelistenermanager); window message manager the window message manager is associated with a specific browser window, and operates on...
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Embedding the editor
composer embedded in a native application in this application, the <iframe> on which the editor lives is embedded directly in the native application; this is equivalent to embedding the browser via nsiwebbrowser, but instead having an editable document.
...(the current nseditorshell makes assumptions about the hosting xul document, which need to be broken.) composer embedded in a web page (<htmlarea>) ie 5 supports the <htmlarea> element; if mozilla is to support something similar, editor needs to be embeddable to the extent that this can be done.
...editor incorrectly rooted the editor in a composer window is current owned by the nseditorshell, which in turn is created, owned and destroyed by the nseditorboxobject.
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Extending a Protocol
quick start: extending a protocol this tutorial implements a simple ping-pong style ipdl protocol, which sends a message from the content process (main thread) to the chrome process (ui thread).
...the method will take one argument, a domstring, which we will pass to the parent process.
... visually, it's going to look something like this (except for the operating system bit, which we are not actually going to do - just to illustrate what we could do): let's start by implementing the webidl above.
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Using the viewport meta tag to control layout on mobile browsers
background the browser's viewport is the area of the window in which web content can be seen.
... this is often not the same size as the rendered page, in which case the browser provides scrollbars for the user to scroll around and access all the content.
...mobiles) render pages in a virtual window or viewport, which is usually wider than the screen, and then shrink the rendered result down so it can all be seen at once.
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Mozilla Style System Documentation
these three types of style contexts correspond to the three ways of creating a style context: nsiprescontext::resolvestylecontextfor, nsiprescontext::resolvepseudostylecontextfor, and.nsiprescontext::resolvestylecontextfornonelement there is also a fourth method, nsiprescontext::probepseudostylecontextfor, which creates a style context only if there are style rules that match the pseudo-element.
... this is useful for the pseudo-elements defined in the css specification (:before, :after, :first-line, :first-letter), but few of mozilla's custom pseudo-elements, many of which are hacks for further formatting objects that we create.
... the pres context forwards these calls to its style set object (stylesetimpl, interface nsistyleset), which does the real work (and also maintains the lists of stylesheets and owns the rule tree).
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Refcount tracing and balancing
the first step is to run firefox with refcount tracing enabled, which produces one or more log files.
... xpcom_mem_log_classes this variable should contain a comma-separated list of names which will be used to compare against the types of the objects being logged.
... post-processing step 1: finding the leakers first you have to figure out which objects leaked.
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nss tech note5
ck_mechanism_type ciphermech = ckm_des_cbc_pad <big>(for example)</big> choose a slot on which to to do the operation pk11slotinfo* slot = pk11_getbestslot(ciphermech, null); or pk11slotinfo* slot = pk11_getinternalkeyslot(); /* alwys returns internal slot, may not be optimal */ prepare the key if using a raw key /* turn the raw key into a secitem */ secitem keyitem; keyitem.data = /* ptr to an array of key bytes */ keyitem.len = /* le...
... ck_mechanism_type digestmech = ckm_md5 <big>(for example)</big> choose a slot on which to to do the operation pk11slotinfo* slot = pk11_getbestslot(digestmech, null); or pk11slotinfo* slot = pk11_getinternalkeyslot(); /* always returns int slot, may not be optimal */ prepare the key if using a raw key /* turn the raw key into a secitem */ secitem keyitem; keyitem.data = /* ptr to an array of key bytes */ keyitem.len = /* length...
...you can find a list of hmac mechanisms in security/nss/lib/softoken/pkcs11.c - grep for ckf_sn_vr, and choose the mechanisms that contain hmac in the name ck_mechanism_type hmacmech = ckm_md5_hmac; <big>(for example)</big> choose a slot on which to to do the operation pk11slotinfo* slot = pk11_getbestslot(hmacmech, null); or pk11slotinfo* slot = pk11_getinternalkeyslot(); /* always returns int slot, may not be optimal */ prepare the key if using a raw key /* turn the raw key into a secitem */ secitem keyitem; keyitem.type = sibuffer; keyitem.data = /* ptr to an array of key bytes */ ...
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PKCS11 FAQ
nss typically holds one session read-only session per slot, in which some of the non-multipart functions are handled.
...that is, which pkcs #11 attributes are used in the object searches?
... which function does nss use to get login state information?
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JS::CompileOptions
constructor js::readonlycompileoptions(); // added in spidermonkey 31 js::owningcompileoptions(jscontext *cx); // added in spidermonkey 31 js::compileoptions(jscontext *cx, jsversion version = jsversion_unknown); name type description cx jscontext * pointer to a js context from which to derive runtime information.
...this allows an attack by which a malicious website loads a sensitive file (say, a bank statement) cross-origin (using the user's cookies), and sniffs the generated syntax errors (via a window.onerror handler) for juicy morsels of its contents.
... to counter this attack, html5 specifies that script errors should be sanitized ("muted") when the script is not same-origin with the global for which it is loaded.
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Handling Mozilla Security Bugs
at the same time, mozilla.org is also creating a larger "mozilla security bug group" by which mozilla contributors and others can participate in addressing security vulnerabilities in mozilla.
...thus people have strong feelings about how security-related bugs are handled, and in particular about the degree to which information about such bugs is publicly disclosed.
...however, a security bug can revert back to being a normal bug by having the "security-sensitive" flag removed, in which case the access control restrictions will no longer be in effect.
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Preface
for example, the introduction includes a discussion of components and what they are, and the first chapter - in which you compile the basic code and register it with mozilla - prompts a discussion of the relationship between components and modules, of xpcom interfaces, and of the registration process in general.
...by the end of the book, if we've done our job, you will have learned how to build a component and you will know something about the framework for these components in gecko, which is xpcom.
...also many of the examples are in javascript, which is used in mozilla to access xpcom components as scriptable objects, and so familiarity with that language is useful as well.
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nsIContentPrefService
useful for accessing and manipulating preferences in ways that are caller-specific or for which there is not yet a generic method, although generic functionality useful to multiple callers should generally be added to this unfrozen interface.
... grouper nsicontenturigrouper the component that the service uses to determine the groups to which uris belong.
... by default, this is the "hostname grouper," which groups uris by full hostname (in otherwords, by site).
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nsINavHistoryResultNode
bookmarkindex long when this item is in a bookmark folder (its parent is of type folder), this is the index into that folder at which this node resides.
... these indices start at 0 and increase in the order at which the nodes appear in the bookmark folder.
... dateadded prtime if the node is an item (bookmark, folder, or separator), this value is the time at which the item was created.
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nsISupports proxies
xpcom proxies were a technology which allowed code to make asynchronous or synchronous xpcom calls to a different thread on arbitrary xpcom interfaces.
... about xpcom proxies a proxy, in this context, is a stub object which enables a method of any class which is derived from nsisupports and has a typelib to be called on any in-process thread.
...they from the majority of javascript code, which is small and can be quickly run.
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Getting Started Guide
a reference through which you will call addref and release is called an owning reference.
...all good getters addref the interface pointers they produce, thus providing you with an owning reference; you will hold onto the reference longer than the scope of the function in which you acquired it, e.g., you got it as a parameter, but you're hanging onto it in a member variable (see, for example, comparison 1, below).
...you still have to know which functions return interface pointers that have already been addrefed and which don't.
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Reference Manual
additionally, you can construct an nscomptr without supplying an initial value, in which case it is initialized to 0.
...nscomptr<nsibar> bar( getter_addrefs(createbar()) ); // ...which i must query for the right type nscomptr<nsifoo> foo( do_queryinterface(bar) ); one unfortunate trap that people fall into in this case is forgetting that their getter function addrefed the result.
... which leads them to type in code that looks like this: nscomptr<nsifoo> foo( do_queryinterface(createbar()) ); // oops!
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Working with windows in chrome code
this is different from the user-visible window title, which is specified using xul.
... var ww = components.classes["@mozilla.org/embedcomp/window-watcher;1"] .getservice(components.interfaces.nsiwindowwatcher); var win = ww.openwindow(null, "chrome://myextension/content/about.xul", "aboutmyextension", "chrome,centerscreen", null); window object note the win variable in the above section, which is assigned the return value of window.open.
...accessing elements which are ancestors of your chrome document, or accessing elements which are descendants of your chrome document (but nevertheless in a different context).
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Debugger-API - Firefox Developer Tools
the debugger interface mozilla’s javascript engine, spidermonkey, provides a debugging interface named debugger which lets javascript code observe and manipulate the execution of other javascript code.
... debugger instances and shadow objects debugger reflects every aspect of the debuggee’s state as a javascript value—not just actual javascript values like objects and primitives, but also stack frames, environments, scripts, and compilation units, which are not normally accessible as objects in their own right.
... here is a javascript program in the process of running a timer callback function: a running javascript program and its debugger shadows this diagram shows the various types of shadow objects that make up the debugger api (which all follow some general conventions): a debugger.object represents a debuggee object, offering a reflection-oriented api that protects the debugger from accidentally invoking getters, setters, proxy traps, and so on.
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AudioWorkletProcessor.parameterDescriptors (static getter) - Web APIs
the read-only parameterdescriptors property of an audioworkletprocessor-derived class is a static getter, which returns an iterable of audioparamdescriptor-based objects.
...the properties of these objects are as follows: name the domstring which represents the name of the audioparam.
... automationrate optional either "a-rate", or "k-rate" string which represents an automation rate of this audioparam.
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DOMMatrixReadOnly - Web APIs
the dommatrix interrface—which is based upon dommatrixreadonly—adds mutability, allowing you to alter the matrix after creating it.
...the identity matrix is one in which every value is 0 except those on the main diagonal from top-left to bottom-right corner (in other words, where the offsets in each direction are equal).
... a, b, c, d, e, f double-precision floating-point values representing the components of a 4×4 matrix which are required in order to perform 2d rotations and translations.
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Using files from web applications - Web APIs
using the file api, which was added to the dom in html5, it's now possible for web content to ask the user to select local files and then read the contents of those files.
...ilenum").innerhtml = nfiles; document.getelementbyid("filesize").innerhtml = soutput; } document.getelementbyid("uploadinput").addeventlistener("change", updatesize, false); </script> </body> </html> using hidden file input elements using the click() method you can hide the admittedly ugly file <input> element and present your own interface for opening the file picker and displaying which file or files the user has selected.
...when the entire contents of the image file are loaded, they are converted into a data: url which is passed to the onload callback.
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HTMLCanvasElement.getContext() - Web APIs
"webgl" (or "experimental-webgl") which will create a webglrenderingcontext object representing a three-dimensional rendering context.
... "webgl2" which will create a webgl2renderingcontext object representing a three-dimensional rendering context.
... "bitmaprenderer" which will create an imagebitmaprenderingcontext which only provides functionality to replace the content of the canvas with a given imagebitmap.
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Checking when a deadline is due - Web APIs
on mobile platforms you tend to get a numeric keypad for entering data, which is helpful.
... on others you just get a standard text input, which is okay.
...2013, '13, 13?), i decided the best solution was to give them a choice to pick from, which also saves on annoying typing for mobile users.
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IntersectionObserver.IntersectionObserver() - Web APIs
syntax var observer = new intersectionobserver(callback[, options]); parameters callback a function which is called when the percentage of the target element is visible crosses a threshold.
... the callback receives as input two parameters: entries an array of intersectionobserverentry objects, each representing one threshold which was crossed, either becoming more or less visible than the percentage specified by that threshold.
... observer the intersectionobserver for which the callback is being invoked.
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KeyboardEvent - Web APIs
keyboard locations the following constants identify which part of the keyboard the key event originates from.
... dom_key_location_left 0x01 the key is one which may exist in multiple locations on the keyboard and, in this instance, is on the left side of the keyboard.
... dom_key_location_right 0x02 the key is one which may exist in multiple positions on the keyboard and, in this case, is located on the right side of the keyboard.
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Navigator - Web APIs
navigator.keyboard read only returns a keyboard object which provides access to functions that retrieve keyboard layout maps and toggle capturing of key presses from the physical keyboard.
... navigator.locks read only returns a lockmanager object which provides methods for requesting a new lock object and querying for an existing lock object navigator.mediacapabilities read only returns a mediacapabilities object that can expose information about the decoding and encoding capabilities for a given format and output capabilities.
... navigator.serviceworker read only returns a serviceworkercontainer object, which provides access to registration, removal, upgrade, and communication with the serviceworker objects for the associated document.
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Node - Web APIs
the dom node interface is an abstract base class upon which many other dom api objects are based, thus letting those object types to be used similarly and often interchangeably.
...these include attr, characterdata (which text, comment, and cdatasection are all based on), processinginstruction, documenttype, notation, entity, and entityreference.
... node.getrootnode() returns the context object's root which optionally includes the shadow root if it is available.
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A basic 2D WebGL animation example - Web APIs
its job, as always, is to convert the coordinates we're using for our scene into clipspace coordinates (that is, the system by which (0, 0) is at the center of the context and each axis extends from -1.0 to 1.0 regardless of the actual size of the context).
...r; void main() { vec2 rotatedposition = vec2( avertexposition.x * urotationvector.y + avertexposition.y * urotationvector.x, avertexposition.y * urotationvector.y - avertexposition.x * urotationvector.x ); gl_position = vec4(rotatedposition * uscalingfactor, 0.0, 1.0); } </script> the main program shares with us the attribute avertexposition, which is the position of the vertex in whatever coordinate system it's using.
...then we set the global gl_fragcolor to the value of the uniform uglobalcolor, which is set by the javascript code to the color being used to draw the square.
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Introduction to the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) - Web APIs
since rtp is simply a data transport, it is augmented by the closely-related rtp control protocol (rtcp), which is defined in rfc 3550, section 6.
... things rtp doesn't do rtp itself doesn't provide every possible feature, which is why other protocols are also used by webrtc.
... rtcpeerconnection and rtp each rtcpeerconnection has methods which provide access to the list of rtp transports that service the peer connection.
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Using DTMF with WebRTC - Web APIs
when you wish to transmit dtmf signals, you first need to decide which track to send them on, since dtmf is sent as a series of out-of-band payloads on the rtcrtpsender responsible for transmitting that track's data to the other peer.
... each time a tone is sent, the rtcpeerconnection receives a tonechange event with a tone property specifying which tone finished playing, which is an opportunity to update interface elements, for example.
... dialbutton and logelement these variables will be used to store references to the dial button and the <div> into which logging information will be written.
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Lighting a WebXR setting - Web APIs
ambient light can also be used to apply a color tint to a scene; for example, in a game in which the player has a special pair of yellow-tinted glasses, you can add a yellow ambient light.
... diffuse light diffuse light is light which is evenly and directionally emitted from or reflected off a surface.
... because the intensity of diffuse light depends on the angle of incidence (the angle between the vector representing the direction from which the light reaches the surface and the surface's normal vector or the vector perpendicular to the surface), the intensity or brightness of the light reflected by an object varies depending on the surface's orientation relative to the light source.
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Spaces and reference spaces: Spatial tracking in WebXR - Web APIs
but webxr goes beyond that by adding the ability to track the location, orientation, and motion of the input devices which generate data used to determine the position and movement of individual parts of the viewer's body (with appropriate equipment).
... representing a position using a reference space as covered in defining spatial relationships with reference spaces in geometry and reference spaces in webxr, reference spaces establish a local coordinate system which is offset from another coordinate system that is itself defined by some other space.
... thus, a reference space can be used to define the position and orientation of a point and by extension the entire object for which that point is the origin.
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Web Authentication API - Web APIs
browser calls authenticatormakecredential() on authenticator - internally, the browser will validate the parameters and fill in any defaults, which become the authenticatorresponse.clientdatajson.
... one of the most important parameters is the origin, which is recorded as part of the clientdata so that the origin can be verified by the server later.
...the public key will become part of the attestation, which the authenticator will sign over with a private key that was burned into the authenticator during its manufacturing process and that has a certificate chain that can be validated back to a root of trust.
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Window.open() - Web APIs
windowname optional a domstring specifying the name of the browsing context (window, <iframe> or tab) into which to load the specified resource; if the name doesn't indicate an existing context, a new window is created and is given the name specified by windowname.
... return value a windowproxy object, which is basically a thin wrapper for the window object representing the newly created window, and has all its features available.
...google chrome (55.0.2883.87 m ) on the other hand will do it only from the same parent (as if the window was created dependent, which is the "opener").
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self.createImageBitmap() - Web APIs
it accepts a variety of different image sources, and returns a promise which resolves to an imagebitmap.
... syntax const imagebitmappromise = createimagebitmap(image[, options]); const imagebitmappromise = createimagebitmap(image, sx, sy, sw, sh[, options]); parameters image an image source, which can be an <img>, svg <image>, <video>, <canvas>, htmlimageelement, svgimageelement, htmlvideoelement, htmlcanvaselement, blob, imagedata, imagebitmap, or offscreencanvas object.
... sx the x coordinate of the reference point of the rectangle from which the imagebitmap will be extracted.
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XRReferenceSpace.getOffsetReferenceSpace() - Web APIs
the xrreferencespace interface's getoffsetreferencespace() method returns a new reference space object which describes the relative difference in position between the object on which the method is called and a given point in 3d space.
... in other words, when you have an object in 3d space and need to position another object relative to that one, you can call getoffsetreferencespace(), passing into it the position and orientation you want the second object to have relative to the position and orientation of the object on which you call getoffsetreferencespace().
...this is demonstrated in the example implementing rotation based on non-xr inputs, which demonstrates a way to use this method to let the user use their mouse to pitch and yaw their viewing angle.
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Architecture - Accessibility
if it has text siblings, then it gets exposed as the unicode char for an embedded object, which is '\xfffc' within the parent nshypertextaccessible.
...when you have an nsiaccessiblehypertext, you can ask for its links, which is the subset of children from the nsiaccessible hierarchy that are not text or whitespace.
...this is done for backward compatibility with older msaa clients which didn't have access to a text interface.
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Using CSS transitions - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
with css transitions enabled, changes occur at time intervals that follow an acceleration curve, all of which can be customized.
... css transitions let you decide which properties to animate (by listing them explicitly), when the animation will start (by setting a delay), how long the transition will last (by setting a duration), and how the transition will run (by defining a timing function, e.g.
... which css properties can be transitioned?
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